油页岩地层取心钻具与泥浆体系实验研究
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摘要
随着石油资源的日益短缺,人们把目光转向了一种石油能源的替代品-油页岩,通过开发油页岩来提取页岩油。我国有着丰富的油页岩资源,充分合理利用油页岩资源变得更为重要。油页岩是一种腐泥煤,在勘探中存在井壁不稳定与取心率、取心质量偏低等一系列问题。提高取心率与保持井壁稳定性是对油页岩充分评价的关键性技术。
本论文以地质大调查项目“难钻进地层新型钻探设备器具及工艺研究”中的油页岩取心钻具与开采工艺研究为依据,通过设计一套新型的取心钻具和新型的泥浆体系来使得油页岩勘探中不仅井壁稳定,而且钻进速率高,取心质量好,达到更好的经济效益。
论文分为取心钻具和泥浆两部分,通过理论分析到实验的方法来完成取心钻具的设计与泥浆体系的建立。在钻具部分中通过参考、阅读国内外钻具文献设计了一套投球压卡式单动双管取心钻具,并通过室内试验进行了改进与优化。在泥浆体系方面,通过参考国内外泥页岩与泥浆作用的理论分析文献,结合当前环保形势,建立了一种聚合醇泥浆体系。在室内通过正交实验方法提出了其最佳性能的配方,并通过页岩膨胀与高温回收实验对其进行评价。
通过室内实验,取心钻具与泥浆体系达到了设计的目的。
With the growing shortage of oil resources ,people turn to a substitute for petroleum energy—oil shale. Through the development of oil shale to extract the shale oil. China is rich in oil shale resources, now full and reasonable use of oil shale resources has become more important. Oil shale is a rotten peat ,so, a range of issues about borehole instability、take core rate and take core high quality exist in the exploration. Increased core rate and to maintain borehole stability obtained is crucial to fully evaluate the oil shale.
Paper based on Geological survey of this thesis project "Formation of new drilling equipment of difficult drilling apparatus and Technology" in the oil shale core drill and mining technology, by designing a new coring drill equipment and a new mud system to make oil shale exploration borehole not only stability but also the high rate of drilling, core quality, achieve better economic efficiency.
Paper is divided into two parts, core drill equipment and mud system. Through theoretical analysis to experimental method to complete the design of core drilling and mud system. In the part of core drill ,reading and referring a large number of documents between home and abroad and designing a pitching drill press card single-action double barrel core drilling equipment. And through laboratory tests to improving and optimizing the core drilling equipment. In the mud system part, through reference the literature of the role of domestic shaleand mud theoretical analysis ,with the current environment situation designing a mud system of polyol slurry system. Through experimental method in the indoor to presented its best performance of the formulation and adoption of shale swelling and high temperature recovery test to evaluate it.
Through lab experiment, the core drilling equipment and the mud system achieve the purpose.
本论文以地质大调查项目“难钻进地层新型钻探设备器具及工艺研究”中的油页岩取心钻具与开采工艺研究为依据,通过设计一套新型的取心钻具和新型的泥浆体系来使得油页岩勘探中不仅井壁稳定,而且钻进速率高,取心质量好,达到更好的经济效益。
论文分为取心钻具和泥浆两部分,通过理论分析到实验的方法来完成取心钻具的设计与泥浆体系的建立。在钻具部分中通过参考、阅读国内外钻具文献设计了一套投球压卡式单动双管取心钻具,并通过室内试验进行了改进与优化。在泥浆体系方面,通过参考国内外泥页岩与泥浆作用的理论分析文献,结合当前环保形势,建立了一种聚合醇泥浆体系。在室内通过正交实验方法提出了其最佳性能的配方,并通过页岩膨胀与高温回收实验对其进行评价。
通过室内实验,取心钻具与泥浆体系达到了设计的目的。
With the growing shortage of oil resources ,people turn to a substitute for petroleum energy—oil shale. Through the development of oil shale to extract the shale oil. China is rich in oil shale resources, now full and reasonable use of oil shale resources has become more important. Oil shale is a rotten peat ,so, a range of issues about borehole instability、take core rate and take core high quality exist in the exploration. Increased core rate and to maintain borehole stability obtained is crucial to fully evaluate the oil shale.
Paper based on Geological survey of this thesis project "Formation of new drilling equipment of difficult drilling apparatus and Technology" in the oil shale core drill and mining technology, by designing a new coring drill equipment and a new mud system to make oil shale exploration borehole not only stability but also the high rate of drilling, core quality, achieve better economic efficiency.
Paper is divided into two parts, core drill equipment and mud system. Through theoretical analysis to experimental method to complete the design of core drilling and mud system. In the part of core drill ,reading and referring a large number of documents between home and abroad and designing a pitching drill press card single-action double barrel core drilling equipment. And through laboratory tests to improving and optimizing the core drilling equipment. In the mud system part, through reference the literature of the role of domestic shaleand mud theoretical analysis ,with the current environment situation designing a mud system of polyol slurry system. Through experimental method in the indoor to presented its best performance of the formulation and adoption of shale swelling and high temperature recovery test to evaluate it.
Through lab experiment, the core drilling equipment and the mud system achieve the purpose.
引文
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Golubev N . .Solid heat carrier technology for oil shale retorting .Oil Shale ,2003,20(35):324-332
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Soric T ,M arinescu P,H uelke R.Silicate-based drilling fluids de—liver optimum shale inhibition and wellbore stability[R].SPE87133,2004
Twynam A J,Caldwel P A,Glycol-enhanced water-based muds :case history todemonstrate improved drilling eficiency in tectonicalsh℃ssed~ales[Z].SPE/IADC 27451,1994
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Golubev N . .Solid heat carrier technology for oil shale retorting .Oil Shale ,2003,20(35):324-332
G. V. Chilingarian and P. Vorabutr. Drilling and drilling fluids . Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company,1981
Hitoshi F Stotosh O Hirdiko T Natsuo H.Operation performance of a small air-lift pump for conveying solid particles.ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology.2003
Jachnik R P,Green P.Horizontal well dril-in fluid utilizing alcohol ethoxylate[Z].SPE 28963,1995
Oort E V,Bland R G,Howard S K,Wiersma R J,Improving HPHT stability ofwater based driling fluids[Z].SPE/IADC 37605,1997
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Reide P,SPE and Santos H.Novel Drilling,Completion and Workover Fluids for Depleted Zones:Avoiding Losses,Fornation Damage and Stuck Pipe.SPE/IADC85326
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Soric T ,M arinescu P,H uelke R.Silicate-based drilling fluids de—liver optimum shale inhibition and wellbore stability[R].SPE87133,2004
Twynam A J,Caldwel P A,Glycol-enhanced water-based muds :case history todemonstrate improved drilling eficiency in tectonicalsh℃ssed~ales[Z].SPE/IADC 27451,1994
Vinegar H. .Shell,s in-suit conversion process for oil shale .26thOil Shale Symposium ,Paper No.5A,Colorado School of Mines.Golden,Denver,USA,2006
Veiderma M. .Estonian oil shale -Resources and usage .Oil Shale ,2003.20(35):295-303
Whitebay L E·Improved coring and core-handling procedures for the unconsolidated sands of the green canyon area, Gulf of Mexico. SPE 1538
陈乐亮,多元醇水基钻井液体系综述[J].钻井液与完井液.2001,18(3):30-37.
陈娜,朱磊,从常奎.厚松散层钻探工艺技术.陕西:陕西地质.2007,25(2)
陈应泰,刘文彬.国外油页岩综合利用的进展.地球科学进展.1992,7(2)
迟玉亮.奇偶齿鱼脊式聚晶钻头的设计及在油页岩地层的钻进效果[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2007,34(3):51-53
丁锐.硅酸盐钻井液防塌性能的室内研究[J ] .油田化学,1998 ,15 (1) : 225.
懂明利.适用于松散地层的玻璃钢取心工具.2004,11(15)
傅春,颜恩锋.采矿新技术-钻孔水力开采技术.矿冶工程.2004,24(4)
冯京海,李祥银,李家库,孙金声,徐同台等.成膜水基钻井液技术研究与应用.钻井液技术文集.石油工业出版社.2005,173—180
郭健康,鄢捷年.硅酸盐钻井液体系的研究与应用.石油钻采工艺.2003,(5)
郭健康,鄢捷年.硅酸盐钻井液体系的研究与应用[J ] .石油钻采工艺, 2003 ,25 (5) : 20222.
何远信,夏柏如,赵尔信.环境科学钻探取样研究.现代地质.2005,19(25)
黄汉仁,杨坤鹏,罗平亚.泥浆工艺原理.北京:石油工业出版社,1981
钱家麟,王剑秋,李术元.世界油页岩利用及发展趋势.吉林大学学报(地球科学版).2006,36(6)
金军斌,于忠厚,孟庆生.新型成膜防塌剂MFT-1的研究与应用.西部探矿工程.2002,2
李海石,符国强.钻井取心技术.北京:石油工业出版社.1993,78
李生红,丁祥发.中国煤炭地质钻探发展五十年.中国煤田地质.2003,15(6)
李荣华,刘雨晴.泥页岩水化膨胀测定新方法.钻井液与完井液.1997
林喜斌,孙金声,苏义脑.水基半透膜钻井液技术的研究与应用.钻井液技术文集.石油工业出版社.2005,165-172
刘广志.金刚石钻探手册.北京:地质出版社.1991
刘想君,罗平亚.泥岩地层井壁稳定性研究.天然气工业.1997,17(1)
刘晓阳,姜德英,杨爱军.松散岩层钻探技术运用研究进展及主要成果.铀矿地质.2005,21(3)
刘跃进.岩心钻探设备的发展与现状.探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程).2007,1
刘玉石,白家址,黄荣樽,周煜辉.硬脆性泥页岩井壁问题研究.石油学报.1998,19(1)
刘招君,叶松青等.中国油页岩资源现状.吉林大学学报(地球科学版).2006,36(6)
罗健生,徐绍成,王雪山,田荣剑.硅酸盐钻井液对泥页岩地层井眼稳定性影响研究.钻井液与完井液.2006,23(2)
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楼日新.钻探新技术的开发与运用研究.水力发电.2001,8
吕开河,高锦屏,孙明波.多元醇钻井液高温流变性研究[J].石油钻探技术.2OOO,28(6):23.25
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