基于虚拟战场环境的高炮训练模拟系统研究
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摘要
随着现代战争节奏的加快和军事科技的日新月异,利用基于虚拟战场环境的训练模拟器/系统来对士兵和指挥员进行训练的方式,正成为部队进行训练的一种重要的现代化手段。本文在分析和概括军事训练模拟系统国内外研究现状的基础上,对军事训练模拟系统中涉及的模型建立、碰撞检测以及特效生成等关键技术进行了研究。本文主要进行了以下几个方面的工作;
1.在实现了高炮训练模拟系统地形建模和实体建模的基础上,重点研究了高炮训练模拟系统中实体运动模型的建立,设计并构建了高炮和飞机目标的运动模型。
2.介绍了碰撞检测的定义和分类,讨论了训练模拟系统中的碰撞响应问题,重点研究了训练模拟系统中涉及的三种碰撞检测问题;弹丸与目标碰撞、模型拾取和地形匹配,并针对弹丸的碰撞检测,提出一种优化的碰撞预测策略,提高了场景中碰撞检测的效率。
3.对战场特殊效果生成中广泛用到的粒子系统技术进行了介绍,研究了战场火焰和烟雾的生成方法,提出了一种模拟导弹尾焰的粒子系统。
4.设计了具有对抗和联合协同训练功能的高炮训练模拟系统,实现了高炮武器系统的协同训练模拟。
文章最后对本文的主要工作进行了总结,并提出了需要进一步研究的内容。
As modern war is becoming faster and military technology is developing quickly, using military drilling simulators/systems based on virtual battlefield environment to train soldiers and commanders is becoming an important way for military drilling. Based on the analysis and generalization of status quo of international and domestic research on military drilling simulators/systems, this thesis discussed key technologies in military drilling simulators/systems such as modeling technology, collision detection and generation of special effects.
The main work stated in this thesis focused on following aspects:
1. Based on the realization of terrain modeling and entity modeling, the kinematic modeling in military drilling simulation system was studied in depth and the kinematic models of antiaircraft gun and aircraft were design and constructed.
2. Definition and classification of collision detection were introduced and collision response in military drilling system was discussed. Three problems in collision detection in the drilling system were studied: collision between shell and objects, model pickup and terrain matching. An optimized forecast strategy for collision was put forward to improve the efficiency of collision.
3. The particle system technology which is used widely in generation of special effects was introduced, and the methods for generation of battlefield fire and smoke were studied and a particle system for simulating the tail fire of missile was put forward.
4. An antiaircraft gun drilling simulation system, which can realize the counterwork in training, was designed to train gun operator and commander of antiaircraft gun company together.
At last, the main work of this thesis was summarized and more research work that needs to be done was also brought forward.
1.在实现了高炮训练模拟系统地形建模和实体建模的基础上,重点研究了高炮训练模拟系统中实体运动模型的建立,设计并构建了高炮和飞机目标的运动模型。
2.介绍了碰撞检测的定义和分类,讨论了训练模拟系统中的碰撞响应问题,重点研究了训练模拟系统中涉及的三种碰撞检测问题;弹丸与目标碰撞、模型拾取和地形匹配,并针对弹丸的碰撞检测,提出一种优化的碰撞预测策略,提高了场景中碰撞检测的效率。
3.对战场特殊效果生成中广泛用到的粒子系统技术进行了介绍,研究了战场火焰和烟雾的生成方法,提出了一种模拟导弹尾焰的粒子系统。
4.设计了具有对抗和联合协同训练功能的高炮训练模拟系统,实现了高炮武器系统的协同训练模拟。
文章最后对本文的主要工作进行了总结,并提出了需要进一步研究的内容。
As modern war is becoming faster and military technology is developing quickly, using military drilling simulators/systems based on virtual battlefield environment to train soldiers and commanders is becoming an important way for military drilling. Based on the analysis and generalization of status quo of international and domestic research on military drilling simulators/systems, this thesis discussed key technologies in military drilling simulators/systems such as modeling technology, collision detection and generation of special effects.
The main work stated in this thesis focused on following aspects:
1. Based on the realization of terrain modeling and entity modeling, the kinematic modeling in military drilling simulation system was studied in depth and the kinematic models of antiaircraft gun and aircraft were design and constructed.
2. Definition and classification of collision detection were introduced and collision response in military drilling system was discussed. Three problems in collision detection in the drilling system were studied: collision between shell and objects, model pickup and terrain matching. An optimized forecast strategy for collision was put forward to improve the efficiency of collision.
3. The particle system technology which is used widely in generation of special effects was introduced, and the methods for generation of battlefield fire and smoke were studied and a particle system for simulating the tail fire of missile was put forward.
4. An antiaircraft gun drilling simulation system, which can realize the counterwork in training, was designed to train gun operator and commander of antiaircraft gun company together.
At last, the main work of this thesis was summarized and more research work that needs to be done was also brought forward.
引文
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[6]邹湘军,孙健,何汉武,郑德涛等.虚拟现实技术的演变发展与展望[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(9),1905-1909.
[7]唐凤举等.现代仿真技术与应用[M].北京;国防工业出版社,2001.
[8]李庆民,刘君,张志华.武器系统仿真模型的可信性验证方法研究[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(12),3380-3382.
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[11]王扬.现代训练仿真器技术的发展[J].计算机仿真,2003,20(1),9-13.
[12]董战鲲,曹青.MultiGen建模技术在视景仿真中的研究与应用[J].电子技术应用,2006,32(2),14-17.
[13]江世英,时银水,朱岩等.某型小高炮系统抗击巡航导弹的仿真研究[J],电光与控制.2005,12(3);57-58.
[14]张传富.虚拟高炮训练仿真系统的设计与实现[D],长沙,国防科学技术大学.
[15]潘振宽,崔树娟,张继萍等.基于层次包围盒的碰撞检测方法[J].青岛大学学报(自然科学版),2005,18(1);71-72.
[16]魏迎梅,吴泉源,石教英.碰撞检测技术综述[J].计算机工程与科学,2001,23(2),44-47.
[17]丁志磊.基于OBB包围盒的快速碰撞检测[D].兰州,兰州理工大学.
[18]张建民.虚拟装配集成环境及其关键技术研究[D].西安,西安交通大学.
[19]冯善达,刘怡昕.虚拟战场环境中典型碰撞问题研究[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(6),1582-1584.
[20]邢卫卫,李凤霞,战守义.基于OpenGVS的城区漫游系统的开发[J],2005,25(3),727-728.
[21]陶定峰.虚拟战场环境生成技术研究[D].南京,南京理工大学.
[22]杨冰,鲁敏.基于景物特征的粒子系统建模技术[J].计算机应用研究,2000,20-22.
[23]谢隽毅,张芹,吴慧中.一个基于粒子系统的战场火焰模型及其实现[J].系统仿真学报,200l,13(5),596-598.
[24]马登武,叶文,邓建求,曲晓燕.一种简便高效的导弹尾焰的绘制算法[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(3),663-665.
[25]王立博,杨新.一种便携式导弹烟雾的实时仿真方法[J].微型电脑应用,2006,22(5),1-5.
[26]高颖,金岩通,杨永强,黄建国.虚拟视景系统中粒子系统的接口设计与实现[J].系统仿真学报,2006.18(2),384-386.
[27]郭齐胜,董志明.战场环境仿真[M].北京;国防工业出版社,2005.
[28]游雄.基于虚拟现实技术的战场环境仿真[J].测绘学报,2002.2,31(1),8-11.
[29]王志强,洪嘉振,杨辉.碰撞检测问题研究综述[J].软件学报,1999.5,10(5),545-551.
[30]申玉斌,蔡勇,华才健.虚拟环境中的碰撞检测技术的研究与应用[J].交通与计算机,2005,23(1),74-78.
[31]周前祥,姜世忠,姜国华.虚拟现实技术的研究现状与进展[J].计算机仿真,2003,20(7),1-4.
[32]成珙,刘小江,张文林.当前军事仿真领域内新技术的应用与发展[J].计算机仿真,2004,21(2),1-3.
[33]巩建华,李涛,王卫平,宋瑞丽.导弹尾焰及爆炸效果的实现方法[J].火炮发射与控制学报,2004,3,33-36.
[34]王继洲,顾耀林.火焰的快速模拟[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.2007,19(1),102-107.
[35]张芹,吴慧中,谢隽毅,张正军.基于粒子系统的火焰模型及其生成方法研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.200l,13(1),78-82.
[36]许敏,张永生,郑战辉.粒子系统在战场环境仿真中队飞机尾焰的模拟[J].测绘学院学报,2004,21(4),289-291.
[37]李宁,彭晓源,马继峰,冯勤.虚拟作战战场环境的研究与实现[J].系统仿真学报,2003,15(7),969-972.
[38]刘耀周,张锡恩.基于粒子系统的导弹飞行航迹及烟雾的特效生成[J].计算机工程,2004,30(1),174-176
[39]Reeves W.T.Particle System;A Technique for Modeling a Class of Fuzzy Objects.Computer Graphics,1983,17(3);359-376.
[40]Richard S.Wright,Jr.Benjamin Lipchak.OpenGL 超级宝典[M].人民邮电出版社,2005.
[41]Michael D.Proctor,Justin C.Gubler.Military Simulation Worlds and Organizational Learning[C].Winter Simulation Conference,1998,Washionton.D.C 773-779.
[42]Michael D.Proctor,Justin C.Gubler.Military Simulation World and Organizational Learning[C].Proceedings of the 1998 Winter Simulation Conference.1998,Washionton.D C.
[43]Chen J X,Da N Vittoria Lobo,Hughes C E,etc.Real-Time Fluid Simulation in a Dynamic Virtual Environment[J].IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1997,17(3);52-61.
[44]Reeves W.T,etc.Approximate and Probabilistic Algorithm for Shading and Rendering Structured Particle System[J].Computer Graphics.1985,19(3);313-322.
[2]管华.战术导弹战场仿真系统的研究[D].郑州,解放军信息工程大学测绘学院.
[3]刘扬.虚拟战场环境三维可视化关键技术与实现[D].长沙,国防科技大学,2001.
[4]梁炳成,王恒霖,郑燕红.军用仿真技术的发展动向和展望[J].系统仿真学报,2001.1,13(1),18-21.
[5]张茂军.虚拟现实系统[M].北京;科学出版社,2002;181.
[6]邹湘军,孙健,何汉武,郑德涛等.虚拟现实技术的演变发展与展望[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(9),1905-1909.
[7]唐凤举等.现代仿真技术与应用[M].北京;国防工业出版社,2001.
[8]李庆民,刘君,张志华.武器系统仿真模型的可信性验证方法研究[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(12),3380-3382.
[9]胡峰,孙国基.航天仿真技术的现状及展望[J].系统仿真学报,1999年,10(2),83-88.
[10]杨硕,蔡磊.系统仿真技术与应用探讨[J].中国科教博览,2005,6期,61-62.
[11]王扬.现代训练仿真器技术的发展[J].计算机仿真,2003,20(1),9-13.
[12]董战鲲,曹青.MultiGen建模技术在视景仿真中的研究与应用[J].电子技术应用,2006,32(2),14-17.
[13]江世英,时银水,朱岩等.某型小高炮系统抗击巡航导弹的仿真研究[J],电光与控制.2005,12(3);57-58.
[14]张传富.虚拟高炮训练仿真系统的设计与实现[D],长沙,国防科学技术大学.
[15]潘振宽,崔树娟,张继萍等.基于层次包围盒的碰撞检测方法[J].青岛大学学报(自然科学版),2005,18(1);71-72.
[16]魏迎梅,吴泉源,石教英.碰撞检测技术综述[J].计算机工程与科学,2001,23(2),44-47.
[17]丁志磊.基于OBB包围盒的快速碰撞检测[D].兰州,兰州理工大学.
[18]张建民.虚拟装配集成环境及其关键技术研究[D].西安,西安交通大学.
[19]冯善达,刘怡昕.虚拟战场环境中典型碰撞问题研究[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(6),1582-1584.
[20]邢卫卫,李凤霞,战守义.基于OpenGVS的城区漫游系统的开发[J],2005,25(3),727-728.
[21]陶定峰.虚拟战场环境生成技术研究[D].南京,南京理工大学.
[22]杨冰,鲁敏.基于景物特征的粒子系统建模技术[J].计算机应用研究,2000,20-22.
[23]谢隽毅,张芹,吴慧中.一个基于粒子系统的战场火焰模型及其实现[J].系统仿真学报,200l,13(5),596-598.
[24]马登武,叶文,邓建求,曲晓燕.一种简便高效的导弹尾焰的绘制算法[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(3),663-665.
[25]王立博,杨新.一种便携式导弹烟雾的实时仿真方法[J].微型电脑应用,2006,22(5),1-5.
[26]高颖,金岩通,杨永强,黄建国.虚拟视景系统中粒子系统的接口设计与实现[J].系统仿真学报,2006.18(2),384-386.
[27]郭齐胜,董志明.战场环境仿真[M].北京;国防工业出版社,2005.
[28]游雄.基于虚拟现实技术的战场环境仿真[J].测绘学报,2002.2,31(1),8-11.
[29]王志强,洪嘉振,杨辉.碰撞检测问题研究综述[J].软件学报,1999.5,10(5),545-551.
[30]申玉斌,蔡勇,华才健.虚拟环境中的碰撞检测技术的研究与应用[J].交通与计算机,2005,23(1),74-78.
[31]周前祥,姜世忠,姜国华.虚拟现实技术的研究现状与进展[J].计算机仿真,2003,20(7),1-4.
[32]成珙,刘小江,张文林.当前军事仿真领域内新技术的应用与发展[J].计算机仿真,2004,21(2),1-3.
[33]巩建华,李涛,王卫平,宋瑞丽.导弹尾焰及爆炸效果的实现方法[J].火炮发射与控制学报,2004,3,33-36.
[34]王继洲,顾耀林.火焰的快速模拟[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.2007,19(1),102-107.
[35]张芹,吴慧中,谢隽毅,张正军.基于粒子系统的火焰模型及其生成方法研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.200l,13(1),78-82.
[36]许敏,张永生,郑战辉.粒子系统在战场环境仿真中队飞机尾焰的模拟[J].测绘学院学报,2004,21(4),289-291.
[37]李宁,彭晓源,马继峰,冯勤.虚拟作战战场环境的研究与实现[J].系统仿真学报,2003,15(7),969-972.
[38]刘耀周,张锡恩.基于粒子系统的导弹飞行航迹及烟雾的特效生成[J].计算机工程,2004,30(1),174-176
[39]Reeves W.T.Particle System;A Technique for Modeling a Class of Fuzzy Objects.Computer Graphics,1983,17(3);359-376.
[40]Richard S.Wright,Jr.Benjamin Lipchak.OpenGL 超级宝典[M].人民邮电出版社,2005.
[41]Michael D.Proctor,Justin C.Gubler.Military Simulation Worlds and Organizational Learning[C].Winter Simulation Conference,1998,Washionton.D.C 773-779.
[42]Michael D.Proctor,Justin C.Gubler.Military Simulation World and Organizational Learning[C].Proceedings of the 1998 Winter Simulation Conference.1998,Washionton.D C.
[43]Chen J X,Da N Vittoria Lobo,Hughes C E,etc.Real-Time Fluid Simulation in a Dynamic Virtual Environment[J].IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1997,17(3);52-61.
[44]Reeves W.T,etc.Approximate and Probabilistic Algorithm for Shading and Rendering Structured Particle System[J].Computer Graphics.1985,19(3);313-322.