基于CAN总线的客车运控系统设计研究
摘要
汽车电子技术步入控制系统综合化、信息共享化、机能智能化的发展新阶段。针对目前国内客车大量使用传统仪表、传统点到点控制的通信方式以及独立的控制单元,本文对客车运控系统进行了探讨,研制了基于CAN总线技术、智能检测技术、微型计算机控制技术的客车运控系统。该系统改变了客车的线束控制方式和传统仪表,实现了电器信息的集中检测、控制以及数据共享,易于扩展,减少了线束,提高系统维护性和可靠性,减少成本。
本文分析和探讨了客车电子控制系统和车辆网络技术的发展现状及趋势,提出了应用CAN总线代替客车传统线束的总线传输方式,在深入研究CAN总线技术和客车电器控制的基础上,设计了基于CAN总线的客车组合仪表系统和前、后输入输出模块,实现客车电器信息检测、控制、传输与显示。组合仪表主要实现电器信息的传输和显示,以具有增强CAN控制模块的PIC18F8585单片机作为中央控制器,PIC18F8585控制TJA1040 CAN总线驱动器实现CAN总线信息的接收和发送;通过SPI方式与步进电机驱动器MC33970进行通讯,控制M-S XC5步进电机对车速、发动机转速、冷却水温度、机油压力、燃油量、电压、气压1和气压2八个参数进行了实时显示;控制LCD显示单里程数、总里程数和各种示警信息,按键控制LCD翻屏显示;控制LED指示灯显示客车电器故障和状态信息。输入输出模块主要实现电器信息的检测、控制与传输,采用PICI8F8585单片机作为中央控制器,控制输入模块检测车速、发动机转速等八种参数以及各种开关量,将分散电器的信息集中处理,然后通过功率模块控制车灯、各种继电器、直流电机等执行相应功能,并将采集的仪表信息通过驱动TJA1040发送给组合仪表显示,实现信息共享。
本系统通过计算机的在线调试与系统模拟试验,初步验证了系统的综合性能及CAN总线通讯的可靠性,初步达到了预期的目的和要求,为下一步的改进和完善奠定了的基础。
Automobile electronics technology will come into a new stage on which it is characteristic of control system integration, share messages and intelligent performance. In allusion to use largely out-of-date meter, old control communication mode with single wiring harness and unconnected control units at the present time in a passenger car, this paper discusses run and control system, it develops a run and control system adopting CAN bus technology, intelligence detecting technology and microcomputer control technology. The system changes control mode of wiring harness and traditional meter, centralizing check and measure, control of electric apparatus messages and share data messages, extend easily, reducing wiring harness, improving credibility and maintainability, reducing system cost.
This paper analyses and discusses development actuality and direction of network technology and electronic control system in a car, bringing forward bus transmission mode substituting CAN bus for traditional wiring harness in a passenger car, based on reseaching CAN bus technology and electric apparatus control of a passenger car deeply, it designs a meter assembly system and front, rear input out module for carrying out checking and measuring, controlling, transmitting and displaying electric apparatus messages in a passenger car. Meter assembly system carries out transmitting and displaying electric apparatus messages, it adopts the PIC18F8585 serieses Single Chip Micyoco which includes Enhanced Controller Area Network (ECAN) module as center controller, PIC18F8585 controlls TJA1040 CAN bus drive for receiving and sending messages from CAN bus, exchanging messages with MC33970 step motor drive to drive step motor M-S XC5 to display eight parameters real-timely: car speed, engine rotate speed, cooling fluid temperature, oil pressure, oil capacity, voltage, air pressure 1 and air pressure 2, driving LCD to display single mileage, total mileage and many kinds of warning messages, turning LCD screen by key-press, controlling LED indicator light for to show breakdown of electric apparatus and state messages. Input out module carries out checking and measuring, controlling and transmitting electric apparatus messages. also using PIC18F8585 serieses Single Chip Micyoco as center controller, checking and measuring all kinds of switch messages and eight parameters: car speed, engine rotate speed and so on by using input module, dealing with messages of dispersive electric apparatus concentratively, then driving car lump, many kinds of relay and direct current electromotor using power module, using TJA1040 CAN bus to share messages with meter assembly.
The system has been tested on-linely and emulated using computer, and the result argued that general performance of this system accorded with the anticipant purpose and request, and it also establishes foundation for the next improvement and perfecting.
本文分析和探讨了客车电子控制系统和车辆网络技术的发展现状及趋势,提出了应用CAN总线代替客车传统线束的总线传输方式,在深入研究CAN总线技术和客车电器控制的基础上,设计了基于CAN总线的客车组合仪表系统和前、后输入输出模块,实现客车电器信息检测、控制、传输与显示。组合仪表主要实现电器信息的传输和显示,以具有增强CAN控制模块的PIC18F8585单片机作为中央控制器,PIC18F8585控制TJA1040 CAN总线驱动器实现CAN总线信息的接收和发送;通过SPI方式与步进电机驱动器MC33970进行通讯,控制M-S XC5步进电机对车速、发动机转速、冷却水温度、机油压力、燃油量、电压、气压1和气压2八个参数进行了实时显示;控制LCD显示单里程数、总里程数和各种示警信息,按键控制LCD翻屏显示;控制LED指示灯显示客车电器故障和状态信息。输入输出模块主要实现电器信息的检测、控制与传输,采用PICI8F8585单片机作为中央控制器,控制输入模块检测车速、发动机转速等八种参数以及各种开关量,将分散电器的信息集中处理,然后通过功率模块控制车灯、各种继电器、直流电机等执行相应功能,并将采集的仪表信息通过驱动TJA1040发送给组合仪表显示,实现信息共享。
本系统通过计算机的在线调试与系统模拟试验,初步验证了系统的综合性能及CAN总线通讯的可靠性,初步达到了预期的目的和要求,为下一步的改进和完善奠定了的基础。
Automobile electronics technology will come into a new stage on which it is characteristic of control system integration, share messages and intelligent performance. In allusion to use largely out-of-date meter, old control communication mode with single wiring harness and unconnected control units at the present time in a passenger car, this paper discusses run and control system, it develops a run and control system adopting CAN bus technology, intelligence detecting technology and microcomputer control technology. The system changes control mode of wiring harness and traditional meter, centralizing check and measure, control of electric apparatus messages and share data messages, extend easily, reducing wiring harness, improving credibility and maintainability, reducing system cost.
This paper analyses and discusses development actuality and direction of network technology and electronic control system in a car, bringing forward bus transmission mode substituting CAN bus for traditional wiring harness in a passenger car, based on reseaching CAN bus technology and electric apparatus control of a passenger car deeply, it designs a meter assembly system and front, rear input out module for carrying out checking and measuring, controlling, transmitting and displaying electric apparatus messages in a passenger car. Meter assembly system carries out transmitting and displaying electric apparatus messages, it adopts the PIC18F8585 serieses Single Chip Micyoco which includes Enhanced Controller Area Network (ECAN) module as center controller, PIC18F8585 controlls TJA1040 CAN bus drive for receiving and sending messages from CAN bus, exchanging messages with MC33970 step motor drive to drive step motor M-S XC5 to display eight parameters real-timely: car speed, engine rotate speed, cooling fluid temperature, oil pressure, oil capacity, voltage, air pressure 1 and air pressure 2, driving LCD to display single mileage, total mileage and many kinds of warning messages, turning LCD screen by key-press, controlling LED indicator light for to show breakdown of electric apparatus and state messages. Input out module carries out checking and measuring, controlling and transmitting electric apparatus messages. also using PIC18F8585 serieses Single Chip Micyoco as center controller, checking and measuring all kinds of switch messages and eight parameters: car speed, engine rotate speed and so on by using input module, dealing with messages of dispersive electric apparatus concentratively, then driving car lump, many kinds of relay and direct current electromotor using power module, using TJA1040 CAN bus to share messages with meter assembly.
The system has been tested on-linely and emulated using computer, and the result argued that general performance of this system accorded with the anticipant purpose and request, and it also establishes foundation for the next improvement and perfecting.
引文
1 王建新.基于CAN总线的汽车电子集成控制系统.哈尔滨工业大学学报.2006,38(5):811-814
2 Robert Bosch GmbH.CAN Specification Version2.0.1991
3 SAE.SAE J1939,Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice.2005
4 龚进峰.智能车身控制网络.中国汽车技术研究中心
5 田力军.基于CAN总线的汽车电子控制系统单元设计.应用天地.2007,26(6):52-55
6 王箴.车身系统的CAN总线控制.汽车电器.2003,(5):11-14
7 宋磊.CAN总线在现代汽车中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].镇江:江苏大学,2002
8 聂石启,郑传琴,李剑峰.客车CAN总线简介及应用.客车技术与研究.2007,(5):27-28
9 刘胜.城市客车信息集成控制系统中信息处理的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学机电工程学院,2006
10 胡剑,李刚炎,肖佩,徐运庆.基于CAN的客车信息控制系统设计.客车技术与研究,2005,(2):12-14
11 丁群燕,曾鑫.现代汽车电子控制技术.黄岗职业技术学院
12 宁甲琳,刘慧枕.汽车电子控制技术及发展趋势.交通标准化.2006,(2):169-172
13 唐维新,唐楚峰,钟新宝.汽车车载网络技术及其应用.邵阳学院学报.2006,3(1):31-34
14 王戍国.汽车控制系统的开发与展望.重汽公司技术中心,1995,(31):1-4
15 LIN Consortium.LIN Specification Package.Revision 2.0.http://www.Lin-subbus.org
16 Road Vehicles-Controller Area Network(CAN)-Part:Time-Triggered Communication,ISO11898-4,2000
17 Thomas Fuhrer,Bernd Muller,Werner Dieterle,Florian Hartwich,RobertHugel and Michael Walther.Time Triggered Communication on CAN(Time Triggered CAN-TTCAN).http://www.can.bosch.com
18 Florian Hartwich,Bernd Muller,Thomas Fuhrer and Robert Hugel.CAN Network with Time Triggered Communication.http://www.can.bosch.com
19 B.Muller,T.Fuhrer,F.Hartwieh,R.Hugel,and H.Weiler,Fault tolerant TTCAN networks,http://www.can-cia.org
20 FlexRay Consortium.FlexRay Communication System,Protocol Specification,Version2.1.http://www.flexray.com/index.php
21 Byte flight protocol,http://www.byteflight.com/homepage.htm
22 MOST CooPeration.MOST Specification Revision2.4.http://www.mostnet.de/index.php
23 周慧.基于SAE1939城市客车车灯控制系统研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学自动化学院,2007
24 TTTech Computertechnic GmbH.Time-Triggered Protocol TTP/C,High-Level Specification Doe ument,Protocol Versionl.1.http://www.ttech.com
25 JT/T325-2004,营运客车类型划分及等级评定
26 秦贵和.车上网络技术.北京:机械工业出版社.2003.5
27 姜竹胜.基于控制器局域网(CAN)的客车车身控制系统设计研究:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学车辆工程,2006
28 饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇云.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.6.18-22
29 乌仔宽明.CAN总线原理和应用系统设计.北京:科学出版社,1998
30 SAE.路面车辆推荐操作规程
31 吕京建.现代汽车的核心技术—SAEJ1939.技术与市场.2004.(1):37-38
32 MICROCHIP.PIC18F6585/8585/6680/8680 Data Sheet
33 刘和平,刘林,余红欣,郑群英.PIC~(?)18Fxxx单片机原理及接口程序设计.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.8
34 Freescale Semiconductor,Inc..Document Number:MC33970.Revision3.0.2007.1
35 MICRO Compenents.XC5 Specification
36 台湾矽创电子公司.ST7920控制器系列中文字库液晶模块中文说明书.2007.1
37 中通客车技术中心.电器仪表
38 Philips Semiconductors.TJA1040 High speed CAN transceiver.2003.10
39 Microchip Technology Inc..MPLAB~(?)IDE用户指南.2005
40 Microchip Technology Inc..MPLAB~(?)C18C编译器用户指南.2005
41 沈阳单片机开发网.电机驱动电路.http://www.symcukf.com
42 Microchip Technology Inc..MPLAB~(?)ICD 2在线调试器用户指南.2004
43 广东周立功单片机发展有限公司.USBCAN-Ⅰ/Ⅱ智能CAN接口卡用户手册V1.2.2003
2 Robert Bosch GmbH.CAN Specification Version2.0.1991
3 SAE.SAE J1939,Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice.2005
4 龚进峰.智能车身控制网络.中国汽车技术研究中心
5 田力军.基于CAN总线的汽车电子控制系统单元设计.应用天地.2007,26(6):52-55
6 王箴.车身系统的CAN总线控制.汽车电器.2003,(5):11-14
7 宋磊.CAN总线在现代汽车中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].镇江:江苏大学,2002
8 聂石启,郑传琴,李剑峰.客车CAN总线简介及应用.客车技术与研究.2007,(5):27-28
9 刘胜.城市客车信息集成控制系统中信息处理的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学机电工程学院,2006
10 胡剑,李刚炎,肖佩,徐运庆.基于CAN的客车信息控制系统设计.客车技术与研究,2005,(2):12-14
11 丁群燕,曾鑫.现代汽车电子控制技术.黄岗职业技术学院
12 宁甲琳,刘慧枕.汽车电子控制技术及发展趋势.交通标准化.2006,(2):169-172
13 唐维新,唐楚峰,钟新宝.汽车车载网络技术及其应用.邵阳学院学报.2006,3(1):31-34
14 王戍国.汽车控制系统的开发与展望.重汽公司技术中心,1995,(31):1-4
15 LIN Consortium.LIN Specification Package.Revision 2.0.http://www.Lin-subbus.org
16 Road Vehicles-Controller Area Network(CAN)-Part:Time-Triggered Communication,ISO11898-4,2000
17 Thomas Fuhrer,Bernd Muller,Werner Dieterle,Florian Hartwich,RobertHugel and Michael Walther.Time Triggered Communication on CAN(Time Triggered CAN-TTCAN).http://www.can.bosch.com
18 Florian Hartwich,Bernd Muller,Thomas Fuhrer and Robert Hugel.CAN Network with Time Triggered Communication.http://www.can.bosch.com
19 B.Muller,T.Fuhrer,F.Hartwieh,R.Hugel,and H.Weiler,Fault tolerant TTCAN networks,http://www.can-cia.org
20 FlexRay Consortium.FlexRay Communication System,Protocol Specification,Version2.1.http://www.flexray.com/index.php
21 Byte flight protocol,http://www.byteflight.com/homepage.htm
22 MOST CooPeration.MOST Specification Revision2.4.http://www.mostnet.de/index.php
23 周慧.基于SAE1939城市客车车灯控制系统研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学自动化学院,2007
24 TTTech Computertechnic GmbH.Time-Triggered Protocol TTP/C,High-Level Specification Doe ument,Protocol Versionl.1.http://www.ttech.com
25 JT/T325-2004,营运客车类型划分及等级评定
26 秦贵和.车上网络技术.北京:机械工业出版社.2003.5
27 姜竹胜.基于控制器局域网(CAN)的客车车身控制系统设计研究:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学车辆工程,2006
28 饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇云.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.6.18-22
29 乌仔宽明.CAN总线原理和应用系统设计.北京:科学出版社,1998
30 SAE.路面车辆推荐操作规程
31 吕京建.现代汽车的核心技术—SAEJ1939.技术与市场.2004.(1):37-38
32 MICROCHIP.PIC18F6585/8585/6680/8680 Data Sheet
33 刘和平,刘林,余红欣,郑群英.PIC~(?)18Fxxx单片机原理及接口程序设计.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.8
34 Freescale Semiconductor,Inc..Document Number:MC33970.Revision3.0.2007.1
35 MICRO Compenents.XC5 Specification
36 台湾矽创电子公司.ST7920控制器系列中文字库液晶模块中文说明书.2007.1
37 中通客车技术中心.电器仪表
38 Philips Semiconductors.TJA1040 High speed CAN transceiver.2003.10
39 Microchip Technology Inc..MPLAB~(?)IDE用户指南.2005
40 Microchip Technology Inc..MPLAB~(?)C18C编译器用户指南.2005
41 沈阳单片机开发网.电机驱动电路.http://www.symcukf.com
42 Microchip Technology Inc..MPLAB~(?)ICD 2在线调试器用户指南.2004
43 广东周立功单片机发展有限公司.USBCAN-Ⅰ/Ⅱ智能CAN接口卡用户手册V1.2.2003