个人按需软件服务中的文件系统虚拟化技术
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摘要
随着网络、硬件的发展和用户需求的增加,传统的“软件即产品”发布模式的弊端凸显,不能再满足更多的需求。而近年兴起的“软件即服务”模式以一种全新的方式诠释软件发布,克服了传统模式的种种弊端,现正在全球迅速普及,成为软件行业的发展热点。“软件即服务”模式即以服务的形式在网络上提供软件程序。国外已经出现了一些运作成功的提供软件服务的厂商。
本文在“软件即服务”模式的基础上,提出了一种按需服务的软件系统,并对其中的文件系统虚拟化功能的关键技术进行了研究和实现。这种软件系统不仅没有了传统模式的缺点,而且可以实现了个人计算环境的移动性。用户无论身在何处,只要能上网,就可以随时获取软件服务,对用户本机只有兼容性的要求。
本系统向客户提供一套客户程序包;客户运行客户程序登陆厂商服务器,获得软件服务。客户程序中包含文件系统过滤驱动和客户端应用程序,两者共同实现文件系统的虚拟化功能,即在客户机器上虚拟出一个实际存在于网络上的文件系统。文件系统过滤驱动过滤并截获客户对本机上的程序的访问,并将访问请求交给客户端应用程序;应用程序根据访问请求,调用P2P模块,从网络上的服务器和其他客户机器上获取数据,以此实现文件系统的虚拟。当客户访问服务器上的程序时,在客户看来就像在访问本机上的程序一样。在网络条件好、客户数量多的情况下,实现的效果会很好。
本文通过实现客户软件包的两个部分(除P2P模块),较完整的实现了文件系统虚拟化功能。在实现过程中,针对驱动开发中具有代表性的问题给出了解决方案;在实验基础上,进行了功能/性能测试;并提出了一些设计上的优化方案,对未来的工作提出了建议。
With the development of network and the increase of users’requirements, the shortcomings of the traditional software application delivery model,“Software as a Product”(SaaP), are emerging. A new model“Software as a Service”(SaaS) rises, in which software applications are provided as services over the Internet. The SaaS has become the industry preferred term and is gradually replacing the earlier models. There are already some successfully SaaS vendors abroad.
In this article, we propose a play-on-demand SaaS system, and describe the implementation of the file system virtualization technolgies. This system overcomes the shortcomings of SaaP system. Also, the personal computer environment is highly portable when the customer carries personal data with him. As long as the customer can reach the Internet, she can access software service on demand wherever, only if the host system is compatible.
In the system, the customers run a client application package to get software service. The client application package consists of a user-level application and a file system filter driver. Both of them implement file system virtualization through virtualizing a file system on the host which is actually on the Internet. The filter driver filters accesses to certain files on the host and hands them over to the application that will therefore call the P2P module to get data from the internet (server and other clients).
This article presents the two parts above (except P2P) and implements file system virtualization. It gives solutions to general problems in driver development, designs the functional/performance test plan, proposes possible improvements and gives suggestions for future work.
本文在“软件即服务”模式的基础上,提出了一种按需服务的软件系统,并对其中的文件系统虚拟化功能的关键技术进行了研究和实现。这种软件系统不仅没有了传统模式的缺点,而且可以实现了个人计算环境的移动性。用户无论身在何处,只要能上网,就可以随时获取软件服务,对用户本机只有兼容性的要求。
本系统向客户提供一套客户程序包;客户运行客户程序登陆厂商服务器,获得软件服务。客户程序中包含文件系统过滤驱动和客户端应用程序,两者共同实现文件系统的虚拟化功能,即在客户机器上虚拟出一个实际存在于网络上的文件系统。文件系统过滤驱动过滤并截获客户对本机上的程序的访问,并将访问请求交给客户端应用程序;应用程序根据访问请求,调用P2P模块,从网络上的服务器和其他客户机器上获取数据,以此实现文件系统的虚拟。当客户访问服务器上的程序时,在客户看来就像在访问本机上的程序一样。在网络条件好、客户数量多的情况下,实现的效果会很好。
本文通过实现客户软件包的两个部分(除P2P模块),较完整的实现了文件系统虚拟化功能。在实现过程中,针对驱动开发中具有代表性的问题给出了解决方案;在实验基础上,进行了功能/性能测试;并提出了一些设计上的优化方案,对未来的工作提出了建议。
With the development of network and the increase of users’requirements, the shortcomings of the traditional software application delivery model,“Software as a Product”(SaaP), are emerging. A new model“Software as a Service”(SaaS) rises, in which software applications are provided as services over the Internet. The SaaS has become the industry preferred term and is gradually replacing the earlier models. There are already some successfully SaaS vendors abroad.
In this article, we propose a play-on-demand SaaS system, and describe the implementation of the file system virtualization technolgies. This system overcomes the shortcomings of SaaP system. Also, the personal computer environment is highly portable when the customer carries personal data with him. As long as the customer can reach the Internet, she can access software service on demand wherever, only if the host system is compatible.
In the system, the customers run a client application package to get software service. The client application package consists of a user-level application and a file system filter driver. Both of them implement file system virtualization through virtualizing a file system on the host which is actually on the Internet. The filter driver filters accesses to certain files on the host and hands them over to the application that will therefore call the P2P module to get data from the internet (server and other clients).
This article presents the two parts above (except P2P) and implements file system virtualization. It gives solutions to general problems in driver development, designs the functional/performance test plan, proposes possible improvements and gives suggestions for future work.
引文
[1] M Turner, D Budgen, P Brereton. Turning Software into a Service. Computer Publication. 2003
[2] F Hoch, M Kerr, A Griffith. Software as a Service: Strategic Backgrounder. Software & Information Industry Association (SIIA). 2000
[3]唐敬年,宋丹峰,张怡.计算机系统软件成本构成及估算方法.中国资产评估,2000
[4] Federica Troni, Michael A. Silver. Use Processes and Tools to Reduce TCO for PCs, 2005- 2006 Update. Gartner Group
[5] M Annamalai, A Birrell, D Fetterly, T Wobber. Implementing Portable Desktops: A New Option and Comparisons. research.microsoft.com, 2006
[6] R. Caceres, C. Carter, C. Narayanaswami, M. Raghunath. Reincarnating PCs with portable SoulPads. Proceedings of Mobisys, 2005
[7]中国互联网实验室. 2005年度中国软件盗版率调查报告,2006年4月
[8]郑强,甘岚. ASP模式在企业信息化中的应用.计算机与现代化,2002
[9]张庆武,郭东强.电子商务时代中小企业的CRM战略管理.商业研究,2005
[10]谢亿民.依靠“标准化”的托管CRM.软件世界,2006年5期
[11]肖迪. CRM托管不是下一个ASP.软件世界,2006年5期
[12] L Ang, F Buttle. CRM software applications and business performance. Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, 2006
[13] Salesforce. CRM - The Leader In Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) - salesforce.com. http://www.salesforce.com/
[14] G Gianforte, RN Technologies. The Insider’s Guide to Customer Service on the Web. RightNow Technologies, White Paper, 2001
[15] RightNow. On Demand CRM Software and Solutions by RightNow Technologies. http://www.rightnow.com/
[16] NetSuite.“NetSuite”. http://www.netsuite.com/
[17]金山软件.“金山在线”. http://www.kingsoft.com/
[18] C Gur?u, A Ranchhod, R Hackney. Customer-Centric Strategic Planning: Integrating CRM in Online Business Systems. Information Technology and Management, 2003
[19]马沛. SaaS模式下的淘金者.程序员,2007
[20]史历峰.谁更适合你?——中小企业在线租用式CRM对比.中国科技信息,2006
[21]刘梅.软件租着用.中国计算机用户,2006
[22] Omer Qureshi.“SoftGrid Application Virtualization”. Microsoft, Feb, 2007
[23] Microsoft,“Microsoft SoftGrid Application Virtualization: Under the Covers”, Feb, 2007
[24] Microsoft. Filter Driver Development Guide. http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/driver/filterdrv/default.mspx
[25]驱动程序开发网技术社区.“驱动开发-中国电子顶级开发网国内最顶级的开发者论坛”. http://www.driverdevelop.com/
[26] S Androutsellis-Theotokis, D Spinellis. A survey of peer-to-peer content distribution technologies. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 2004
[27] P2P中国. PPCN.NET. http://www.ppcn.net/
[28] Chris McEniry. Moobi: A Thin Server Management System Using BitTorrent. Sony Computer Entertainment America, Pp. 253-260 of the Proceedings. 2007
[29] A Muthitacharoen, R Morris, TM Gil, B Chen. Ivy: A read/write peer-to-peer file system. Proc. of OSDI, 2002
[30] Microsoft. User-mode vs. Kernel-mode Drivers. Microsoft TechNet, 2003
[31] Mark E. Russinovich, David A. Solomon. Microsoft? Windows? Internals, Fourth Edition: Microsoft Windows Server? 2003, Windows XP, and Windows 2000. Washington: Microsoft Press, 2004. 184~211
[32] R Nagar. Windows NT file system internals: a developer's guide. O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. Sebastopol, CA, USA, 1997
[33] AH Baker, A Baker. The Windows NT Device Driver Book: A Guide for Programmers. Prentice Hall, 1997
[34]武安河,周利莉. Windows设备驱动程序(VxD与WDM)开发实务.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
[35]陈性元,宋国文. Windows的VxD技术分析.小型微型计算机系统,2000
[36]刘亚洲,纪延超. Windows 95下虚拟设备驱动程序的编制与应用.微型机与应用,1999
[37] Microsoft. Windows Driver Kit (WDK) Documentation. http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/DevTools/WDK/WDKdocs.mspx
[38] Walter Oney. Programming the Microsoft Windows Driver Model. Microsoft Press, 2003
[39] A Baker, J Lozano. Windows 2000设备驱动程序设计指南.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[40] Microsoft. Windows Server 2003 DDK. http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/DevTools/ddk/default.mspx
[41]郭学涛.基于DriverStudio的USB设备驱动程序开发.现代电子技术,2004
[42]郑伟绩.用DriverStudio开发PCI设备驱动程序.微型机与应用,2002
[43] Microsoft. Debugging Tools for Windows. http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/devtools/debugging/default.mspx
[44] J Robbins. Debugging Windows Based Applications Using Windbg. Miscrosoft Systems Journal, 1999
[45]周京生. WINDBG在NT设备驱动程序调试中的应用.计算机应用研究,2000
[46] Jolyon Wright. Remote Kernel Debugging with WinDbg. http://www.wd-3.com/archive/RemoteDbg.htm
[47] N Nicolaisen. Development Tools (SoftIce for Windows NT Product Information). Computer Shopper Apr, 1997
[48] John Robbins. Using SoftICE. Compuware/Numega, 1999. http://rapidshare.com/files/77155566/Using_SoftICE.pdf
[49]徐国栋,白英彩.加密文件系统在Windows下的实现.微型电脑应用, 2006
[50] VMware.“VMware Products”. http://www.vmware.com/products
[2] F Hoch, M Kerr, A Griffith. Software as a Service: Strategic Backgrounder. Software & Information Industry Association (SIIA). 2000
[3]唐敬年,宋丹峰,张怡.计算机系统软件成本构成及估算方法.中国资产评估,2000
[4] Federica Troni, Michael A. Silver. Use Processes and Tools to Reduce TCO for PCs, 2005- 2006 Update. Gartner Group
[5] M Annamalai, A Birrell, D Fetterly, T Wobber. Implementing Portable Desktops: A New Option and Comparisons. research.microsoft.com, 2006
[6] R. Caceres, C. Carter, C. Narayanaswami, M. Raghunath. Reincarnating PCs with portable SoulPads. Proceedings of Mobisys, 2005
[7]中国互联网实验室. 2005年度中国软件盗版率调查报告,2006年4月
[8]郑强,甘岚. ASP模式在企业信息化中的应用.计算机与现代化,2002
[9]张庆武,郭东强.电子商务时代中小企业的CRM战略管理.商业研究,2005
[10]谢亿民.依靠“标准化”的托管CRM.软件世界,2006年5期
[11]肖迪. CRM托管不是下一个ASP.软件世界,2006年5期
[12] L Ang, F Buttle. CRM software applications and business performance. Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, 2006
[13] Salesforce. CRM - The Leader In Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) - salesforce.com. http://www.salesforce.com/
[14] G Gianforte, RN Technologies. The Insider’s Guide to Customer Service on the Web. RightNow Technologies, White Paper, 2001
[15] RightNow. On Demand CRM Software and Solutions by RightNow Technologies. http://www.rightnow.com/
[16] NetSuite.“NetSuite”. http://www.netsuite.com/
[17]金山软件.“金山在线”. http://www.kingsoft.com/
[18] C Gur?u, A Ranchhod, R Hackney. Customer-Centric Strategic Planning: Integrating CRM in Online Business Systems. Information Technology and Management, 2003
[19]马沛. SaaS模式下的淘金者.程序员,2007
[20]史历峰.谁更适合你?——中小企业在线租用式CRM对比.中国科技信息,2006
[21]刘梅.软件租着用.中国计算机用户,2006
[22] Omer Qureshi.“SoftGrid Application Virtualization”. Microsoft, Feb, 2007
[23] Microsoft,“Microsoft SoftGrid Application Virtualization: Under the Covers”, Feb, 2007
[24] Microsoft. Filter Driver Development Guide. http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/driver/filterdrv/default.mspx
[25]驱动程序开发网技术社区.“驱动开发-中国电子顶级开发网国内最顶级的开发者论坛”. http://www.driverdevelop.com/
[26] S Androutsellis-Theotokis, D Spinellis. A survey of peer-to-peer content distribution technologies. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 2004
[27] P2P中国. PPCN.NET. http://www.ppcn.net/
[28] Chris McEniry. Moobi: A Thin Server Management System Using BitTorrent. Sony Computer Entertainment America, Pp. 253-260 of the Proceedings. 2007
[29] A Muthitacharoen, R Morris, TM Gil, B Chen. Ivy: A read/write peer-to-peer file system. Proc. of OSDI, 2002
[30] Microsoft. User-mode vs. Kernel-mode Drivers. Microsoft TechNet, 2003
[31] Mark E. Russinovich, David A. Solomon. Microsoft? Windows? Internals, Fourth Edition: Microsoft Windows Server? 2003, Windows XP, and Windows 2000. Washington: Microsoft Press, 2004. 184~211
[32] R Nagar. Windows NT file system internals: a developer's guide. O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. Sebastopol, CA, USA, 1997
[33] AH Baker, A Baker. The Windows NT Device Driver Book: A Guide for Programmers. Prentice Hall, 1997
[34]武安河,周利莉. Windows设备驱动程序(VxD与WDM)开发实务.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
[35]陈性元,宋国文. Windows的VxD技术分析.小型微型计算机系统,2000
[36]刘亚洲,纪延超. Windows 95下虚拟设备驱动程序的编制与应用.微型机与应用,1999
[37] Microsoft. Windows Driver Kit (WDK) Documentation. http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/DevTools/WDK/WDKdocs.mspx
[38] Walter Oney. Programming the Microsoft Windows Driver Model. Microsoft Press, 2003
[39] A Baker, J Lozano. Windows 2000设备驱动程序设计指南.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[40] Microsoft. Windows Server 2003 DDK. http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/DevTools/ddk/default.mspx
[41]郭学涛.基于DriverStudio的USB设备驱动程序开发.现代电子技术,2004
[42]郑伟绩.用DriverStudio开发PCI设备驱动程序.微型机与应用,2002
[43] Microsoft. Debugging Tools for Windows. http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/devtools/debugging/default.mspx
[44] J Robbins. Debugging Windows Based Applications Using Windbg. Miscrosoft Systems Journal, 1999
[45]周京生. WINDBG在NT设备驱动程序调试中的应用.计算机应用研究,2000
[46] Jolyon Wright. Remote Kernel Debugging with WinDbg. http://www.wd-3.com/archive/RemoteDbg.htm
[47] N Nicolaisen. Development Tools (SoftIce for Windows NT Product Information). Computer Shopper Apr, 1997
[48] John Robbins. Using SoftICE. Compuware/Numega, 1999. http://rapidshare.com/files/77155566/Using_SoftICE.pdf
[49]徐国栋,白英彩.加密文件系统在Windows下的实现.微型电脑应用, 2006
[50] VMware.“VMware Products”. http://www.vmware.com/products