基于RSVIEW组态的汽车总成跟踪系统
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摘要
随着信息技术的发展,多车型混线生产的科技含量越来越高,汽车生产正从劳动密集型向科技密集型发展。汽车装配不单靠手工将零部件装配起来,是全自动化的装配线。匹配车身零件,对装配信息进行追溯,监控整个生产过程监控过程,对故障快速反应显得非常重要。对汽车总成跟踪系统进行深入研究具有很重要的意义。本文主要从以下几个方面进行了研究：
本文对汽车总成跟踪系统架构进行研究。系统由五部分组成：车间总览监控、生产线级监控、设备级监控、零件防差错、零件可追溯。跟踪系统对生产线运行状态监控、车身位置属性跟踪、各种设备运行状态跟踪等研究,汽车关键件装配进行匹配研究,防止不同车型的零件装错,对已装配的零件做到可追溯,为车身跟踪提供可查询数据。为实现以上功能,本文研究了以下两方面的技术：
基于RSVIEW组态的汽车总成跟踪图形设计。系统利用RSVIEW平台提供的标准图形库,组建基本的监控画面,将画面的图形属性如颜色、可见性、大小等和底层设备数据相连,反映底层设备运行状况。底层数据还可以和数据库相连,将设备运行的故障原因,影响生产的时间记录到数据库,以供查询。当RSVIEW图形库满足不了需要时,利用其它绘图工具生成图形对象,添加到图形库,大大扩展了监控功能。
底层数据标准通讯协议——OPC协议。上位系统需要从各种设备获取底层数据,如果各种设备的数据驱动不同,那么上位机程序采集各种设备的数据方式将不一样。OPC协议提供了一个统一的通讯规则,所有硬件设备制造商只要按照OPC协议编写数据驱动,调用统一标准接口,上下位之间即可相互通讯,打破了各种类型设备和上位系统的通讯壁垒。OPC协议是二进制级通讯协议,不受编程语言种类的影响,都可以调用OPC标准通讯协议接口。实现上位程序和底层数据的通讯畅通。
With information technological development, multi-model mixed-line production is increasing high-tech, moving from labor-intensive to technology-intensive development. Automotive assembly not only rely on manually assembled components together, but on automation assembly line. It is very important to match body parts, to track back assembling information,to monitor the entire production process,to response to the fault quickly. It's very important significant to study auto assembly line tracking system deeply. It was studied in the following two aspects.
Overall system architecture was studied in this paper. System consists of five parts:workshop overview monitoring, production line-level monitoring, device-level monitoring, part anti-error, tracing back assembled parts. The system monitors production line status, tracks vehicle location attribute and a variety of devices running status, matches the key parts for cars assembled, prevents the different models of parts installed wrong, traces back parts that have been assembled, provides data for vehicle tracking. To achieve the above functions, two technologies of the following were researched in this paper:
Monitoring graphic design based on RSVIEW configuration.The system built up the basic monitoring screen,With a standard graphics library of RSVIEW platform, connected the underlying data status of equipment to graphics attributes such as color, visibility, size, etc,reflecting the underlying status of equipment operation. The underlying data can also be connected to database and record the cause of the malfunction and time of interrupt for queries. When RSVIEW graphics library can not meet the need, we can use other drawing tools to generate graphical objects, add to the graphics library, expanded monitoring capabilities greatly.
The underlying data standards, communication protocols-OPC protocol. Host systems require access to the underlying data from a variety of devices, if the various types of equipment have different data-driven, then the host program collected a variety of devices will not be the same way. OPC protocol provides a unified communications rules, as long as hardware device manufacturers develop data-driven as OPC protocol, call a unified standard interface,all device can communication each other, breaking the communication barriers of various types of equipment. OPC protocol is a binary-level communication protocols, without the impact of programming language. Programmer can call the OPC standard communication protocol interface. It achieve communication flow between upper procedure and underlying data.
本文对汽车总成跟踪系统架构进行研究。系统由五部分组成：车间总览监控、生产线级监控、设备级监控、零件防差错、零件可追溯。跟踪系统对生产线运行状态监控、车身位置属性跟踪、各种设备运行状态跟踪等研究,汽车关键件装配进行匹配研究,防止不同车型的零件装错,对已装配的零件做到可追溯,为车身跟踪提供可查询数据。为实现以上功能,本文研究了以下两方面的技术：
基于RSVIEW组态的汽车总成跟踪图形设计。系统利用RSVIEW平台提供的标准图形库,组建基本的监控画面,将画面的图形属性如颜色、可见性、大小等和底层设备数据相连,反映底层设备运行状况。底层数据还可以和数据库相连,将设备运行的故障原因,影响生产的时间记录到数据库,以供查询。当RSVIEW图形库满足不了需要时,利用其它绘图工具生成图形对象,添加到图形库,大大扩展了监控功能。
底层数据标准通讯协议——OPC协议。上位系统需要从各种设备获取底层数据,如果各种设备的数据驱动不同,那么上位机程序采集各种设备的数据方式将不一样。OPC协议提供了一个统一的通讯规则,所有硬件设备制造商只要按照OPC协议编写数据驱动,调用统一标准接口,上下位之间即可相互通讯,打破了各种类型设备和上位系统的通讯壁垒。OPC协议是二进制级通讯协议,不受编程语言种类的影响,都可以调用OPC标准通讯协议接口。实现上位程序和底层数据的通讯畅通。
With information technological development, multi-model mixed-line production is increasing high-tech, moving from labor-intensive to technology-intensive development. Automotive assembly not only rely on manually assembled components together, but on automation assembly line. It is very important to match body parts, to track back assembling information,to monitor the entire production process,to response to the fault quickly. It's very important significant to study auto assembly line tracking system deeply. It was studied in the following two aspects.
Overall system architecture was studied in this paper. System consists of five parts:workshop overview monitoring, production line-level monitoring, device-level monitoring, part anti-error, tracing back assembled parts. The system monitors production line status, tracks vehicle location attribute and a variety of devices running status, matches the key parts for cars assembled, prevents the different models of parts installed wrong, traces back parts that have been assembled, provides data for vehicle tracking. To achieve the above functions, two technologies of the following were researched in this paper:
Monitoring graphic design based on RSVIEW configuration.The system built up the basic monitoring screen,With a standard graphics library of RSVIEW platform, connected the underlying data status of equipment to graphics attributes such as color, visibility, size, etc,reflecting the underlying status of equipment operation. The underlying data can also be connected to database and record the cause of the malfunction and time of interrupt for queries. When RSVIEW graphics library can not meet the need, we can use other drawing tools to generate graphical objects, add to the graphics library, expanded monitoring capabilities greatly.
The underlying data standards, communication protocols-OPC protocol. Host systems require access to the underlying data from a variety of devices, if the various types of equipment have different data-driven, then the host program collected a variety of devices will not be the same way. OPC protocol provides a unified communications rules, as long as hardware device manufacturers develop data-driven as OPC protocol, call a unified standard interface,all device can communication each other, breaking the communication barriers of various types of equipment. OPC protocol is a binary-level communication protocols, without the impact of programming language. Programmer can call the OPC standard communication protocol interface. It achieve communication flow between upper procedure and underlying data.
引文
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[2]Michael Mecllan, Applying Manufacturing Execution Systems[J]. CRC Press,1997, 32 (2):10-12
[3]马力强,关于我国现代物流发展的思考[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2000,12(1)：1-5
[4]郎茂样,物流配送车辆调度问题的模型和算法研究[D].[博十学位论文].北京：北方交通大学,2001
[5]李正军,现场总线与工业以太网及其应用系统设计[D].北京人民邮电出版社2006.2
[6]陈忠华,可编程控制器与工业自动化系统[D].北京机械工业出版社2005
[7]Nilsson J,Bernhardsson B,Wittenmark B.stochastic analysis and control of real-time systems with random time delays[J].Automatica,1998,34 (1):34-40
[8]Modbus-IDA, MODBUS Application Protocol Specification V1.1a. http://www. modbus.org/does/Modbus_Application_Protocol_V1_1a.pdf[EB/OL].2004-6-4.
[9]刘玉坤,张晓萍.企业物流是我国物流业发展的关键[J].中国物资流通,2002,45(3)：48-53
[10]James Cooper,Michael Browne and Melvyn Peter, European Logistics Market [M] Management and Strategy,1998
[11]刘谦,SQLServer2000数据库管理员指南[M].北京：机械工业出版社2002,15-18
[12]王福成,VISualBasic6.0数据库开发指南[M].北京：清华大学出版社2000,89-101
[13]夏德海主编.现场总线技术[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2003,45-57
[14]朱荣,现场总线及其网络集成[J].昆明理工大学学报,2001,31(1)：25-30
[15]吴功宜,计算机网络(第三版)[M].天津：南开大学出版社,1996：57-59
[16]何虹,谭永东.基于OPC的开放分布式监控系统的研究与实现[J].微电脑世界,1997,32(3)：45-47
[17]李瑞,刘鹏远,张锡恩.Vega程序设计在MFC中的应用[J].计算机工程与设计.2002,23(8)：32-45
[18]Michacl,A.Olson. Selecting and implementing an embedded database system[M]. Computer 2000,2000
[19]Hongtao Yang,Eagleson,R.Design and implementation of an Internet-based embedded control system. Control Applications[J].2003, Vol.1:1123-1145
[20]Mayfield, Cadman著.刘云,孔雷译.C服/DC服编程指南[M].清华大学出版社.2000.
[21]蔡翔云,郑小虎,姜麟.OPC规范及开发应用[J],昆明理工大学学报,2002,45(3)：1-4
[22]赵巍,现代轿车总装车间工厂设计[J].工程建设与设计.2002,36(2)：23-40
[23]黄福华,现代企业物流运作与管理[M].湖南：湖南人民出版社,2001：42-45
[24]张文超,李京,陈伟彬等.OPC技术在工业以太网控制系统中的应用[J].自动化仪表2002,35(3)：45-67
[25]Yu Dingli, Yu Dingwen and GommJ.Barry Neural model adaptation and Predictive control of a Chemical process rig[J].IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 2006, 14(5):82-84
[26]Merabet Adel, Ouhrouche Mohand, Bui Rung-Tien and Ezzaidi Hassan, Neural-Predictive control based speed and flux tracking in induction motor drives[J], Proceedings of the 7th IASTED International Conference on Control and Applications, Cancun, Mexieo, CA, May 18-20,2005,24-29
[27]李京,宋真军,吴勤勤,凌志浩.工控软件互操作规范OPC技术讲座[J].自动化仪表2004,33(4)：23-25
[28]徐国君,李成利.OPC技术及其在工业控制中的应用[J].青岛科技大学学报,2003,24(6)：476-495.
[29]李国厚,OPC技术与控制系统集成[J].测控自动化,2004,20(2)：37-48.
[30]徐士信,浅谈OPC技术及其应用[J].石油化工自动化,2000,(5)：12-19.
[31]David S.Platt, The Essence of COM.第3版[M].信达工作室译.北京：人民邮电出版社,2001.
[32]薛福珍,林盛荣,唐瑛,基于OPC数据访问规范的客户端软件研究于开发[J],计算机工程,2003,28(4)：226-247.
[33]OPC Foundation, OPC Data Access Custom Interface Specfication 2.05[EB/OL]. http://www.opcfoundation.org.2002-6-28.
[34]潘爱民,COM原理与应用[J].清华大学出版社.1999,11(1)：19-27.
[35]OPC国际基金会中国办事处,OPC技术综述[M].北京：OPC国际基金会中国办事处.2005
[36]Smith Jack.OPC to launch unified architecture[J].Reed Business Information, 2005,23(1):5-9
[37]Spyros T, Nikolaos P P.Ineremental fuzzy expert PID control[J].IEEE Transactions on Indu _strial Eleetronics,1996,37(5):36-37.
[38]Miehail P.Fuzzy PID control of nonlinear plants.2002 First International[J].IEEE Sympos_ium "Intelligent Systems",2002:40-45.
[39]谭民,刘禹,曾隽芳等.OPC技术系统功能及应用指南[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007.
[40]EPC与物联网,高层论坛办公室“RFID射频识别技术”简介与应用分析[EB/OL].2004-10-10.http://gov.finance.sina.com.cn/zsyz/2004-10-10/29608.html
[41]胡问国,王威廉,胡兴华等.射频识别技术与物流供应链革新[C].RFID&EPC应用高级研讨会(深圳)论文集.国标准化协会和物联网应用标准化推进委员会,2005：24-30.
[42]游战清,无所不能的识别芯片RFID[J].物流技术与应用,2004,(1)：78-85.
[43]谢勇,彭涛RFID标签——可以取代条形码的高新科技[J]. Packaging Engineering Vol.20No5.1999
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