基于共生理论的供应链联盟稳定性研究
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摘要
共生是自然界与人类社会的一种普遍现象,共生的本质就是协同与合作。在供应链联盟的运营中,存在着与自然界类似的生物依存链。稳定的供应链联盟合作可以使成员企业产生协同效应,解决竞争冲突；可以使成员企业更好的应对市场的动荡和不确定性,从而取得更大的竞争优势。但由于个体差异和竞争性因素的存在使得供应链联盟的合作又总是有条件的,动态的。因此,稳定性是供应链联盟合作的一个重要问题,也是本文的研究对象。因此,如何促进供应链联盟良性发展,用生态学共生模式去研究供应链联盟的稳定性,既是函待解决的现实问题,也具有重要的理论价值。
本文首先分析影响供应链联盟稳定的内外部环境中的各种因素。在此基础上,分析各种因素与共生系统、共生模式的结合,然后创造性地提出了供应链联盟共生模式的概念。根据供应链联盟共生模式的不同特点,构建了不同模式下的供应链联盟共生模型,并分析了模型的稳定性。根据对结果的分析与对比,发现互惠共生模式是供应链联盟中最稳定的模式。最后,分析在供应链联盟构建的各个阶段,即准备阶段、形成阶段、运作阶段中怎样建立有效的防范措施促使供应链联盟持续稳定地运行。
本文的创新点主要在于借鉴共生模式的相关概念,创造性的提出供应链联盟共生模式的概念；在分析影响供应链联盟不稳定性相关因素的基础上,结合共生理论的研究思路,根据供应链联盟自身的发展程度及双方互相影响程度的不同,在考虑共生对环境容量影响的基础上构建了供应链联盟共生模型。寻找各种不同模式下供应链联盟共生的稳定性,指出每种模式稳定的条件,并对稳定点的意义进行分析。
Symbiosis is a common phenomenon in nature and human society, and the nature of it is collaboration and cooperation. There exists biological interdependent chain similar with nature among operations of supply chain alliance. The stability of supply chain alliance allows members of the corporate synergy to address the competitive conflict. However, co-operation between supply chain alliances have always been conditional and dynamic because of individual differences and competitive factors. Therefore, the stability of the supply chain alliance is an important issue in the area of supply chain alliance, and also objects of this paper. Therefore, how to promote the sound development of the supply chain alliance and study the stability of the supply chain alliance with ecological symbiosis model not only is the reality of the problem to be solved, but also has important theoretical value.
This paper analyzes the factors impact supply chain alliance stable in the internal and external environment. On this basis, analysis integration between factors and symbiotic systems, symbiotic mode, and then creatively put forward the concept of the model of supply chain alliance symbiotic mode. Under the different characteristics of the symbiotic model, we have constructed a pattern of supply chain alliance symbiotic model and analyze the stability of the model. Based on the results of the analysis and comparison, found that mutualism is the most stable model in supply chain alliance symbiotic mode. Finally, establish effective preventive measures to promote the sustained and stable supply chain alliance in each stage, for example preparation stage, the formation stage, the operational phase.
Innovation of this paper is creative putting forward the concept of the model of supply chain alliance symbiotic mode to draw on the main concepts symbiotic mode. Then built the symbiotic model of supply chain alliance on the basic of analyzing the relevant factors which impact the instability of supply chain alliance. Finally find the point of stability in the variety of supply chain alliance symbiotic model and conditions of each model, then analyze the significance of stable point.
本文首先分析影响供应链联盟稳定的内外部环境中的各种因素。在此基础上,分析各种因素与共生系统、共生模式的结合,然后创造性地提出了供应链联盟共生模式的概念。根据供应链联盟共生模式的不同特点,构建了不同模式下的供应链联盟共生模型,并分析了模型的稳定性。根据对结果的分析与对比,发现互惠共生模式是供应链联盟中最稳定的模式。最后,分析在供应链联盟构建的各个阶段,即准备阶段、形成阶段、运作阶段中怎样建立有效的防范措施促使供应链联盟持续稳定地运行。
本文的创新点主要在于借鉴共生模式的相关概念,创造性的提出供应链联盟共生模式的概念；在分析影响供应链联盟不稳定性相关因素的基础上,结合共生理论的研究思路,根据供应链联盟自身的发展程度及双方互相影响程度的不同,在考虑共生对环境容量影响的基础上构建了供应链联盟共生模型。寻找各种不同模式下供应链联盟共生的稳定性,指出每种模式稳定的条件,并对稳定点的意义进行分析。
Symbiosis is a common phenomenon in nature and human society, and the nature of it is collaboration and cooperation. There exists biological interdependent chain similar with nature among operations of supply chain alliance. The stability of supply chain alliance allows members of the corporate synergy to address the competitive conflict. However, co-operation between supply chain alliances have always been conditional and dynamic because of individual differences and competitive factors. Therefore, the stability of the supply chain alliance is an important issue in the area of supply chain alliance, and also objects of this paper. Therefore, how to promote the sound development of the supply chain alliance and study the stability of the supply chain alliance with ecological symbiosis model not only is the reality of the problem to be solved, but also has important theoretical value.
This paper analyzes the factors impact supply chain alliance stable in the internal and external environment. On this basis, analysis integration between factors and symbiotic systems, symbiotic mode, and then creatively put forward the concept of the model of supply chain alliance symbiotic mode. Under the different characteristics of the symbiotic model, we have constructed a pattern of supply chain alliance symbiotic model and analyze the stability of the model. Based on the results of the analysis and comparison, found that mutualism is the most stable model in supply chain alliance symbiotic mode. Finally, establish effective preventive measures to promote the sustained and stable supply chain alliance in each stage, for example preparation stage, the formation stage, the operational phase.
Innovation of this paper is creative putting forward the concept of the model of supply chain alliance symbiotic mode to draw on the main concepts symbiotic mode. Then built the symbiotic model of supply chain alliance on the basic of analyzing the relevant factors which impact the instability of supply chain alliance. Finally find the point of stability in the variety of supply chain alliance symbiotic model and conditions of each model, then analyze the significance of stable point.
引文
1 陈艺文.企业战略联盟稳定性的理论研究[D].广东工业大学,2002,4.
2 曹崇智.第三方物流企业联盟体稳定性研究[D].重庆大学,2005,4.
3 曹崇智.第三方流体企业联盟体稳定性研究[D].重庆大学,2005.
4 袁纯清.共生理论—兼论小型经济[M].北京：经济科学出版社,1998.
[1]Anonymous. Strategic Alliances:Managing the Supply Chain[J]. Oil& Gas Journal,1998,96(14): 62.
[2]Victor H.Y-Lo. Practical framework for strategic alliance in Pearl River Delta manufacturing supply chain:A total quality approach[J]. International Journal of production Economics, Amsterdam:2004,87(3):231.
[3]JG Cegarra Navarro. An empirical investigation of organizational learning through strategic alliances between SMEs[J]. Journal of Strategic Marketing,2005,13(1):3.
[4]L.M.Meade.. Justifying Strategic Alliances and Partnering:a Prerequisite for Virtual Enterprise[J]. OMEGA,1997,25(1):29-42.
[5]Chun-Wei R.,Lin, Hong-Yi S. Chen. A fuzzy strategic alliance selection framework for supply chain partnering under limited evaluation resources[J]. Computers in Industry,2004,55(2):159-179.
[6]马祖军.供应链联盟生命周期系统研究[D].西南交通大学博士学位论文,2003.
[7]Marcos Singer, Patricio Donoso, Pedro Traverso. Quality strategies in supply chain alliances of disposable items[J]. Omega 2003,31 (6):499-509.
[8]Marcia Perry, Amrik S. Sohal, Peter Rumpf. Quick Response supply chain alliances in the Australian textiles, clothing and footwear industry[J]. Int. J.Production Economics 1999,62 (1): 119-132.
[9]Rohit Bhatnagar, S. Viswanathan.. Re-engineering global supply chains Alliances between manufacturing firms and global logistics services[J]. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Bradford:2000,30(1):13.
[10]Palmer C.M.. Building effective alliances in the meat supply chain:lessons from the UK[J]. Supply Chain Management,1996,1 (3):9.
[11]Geoffrey H Briscoe, Sarah J Millett. Subcontractor perspectives on supply chain alliances[J]. Construction Management and Economics,2001,19(8):841.
[12]马祖军,武振业.供应链联盟——21世纪企业合作的主流[J].经济体制改革,2002(6)：52-55.
[13]李建标,武立东.现代供应链联盟问题研究[J].山西财经大学学报,2003(1)：41-44.
[14]卢洁.供应链联盟在我国的发展[J].经济论坛,2004(3)：68-69.
[15]马祖军,武振业.供应链联盟及其成因分析[J].软科学,2002(4)：17-21.
[16]高涌,朱怀意.供应链联盟形成过程的经济学解释[J].科技与管理,2002(3)：30-32.
[17]张永强.西方国家供应链联盟演变历程及对中国的启示[J].南开管理评论,2001(4)：73-77.
[18]马祖军.基于遗传算法的供应链联盟伙伴选择[J].系统工程理论与实践,2003(9)：81-84.
[19]戴勇.基于AHP的EDA分析基础上的虚拟物流企业联盟伙伴选择[J].系统工程,2002(5),P47-51.
[20]邱灿华,周文泳,钟竟.基于供应链联盟的企业联盟能力分析[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2004,42(10)：1-5.
[21]夏昊.供应链的最优模式：供应链联盟研究[D].南京理工大学,2004.06.
[22]鲍连彬.供应链联盟的经济学分析[D].上海海事大学,2005.06
[23]李莹.供应链联盟的运作管理[D].武汉大学,2005,05
[24]王怀祖.供应链联盟合作关系几个问题研究[D].重庆大学,2003
[25]萧灼基.金融共生理论与城市商业银行改革序[M].北京：商务印书馆出版社,2002.
[26]袁纯清.共生理论—兼论小型经济[M].北京：经济科学出版社,1998.
[27]袁纯清.金融共生理论与城市商业银行改革[M].北京：商务印书馆,2002.
[28]吴飞驰.企业的共生理论[M].北京：人民出版社,2002.
[29]傅家骥.技术创新学[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2001：160-170.
[30]郭莉,苏敬勤.基于Logistic增长模型的工业共生稳定分析及预测.2005.1：25-31.
[31]杨毅,赵红.共生性企业集群组织结构及其运行模式探讨[J].管理评论,2003.12：37-44.
[32]周浩.产业集群的共生模型及稳定性分析[J].系统工程,2003.4：2-37.
[33]冯德连.小企业与大企业共生模式的分析[J].财经研究,2000,6：35-42.
[34]陈畴镛,吴国财.产业集群与第三方物流的共生模型及稳定性分析[J].杭州电子科技大学学报(社会科学版)Vol.3 No.4
[35]杜一民,张明玉.物流与产业集群共生发展机制研究[J].生产力研究,2008,(20).
[36]唐强荣,徐学军.生产性服务业与制造业共生与绩效关系的实证研究[J].管理评论,2009,(09).
[37]南岚.基于共生理论的港口物流产业集群特征分析[J].物流科技,2009,(12).
[38]张怡跃.企业战略联盟的共生经济效应[J].沈阳大学学报,2008,(1).
[39]唐强荣,徐学军,何自力.生产性服务业与制造业共生发展模型及实证研究[J].南开管理评论,2009,(3)：20-26.
[40]张怡跃.企业战略联盟的共生经济效应[J].沈阳大学学报,2008,(1).
[41]于数江,李艳双,吕俊杰.基于协同影响因素的产业集群共生稳定性分析[J].商业时代,2010,(5).
[42]彭本红,冯良清.现代物流业与先进制造业的共生机理研究[J].商业经济与管理,2010,(1).
[43]廖日卿.基于logistic模型的服务性海关物流监控部门与物流企业共生关系研究[J].上海海关学院学报,2009,(2).
[44]卜华白,沈星元.共生理论视角下的企业战略联盟问题研究[J].经济管理,2007,(8).
[45]杨青芬.论产业集群与供应链共生性[J].合作经济与科技,2008,(1).
[46]唐卫宁.基于共生理论的物流产业集群发展机理及政策支持研究[J].企业经济,2009,(5).
[47]史安娜,南岚.港口物流产业集群共生性分析[J].商业经济与管理,2010,(2).
[48]南岚.港口物流产业集群共生结构的构建[J].改革与战略,2009,(12).
[49]刘新国,李永昆,刘兴桂.离散互惠共生模型的持久性[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(2)：114-117.
[50]刘新国,李永昆,刘兴桂.离散互惠共生模型的持久性[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(2)：114-117.
[51]周柏翔,丁永波,凌丹.供应链联盟企业共生的内在动因与外部条件分析[J].商业研究,2007,(5).
2 曹崇智.第三方物流企业联盟体稳定性研究[D].重庆大学,2005,4.
3 曹崇智.第三方流体企业联盟体稳定性研究[D].重庆大学,2005.
4 袁纯清.共生理论—兼论小型经济[M].北京：经济科学出版社,1998.
[1]Anonymous. Strategic Alliances:Managing the Supply Chain[J]. Oil& Gas Journal,1998,96(14): 62.
[2]Victor H.Y-Lo. Practical framework for strategic alliance in Pearl River Delta manufacturing supply chain:A total quality approach[J]. International Journal of production Economics, Amsterdam:2004,87(3):231.
[3]JG Cegarra Navarro. An empirical investigation of organizational learning through strategic alliances between SMEs[J]. Journal of Strategic Marketing,2005,13(1):3.
[4]L.M.Meade.. Justifying Strategic Alliances and Partnering:a Prerequisite for Virtual Enterprise[J]. OMEGA,1997,25(1):29-42.
[5]Chun-Wei R.,Lin, Hong-Yi S. Chen. A fuzzy strategic alliance selection framework for supply chain partnering under limited evaluation resources[J]. Computers in Industry,2004,55(2):159-179.
[6]马祖军.供应链联盟生命周期系统研究[D].西南交通大学博士学位论文,2003.
[7]Marcos Singer, Patricio Donoso, Pedro Traverso. Quality strategies in supply chain alliances of disposable items[J]. Omega 2003,31 (6):499-509.
[8]Marcia Perry, Amrik S. Sohal, Peter Rumpf. Quick Response supply chain alliances in the Australian textiles, clothing and footwear industry[J]. Int. J.Production Economics 1999,62 (1): 119-132.
[9]Rohit Bhatnagar, S. Viswanathan.. Re-engineering global supply chains Alliances between manufacturing firms and global logistics services[J]. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Bradford:2000,30(1):13.
[10]Palmer C.M.. Building effective alliances in the meat supply chain:lessons from the UK[J]. Supply Chain Management,1996,1 (3):9.
[11]Geoffrey H Briscoe, Sarah J Millett. Subcontractor perspectives on supply chain alliances[J]. Construction Management and Economics,2001,19(8):841.
[12]马祖军,武振业.供应链联盟——21世纪企业合作的主流[J].经济体制改革,2002(6)：52-55.
[13]李建标,武立东.现代供应链联盟问题研究[J].山西财经大学学报,2003(1)：41-44.
[14]卢洁.供应链联盟在我国的发展[J].经济论坛,2004(3)：68-69.
[15]马祖军,武振业.供应链联盟及其成因分析[J].软科学,2002(4)：17-21.
[16]高涌,朱怀意.供应链联盟形成过程的经济学解释[J].科技与管理,2002(3)：30-32.
[17]张永强.西方国家供应链联盟演变历程及对中国的启示[J].南开管理评论,2001(4)：73-77.
[18]马祖军.基于遗传算法的供应链联盟伙伴选择[J].系统工程理论与实践,2003(9)：81-84.
[19]戴勇.基于AHP的EDA分析基础上的虚拟物流企业联盟伙伴选择[J].系统工程,2002(5),P47-51.
[20]邱灿华,周文泳,钟竟.基于供应链联盟的企业联盟能力分析[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2004,42(10)：1-5.
[21]夏昊.供应链的最优模式：供应链联盟研究[D].南京理工大学,2004.06.
[22]鲍连彬.供应链联盟的经济学分析[D].上海海事大学,2005.06
[23]李莹.供应链联盟的运作管理[D].武汉大学,2005,05
[24]王怀祖.供应链联盟合作关系几个问题研究[D].重庆大学,2003
[25]萧灼基.金融共生理论与城市商业银行改革序[M].北京：商务印书馆出版社,2002.
[26]袁纯清.共生理论—兼论小型经济[M].北京：经济科学出版社,1998.
[27]袁纯清.金融共生理论与城市商业银行改革[M].北京：商务印书馆,2002.
[28]吴飞驰.企业的共生理论[M].北京：人民出版社,2002.
[29]傅家骥.技术创新学[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2001：160-170.
[30]郭莉,苏敬勤.基于Logistic增长模型的工业共生稳定分析及预测.2005.1：25-31.
[31]杨毅,赵红.共生性企业集群组织结构及其运行模式探讨[J].管理评论,2003.12：37-44.
[32]周浩.产业集群的共生模型及稳定性分析[J].系统工程,2003.4：2-37.
[33]冯德连.小企业与大企业共生模式的分析[J].财经研究,2000,6：35-42.
[34]陈畴镛,吴国财.产业集群与第三方物流的共生模型及稳定性分析[J].杭州电子科技大学学报(社会科学版)Vol.3 No.4
[35]杜一民,张明玉.物流与产业集群共生发展机制研究[J].生产力研究,2008,(20).
[36]唐强荣,徐学军.生产性服务业与制造业共生与绩效关系的实证研究[J].管理评论,2009,(09).
[37]南岚.基于共生理论的港口物流产业集群特征分析[J].物流科技,2009,(12).
[38]张怡跃.企业战略联盟的共生经济效应[J].沈阳大学学报,2008,(1).
[39]唐强荣,徐学军,何自力.生产性服务业与制造业共生发展模型及实证研究[J].南开管理评论,2009,(3)：20-26.
[40]张怡跃.企业战略联盟的共生经济效应[J].沈阳大学学报,2008,(1).
[41]于数江,李艳双,吕俊杰.基于协同影响因素的产业集群共生稳定性分析[J].商业时代,2010,(5).
[42]彭本红,冯良清.现代物流业与先进制造业的共生机理研究[J].商业经济与管理,2010,(1).
[43]廖日卿.基于logistic模型的服务性海关物流监控部门与物流企业共生关系研究[J].上海海关学院学报,2009,(2).
[44]卜华白,沈星元.共生理论视角下的企业战略联盟问题研究[J].经济管理,2007,(8).
[45]杨青芬.论产业集群与供应链共生性[J].合作经济与科技,2008,(1).
[46]唐卫宁.基于共生理论的物流产业集群发展机理及政策支持研究[J].企业经济,2009,(5).
[47]史安娜,南岚.港口物流产业集群共生性分析[J].商业经济与管理,2010,(2).
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