青少年双生子体型指征相关指标遗传度研究
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摘要
目的用经典的双生子设计探讨遗传因素和环境因素对青少年身高、体重、体质指数(BMI)、腰围、腰臀围比值(WHR)等体型指征相关指标的影响程度。
方法选择青岛地区自愿参加本研究的375对11-19岁双生子为研究对象,经过问卷调查、体格检查等获得现场流行病学资料数据库,同时对性别相同的双生子通过16个多态标记进行卵型鉴定,在此基础上,应用SPSS15.0软件及Mx软件进行数据处理,通过构建结构方程模型分析计算体型指征相关指标的遗传度。
结果本次调查共收集到362对青少年双生子的身高、体重、BMI的有效数据,327对青少年双生子腰围、WHR的有效数据,对数据进行拟合处理,得出身高、腰围和WHR的最佳拟合模型ACE模型,体重和BMI的最佳拟合模型为AE模型,调整年龄性别后,估算青岛市青少年双生子身高的遗传度为66%,体重的遗传度为84%,BMI的遗传度为75%,腰围的遗传度为8%,WHR的遗传度为53%。
结论在青少年双生子体型指征的相关指标中,身高、体重、BMI均受遗传因素影响较大,WHR在受遗传因素影响的同时也一定程度上受到环境因素的影响,而腰围则主要受环境影响,因此本研究提示可以通过对儿童青少年后天环境因素的改变而达到预防肥胖等疾病的发生的效果。
Objective To investigate the impact of inheritance on height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip ratio (WHR) in adolescent by the classic twin design.
Methods 375 pairs of twins aged 11-19 years old were recruited from the Qingdao Twin Registry. Height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and WHR were measured. Zygosity in all same-sex twin pairs was determined by 16 polymorphic markers. SPSS and Mx software package were used as the statistical methods to build structural equation models. Heritability was assessed by structural equation models.
Results 362 pair's effective data of adolescent twins'Height, weight, BMI were collected. 327 pair's effective data of adolescent twins' waist circumference and WHR were chosen. By fitting and analyzing of the data converted, the ACE model combining additive genetic and unique environmental factors was fit for height, waist circumference and WHR and AE model was fit for weight and BMI. After adjusting sex and age, the heritability of height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and WHR were 66%,84%,75 %,8%,53% respectively.
Conclusion Among the body size indices, genes play important roles in the development of Height, Weight, WHR and BMI in adolescent, WHR is also influenced by environmental factors to some extent, waist circumference is nearly influenced by environmental factors, so obesity in adolescents can be prevented by changing their environmental factors.
方法选择青岛地区自愿参加本研究的375对11-19岁双生子为研究对象,经过问卷调查、体格检查等获得现场流行病学资料数据库,同时对性别相同的双生子通过16个多态标记进行卵型鉴定,在此基础上,应用SPSS15.0软件及Mx软件进行数据处理,通过构建结构方程模型分析计算体型指征相关指标的遗传度。
结果本次调查共收集到362对青少年双生子的身高、体重、BMI的有效数据,327对青少年双生子腰围、WHR的有效数据,对数据进行拟合处理,得出身高、腰围和WHR的最佳拟合模型ACE模型,体重和BMI的最佳拟合模型为AE模型,调整年龄性别后,估算青岛市青少年双生子身高的遗传度为66%,体重的遗传度为84%,BMI的遗传度为75%,腰围的遗传度为8%,WHR的遗传度为53%。
结论在青少年双生子体型指征的相关指标中,身高、体重、BMI均受遗传因素影响较大,WHR在受遗传因素影响的同时也一定程度上受到环境因素的影响,而腰围则主要受环境影响,因此本研究提示可以通过对儿童青少年后天环境因素的改变而达到预防肥胖等疾病的发生的效果。
Objective To investigate the impact of inheritance on height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip ratio (WHR) in adolescent by the classic twin design.
Methods 375 pairs of twins aged 11-19 years old were recruited from the Qingdao Twin Registry. Height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and WHR were measured. Zygosity in all same-sex twin pairs was determined by 16 polymorphic markers. SPSS and Mx software package were used as the statistical methods to build structural equation models. Heritability was assessed by structural equation models.
Results 362 pair's effective data of adolescent twins'Height, weight, BMI were collected. 327 pair's effective data of adolescent twins' waist circumference and WHR were chosen. By fitting and analyzing of the data converted, the ACE model combining additive genetic and unique environmental factors was fit for height, waist circumference and WHR and AE model was fit for weight and BMI. After adjusting sex and age, the heritability of height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and WHR were 66%,84%,75 %,8%,53% respectively.
Conclusion Among the body size indices, genes play important roles in the development of Height, Weight, WHR and BMI in adolescent, WHR is also influenced by environmental factors to some extent, waist circumference is nearly influenced by environmental factors, so obesity in adolescents can be prevented by changing their environmental factors.
引文
1. Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Allison DB, etal. Prevention of pediatric obesity:examining the issues and forecasting research directions [M] In Bendich A, Deckelbaum RJ eds. Humana Press, Totowa,1997, 471-486.
2. Bouchard C.Long-term stability of body mass and physique. [J] Nutrition,1997,26(13):573-575.
3. Chatterjee S, Das N, Chatterjee P. The estimation of the heritability of anthropometric measurements [J] Physiol Anthropol,1999,12(18):1-7.
4. Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Nunez C, etal. Evidence for independent genetic influences on fat mass and body mass index in a pediatric twin sample [J] Pediatrics,1999,11(104):61-67.
5.Hanisch D, Dittmar M, Hohler T, etal.Contribution of genetics and environmental factors to variation in body compartments-a twin study in adults[J]Anthoprol Anz,2004,28(62):51-60.
6. Hsu FC, Lenchik L, Nicklas BJ, etal. Heritability of body composition measured by DXA in the diabetes heart study [J] Obes Res,2005,23(13):312-319.
7.高文静,李立明,曹卫华,等.双生子人群apoAI和apoB100水平及遗传度分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版)2005(37)：489-493.
8.张宁,潘发明.双胞胎居民不同时段的血压趋势和遗传度分析.中国公共卫生,2001,17(6)：525-526.
9.陈天骄,季成叶,逄增昌,等.儿童青少年双生子胰岛素敏感性的遗传度估计及影响因素分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2005,37：90-93.
10.李群娜,詹思延,吕筠,等.双生子胰岛素敏感性的遗传度估计,北京大学学报(医学版),2003,35：591-594.
11.Plomin R, John C, Gerald D E, et al. Behavioral genetics (M). Vail-Ballou Press, Now York,1997
12.N. Y. Souren, A. D. C. Paulussen, R. J. F. Loos, et al. Anthropometry, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey:heritabilities. Diabetologia,2007; 50: 2107-2116.
13. Neale MC, Boker SM, Xie G, et al. Mx:Statistical Modeling [M].6th ed. Richmond:Virginia Commonwealth University,2002.
14. Neale MC, Maes HHM. Methodology for genetic studies of twins and families [M]. The Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers B.V. Dordrecht,2004:109-112.
15. Mingguang He, Dandan Wang, Yingfeng Zheng, et al. Heritability of Anterior Chamber Depth as an Intermediate Phenotype of Angle-Closure in Chinese:The Guangzhou Twin Eye Study. INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI,2008; 49:81-86.
16.李小燕,唐久来,吴德等.双生子法探讨儿童身高、体质量和头围的遗传度研究.实用儿科临床杂志,2008,23(11)：841-843.
17.任涛,吴顶峰,胡永华等.双生子人群的代谢综合征相关指标的遗传度分析.中国慢性病预防与控制,2003,11(1)：13-15.
18. HAUSPIE RC, BERGMAN P, BIELICKI T, et al. Genetic variance in the pattern of the growth curve for height:a longitudinal analysis of male twins [J].Ann Hum Biol,1994,21(4):347-362.
19.FABSITZ R R, SHOLINSKY P, CARMELLID. Genetic influences on adult weight gain and maximum body mass index in male twins [J]. Am Epidemiol,1994,140(8):11-20.
20. Schousboe K,Visscher PM,Erbas B,et al.Twin study of genetic and environmental influences on adult body size,shape,and composition.Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord,2004,28(1):39-48.
21.Rose KM,Newman B,Mayer Davis EJ,et al.Genetic and behavioral determinants of waist-hip ratio and waist circumference in women twins.Pbes Res,1998,6(6):383-392.
22.吴伟风,逄增昌,马爱国.青岛市成人双生子体型指征的遗传度研究.中国公共卫生,2005,21(4)：413-415.
1. Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Allison DB, etal. Prevention of pediatric obesity:examining the issues and forecasting research directions [M] In Bendich A, Deckelbaum RJ eds. Humana Press, Totowa,1997, 471-486.
2.陈春明.对儿童肥胖问题的防治不可坐失良机.中华流行病学杂志.2004,25(2)：95-96.
3.逢增昌,汪韶洁等.青岛市居民营养与健康状况.青岛出版社.2004.
4. Bouchard C.Long-term stability of body mass and physique. [J] Nutrition,1997,26(13):573-575.
5. Chatterjee S, Das N, Chatterjee P. The estimation of the heritability of anthropometric measurements [J] Physiol Anthropol,1999,12(18):1-7.
6. Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Nunez C, etal. Evidence for independent genetic influences on fat mass and body mass index in a pediatric twin sample [J] Pediatrics,1999,11(104):61-67.
7.Hanisch D, Dittmar M, Hohler T, etal.Contribution of genetics and environmental factors to variation in body compartments-a twin study in adults[J]Anthoprol Anz,2004,28(62):51-60.
8. Hsu FC, Lenchik L, Nicklas BJ, etal. Heritability of body composition measured by DXA in the diabetes heart study [J] Obes Res,2005,23(13):312-319.
9.高文静,李立明,曹卫华,等.双生子人群apoAI和apoB100水平及遗传度分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版)2005(37)：489-493.
10.张宁,潘发明.双胞胎居民不同时段的血压趋势和遗传度分析.中国公共卫生,2001,17(6)：525-526.
11.陈天骄,季成叶,逢增昌,等.儿童青少年双生子胰岛素敏感性的遗传度估计及影响因素分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2005,37：90-93.
12.李群娜,詹思延,吕筠,等.双生子胰岛素敏感性的遗传度估计,北京大学学报(医学版),2003,35：591-594.
2. Bouchard C.Long-term stability of body mass and physique. [J] Nutrition,1997,26(13):573-575.
3. Chatterjee S, Das N, Chatterjee P. The estimation of the heritability of anthropometric measurements [J] Physiol Anthropol,1999,12(18):1-7.
4. Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Nunez C, etal. Evidence for independent genetic influences on fat mass and body mass index in a pediatric twin sample [J] Pediatrics,1999,11(104):61-67.
5.Hanisch D, Dittmar M, Hohler T, etal.Contribution of genetics and environmental factors to variation in body compartments-a twin study in adults[J]Anthoprol Anz,2004,28(62):51-60.
6. Hsu FC, Lenchik L, Nicklas BJ, etal. Heritability of body composition measured by DXA in the diabetes heart study [J] Obes Res,2005,23(13):312-319.
7.高文静,李立明,曹卫华,等.双生子人群apoAI和apoB100水平及遗传度分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版)2005(37)：489-493.
8.张宁,潘发明.双胞胎居民不同时段的血压趋势和遗传度分析.中国公共卫生,2001,17(6)：525-526.
9.陈天骄,季成叶,逄增昌,等.儿童青少年双生子胰岛素敏感性的遗传度估计及影响因素分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2005,37：90-93.
10.李群娜,詹思延,吕筠,等.双生子胰岛素敏感性的遗传度估计,北京大学学报(医学版),2003,35：591-594.
11.Plomin R, John C, Gerald D E, et al. Behavioral genetics (M). Vail-Ballou Press, Now York,1997
12.N. Y. Souren, A. D. C. Paulussen, R. J. F. Loos, et al. Anthropometry, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey:heritabilities. Diabetologia,2007; 50: 2107-2116.
13. Neale MC, Boker SM, Xie G, et al. Mx:Statistical Modeling [M].6th ed. Richmond:Virginia Commonwealth University,2002.
14. Neale MC, Maes HHM. Methodology for genetic studies of twins and families [M]. The Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers B.V. Dordrecht,2004:109-112.
15. Mingguang He, Dandan Wang, Yingfeng Zheng, et al. Heritability of Anterior Chamber Depth as an Intermediate Phenotype of Angle-Closure in Chinese:The Guangzhou Twin Eye Study. INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI,2008; 49:81-86.
16.李小燕,唐久来,吴德等.双生子法探讨儿童身高、体质量和头围的遗传度研究.实用儿科临床杂志,2008,23(11)：841-843.
17.任涛,吴顶峰,胡永华等.双生子人群的代谢综合征相关指标的遗传度分析.中国慢性病预防与控制,2003,11(1)：13-15.
18. HAUSPIE RC, BERGMAN P, BIELICKI T, et al. Genetic variance in the pattern of the growth curve for height:a longitudinal analysis of male twins [J].Ann Hum Biol,1994,21(4):347-362.
19.FABSITZ R R, SHOLINSKY P, CARMELLID. Genetic influences on adult weight gain and maximum body mass index in male twins [J]. Am Epidemiol,1994,140(8):11-20.
20. Schousboe K,Visscher PM,Erbas B,et al.Twin study of genetic and environmental influences on adult body size,shape,and composition.Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord,2004,28(1):39-48.
21.Rose KM,Newman B,Mayer Davis EJ,et al.Genetic and behavioral determinants of waist-hip ratio and waist circumference in women twins.Pbes Res,1998,6(6):383-392.
22.吴伟风,逄增昌,马爱国.青岛市成人双生子体型指征的遗传度研究.中国公共卫生,2005,21(4)：413-415.
1. Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Allison DB, etal. Prevention of pediatric obesity:examining the issues and forecasting research directions [M] In Bendich A, Deckelbaum RJ eds. Humana Press, Totowa,1997, 471-486.
2.陈春明.对儿童肥胖问题的防治不可坐失良机.中华流行病学杂志.2004,25(2)：95-96.
3.逢增昌,汪韶洁等.青岛市居民营养与健康状况.青岛出版社.2004.
4. Bouchard C.Long-term stability of body mass and physique. [J] Nutrition,1997,26(13):573-575.
5. Chatterjee S, Das N, Chatterjee P. The estimation of the heritability of anthropometric measurements [J] Physiol Anthropol,1999,12(18):1-7.
6. Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Nunez C, etal. Evidence for independent genetic influences on fat mass and body mass index in a pediatric twin sample [J] Pediatrics,1999,11(104):61-67.
7.Hanisch D, Dittmar M, Hohler T, etal.Contribution of genetics and environmental factors to variation in body compartments-a twin study in adults[J]Anthoprol Anz,2004,28(62):51-60.
8. Hsu FC, Lenchik L, Nicklas BJ, etal. Heritability of body composition measured by DXA in the diabetes heart study [J] Obes Res,2005,23(13):312-319.
9.高文静,李立明,曹卫华,等.双生子人群apoAI和apoB100水平及遗传度分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版)2005(37)：489-493.
10.张宁,潘发明.双胞胎居民不同时段的血压趋势和遗传度分析.中国公共卫生,2001,17(6)：525-526.
11.陈天骄,季成叶,逢增昌,等.儿童青少年双生子胰岛素敏感性的遗传度估计及影响因素分析[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2005,37：90-93.
12.李群娜,詹思延,吕筠,等.双生子胰岛素敏感性的遗传度估计,北京大学学报(医学版),2003,35：591-594.