糖尿病与非糖尿病冠心病患者冠脉弥漫长病变经介入治疗的预后观察
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摘要
目的
以非糖尿病冠心病患者做对照组,观察冠心病合并糖尿病冠脉弥漫长病变患者经药物支架治疗一年后的预后。
方法
共入选238例经雷帕霉素药物涂层支架治疗的患者,糖尿病组77例(男性44例,女性33例,平均年龄61.79±10.62岁)；非糖尿病组161例(男性112例,女性49例,平均年龄60.37±11.21岁),均为冠脉弥漫长病变(病变长度大于20mm以上)。入选患者排除①合并其他心脏病,如扩张型心肌病、肥厚梗阻型心肌病、风湿性心脏病和甲亢型心脏病等；②既往有PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention)史;③肝、肾功能异常；④急性心梗一个月以内的患者(非ST段抬高型心梗除外)；⑤合并出血性疾病,不能耐受长期服用抗血小板药物；⑥合并严重感染、恶性肿瘤、血液系统和免疫系统等疾病。详细记录所有入选患者的姓名,性别,年龄,联系电话,入院时血压,血脂(LDL-C),是否吸烟,心脏彩超的E值,A值及左室射血分数(Left ventricular ejection fraction LVEF),冠脉病变部位、长度、平均支架数、支架管径、支架长度。通过电话、门诊随访记录一年后患者心脏不良事件(major adverse cardiac event MACE)的发生率,包括再发心绞痛,心肌梗死,冠脉搭桥及心源性死亡。门诊复查心脏超声记录二尖瓣血流频谱舒张早期速度E和舒张晚期速度A,以及左心室射血分数(LVEF),二尖瓣环室间隔和侧壁舒张早期峰速度Esep和Elat,两者的均值Ea。分别以二尖瓣血流频谱舒张早期和舒张晚期血流峰值之比E/A、Esep、Elat、Ea、E/Esep、E/Elat和E／Ea作为评价左心室舒张功能指标。所有数据采用SPSS16.0软件包处理,以P<0.05表示有统计学意义。
糖尿病组与非糖尿病组间的临床基本资料除LDL-C糖尿病组高于非糖尿病组外,其余均无无统计学差异。除糖尿病组一年后再发心绞痛发生率高于非糖尿病组外(P=0.029),有统计学差异,其他一年后再发心梗(P=0.732),冠脉搭桥手术(coronary artery bypass grafting CABG)(P=0.400),心源性死亡的发生率(P=0.448),左心室的功能(P=0.236)两组间均无统计学差异。两组患者治疗一年后EF值较一年前有明显的提高,糖尿病组治疗前后分别为52.74±11.70 vs 66.67±2.38；非糖尿病组分别为55.13±9.52 vs 66.12±3.33；E／A比值也由一年前的小于1改善到大于1,糖尿病组治疗前为0.70±0.19／0.85±0.21,治疗后为0.85±0.14／0.72±0.09；非糖尿病组治疗前为0.68±0.19／0.83±0.18,治疗后为0.85±0.18／0.73±0.09。
结论
糖尿病与非糖尿病冠心病患者冠脉弥漫长病变经介入治疗一年后,心肌梗死,CABG,心源性死亡发生率和左心室功能相当；而糖尿病组再发心绞痛的发生率高于非糖尿病组。糖尿病与非糖尿病冠心病患者冠脉弥漫长病变经雷帕霉素药物涂层支架治疗可以明显改善预后。
Objective
To observe the prognosis of diabetes and non-diabetic patients with coronary heart disease diffuse long lesions after sirolimus—eluting stents one year.
Methods
A total of 238 cases with coronary heart disease diffuse long lesions after sirolimus—eluting stents, including diabetic group of 77cases (male 44, female 33 cases, with an average age of 61.79±10.62 years):non-diabetic group of 161 cases (male 112 cases, and 49 females with a mean age of 60.37±11.21 years), are filled with long coronary lesions (lesion length greater than 20mm and above). Patients were excluded for the following reasons:①patients selected to exclude the merger of other heart disease, such as dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, rheumatic heart disease and hyperthyroidism heart disease;②history of PCI;③liver and kidney dysfunction;④acute myocardial infarction within one month (except for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction);⑤hemorrhagic disease can not tolerate long-term use of anti-platelet drugs;⑥associated with severe infections, malignancies, blood and immune systems and other diseases. Detailed record of all the selected patient's name, sex, age, telephone number, admission blood pressure, blood lipids (LDL-C), smoking, the heart of the E value of color Doppler ultrasound, A values and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), coronary artery lesion length, the number of stents. stent diameter, stent length. By phone, out-patient follow-up records of major adverse cardiac events(MACE) in patients after one year, including recurrent angina, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) and cardiac death. Review out-patient cardiac color Doppler ultrasound recording of early diastolic mitral flow velocity E and late diastolic velocity A. and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). interventricular septum and lateral mitral annular early diastolic peak velocity Esep and Elat. both The mean Ea. Respectively diastolic mitral flow peak early and late diastolic blood flow ratio of E/A. Esep, Elat. Ea, E/Esep. E/Elat and the E/Ea for evaluating left ventricular diastolic function parameters. All data used SPSS 16.0 package deal, to P<0.05 indicated statistical significance.
Results
The basic information of clinical from diabetic group and non-diabetic groups has not statistical difference, except LDL-C diabetes group was higher than non-diabetic group. In addition to the incidence of angina diabetic group is higher than non-diabetic group (P= 0.029), the others have not statistical difference between the two groups, myocardial infarction (P= 0.732). coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) (P= 0.400), the incidence of cardiac death (P= 0.448). left ventricular function (P= 0.236). After one year of therapy, the LVEF values is higher than a year ago,it has significantly improved, and diabetes before and after treatment were 52.74±11.70 vs 66.67±2.38; non-diabetic group were 55.13±9.52 vs 66.12±3.33; E/A ratio is also by less than 1 a year ago, improved to greater than 1, diabetic group before treatment 0.70±0.19/0.85±0.21, after treatment 0.85±0.14/0.72±0.09; non-diabetic group before treatment 0.68±0.19/0.83±0.18, after treatment 0.85±0.18/0.73±0.09.
Conclusion
Diabetes and non-diabetic patients with coronary diffuse long lesions after sirolimus—eluting stents one year, myocardial infarction, CABG, the incidence of cardiac death and left ventricular function are no difference, the incidence of angina diabetic group is higher than non-diabetic group. Diabetes and non-diabetic patients with coronary heart disease diffuse long coronary lesions after sirolimus—eluting stents can significantly improve the prognosis of one year.
以非糖尿病冠心病患者做对照组,观察冠心病合并糖尿病冠脉弥漫长病变患者经药物支架治疗一年后的预后。
方法
共入选238例经雷帕霉素药物涂层支架治疗的患者,糖尿病组77例(男性44例,女性33例,平均年龄61.79±10.62岁)；非糖尿病组161例(男性112例,女性49例,平均年龄60.37±11.21岁),均为冠脉弥漫长病变(病变长度大于20mm以上)。入选患者排除①合并其他心脏病,如扩张型心肌病、肥厚梗阻型心肌病、风湿性心脏病和甲亢型心脏病等；②既往有PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention)史;③肝、肾功能异常；④急性心梗一个月以内的患者(非ST段抬高型心梗除外)；⑤合并出血性疾病,不能耐受长期服用抗血小板药物；⑥合并严重感染、恶性肿瘤、血液系统和免疫系统等疾病。详细记录所有入选患者的姓名,性别,年龄,联系电话,入院时血压,血脂(LDL-C),是否吸烟,心脏彩超的E值,A值及左室射血分数(Left ventricular ejection fraction LVEF),冠脉病变部位、长度、平均支架数、支架管径、支架长度。通过电话、门诊随访记录一年后患者心脏不良事件(major adverse cardiac event MACE)的发生率,包括再发心绞痛,心肌梗死,冠脉搭桥及心源性死亡。门诊复查心脏超声记录二尖瓣血流频谱舒张早期速度E和舒张晚期速度A,以及左心室射血分数(LVEF),二尖瓣环室间隔和侧壁舒张早期峰速度Esep和Elat,两者的均值Ea。分别以二尖瓣血流频谱舒张早期和舒张晚期血流峰值之比E/A、Esep、Elat、Ea、E/Esep、E/Elat和E／Ea作为评价左心室舒张功能指标。所有数据采用SPSS16.0软件包处理,以P<0.05表示有统计学意义。
糖尿病组与非糖尿病组间的临床基本资料除LDL-C糖尿病组高于非糖尿病组外,其余均无无统计学差异。除糖尿病组一年后再发心绞痛发生率高于非糖尿病组外(P=0.029),有统计学差异,其他一年后再发心梗(P=0.732),冠脉搭桥手术(coronary artery bypass grafting CABG)(P=0.400),心源性死亡的发生率(P=0.448),左心室的功能(P=0.236)两组间均无统计学差异。两组患者治疗一年后EF值较一年前有明显的提高,糖尿病组治疗前后分别为52.74±11.70 vs 66.67±2.38；非糖尿病组分别为55.13±9.52 vs 66.12±3.33；E／A比值也由一年前的小于1改善到大于1,糖尿病组治疗前为0.70±0.19／0.85±0.21,治疗后为0.85±0.14／0.72±0.09；非糖尿病组治疗前为0.68±0.19／0.83±0.18,治疗后为0.85±0.18／0.73±0.09。
结论
糖尿病与非糖尿病冠心病患者冠脉弥漫长病变经介入治疗一年后,心肌梗死,CABG,心源性死亡发生率和左心室功能相当；而糖尿病组再发心绞痛的发生率高于非糖尿病组。糖尿病与非糖尿病冠心病患者冠脉弥漫长病变经雷帕霉素药物涂层支架治疗可以明显改善预后。
Objective
To observe the prognosis of diabetes and non-diabetic patients with coronary heart disease diffuse long lesions after sirolimus—eluting stents one year.
Methods
A total of 238 cases with coronary heart disease diffuse long lesions after sirolimus—eluting stents, including diabetic group of 77cases (male 44, female 33 cases, with an average age of 61.79±10.62 years):non-diabetic group of 161 cases (male 112 cases, and 49 females with a mean age of 60.37±11.21 years), are filled with long coronary lesions (lesion length greater than 20mm and above). Patients were excluded for the following reasons:①patients selected to exclude the merger of other heart disease, such as dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, rheumatic heart disease and hyperthyroidism heart disease;②history of PCI;③liver and kidney dysfunction;④acute myocardial infarction within one month (except for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction);⑤hemorrhagic disease can not tolerate long-term use of anti-platelet drugs;⑥associated with severe infections, malignancies, blood and immune systems and other diseases. Detailed record of all the selected patient's name, sex, age, telephone number, admission blood pressure, blood lipids (LDL-C), smoking, the heart of the E value of color Doppler ultrasound, A values and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), coronary artery lesion length, the number of stents. stent diameter, stent length. By phone, out-patient follow-up records of major adverse cardiac events(MACE) in patients after one year, including recurrent angina, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) and cardiac death. Review out-patient cardiac color Doppler ultrasound recording of early diastolic mitral flow velocity E and late diastolic velocity A. and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). interventricular septum and lateral mitral annular early diastolic peak velocity Esep and Elat. both The mean Ea. Respectively diastolic mitral flow peak early and late diastolic blood flow ratio of E/A. Esep, Elat. Ea, E/Esep. E/Elat and the E/Ea for evaluating left ventricular diastolic function parameters. All data used SPSS 16.0 package deal, to P<0.05 indicated statistical significance.
Results
The basic information of clinical from diabetic group and non-diabetic groups has not statistical difference, except LDL-C diabetes group was higher than non-diabetic group. In addition to the incidence of angina diabetic group is higher than non-diabetic group (P= 0.029), the others have not statistical difference between the two groups, myocardial infarction (P= 0.732). coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) (P= 0.400), the incidence of cardiac death (P= 0.448). left ventricular function (P= 0.236). After one year of therapy, the LVEF values is higher than a year ago,it has significantly improved, and diabetes before and after treatment were 52.74±11.70 vs 66.67±2.38; non-diabetic group were 55.13±9.52 vs 66.12±3.33; E/A ratio is also by less than 1 a year ago, improved to greater than 1, diabetic group before treatment 0.70±0.19/0.85±0.21, after treatment 0.85±0.14/0.72±0.09; non-diabetic group before treatment 0.68±0.19/0.83±0.18, after treatment 0.85±0.18/0.73±0.09.
Conclusion
Diabetes and non-diabetic patients with coronary diffuse long lesions after sirolimus—eluting stents one year, myocardial infarction, CABG, the incidence of cardiac death and left ventricular function are no difference, the incidence of angina diabetic group is higher than non-diabetic group. Diabetes and non-diabetic patients with coronary heart disease diffuse long coronary lesions after sirolimus—eluting stents can significantly improve the prognosis of one year.
引文
1 UDDIN SN,MALIK F,BARI MA,et al.Angiographic severity and extent of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Mymensingh Med J,2005,14(1):32-37.
2 周英,彭道地。冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者的临床及冠脉造影特点分析。中国现代医学杂志,2006,16(7)：1074-1076.
3 桂明辉、洪洁、吕安康等。2型糖尿病冠心病患者的临床及冠状动脉造影特点。[J]中华内分泌代谢杂志,2007,23(2)： 122-125.
4 JUMA Imad,伍卫等。冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者的临床及冠状动脉造影特点。中山大学学报,2005,23(3)：1672-3554
5 Caracciolo EA, Chaitman BR, Foman SA, et al. Diabetics With Coronary Disease Have a Prevalence of Asymptomatic Ischemia During Exercise Treadmill Testing and Ambulatory Ischemia Monitoring Similar to That of Nondiabetic Patients [J] Circulation,1996,93: 2097-2105.
6 Yu Kataoka, MD, Satoshi Yasuda, MD, et al. Quantitative Coronary Angiographic Studies of Patients With Angina Pectoris and Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Diabetes Care 28: 2005,2217-2222.
7 Jose A. Silva, Alvaro Escobar, Tyrone J. Collins, et al. Unstable Angina A Comparison of Angioscopic Findings Between Diabetic and Nondiabetic [J]. Circulation,1995,92: 1731-1736.
8 Kim LJ, King SB 3rd, Kent K, Brooks MM, Kip KE, Abbott JD, Jacobs AK, Rihal C, Hueb WA, Alderman E, Sing IR, Attubato MJ, Feit F; BARI 2D (Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation Type 2 Diabetes) Study Group. Factors related to the selection of surgical versus percutaneous revascularization in diabetic patients with multivessel coronary artery disease in the BARI 2D trial.JACC CardiovascInterv.2009 May; 2(5):384-392.
9 吕强,马长生,康俊萍等。不同血运重建方式对冠心病合并糖尿病患者近期和远期临床结果的影响。[J].中国介入心脏病学杂志,2008,2, (16,1)： 1-4.
10 Alban Dibra, AdmanKastrati Paclitaxel-Eluting or Sirolimus-Eluting Stents to Prevent Rest enosis in Diabetic Patients [J]. N Engl J Med 2005,353:663-670.
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10 周英,彭道地。冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者的临床及冠脉造影特点分析。中国现代医学杂志,2006,16(7)：1074-1076.
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心脏病学杂志。2006.2, (14,1)：31-33.
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17 AUNI JUUTILAINEN. SEPPO LEHTO. Type 2 Diabetes as A "Coronary Heart Disease Equivalent" An 18-Year Prospective Population-Based Study in Finnish Subjects [J]. Diabetes Care,2007.28:2901-2907.
18 UDDIN SN,MALIK F.BARI MA.etal.Angiographic severity and extent of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J].Mymensingh Med J.2005.14(1):32-37.
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21桂明辉、洪洁、吕安康等。2型糖尿病冠心病患者的临床及冠状动脉造影特点。[J]中华内分泌代谢杂志,2007,23(2)： 122-125.
22 Caracciolo EA. Chaitman BR. Foman SA. et al. Diabetics With Coronary Disease Have a Prevalence of Asymptomatic Ischemia During Exercise Treadmill Testing and Ambulatory Ischemia Monitoring Similar to That of NondiabeticPatients [J] Circulation,1996,93: 2097-2105.
23 Yu Kataoka, MD, Satoshi Yasuda, MD. et al. Quantitative Coronary Angiographic Studies of Patients With Angina Pectoris and Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Diabetes Care 28:2005. 2217-2222.
24 Jose A. Silva, Alvaro Escobar. Tyrone J. Collins, et al. Unstable Angina A Comp-arison of Angioscopic Findings Between Diabetic and Nondiabetic [J]. Circulation,1995,92: 1731-1736.
25 Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) Investigators Comp-arison of coronary bypass surgery with angioplasty in patients with multivessel disease N Engl J Med, 1996,335:217-225.
26 Niles NW, McGrath PD, Malenka D, et at. Survival of Patients with Diabetes and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease After Surgical or Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization Results of a Large Regional Prospective Study. J Am CollCardiol,2001,37:1008-1015.
27 Abizaid A, Costa MA, Centemero M, et al. on behalf of the ARTS Investigators Clinical and Economic Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Percutaneous and Surgical Treatment of Multivessel Coronary Disease Patients Insights From the Arterial Revascularization Therapy Study (ARTS) Trial Circulation,2001,104:533-538.
28 Kim LJ, King SB 3rd, Kent K, Brooks MM. Kip KE, Abbott JD. Jacobs AK, Rihal C. Hueb WA. Alderman E. Sing IR. Attubato MJ. Feit F; BARI 2D (Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation Type 2 Diabetes) Study Group.Factors related to the selection of surgical versus percutaneous revascularization in diabetic patients with multivessel coronary artery disease in the BARI 2D trial.JACC Cardiovasclnterv.2009 May;2(5):384-392.
29吕强,马长生,康俊萍等。不同血运重建方式对冠心病合并糖尿病患者近期和远期临床结果的影响。[J].中国介入心脏病学杂志,2008,2, (16,1)： 1-4.
30 Alban Dibra. AdmanKastrati Paclitaxel-Eluting or Sirolimus-Eluting Stents to Prevent Rest enosis in Diabetic Patients [J]. N Engl J Med 2005.353:663-670.
31 Daemen J, Garcia-Garcia HM. Kukreja N, et al. The Long-Term Value of Sirolimusand Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents over Bare Metal Stents in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus [J].Eur Heart J 2007,28:26-32.
32 Christian Spaulding, JoostDaemen. Eric Boersma, et al. A Pooled Analysis of Data Comparing Sirolimus-Eluting Stents with Bare Metal Stents [J].N Engl J Med 2007. 356:989-997.
33 Lasala JM, Cox DA, Morris DL. Breall JA, Mahoney PD,Horwitz PA, Shaw D, Hood KL, Mandinov L. Dawkins KD.Two-year results of paclitaxel-eluting stents in patients with medically treated diabetes mellitus from the TAXUS ARRIVE program.Am J Cardiol.2009 Jun 15; 103(12):1663-1671. Epub 2009 Apr 16.
34 Arteaga RB.Hreybe H.Patel D.et al.Derivation and validation of a diagnostic model for the evaluation of left ventricular filling pressures and diastolic function using mitral annulus tissue Doppler imaging.Am Heart J,2008,155(5):924-929.
35 Mansencal N, Bouvier E, Joseph T. et al. Value of tissue Doppler imaging to predict left ventricular filling pressure in patients with coronary artery disease.Echocardiography.2004,21:133-138.
36 Yu CM, Sanderson JE, Marwick TH,et al. Tissue Doppler imaging a new prognosticator for cardiovascular disease.J Am Coll Cardiol.2007.49:1903-1914.
37 Blomstrand P, Maret E. Ohlsson J. et al. Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging for the detection of myocardial ischemia, a comparison with myocardial perfusion SPECT. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging,2004,24:289-295.
38 Thor E, Olaf R, Knut E, et al. Interaction between left ventricular wall motion and intraventricular flow propagation in acute and chronic ischemia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,2005.289:732-737.
39 Donal E,Raud-Raynier P.Coisne D,et al. Tissue Doppler echocardiographic quan-tification.Comparison to coronary angiography results in Acute Coronary Syndrome patients.Cardiovasc Ultrasound.2005.3:10-11.
40 Tian JW,Du GQ.Ren M.et al.Tissue synchronization imaging of myocardial dyss-ynchronicity of the left ventricle in patients with coronary artery disease.J Ultrasound Med.2007,26:893-897.
41 Wierzbowska-Drabik K,Krzeminska-Pakuna M,Chranowski L.et al. Age-dependency of classic and new parameters of diastolic fuction. Echocardiography.2008.25(2):149-155.
42 Palecek T,Skalicka L.Lachmanova J,et al.Effect of preload reduction by hemodialysis on conventional and novel echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular structure and function. Echocardiography,2008.25(2):162-168.
43 Mizuno H.Ohte N.Wakami K,et al.Peak mitral annular velocity during early diast-ole and propagation velocity of early diastolic filling flow are not interchangeable as the parameters of left ventricular early diastolic function.Am J Cardiol.2008.101(10):1467-1471.
44 He S.Duan YY.Doppler tissue imaging of mitral and tricuspid annular dynamics during assessment of ventricular function.Chin J Med Imaging Technol,2005.21(2):315-317.
45 Hadano Y, Murata K,Tanaka N.et al.Ratio of early transmitral velocity to lateral mitral annular early diastolic velocity has the best correlation with wedge pressure following cardiac surgery.Circ J,2007.71(8):1274-1278.
46 Ommen SR,Nishimura RA.Appleton CP.et al.Clinical utility of Doppler echocardio-graphy and tissue Doppler imaging in the estimation of left ventricular filling pressure:a comparative simultaneous Doppler-catheterization study.Circulation,2000,102(15):1788-1794.
47 Yu CM,Sanderson JE.Marwick TH.et al.Tissue Doppler imaging a new prognosticator for cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol,2007.49(19):1903-1914.
2 周英,彭道地。冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者的临床及冠脉造影特点分析。中国现代医学杂志,2006,16(7)：1074-1076.
3 桂明辉、洪洁、吕安康等。2型糖尿病冠心病患者的临床及冠状动脉造影特点。[J]中华内分泌代谢杂志,2007,23(2)： 122-125.
4 JUMA Imad,伍卫等。冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者的临床及冠状动脉造影特点。中山大学学报,2005,23(3)：1672-3554
5 Caracciolo EA, Chaitman BR, Foman SA, et al. Diabetics With Coronary Disease Have a Prevalence of Asymptomatic Ischemia During Exercise Treadmill Testing and Ambulatory Ischemia Monitoring Similar to That of Nondiabetic Patients [J] Circulation,1996,93: 2097-2105.
6 Yu Kataoka, MD, Satoshi Yasuda, MD, et al. Quantitative Coronary Angiographic Studies of Patients With Angina Pectoris and Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Diabetes Care 28: 2005,2217-2222.
7 Jose A. Silva, Alvaro Escobar, Tyrone J. Collins, et al. Unstable Angina A Comparison of Angioscopic Findings Between Diabetic and Nondiabetic [J]. Circulation,1995,92: 1731-1736.
8 Kim LJ, King SB 3rd, Kent K, Brooks MM, Kip KE, Abbott JD, Jacobs AK, Rihal C, Hueb WA, Alderman E, Sing IR, Attubato MJ, Feit F; BARI 2D (Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation Type 2 Diabetes) Study Group. Factors related to the selection of surgical versus percutaneous revascularization in diabetic patients with multivessel coronary artery disease in the BARI 2D trial.JACC CardiovascInterv.2009 May; 2(5):384-392.
9 吕强,马长生,康俊萍等。不同血运重建方式对冠心病合并糖尿病患者近期和远期临床结果的影响。[J].中国介入心脏病学杂志,2008,2, (16,1)： 1-4.
10 Alban Dibra, AdmanKastrati Paclitaxel-Eluting or Sirolimus-Eluting Stents to Prevent Rest enosis in Diabetic Patients [J]. N Engl J Med 2005,353:663-670.
11 Lasala JM, Cox DA, Morris DL, Breall JA, Mahoney PD,Horwitz PA, Shaw D, Hood KL, Mandinov L, Dawkins KD.Two-year results of paclitaxel-eluting stents in patients with medically treated diabetes mellitus from the TAXUS ARRIVE program.Am J Cardiol. 2009 Jun 15;103(12):1663-1671.Epub 2009 Apr 16.
12 Wierzbowska-Drabik K,Krzeminska-Pakuna M,Chranowski L,et al. Age-dependency of classic and new parameters of diastolic fuction. Echocardiography,2008,25(2):149-155.
13 Palecek T,Skalicka L,Lachmanova J.et al.Effect of preload reduction by hemodialysis on conventional and novel echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular structure and function. Echocardiography,2008, 25(2):162-168.
14 Mizuno H,Ohte N,Wakami K,et al.Peak mitral annular velocity during early diastole and propagation velocity of early diastolic filling flow are not interchangeable as the parameters of left ventricular early diastolic function.Am J Cardiol,2008,101 (10):1467-1471.
15 Arteaga RB,Hreybe H,Patel D,et al.Derivation and validation of a diag- nostic model for the evaluation of left ventricular filling pressures and diastolic function using mitral annulus tissue Doppler imaging.Am Heart J,2008,155(5):924-929.
16 He S.Duan YY.Doppler tissue imaging of mitral and tricuspid annular dynamics dur- ing assessment of ventricular function.Chin J Med Imaging Technol,2005,21(2):315-317.
17 Hadano Y, Murata K,Tanaka N,et al.Ratio of early transmitral velocity to lateral mitral annular early diastolic velocity has the best correlation with wedge pressure following cardiac surgery.Circ J,2007,71(8):1274-1278.
18 Ommen SR,Nishimura RA,Appleton CP,et al.Clinical utility of Doppler echocardio-graphy and tissue Doppler imaging in the estimation of left ventricular filling pressure:a comparative simultaneous Doppler-catheterization study.Circulation.2000,102(15) :1788-1794.
19 Yu CM,Sanderson JE.Marwick TH,et al.Tissue Doppler imaging a new prognosticator for cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol,2007,49(19):1903-1914.
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3 Bartnik M. Ryden L. Ferrari R. etal.The Prevalence of abnormal glucose regulation in patients with acute coronary artery disease across Europe:the Euro Heart Survey on diabetes and the heart.Eur heart J.2004.25:1880-1890
4 Da-Yi Hu.The relationship between coronary heart disease and abnormal glucose regulation in China:the China Heart Survey, Eur Heart J 2006.27:2573-2579
5 Cleeman JT. Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation. And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ). JAMA,2001,285(19):2486-2497.
6 Tousoulis D, KampoliAM, Papageorgiou N. Papaoikonomou S, Antoniades C. Stefanadis C.The impact of diabetes mellitus on coronary artery disease:new therapeutic approache-s.Curr Pharm Des.2009:15(17):2037-2048.
7 V.Foseca, C.Desouza, etal.Nontraditional Risk Factors for Cardiovascular disease in Diabetes.EndocrinReviews 2004,25(1):153-157.
8 UDDIN SN,MALIK F,BARI MA.etal.Angiographic severity and extent of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J].Mymensingh Med J.2005,14(1):32-37
9 JUMA Imad,伍卫等。冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者的临床及冠状动脉造影特点。中山大学学报,2005,23(3)：1672-3554
10 周英,彭道地。冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者的临床及冠脉造影特点分析。中国现代医学杂志,2006,16(7)：1074-1076.
11 Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation. And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults(Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ)[J], JAMA,2001.285:2486-2497.
12 Stern MP.Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. The"Commonsoil"Hypothesis[J]. Diabetes 1995,44:369-374
13 Solymoss BC, Bourassa MG, Campeau L. et al.Incidence, coronary risk profile and angiographic characteristics of prediabetic and diabetic patients in a population with ischemic heart disease. Can J Cardiol,2003,19:1155-1160.
14 Falcone C, Nespoli L, Geroldi D, et al. Dilent myocardial ischemia in diabetic and nondiabeticpatients with coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol,2003.90:219-227.
15 宫建丽、张秀洲、李文华等。冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影分析。中国介入
心脏病学杂志。2006.2, (14,1)：31-33.
16 Creager MA. Lscher TF, Cosentino F. Diabetes and Vascular Disease Pathophysiology. Clinical Consequences, and Medical Therapy:part 1 [J]. Circulation.2003.108:1527-1528.
17 AUNI JUUTILAINEN. SEPPO LEHTO. Type 2 Diabetes as A "Coronary Heart Disease Equivalent" An 18-Year Prospective Population-Based Study in Finnish Subjects [J]. Diabetes Care,2007.28:2901-2907.
18 UDDIN SN,MALIK F.BARI MA.etal.Angiographic severity and extent of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J].Mymensingh Med J.2005.14(1):32-37.
19 WALLER B. PALUMBO P. ROBERTS W. Status of coronary arteries at necropsy in diabetes mellitus with onset after age 30 years[J]. Am J Med,1980,69:498-499.
20 Van BE, Bauters C, Hubert E. et al. Rest enosis rates in diabetic patients:a comparison of coronary stenting and balloon angioplasty in native coronary vessels. Circulation.1997.96: 1374-1375.
21桂明辉、洪洁、吕安康等。2型糖尿病冠心病患者的临床及冠状动脉造影特点。[J]中华内分泌代谢杂志,2007,23(2)： 122-125.
22 Caracciolo EA. Chaitman BR. Foman SA. et al. Diabetics With Coronary Disease Have a Prevalence of Asymptomatic Ischemia During Exercise Treadmill Testing and Ambulatory Ischemia Monitoring Similar to That of NondiabeticPatients [J] Circulation,1996,93: 2097-2105.
23 Yu Kataoka, MD, Satoshi Yasuda, MD. et al. Quantitative Coronary Angiographic Studies of Patients With Angina Pectoris and Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Diabetes Care 28:2005. 2217-2222.
24 Jose A. Silva, Alvaro Escobar. Tyrone J. Collins, et al. Unstable Angina A Comp-arison of Angioscopic Findings Between Diabetic and Nondiabetic [J]. Circulation,1995,92: 1731-1736.
25 Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) Investigators Comp-arison of coronary bypass surgery with angioplasty in patients with multivessel disease N Engl J Med, 1996,335:217-225.
26 Niles NW, McGrath PD, Malenka D, et at. Survival of Patients with Diabetes and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease After Surgical or Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization Results of a Large Regional Prospective Study. J Am CollCardiol,2001,37:1008-1015.
27 Abizaid A, Costa MA, Centemero M, et al. on behalf of the ARTS Investigators Clinical and Economic Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Percutaneous and Surgical Treatment of Multivessel Coronary Disease Patients Insights From the Arterial Revascularization Therapy Study (ARTS) Trial Circulation,2001,104:533-538.
28 Kim LJ, King SB 3rd, Kent K, Brooks MM. Kip KE, Abbott JD. Jacobs AK, Rihal C. Hueb WA. Alderman E. Sing IR. Attubato MJ. Feit F; BARI 2D (Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation Type 2 Diabetes) Study Group.Factors related to the selection of surgical versus percutaneous revascularization in diabetic patients with multivessel coronary artery disease in the BARI 2D trial.JACC Cardiovasclnterv.2009 May;2(5):384-392.
29吕强,马长生,康俊萍等。不同血运重建方式对冠心病合并糖尿病患者近期和远期临床结果的影响。[J].中国介入心脏病学杂志,2008,2, (16,1)： 1-4.
30 Alban Dibra. AdmanKastrati Paclitaxel-Eluting or Sirolimus-Eluting Stents to Prevent Rest enosis in Diabetic Patients [J]. N Engl J Med 2005.353:663-670.
31 Daemen J, Garcia-Garcia HM. Kukreja N, et al. The Long-Term Value of Sirolimusand Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents over Bare Metal Stents in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus [J].Eur Heart J 2007,28:26-32.
32 Christian Spaulding, JoostDaemen. Eric Boersma, et al. A Pooled Analysis of Data Comparing Sirolimus-Eluting Stents with Bare Metal Stents [J].N Engl J Med 2007. 356:989-997.
33 Lasala JM, Cox DA, Morris DL. Breall JA, Mahoney PD,Horwitz PA, Shaw D, Hood KL, Mandinov L. Dawkins KD.Two-year results of paclitaxel-eluting stents in patients with medically treated diabetes mellitus from the TAXUS ARRIVE program.Am J Cardiol.2009 Jun 15; 103(12):1663-1671. Epub 2009 Apr 16.
34 Arteaga RB.Hreybe H.Patel D.et al.Derivation and validation of a diagnostic model for the evaluation of left ventricular filling pressures and diastolic function using mitral annulus tissue Doppler imaging.Am Heart J,2008,155(5):924-929.
35 Mansencal N, Bouvier E, Joseph T. et al. Value of tissue Doppler imaging to predict left ventricular filling pressure in patients with coronary artery disease.Echocardiography.2004,21:133-138.
36 Yu CM, Sanderson JE, Marwick TH,et al. Tissue Doppler imaging a new prognosticator for cardiovascular disease.J Am Coll Cardiol.2007.49:1903-1914.
37 Blomstrand P, Maret E. Ohlsson J. et al. Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging for the detection of myocardial ischemia, a comparison with myocardial perfusion SPECT. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging,2004,24:289-295.
38 Thor E, Olaf R, Knut E, et al. Interaction between left ventricular wall motion and intraventricular flow propagation in acute and chronic ischemia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,2005.289:732-737.
39 Donal E,Raud-Raynier P.Coisne D,et al. Tissue Doppler echocardiographic quan-tification.Comparison to coronary angiography results in Acute Coronary Syndrome patients.Cardiovasc Ultrasound.2005.3:10-11.
40 Tian JW,Du GQ.Ren M.et al.Tissue synchronization imaging of myocardial dyss-ynchronicity of the left ventricle in patients with coronary artery disease.J Ultrasound Med.2007,26:893-897.
41 Wierzbowska-Drabik K,Krzeminska-Pakuna M,Chranowski L.et al. Age-dependency of classic and new parameters of diastolic fuction. Echocardiography.2008.25(2):149-155.
42 Palecek T,Skalicka L.Lachmanova J,et al.Effect of preload reduction by hemodialysis on conventional and novel echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular structure and function. Echocardiography,2008.25(2):162-168.
43 Mizuno H.Ohte N.Wakami K,et al.Peak mitral annular velocity during early diast-ole and propagation velocity of early diastolic filling flow are not interchangeable as the parameters of left ventricular early diastolic function.Am J Cardiol.2008.101(10):1467-1471.
44 He S.Duan YY.Doppler tissue imaging of mitral and tricuspid annular dynamics during assessment of ventricular function.Chin J Med Imaging Technol,2005.21(2):315-317.
45 Hadano Y, Murata K,Tanaka N.et al.Ratio of early transmitral velocity to lateral mitral annular early diastolic velocity has the best correlation with wedge pressure following cardiac surgery.Circ J,2007.71(8):1274-1278.
46 Ommen SR,Nishimura RA.Appleton CP.et al.Clinical utility of Doppler echocardio-graphy and tissue Doppler imaging in the estimation of left ventricular filling pressure:a comparative simultaneous Doppler-catheterization study.Circulation,2000,102(15):1788-1794.
47 Yu CM,Sanderson JE.Marwick TH.et al.Tissue Doppler imaging a new prognosticator for cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol,2007.49(19):1903-1914.