面向产品绿色设计的知识建模及应用技术研究
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摘要
绿色设计是传统产品设计的延伸,相比于后者,它具有涉及面广、技术体系庞杂、经验性强等特点,这使得企业在开展绿色设计时对设计知识的需求尤为强烈。然而,企业在绿色设计知识的管理和应用过程中遇到了许多问题,具体表现在：①绿色设计知识来源广、类型多,现有知识模型难以对其进行有效的有序化；②缺乏能支持绿色设计知识识别、获取及重用的知识模型；③缺少能适应绿色设计知识特点的知识表示方法；④主动知识服务不够,绿色设计者在知识检索上花费了大量精力。为此,本文对绿色设计知识建模及应用技术做了研究,主要内容如下：
第一章阐述了论文的研究背景,指出产品绿色设计的知识需求,对绿色产品设计知识的研究现状进行了分析和总结,在此基础上提出了论文所要研究的问题,最后给出了论文主要研究内容及组织结构。
第二章提出了绿色设计知识的分类方法,将其分为绿色设计领域知识、设计过程知识及设计结果知识三种类型,并分析了它们之间的相互关系。针对绿色设计领域知识,建立了知识多维空间模型和内容模型；针对绿色设计结果知识,建立了面向全生命周期的绿色产品集成模型。
第三章分析了绿色产品设计过程,利用基元理论在组织层和个人层对其进行了形式化描述,获取了绿色设计过程知识,并以此构建了绿色设计领域知识和绿色产品集成模型的联系；建立了设计者的知识结构模型和能力水平模型,研究了模型数据的获取方式以及用户的评价问题。
第四章首先提出了绿色设计领域本体的构建方法；然后对领域知识模型、绿色产品集成模型以及设计过程模型等进行了本体知识表示,分析并表达了设计过程中的潜在语义关系。最后,在知识表示的基础上,研究了基于描述逻辑和基于规则的推理方法,提出了集成SWRL和OWL的推理系统架构。
第五章在本体知识表示和推理的基础上,建立了绿色设计知识的推荐模型；通过提出基于粗糙集的推荐规则获取技术以及基于规则的个性化知识推荐方法,解决了绿色设计过程中的知识主动服务问题。
第六章以某型号自动裁床的绿色结构设计为例,验证了所建立的知识模型在绿色设计知识管理中的有效性和可行性,并结合企业实际需求开发了产品绿色设计知识管理原型系统。
第七章对全文进行了总结,并对课题未来的研究方向进行了展望.
Green design is an extension of traditional product design; compared to the latter, it has the characteristics of covering a wide range, technical complexity, highly relying on experience and so on, these make it has a more intense demand for design knowledge. However, enterprises have encountered difficulties in the management and application of green design knowledge:①the green design knowledge was difficult to be ordered by the existing knowledge model due to the sources of diversification, variety in types and heterogeneity;②lack of effective knowledge model to support the knowledge identification, acquisition and reuse in green design;③lack of knowledge representation which was suitable for green design;④lack of active knowledge service, the green designers spent a lot of time and energy on knowledge retrieval. To solve them, the technology of green design knowledge modeling and its application are studied. The main contents are as follows:
Chapter I described the research background, pointed out that the knowledge needs of green design, reviewed the related status of green product design knowledge. On the basis of literature reviewing, research problems were presented. And finally the main research contents and organizational structure were shown up.
Chapter Ⅱ presented the classification of green design knowledge, which was divided into three types:the domain knowledge, design process knowledge and design result knowledge, and analyzed the relationship between them. The multi-dimensional space and content model for the domain knowledge were established; the product lifecycle-oriented green product integration model was built for the design result knowledge.
Chapter III analyzed the green product design process, and formalized it in both organizational layer and individual layer using the primitive theory. By doing these, the green design process knowledge was obtained, and the gap between domain knowledge and product model was bridged. Also, the user knowledge structure model and user capability level model were established, and the data acquisition methods and user evaluation were studied.
Chapter IV firstly presented domain ontology construction method for green design, and used ontology to represent the models such as domain knowledge model, green product integration model, and design process knowledge. Then, the latent semantic relations in design process were analyzed and expressed. Finally, on the the basis of ontology representation, the reasoning based on Description Logic and rules was studied, and reasoning system architecture integrated SWRL and OWL was given.
Chapter Ⅴ established a recommendation system model for green design knowledge on the basis of the knowledge representation and reasoning. The problem of active knowledge service in design process was solved by proposing the rule acquisition technology based on rough sets and the personalized recommendation methods based on rules.
Chapter Ⅵ took the green design of an automatic cutting as an example to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed green design knowledge model. And then the prototype system for green design knowledge management was developed in combination with the actual demands of enterprise.
Chapter Ⅶ summarized the results of the study and suggested the possible research directions in the future.
第一章阐述了论文的研究背景,指出产品绿色设计的知识需求,对绿色产品设计知识的研究现状进行了分析和总结,在此基础上提出了论文所要研究的问题,最后给出了论文主要研究内容及组织结构。
第二章提出了绿色设计知识的分类方法,将其分为绿色设计领域知识、设计过程知识及设计结果知识三种类型,并分析了它们之间的相互关系。针对绿色设计领域知识,建立了知识多维空间模型和内容模型；针对绿色设计结果知识,建立了面向全生命周期的绿色产品集成模型。
第三章分析了绿色产品设计过程,利用基元理论在组织层和个人层对其进行了形式化描述,获取了绿色设计过程知识,并以此构建了绿色设计领域知识和绿色产品集成模型的联系；建立了设计者的知识结构模型和能力水平模型,研究了模型数据的获取方式以及用户的评价问题。
第四章首先提出了绿色设计领域本体的构建方法；然后对领域知识模型、绿色产品集成模型以及设计过程模型等进行了本体知识表示,分析并表达了设计过程中的潜在语义关系。最后,在知识表示的基础上,研究了基于描述逻辑和基于规则的推理方法,提出了集成SWRL和OWL的推理系统架构。
第五章在本体知识表示和推理的基础上,建立了绿色设计知识的推荐模型；通过提出基于粗糙集的推荐规则获取技术以及基于规则的个性化知识推荐方法,解决了绿色设计过程中的知识主动服务问题。
第六章以某型号自动裁床的绿色结构设计为例,验证了所建立的知识模型在绿色设计知识管理中的有效性和可行性,并结合企业实际需求开发了产品绿色设计知识管理原型系统。
第七章对全文进行了总结,并对课题未来的研究方向进行了展望.
Green design is an extension of traditional product design; compared to the latter, it has the characteristics of covering a wide range, technical complexity, highly relying on experience and so on, these make it has a more intense demand for design knowledge. However, enterprises have encountered difficulties in the management and application of green design knowledge:①the green design knowledge was difficult to be ordered by the existing knowledge model due to the sources of diversification, variety in types and heterogeneity;②lack of effective knowledge model to support the knowledge identification, acquisition and reuse in green design;③lack of knowledge representation which was suitable for green design;④lack of active knowledge service, the green designers spent a lot of time and energy on knowledge retrieval. To solve them, the technology of green design knowledge modeling and its application are studied. The main contents are as follows:
Chapter I described the research background, pointed out that the knowledge needs of green design, reviewed the related status of green product design knowledge. On the basis of literature reviewing, research problems were presented. And finally the main research contents and organizational structure were shown up.
Chapter Ⅱ presented the classification of green design knowledge, which was divided into three types:the domain knowledge, design process knowledge and design result knowledge, and analyzed the relationship between them. The multi-dimensional space and content model for the domain knowledge were established; the product lifecycle-oriented green product integration model was built for the design result knowledge.
Chapter III analyzed the green product design process, and formalized it in both organizational layer and individual layer using the primitive theory. By doing these, the green design process knowledge was obtained, and the gap between domain knowledge and product model was bridged. Also, the user knowledge structure model and user capability level model were established, and the data acquisition methods and user evaluation were studied.
Chapter IV firstly presented domain ontology construction method for green design, and used ontology to represent the models such as domain knowledge model, green product integration model, and design process knowledge. Then, the latent semantic relations in design process were analyzed and expressed. Finally, on the the basis of ontology representation, the reasoning based on Description Logic and rules was studied, and reasoning system architecture integrated SWRL and OWL was given.
Chapter Ⅴ established a recommendation system model for green design knowledge on the basis of the knowledge representation and reasoning. The problem of active knowledge service in design process was solved by proposing the rule acquisition technology based on rough sets and the personalized recommendation methods based on rules.
Chapter Ⅵ took the green design of an automatic cutting as an example to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed green design knowledge model. And then the prototype system for green design knowledge management was developed in combination with the actual demands of enterprise.
Chapter Ⅶ summarized the results of the study and suggested the possible research directions in the future.
引文
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