吉林省高校冬季体育课现状调查与对策研究
摘要
随着科技的进步、社会的不断发展,我国社会主义建设的不断前进,社会需要大量有知识有文化健康的社会主义建设的人才。为了适应新世纪社会主义我国经济发展的需求,高校必须培养出高质量的专门人才。为此,我国高等教育正进行着向全面素质教育的改革。高校体育是高等教育的重要组成部分,是对大学生进行素质教育的一个重要方面,因而高校体育教学也必须进行改革。高校体育课是学生接受学校体育教育的最后阶段,也是他们体育观念、体育习惯和运动技能形成的最后阶段。这个阶段的体育教育水平的高低,很大程度上决定着他们走向社会后能否经常参加体育锻炼,决定着他们未来的生活方式,也决定着能否为祖国健康工作50年,幸福生活一辈子。
冬季体育课是高校体育工作中的重要一环。然而,通过资料显示,我国高校体育教学改革以来,大部分学校都压缩了冬季上课时间,将每周一次的体育教学压缩到两周一次,提前结课。或者改变上课的方式以理论教学替代室外体育课。这些都不利于学生冬季锻炼习惯的养成和冬季运动技能的掌握。也就无法达到发展学生的生理、心理、社会适应能力的目标。
因此笔者通过对于吉林省高校冬季体育课的现状调查和研究,找出了吉林省高校在冬季体育课上主要问题:
1.冬季体育课安排在7.8节的学时占总调查的20.5%。说明学校对于冬季体育教学重视不够,直接影响冬季体育教学的质量和对于学生健康意识的培养。在教学时限上,大部分教师认为冬季体育课教学时限应在60—70分钟左右,现在90分钟的体育教学时限过长,不利于学生身体健康的发展。
2.吉林省高校冬季体育课主要集中在室外进行,室外运动场地基本上可以满足学生上课的需要。但是室内场地较少,个别学校冬季体育课在室内进行,由于教学场地的限制,学生活动范围和运动量较小,室内空气质量也较差,不利于学生的身体健康发展。
3.吉林省高校冬季体育课教学内容主要以足球、篮球、排球、武术、毽球、游戏为主。特色冬季项目冰雪运动开展较差,只有个别院校开设滑冰课。作为北方特色的滑雪课只有极少几所高校开设。
本研究根据实际情况提出了以下建议:吉林省各高校应根据冬季的实际情况适时安排上课时间和合理调整教学时限,适应冬季体育课的实际情况,达到提高学生身体健康的目的。吉林省各高校应加强室内场馆的建设和室外场地的管理,以满足学生冬季体育课教学的需要。应积极开展北方特色的冰雪运动。充分利用场地资源,利用丰富多彩的运动项目激发学生的运动兴趣。吉林省各高校应加强学生的健康知识教育,加强教师能力的培养。进而从多个方面激发学生的冬季运动兴趣。
With the advancement of technology, the continuous development of the continuous progress of our socialist construction, the demand for knowledgeable cultural health of socialist construction personnel. In order to adapt to the new century, the needs of socialist market economy, universities must develop a high-quality expertise. To this end, higher education is carried out in the overall quality of education reforms. PE is an important part of higher education, the quality of college students is an important aspect of education, which college physical education must be reformed. College physical education students to receive school physical education is the final stage is their sports concepts, sports habits and movement skills form the final stage. This phase of the high and low levels of physical education, largely determines whether they are to the society regularly participate in physical exercise, determine their future way of life, but also determines whether the health work for the motherland 50 years of happy life forever.
Winter Sports Work in physical education is an important part. However, through information, Physical Education in China since the reform, most schools have reduced the winter class schedule will be compressed once a week to two weeks of physical education time, ahead of knot classes. Or change the approach to the theory of class teaching an alternative to outdoor physical education. These are not conducive to the students exercise habits in winter and winter sports skills to master. Students also can not reach the development of physical, psychological, social adaptation capacities.
So I Jilin University for the winter by the status of the investigation and study physical education, Jilin University identified the main problem in winter sports:
1. Winter physical arrangement of the hours in 7.8 20.5% of the total survey. That schools teaching due to inadequate attention to winter sports, winter sports education directly affects the quality and health awareness training for students. Time in teaching, most teachers think that teaching physical education time in winter should be 60 ? -70 minutes, and now 90 minutes of physical education time is too long, is not conducive to the development of student health.
2. Jilin Colleges'Sports mainly concentrated in the outdoors, outdoor sports venues can basically meet the needs of students in class. However, few indoor venues, individual schools, physical education indoors in winter, due to space constraints of teaching, student activities, scope and exercise less, poor indoor air quality is not conducive to the development of the health of students.
3. Jilin University Physical Education in winter mainly in football, basketball, volleyball, wushu, shuttlecock, ice skating, play-based. Campaign features less winter snow and ice, only the individual institutions to set up skating. Characteristics as the northern ski school class has not yet opened.
In this study, the actual situation according to the following recommendations: Jilin City colleges and universities should be based on the winter schedule of the actual situation in a timely and reasonable time to adjust teaching to meet the actual situation of PE in winter, to improve student health purposes. Jilin City colleges and universities should strengthen the construction of indoor stadiums and outdoor venues, management, teaching physical education to meet the needs of students in the winter. Features should be active in the north winter sports. Make full use of space resources, using a variety of sports stimulate students interest in sport. Jilin City colleges and universities should enhance the health education, enhanced ability. Thus in many ways to stimulate students interest in winter sports.
冬季体育课是高校体育工作中的重要一环。然而,通过资料显示,我国高校体育教学改革以来,大部分学校都压缩了冬季上课时间,将每周一次的体育教学压缩到两周一次,提前结课。或者改变上课的方式以理论教学替代室外体育课。这些都不利于学生冬季锻炼习惯的养成和冬季运动技能的掌握。也就无法达到发展学生的生理、心理、社会适应能力的目标。
因此笔者通过对于吉林省高校冬季体育课的现状调查和研究,找出了吉林省高校在冬季体育课上主要问题:
1.冬季体育课安排在7.8节的学时占总调查的20.5%。说明学校对于冬季体育教学重视不够,直接影响冬季体育教学的质量和对于学生健康意识的培养。在教学时限上,大部分教师认为冬季体育课教学时限应在60—70分钟左右,现在90分钟的体育教学时限过长,不利于学生身体健康的发展。
2.吉林省高校冬季体育课主要集中在室外进行,室外运动场地基本上可以满足学生上课的需要。但是室内场地较少,个别学校冬季体育课在室内进行,由于教学场地的限制,学生活动范围和运动量较小,室内空气质量也较差,不利于学生的身体健康发展。
3.吉林省高校冬季体育课教学内容主要以足球、篮球、排球、武术、毽球、游戏为主。特色冬季项目冰雪运动开展较差,只有个别院校开设滑冰课。作为北方特色的滑雪课只有极少几所高校开设。
本研究根据实际情况提出了以下建议:吉林省各高校应根据冬季的实际情况适时安排上课时间和合理调整教学时限,适应冬季体育课的实际情况,达到提高学生身体健康的目的。吉林省各高校应加强室内场馆的建设和室外场地的管理,以满足学生冬季体育课教学的需要。应积极开展北方特色的冰雪运动。充分利用场地资源,利用丰富多彩的运动项目激发学生的运动兴趣。吉林省各高校应加强学生的健康知识教育,加强教师能力的培养。进而从多个方面激发学生的冬季运动兴趣。
With the advancement of technology, the continuous development of the continuous progress of our socialist construction, the demand for knowledgeable cultural health of socialist construction personnel. In order to adapt to the new century, the needs of socialist market economy, universities must develop a high-quality expertise. To this end, higher education is carried out in the overall quality of education reforms. PE is an important part of higher education, the quality of college students is an important aspect of education, which college physical education must be reformed. College physical education students to receive school physical education is the final stage is their sports concepts, sports habits and movement skills form the final stage. This phase of the high and low levels of physical education, largely determines whether they are to the society regularly participate in physical exercise, determine their future way of life, but also determines whether the health work for the motherland 50 years of happy life forever.
Winter Sports Work in physical education is an important part. However, through information, Physical Education in China since the reform, most schools have reduced the winter class schedule will be compressed once a week to two weeks of physical education time, ahead of knot classes. Or change the approach to the theory of class teaching an alternative to outdoor physical education. These are not conducive to the students exercise habits in winter and winter sports skills to master. Students also can not reach the development of physical, psychological, social adaptation capacities.
So I Jilin University for the winter by the status of the investigation and study physical education, Jilin University identified the main problem in winter sports:
1. Winter physical arrangement of the hours in 7.8 20.5% of the total survey. That schools teaching due to inadequate attention to winter sports, winter sports education directly affects the quality and health awareness training for students. Time in teaching, most teachers think that teaching physical education time in winter should be 60 ? -70 minutes, and now 90 minutes of physical education time is too long, is not conducive to the development of student health.
2. Jilin Colleges'Sports mainly concentrated in the outdoors, outdoor sports venues can basically meet the needs of students in class. However, few indoor venues, individual schools, physical education indoors in winter, due to space constraints of teaching, student activities, scope and exercise less, poor indoor air quality is not conducive to the development of the health of students.
3. Jilin University Physical Education in winter mainly in football, basketball, volleyball, wushu, shuttlecock, ice skating, play-based. Campaign features less winter snow and ice, only the individual institutions to set up skating. Characteristics as the northern ski school class has not yet opened.
In this study, the actual situation according to the following recommendations: Jilin City colleges and universities should be based on the winter schedule of the actual situation in a timely and reasonable time to adjust teaching to meet the actual situation of PE in winter, to improve student health purposes. Jilin City colleges and universities should strengthen the construction of indoor stadiums and outdoor venues, management, teaching physical education to meet the needs of students in the winter. Features should be active in the north winter sports. Make full use of space resources, using a variety of sports stimulate students interest in sport. Jilin City colleges and universities should enhance the health education, enhanced ability. Thus in many ways to stimulate students interest in winter sports.
引文
[1]赖天德.学校体育改革热点探究[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2003.
[2]龚正伟.学校体育改革与发展论[M].北京:北京体育大学出版礼,2002.
[3]曲宗湖.学校体育教学探索[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2000.
[4]张力为.体育科学研究方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[5]王维群.营养学[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2001.
[6]柳海民.教育原理[M]. .东北师范大学出版社,19998.1
[7]卢光镇.体育的社会文化审视[M].北京体育大学出版社,1998.1
[8]陈旭远.课程与教学论〔M〕.长春:东北师范大学出版社,2002.
[9]教育部,国家体育总局.关于进一步加强学校体育工作,切实提高学生健康素质的意见[J].中国学校体育,2007(l).
[10]郭福德.北方高校冰雪教学模式设计与构思[J].冰雪运动,2004.
[11]董少伟,于雷.黑龙江省普通高校开展冰雪运动课程的研究[J].冰雪运动, 2004(5).
[12]郭时萍.北方高校冬季体育教学创新与大学生终身体育意识的培养[J].冰雪运动,2006(1).
[13]王军生.论高校冬季体育教学环境要素与作用[J].冰雪运动, 2005(1). [11]王国福.高校冬季体育教学改革中若干问题的思考[J].冰雪运动, 2005(2).
[14]郭志强.对高校冬季体育教学目标的思考[J].冰雪运动,2006(2).
[15]郭秋生.影响冰上课教学不利因素的分析与对策研究[J].冰雪运动, 2005(3).
[16]杨桦.冬季大学生课外体育活动的调查与分析[J].冰雪运动,2005(5).
[17]李慧茹.新课程理念下北方冬季体育课程内容改革的探讨[J].冰雪运动, 2007(2).
[18]马明珠.新疆学校体育设备与冬季授课现状的调查研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2005(9).
[19]袁红.黑龙江普通高校开设滑雪课的可行性分析[J].哈尔滨职业技术学院学报,2006(3).
[20]阎莉沙.论冰雪运动对大学生心理健康发展的影响[J].冰雪运动,2007 (3).
[21]王辉,王学满.冬季体育锻炼对全面提高学生身体素质的重要作用[J].冰雪运动,2003(12).
[22]杨李丽,李大志.充分利用冬季体育锻炼提高大学生身体素质[J].冰雪运动,2000(12).
[23]陈宝海.对北方高校冬季开设滑雪课的现状调查及对策研究[J].冰雪运动,2005(1).
[24]赵小翠,卢庆华.拓展冬季体育课的思路刍议[J].冰雪运动,2000(1).
[25]王辉.冬季体育锻炼对全面提高学生身体素质的重要作用[J].冰雪运动, 2003(4).
[26]李斌全.浅谈北方地区冬季体育课教材教法的选择与运用[J].职业技术教育研究,2006(12).
[27]李福祥.黑龙江高校雪上体育运动的研究与对策[J].冰雪运动, 2004(5).
[28]宋林.对黑龙江高校冬季体育现状的调查及对策[J].冰雪运动, 2002(2).
[29]杨李丽,李大志.充分利用冬季体育锻炼提高大学生身体素质[J].冰雪运动, 2000(12).
[30]曲新艺.北方高校冬季体育课程资源开发的研究[J].冰雪运动,2006(3).
[31]The impact of video instruction on the performance of male university students in beginning badminton. Journal of Biomechanics.2006
[32]Effect of head position on badminton players' reaction times, movement times and kinematic elements of running backward . Journal of Biomechanics.1989
[33]Dynamique destructures souples en mouvement transitoire. Application aux raquettes de badminton: Transient behaviour of flexible structures. Application to badminton rackets . Mécanique & Industries.2003
[34]Motivation and level of risk in male and female recreational sport participation .Personality and Individual Differences. Personality and Individual Differences.2004
[35] Could this unusual scaphoid fracture occurring in a badminton player be a stress fracture. Chirurgie de la Main.2009
[2]龚正伟.学校体育改革与发展论[M].北京:北京体育大学出版礼,2002.
[3]曲宗湖.学校体育教学探索[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2000.
[4]张力为.体育科学研究方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[5]王维群.营养学[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2001.
[6]柳海民.教育原理[M]. .东北师范大学出版社,19998.1
[7]卢光镇.体育的社会文化审视[M].北京体育大学出版社,1998.1
[8]陈旭远.课程与教学论〔M〕.长春:东北师范大学出版社,2002.
[9]教育部,国家体育总局.关于进一步加强学校体育工作,切实提高学生健康素质的意见[J].中国学校体育,2007(l).
[10]郭福德.北方高校冰雪教学模式设计与构思[J].冰雪运动,2004.
[11]董少伟,于雷.黑龙江省普通高校开展冰雪运动课程的研究[J].冰雪运动, 2004(5).
[12]郭时萍.北方高校冬季体育教学创新与大学生终身体育意识的培养[J].冰雪运动,2006(1).
[13]王军生.论高校冬季体育教学环境要素与作用[J].冰雪运动, 2005(1). [11]王国福.高校冬季体育教学改革中若干问题的思考[J].冰雪运动, 2005(2).
[14]郭志强.对高校冬季体育教学目标的思考[J].冰雪运动,2006(2).
[15]郭秋生.影响冰上课教学不利因素的分析与对策研究[J].冰雪运动, 2005(3).
[16]杨桦.冬季大学生课外体育活动的调查与分析[J].冰雪运动,2005(5).
[17]李慧茹.新课程理念下北方冬季体育课程内容改革的探讨[J].冰雪运动, 2007(2).
[18]马明珠.新疆学校体育设备与冬季授课现状的调查研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2005(9).
[19]袁红.黑龙江普通高校开设滑雪课的可行性分析[J].哈尔滨职业技术学院学报,2006(3).
[20]阎莉沙.论冰雪运动对大学生心理健康发展的影响[J].冰雪运动,2007 (3).
[21]王辉,王学满.冬季体育锻炼对全面提高学生身体素质的重要作用[J].冰雪运动,2003(12).
[22]杨李丽,李大志.充分利用冬季体育锻炼提高大学生身体素质[J].冰雪运动,2000(12).
[23]陈宝海.对北方高校冬季开设滑雪课的现状调查及对策研究[J].冰雪运动,2005(1).
[24]赵小翠,卢庆华.拓展冬季体育课的思路刍议[J].冰雪运动,2000(1).
[25]王辉.冬季体育锻炼对全面提高学生身体素质的重要作用[J].冰雪运动, 2003(4).
[26]李斌全.浅谈北方地区冬季体育课教材教法的选择与运用[J].职业技术教育研究,2006(12).
[27]李福祥.黑龙江高校雪上体育运动的研究与对策[J].冰雪运动, 2004(5).
[28]宋林.对黑龙江高校冬季体育现状的调查及对策[J].冰雪运动, 2002(2).
[29]杨李丽,李大志.充分利用冬季体育锻炼提高大学生身体素质[J].冰雪运动, 2000(12).
[30]曲新艺.北方高校冬季体育课程资源开发的研究[J].冰雪运动,2006(3).
[31]The impact of video instruction on the performance of male university students in beginning badminton. Journal of Biomechanics.2006
[32]Effect of head position on badminton players' reaction times, movement times and kinematic elements of running backward . Journal of Biomechanics.1989
[33]Dynamique destructures souples en mouvement transitoire. Application aux raquettes de badminton: Transient behaviour of flexible structures. Application to badminton rackets . Mécanique & Industries.2003
[34]Motivation and level of risk in male and female recreational sport participation .Personality and Individual Differences. Personality and Individual Differences.2004
[35] Could this unusual scaphoid fracture occurring in a badminton player be a stress fracture. Chirurgie de la Main.2009