三维运动盲水印技术的研究
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摘要
数字水印技术是多媒体通信和多媒体信号处理领域近年来的新的研究方向，
作为多媒体作品知识产权保护的有效手段，得到非常广泛的研究和应用。三维运
动作为一种新的多媒体数据内容，已成为计算机动画研究的一个热点，并在影视、
游戏、控制、仿真等领域有非常广阔的应用前景。本文探讨了多媒体数据数字水
印的各种典型技术和三维运动相关的理论和方法。通过对现有数字水印技术的归
纳、比较和分析，结合三维运动的特点提出了两种鲁棒的盲水印算法：三维运动
盲水印检测算法和三维运动盲水印提取算法。
本文第一章对多媒体数据的数字水印技术进行了综述，简单介绍了数字水印
的一些基本概念，阐述了数字水印的定义、产生背景、性能指标以及分类，并给
出了一个通用数字水印系统的结构。重点对现有的一些典型的水印算法做了分
析，分别针对不同算法进行评价。对数字水印的攻击方法做了分类和讨论，介绍
了水印技术的应用。
在第二章中概述了三维运动及运动信号处理的理论和方法。论述了运动角色
建模、运动数据表达的思想，然后分析了三维运动数据生成的典型方法，包括运
动捕获、运动图象序列跟踪、运动学方法以及动力学方法，并对不同方法进行比
较评述。阐述了运动信号处理的基本概念、理论和方法，最后介绍了我们基于
OpenGL的运动数据动画显示程序。
第三章基于统计检测理论与DCT变换系数分布的研究，提出一个鲁棒的三
维运动盲水印检测算法，它是一个DCT变换域上的符号相关性检测算法。实验
结果显示，算法对于运动自由度重排、斯白噪声、重采样以及二次水印等攻击有
很好的鲁捧性。
在第四章中实现了一个三维运动盲水印提取算法。本章的算法应用了量化与
扩展频谱的思想，首先对运动信号进行频域变换，在DCT域上选择一定数量的
中频交流系数量化嵌入水印信息。实验结果显示，我们的算法在高斯白噪声、重
采样、运动光滑等攻击下有很好的鲁棒性。
最后，在第五章中对全文进行归纳和总结，并且提出了进一步研究的方向。
Digital watermarking tecndque is a new research area of multimedia
comrnunication and multimedia signal processing in recentIy years. It's widely
investigated and used as an effective way for boowledge property right protection. 3D
motions, as a new multimedia cofltent type, have become a hotspot of computer
animation research, and also have broad aPplication prospect in movie. game'
control. simu1ation field etc. This paPer discusses typical multimedia watermarking
algorithms. theory and technique related with 3D motion. By comparing and
analyzing the existent watermarking algorithms, it proposes two robust watermarking
algorithms f a 3D motion blind watermark detection algorithIn and a 3D motion bIind
watermark extTaction algorithIn.
The chaPter 1 surveys the popular tec[mque of muhimedia watermarkng,
introduces the basis of digital watermark, explains its definition. background.
perfOrmance indicator. classification and aPplication field, illustrates a general digital
watermarking system. It emphasized on the analysis and evaluation of typical
watermarking algorithIns. It classifies and discusses the attack of watermarking,
introduces the aPplication of digital watermarking tecboque in industry.
In the chaPter 2, it summarizes the theory and technique of 3D motion and motion
signaI processing. It addresses the theory of character modeling' motion
representation. Then analyzes and cornmeflt on the typical ways of 3D motion
creation, including motion caPtllfe' motion pictUre sequence tracking. kinematics and
dynamics. lt introduces the basis of motion signal processing, and finally is our
motion data viewer program based on OpenGL.
Based on the theoTy of statistical dctection and research on distribution of DCT
coefficiefits, the chaPter 3 proposes a robust 3D motion blind watermark detection
algorithIn, which is a sign correlation detection scheme. Experimental results show
that this method is resilience to many attacks such as Gaussian White Noise.
resaxnpling. smoothing and second watermark.
In chaPter 4, it implemented a robust 3D motion blind watermark extraction
algorithm. The algorithIn adopts twO well-known ideas called spread spectrum and
quantization, first applies a frequency transfOrmation on the motion signal, and then
embeds watermark bits by quantizing proper intermediate frequency coefficients. Our
experiments show that this method is also robust to Gaussian White Noise.
resampling and smoothing etc..
At last, some discussions and conclusions are given.
作为多媒体作品知识产权保护的有效手段，得到非常广泛的研究和应用。三维运
动作为一种新的多媒体数据内容，已成为计算机动画研究的一个热点，并在影视、
游戏、控制、仿真等领域有非常广阔的应用前景。本文探讨了多媒体数据数字水
印的各种典型技术和三维运动相关的理论和方法。通过对现有数字水印技术的归
纳、比较和分析，结合三维运动的特点提出了两种鲁棒的盲水印算法：三维运动
盲水印检测算法和三维运动盲水印提取算法。
本文第一章对多媒体数据的数字水印技术进行了综述，简单介绍了数字水印
的一些基本概念，阐述了数字水印的定义、产生背景、性能指标以及分类，并给
出了一个通用数字水印系统的结构。重点对现有的一些典型的水印算法做了分
析，分别针对不同算法进行评价。对数字水印的攻击方法做了分类和讨论，介绍
了水印技术的应用。
在第二章中概述了三维运动及运动信号处理的理论和方法。论述了运动角色
建模、运动数据表达的思想，然后分析了三维运动数据生成的典型方法，包括运
动捕获、运动图象序列跟踪、运动学方法以及动力学方法，并对不同方法进行比
较评述。阐述了运动信号处理的基本概念、理论和方法，最后介绍了我们基于
OpenGL的运动数据动画显示程序。
第三章基于统计检测理论与DCT变换系数分布的研究，提出一个鲁棒的三
维运动盲水印检测算法，它是一个DCT变换域上的符号相关性检测算法。实验
结果显示，算法对于运动自由度重排、斯白噪声、重采样以及二次水印等攻击有
很好的鲁捧性。
在第四章中实现了一个三维运动盲水印提取算法。本章的算法应用了量化与
扩展频谱的思想，首先对运动信号进行频域变换，在DCT域上选择一定数量的
中频交流系数量化嵌入水印信息。实验结果显示，我们的算法在高斯白噪声、重
采样、运动光滑等攻击下有很好的鲁棒性。
最后，在第五章中对全文进行归纳和总结，并且提出了进一步研究的方向。
Digital watermarking tecndque is a new research area of multimedia
comrnunication and multimedia signal processing in recentIy years. It's widely
investigated and used as an effective way for boowledge property right protection. 3D
motions, as a new multimedia cofltent type, have become a hotspot of computer
animation research, and also have broad aPplication prospect in movie. game'
control. simu1ation field etc. This paPer discusses typical multimedia watermarking
algorithms. theory and technique related with 3D motion. By comparing and
analyzing the existent watermarking algorithms, it proposes two robust watermarking
algorithms f a 3D motion blind watermark detection algorithIn and a 3D motion bIind
watermark extTaction algorithIn.
The chaPter 1 surveys the popular tec[mque of muhimedia watermarkng,
introduces the basis of digital watermark, explains its definition. background.
perfOrmance indicator. classification and aPplication field, illustrates a general digital
watermarking system. It emphasized on the analysis and evaluation of typical
watermarking algorithIns. It classifies and discusses the attack of watermarking,
introduces the aPplication of digital watermarking tecboque in industry.
In the chaPter 2, it summarizes the theory and technique of 3D motion and motion
signaI processing. It addresses the theory of character modeling' motion
representation. Then analyzes and cornmeflt on the typical ways of 3D motion
creation, including motion caPtllfe' motion pictUre sequence tracking. kinematics and
dynamics. lt introduces the basis of motion signal processing, and finally is our
motion data viewer program based on OpenGL.
Based on the theoTy of statistical dctection and research on distribution of DCT
coefficiefits, the chaPter 3 proposes a robust 3D motion blind watermark detection
algorithIn, which is a sign correlation detection scheme. Experimental results show
that this method is resilience to many attacks such as Gaussian White Noise.
resaxnpling. smoothing and second watermark.
In chaPter 4, it implemented a robust 3D motion blind watermark extraction
algorithm. The algorithIn adopts twO well-known ideas called spread spectrum and
quantization, first applies a frequency transfOrmation on the motion signal, and then
embeds watermark bits by quantizing proper intermediate frequency coefficients. Our
experiments show that this method is also robust to Gaussian White Noise.
resampling and smoothing etc..
At last, some discussions and conclusions are given.
引文
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2． Q Ruanaidh J J, Dowling W J, Boland F M. "Watermarking digital images for copyright protection". In: IEEE proceeding on Vision, Signal and Image Processing, 1996． 8, 143 (4) : 250-256．
3． Bender W, Gruhl D, Morimoto N, et al. "Techniques for data hiding". IBM System Journal, 1996, 35(3&4) : 313-336
4． Voyatzis G, Nikolaidis N, Pitas 1． "Digital watermarking: an overview". In: 9th European Signal Processing Conference, Island of Rhodes, Greece. 1998: 9-12．
5． Jiri Fridrich. "Applications of data hiding in digital images". In: the ISPAC'98 Conference in Melbourne, Australia, 1998． 11．
6． M.L. Miller, I.J. Cox, J.A. Bloom, "Watermarking in the Real world: An Application to DVD," , in Multimedia and Security-Workshop at ACM Multimedia '98 (GMD Report), 1998
7． S. Katzenbeisser, F. A. P. Petitcolas, "Digital Watermarking", Artech House, London, 2000．
8． Fabien A.P. Petitcolas, Ross J. Anderson and Markus G. Kuhn. "Information Hiding-A Survey", Proc. of IEEE, 87(7) : 1062-1078, 1999
9． Frank Hartung, Bernd Girod, J. Su. "Digital Watermarking of Text, Image, andVideo Documents", Computer & Graphics, Vol. 22, No. 6． 1998．
10． Cox, I. J. and M. L. Miller (2002) . "The first 50 years of electronic watermarking." Journal of Applied Signal Processing: 126-132, 2002
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