基于代理的小型风光互补供电系统的研究
摘要
随着经济的增长,全球各国对能源的需求也日益增加,同时人们对环境保护也日益重视,人们迫切需要可再生能源。本文根据风光互补发电系统的结构特点,结合代理控制技术,完成风光互补发电的控制。采用DSP2821为控制器,通过PWM开关电源进行电压变换,满足系统各部分供电需求。整个系统工作正常、稳定。
论文首先介绍了风光互补发电系统的整体结构,并分别阐述了风力发电、太阳能发电和蓄电池充放电原理及相应的电路拓扑的选择,提出了系统追求的目标。然后,介绍了代理的概念、结构和求解方式。最后,分别对风力发电、太阳能发电和蓄电池充放电三部分建立了代理结构模型。
进而,对太阳能发电选择的Boost电路拓扑,进行了电路参数的设计、连续小信号模型的建立,并建立传递函数,然后进行电路补偿的设计。对风力发电选择的Buck-Boost电路拓扑,进行了电路参数的设计并根据传递函数进行了电路补偿的设计。
接着,又阐述了铅酸蓄电池的特性及蓄电池的充电方法,并对充放电部分选择的Buck-Boost双向变换电路进行了介绍,并对Buck电路进行了电路参数和电路控制方法的设计。由于补偿的是模拟控制器,文中又给出了模拟控制器的数字化方法。
最后,阐述了在代理控制下的软件设计流程,给出了部分辅助电路和波形图,经过波形的分析表明系统工作稳定、可靠。
本论文详细论述了小型风光互补发电系统的整个设计过程,引入了代理机制,为新能源发电开拓了新思路。其中,代理模型的建立为多风机、多太阳能板联合发电提供了框架结构。
With economic growth, countries around the world demand for energy urgently. At the same time, it is also increasing emphasis on importance of environmental protection. Renewable energy sources are urgently needed. According to the structural characteristics of wind&PV power supply and agent control technology, it completes the control of wind&PV power supply.
In this paper, first it introduces the overall structure of hybrid power systems, and then expounds wind power generation, solar power generation and battery charging and discharging principles. It proposes the aims of system and corresponding choice of circuit topology. Then, it introduces the concept, structure and solution methods of agency. Finally, it establishes the agent model of the three parts.
Furthermore, it chooses Boost circuit topology to meet the demand of solar power generation, and designs the circuit design parameters, establishes continuous small-signal model, and establishes the compensation circuit design.
It describes the characteristics of lead-acid batteries and battery charging method, and introduces Buck-Boost circuit. It also designs the Buck circuit design parameters, and establishes the compensation circuit design. Because operation is an analog controller, this paper introduces digital simulation method of the controller.
At last, it elaborates the software flow pattern on the agent control, and Parts of the auxiliary circuit. After waveform analysis it shows that system is stable and Reliable.
This paper discusses the design process of small-scale wind&PV power supply systems, and introduces of the agent mechanism. It develops a new way for energy power generation. The agent model provides a framework structure for the coordination power supply of more fans and more solar panels.
论文首先介绍了风光互补发电系统的整体结构,并分别阐述了风力发电、太阳能发电和蓄电池充放电原理及相应的电路拓扑的选择,提出了系统追求的目标。然后,介绍了代理的概念、结构和求解方式。最后,分别对风力发电、太阳能发电和蓄电池充放电三部分建立了代理结构模型。
进而,对太阳能发电选择的Boost电路拓扑,进行了电路参数的设计、连续小信号模型的建立,并建立传递函数,然后进行电路补偿的设计。对风力发电选择的Buck-Boost电路拓扑,进行了电路参数的设计并根据传递函数进行了电路补偿的设计。
接着,又阐述了铅酸蓄电池的特性及蓄电池的充电方法,并对充放电部分选择的Buck-Boost双向变换电路进行了介绍,并对Buck电路进行了电路参数和电路控制方法的设计。由于补偿的是模拟控制器,文中又给出了模拟控制器的数字化方法。
最后,阐述了在代理控制下的软件设计流程,给出了部分辅助电路和波形图,经过波形的分析表明系统工作稳定、可靠。
本论文详细论述了小型风光互补发电系统的整个设计过程,引入了代理机制,为新能源发电开拓了新思路。其中,代理模型的建立为多风机、多太阳能板联合发电提供了框架结构。
With economic growth, countries around the world demand for energy urgently. At the same time, it is also increasing emphasis on importance of environmental protection. Renewable energy sources are urgently needed. According to the structural characteristics of wind&PV power supply and agent control technology, it completes the control of wind&PV power supply.
In this paper, first it introduces the overall structure of hybrid power systems, and then expounds wind power generation, solar power generation and battery charging and discharging principles. It proposes the aims of system and corresponding choice of circuit topology. Then, it introduces the concept, structure and solution methods of agency. Finally, it establishes the agent model of the three parts.
Furthermore, it chooses Boost circuit topology to meet the demand of solar power generation, and designs the circuit design parameters, establishes continuous small-signal model, and establishes the compensation circuit design.
It describes the characteristics of lead-acid batteries and battery charging method, and introduces Buck-Boost circuit. It also designs the Buck circuit design parameters, and establishes the compensation circuit design. Because operation is an analog controller, this paper introduces digital simulation method of the controller.
At last, it elaborates the software flow pattern on the agent control, and Parts of the auxiliary circuit. After waveform analysis it shows that system is stable and Reliable.
This paper discusses the design process of small-scale wind&PV power supply systems, and introduces of the agent mechanism. It develops a new way for energy power generation. The agent model provides a framework structure for the coordination power supply of more fans and more solar panels.
引文
1莫知.风力发电机的发展史.海洋世界. 2007,3:27~29
2祁和生,沈德昌.当前国内风力发电产业发展概况.机械工业标准化与质量. 2009,11:14~16
3王斯成.国内外光伏发电现状及趋势.中国电力发展与改革研究. 2009,12:22~25
4 R.D. Prasad. Some of the design and methodology considerations in wind resource assessment. Renewable power generation, IET. 2009,3(1):53~64
5穆志君,关欣,刘鹏.太阳能光伏光热一体化系统运行实验研究.节能技术. 2009,27(5):445~447
6佩石.带有最大功率点跟踪功能的光伏充电器.可再生能源2003:18~20
7卞海红.可再生能源微网发电系统的可行性研究.电力需求侧管理. 2008,10(5):10~13
8李丹,彭军,余岳峰.离网型风光互补发电系统匹配方法优化研究.华东电力. 2008,36(3):86~90
9陈桂兰,孙晓,李然.光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪控制.电子技术应用. 2001:33~35
10罗俊,杨林,郭敬爱.基于PIC单片机的智能充电器设计.电力电子技术. 2008,12(8):73~75
11王瑜,黎灿兵,苏黼.风一光联合供能系统.河南电力. 2008,3:13~16
12杜荣华,张婧,王丽宏等.风光互补发电系统简介.节能. 2007,296(3):36~38
13朱芳,王培红.风能与太阳能光伏互补发电应用及其优化.上海电力. 2009,1:23~26
14方燕,马金花,高善峰.风光互补路灯系统的优化设计方法.可再生能源.2009,27(1):88~92
15曹江华,杨向宇,姚佳.双转子永磁同步风力发电机设计与应用.微电机. 2008,41(2):65~85
16凌禹,张同庄,邱雪峰.直驱式风力发电系统最大风能追踪策略研究.电力电子技术. 2007,41(7):1~5
17 W.D. Kellogg, M.H. Nehrir, G. Venkataramanan. Generation unit sizing and cost analysis for stand-alone winding, photovoltaic, and hybrid wind/PV Systems. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 1998,13(1):70~75
18何山,王维庆,吴小艳.永磁同步发电机电枢反应去磁效应的分析.防爆电机.2005,2(40):8~17
19尹明,李庚银,张建成.直驱式永磁同步风力发电机组建模及其控制策略.电网技术.2007,31(15):61~65
20姚佳,杨向宇,陈权涛.外转子永磁同步风力发电机运行工作点的研究.微电机. 2007,40(2):21~22
21杜新梅,刘坚栋,李泓.新型风力发电系统.高电压技术. 2005,31(1):63~65
22吴迪,张建文.变速直驱永磁风力发电机控制系统的研究.大电机技术. 2006,6:51~55
23 T. Y. Lee,C. L. Chen. Wind-photovoltaic capacity coordination for a time-of-use rate industrial user. IET Renewable power generation. 2009,3(2):152~167
24 Francois Giraud. Steady-state performance of a grid-connected rooftop hybrid wind–photovoltaic power system with battery storage. IEEE Transanctions on energy conversion. 2001,16(1):1~7
25 K. Agbossou, J. Hamelin, A. Laperriere. Load commutation for stand alone wind and PV hydrogen energy system. Electrical and computer engineering, 2000 Canadian Conference on. 2000,1:555~558
26 F. Valenciaga, P. F. Puleston, P. E. Battaiotto, R. J. Mantz. Passivity/sliding mode control of a stand-alone hybrid generation system. Control theory and applications, IEEE Transactions on. 2000,147(6):680~686
27 Meei-Song Kang. Generation cost assessment of an isolated power system with a fuzzy wind power generation model. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2007,22(2):397~404
28 R. Karki, Po Hu, R. Billinton. A simplified wind power generation model for reliability evaluation. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2006,21(2):533~540
29 Meei-Song Kang, Chao-Shun Chen, Yu-Lung Ke. Load profile synthesis and wind-power-generation prediction for an isolated power system. Industry applications, IEEE Transactions on. 2007,43(6):1459~1464
30 Jianhui Wang, M. Shahidehpour, Zuyi Li. Security-constrained unit commitment with volatile wind power generation. Power systems, IEEE Transactions on. 2008,23(3):1319~1327
31 F. Bouffard, F. D. Galiana. Stochastic security for operations planning with significant wind power generation. Power systems, IEEE Transactions on. 2008,23(2):306~316
32 G. W. Ault, K. R. W. Bell, S. J. Galloway. Calculation of economic transmissionconnection capacity for wind power generation. Renewable power generation, IET. 2007,1(1):61~69
33 E. Roman, R. Alonso, P. Ibanez. Intelligent PV module for grid-connected PV systems. Industrial electronics, IEEE Transactions on. 2006,53(4):1066~1073
34 T. Noguchi, S. Togashi, R. Nakamoto. Short-current pulse based maximum power point tracking method for multiple photovoltaic-and-converter module system. Industrial electronics, IEEE Transactions on.2002,49(1):217~223
35 A. Yazdani, P. P. Dash. A control methodology and characterization of dynamics for a photovoltaic (PV) system interfaced with a distribution network. power delivery, IEEE Transactions on. 2009,24(3):1538~1551
36 W. Libo, Z. Zhengming. A single-stage three-phase grid-connected photovoltaic System with modified MPPT method and reactive power compensation. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2007,22(4):881~886
37 G. Velasco-Quesada, F. Guinjoan-Gispert, R. Pique-Lopez. Electrical PV array reconfiguration strategy for energy extraction improvement in grid-connected PV systems. Industrial electronics, IEEE Transactions on. 2009,56(11):4319~4331
38 S. B. Kjaer, J. K. Pedersen, F. Blaabjerg. A review of single-phase grid-connected inverters for photovoltaic modules, Industrial electronics, IEEE Transactions on.2005,41(5):1292-1306.
39 T. Senjyu, M. Datta, A. Yona, K. Chul-Hwan. A control method for small utility connected large PV system to reduce frequency deviation using a minimal-order observer. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2009,24(2):520~528
40 A. Woyte, V. V. Thong, R. Belmans, J. Nijs, Voltage ?uctuations on distribution level introduced by photovoltaic systems. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2006,21(1):202~209
41 T. Mita, On the estimating errors and the structures of the identity observers and minimal order observers, Int. J. Control.1978,27(3):441~454
42王岩,光伏发电系统MPPT控制方法的研究.华北电力大学硕士学位论文. 2007:7
43周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.充电器电路设计与应用.人民邮电出版社. 2005,10:14
44 Z. A. Othman, A. AbuBakar, A. R. Hamdan. Agent based preprocessing. ICIAS International Conference on. 2007:219~223
45 O. Shehory, K. Sucara, P. Chalasani. Agent cloning: an approach to Agent mobility and resource allocation. Communications Magazine, IEEE. 1998,36(7):63~67
46 Seung Man Lee, A. R. Pritchett. Predicting interactions between agents inagent-based modeling and simulation of sociotechnical systems. Systems and humans, IEEE Transactions on. 2008,38(6):1210~1220
47 S. Pleisch, A. Schiper, Fault-tolerant mobile agent execution. Computers, IEEE Transactions on. 2003:52(2):209~222
48 A. W. Colombo, R. Schoop, R. Neuber. An agent-based intelligent control platform for industrial holonic manufacturing systems. Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on. 2006:53(1):322~337
2祁和生,沈德昌.当前国内风力发电产业发展概况.机械工业标准化与质量. 2009,11:14~16
3王斯成.国内外光伏发电现状及趋势.中国电力发展与改革研究. 2009,12:22~25
4 R.D. Prasad. Some of the design and methodology considerations in wind resource assessment. Renewable power generation, IET. 2009,3(1):53~64
5穆志君,关欣,刘鹏.太阳能光伏光热一体化系统运行实验研究.节能技术. 2009,27(5):445~447
6佩石.带有最大功率点跟踪功能的光伏充电器.可再生能源2003:18~20
7卞海红.可再生能源微网发电系统的可行性研究.电力需求侧管理. 2008,10(5):10~13
8李丹,彭军,余岳峰.离网型风光互补发电系统匹配方法优化研究.华东电力. 2008,36(3):86~90
9陈桂兰,孙晓,李然.光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪控制.电子技术应用. 2001:33~35
10罗俊,杨林,郭敬爱.基于PIC单片机的智能充电器设计.电力电子技术. 2008,12(8):73~75
11王瑜,黎灿兵,苏黼.风一光联合供能系统.河南电力. 2008,3:13~16
12杜荣华,张婧,王丽宏等.风光互补发电系统简介.节能. 2007,296(3):36~38
13朱芳,王培红.风能与太阳能光伏互补发电应用及其优化.上海电力. 2009,1:23~26
14方燕,马金花,高善峰.风光互补路灯系统的优化设计方法.可再生能源.2009,27(1):88~92
15曹江华,杨向宇,姚佳.双转子永磁同步风力发电机设计与应用.微电机. 2008,41(2):65~85
16凌禹,张同庄,邱雪峰.直驱式风力发电系统最大风能追踪策略研究.电力电子技术. 2007,41(7):1~5
17 W.D. Kellogg, M.H. Nehrir, G. Venkataramanan. Generation unit sizing and cost analysis for stand-alone winding, photovoltaic, and hybrid wind/PV Systems. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 1998,13(1):70~75
18何山,王维庆,吴小艳.永磁同步发电机电枢反应去磁效应的分析.防爆电机.2005,2(40):8~17
19尹明,李庚银,张建成.直驱式永磁同步风力发电机组建模及其控制策略.电网技术.2007,31(15):61~65
20姚佳,杨向宇,陈权涛.外转子永磁同步风力发电机运行工作点的研究.微电机. 2007,40(2):21~22
21杜新梅,刘坚栋,李泓.新型风力发电系统.高电压技术. 2005,31(1):63~65
22吴迪,张建文.变速直驱永磁风力发电机控制系统的研究.大电机技术. 2006,6:51~55
23 T. Y. Lee,C. L. Chen. Wind-photovoltaic capacity coordination for a time-of-use rate industrial user. IET Renewable power generation. 2009,3(2):152~167
24 Francois Giraud. Steady-state performance of a grid-connected rooftop hybrid wind–photovoltaic power system with battery storage. IEEE Transanctions on energy conversion. 2001,16(1):1~7
25 K. Agbossou, J. Hamelin, A. Laperriere. Load commutation for stand alone wind and PV hydrogen energy system. Electrical and computer engineering, 2000 Canadian Conference on. 2000,1:555~558
26 F. Valenciaga, P. F. Puleston, P. E. Battaiotto, R. J. Mantz. Passivity/sliding mode control of a stand-alone hybrid generation system. Control theory and applications, IEEE Transactions on. 2000,147(6):680~686
27 Meei-Song Kang. Generation cost assessment of an isolated power system with a fuzzy wind power generation model. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2007,22(2):397~404
28 R. Karki, Po Hu, R. Billinton. A simplified wind power generation model for reliability evaluation. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2006,21(2):533~540
29 Meei-Song Kang, Chao-Shun Chen, Yu-Lung Ke. Load profile synthesis and wind-power-generation prediction for an isolated power system. Industry applications, IEEE Transactions on. 2007,43(6):1459~1464
30 Jianhui Wang, M. Shahidehpour, Zuyi Li. Security-constrained unit commitment with volatile wind power generation. Power systems, IEEE Transactions on. 2008,23(3):1319~1327
31 F. Bouffard, F. D. Galiana. Stochastic security for operations planning with significant wind power generation. Power systems, IEEE Transactions on. 2008,23(2):306~316
32 G. W. Ault, K. R. W. Bell, S. J. Galloway. Calculation of economic transmissionconnection capacity for wind power generation. Renewable power generation, IET. 2007,1(1):61~69
33 E. Roman, R. Alonso, P. Ibanez. Intelligent PV module for grid-connected PV systems. Industrial electronics, IEEE Transactions on. 2006,53(4):1066~1073
34 T. Noguchi, S. Togashi, R. Nakamoto. Short-current pulse based maximum power point tracking method for multiple photovoltaic-and-converter module system. Industrial electronics, IEEE Transactions on.2002,49(1):217~223
35 A. Yazdani, P. P. Dash. A control methodology and characterization of dynamics for a photovoltaic (PV) system interfaced with a distribution network. power delivery, IEEE Transactions on. 2009,24(3):1538~1551
36 W. Libo, Z. Zhengming. A single-stage three-phase grid-connected photovoltaic System with modified MPPT method and reactive power compensation. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2007,22(4):881~886
37 G. Velasco-Quesada, F. Guinjoan-Gispert, R. Pique-Lopez. Electrical PV array reconfiguration strategy for energy extraction improvement in grid-connected PV systems. Industrial electronics, IEEE Transactions on. 2009,56(11):4319~4331
38 S. B. Kjaer, J. K. Pedersen, F. Blaabjerg. A review of single-phase grid-connected inverters for photovoltaic modules, Industrial electronics, IEEE Transactions on.2005,41(5):1292-1306.
39 T. Senjyu, M. Datta, A. Yona, K. Chul-Hwan. A control method for small utility connected large PV system to reduce frequency deviation using a minimal-order observer. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2009,24(2):520~528
40 A. Woyte, V. V. Thong, R. Belmans, J. Nijs, Voltage ?uctuations on distribution level introduced by photovoltaic systems. Energy conversion, IEEE Transactions on. 2006,21(1):202~209
41 T. Mita, On the estimating errors and the structures of the identity observers and minimal order observers, Int. J. Control.1978,27(3):441~454
42王岩,光伏发电系统MPPT控制方法的研究.华北电力大学硕士学位论文. 2007:7
43周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.充电器电路设计与应用.人民邮电出版社. 2005,10:14
44 Z. A. Othman, A. AbuBakar, A. R. Hamdan. Agent based preprocessing. ICIAS International Conference on. 2007:219~223
45 O. Shehory, K. Sucara, P. Chalasani. Agent cloning: an approach to Agent mobility and resource allocation. Communications Magazine, IEEE. 1998,36(7):63~67
46 Seung Man Lee, A. R. Pritchett. Predicting interactions between agents inagent-based modeling and simulation of sociotechnical systems. Systems and humans, IEEE Transactions on. 2008,38(6):1210~1220
47 S. Pleisch, A. Schiper, Fault-tolerant mobile agent execution. Computers, IEEE Transactions on. 2003:52(2):209~222
48 A. W. Colombo, R. Schoop, R. Neuber. An agent-based intelligent control platform for industrial holonic manufacturing systems. Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on. 2006:53(1):322~337