基于无机聚合物水泥的新型高性能轻骨料混凝土的制备与性能研究
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摘要
我国是世界上环境污染最严重的国家之一。由于硅酸盐水泥的大量生产而引发的粉尘及有害和温室气体的排放是解决环境污染的关键问题。基于无机聚合物水泥的高性能轻骨料混凝土是本课题组以绿色环保胶凝材料结合轻骨料混凝土技术而开发的一种新型建筑结构材料。该材料既满足节能、低排放等环保及可持续发展的要求,又具有优良的性能。
本文围绕无机聚合物水泥及其高性能轻骨料混凝土的制备及性能研究这一课题,系统地研究了无机聚合物水泥的制备与性能优化,并针对无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土的特点提出配合比设计新方法,对其拌合物性能及硬化后混凝土的微细观结构、力学性能和耐久性进行系统研究,深入分析了水胶比、轻骨料体积分数、养护龄期等因素对无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土力学性能的影响规律。
本文取得的主要研究成果如下：
1.提出将无机聚合物水泥与轻骨料混凝土结合在一起,利用轻骨料混凝土的材料特点来解决阻碍碱激发胶凝材料推广应用的碱骨料反应问题,这不仅从根本上彻底解决了无机聚合物水泥的碱骨料反应隐患,而且开辟了无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土研究与应用新领域。
2.提出利用多元复合粉体对无机聚合物水泥进行性能优化,以粒化高炉矿渣粉为主要成分,复合以偏高岭土和粉煤灰,根据它们在碱性环境下的反应速度与反应产物的互补,充分填充内部孔隙,使硬化后浆体更加致密,达到优化性能的目的。
3.基于多元复合矿粉的无机聚合物水泥净浆,较单一组分或二元复合矿粉净浆,不仅标准稠度用水量及需水量较低,而且具有良好的保水效果。多元复合矿粉净浆的流动度随用水量的增加而增加,两者之间具有明显的线性关系。
4.根据无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土的特点,结合现有混凝土配合比设计的经验提出配合比设计新方法。根据无机聚合物水泥净浆微观结构及实验数据,建立水胶比与无机聚合物水泥净浆抗压强度关系模型。根据紧密堆积模型(CPM)并通过计算,来解决无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土配合比中的最佳砂率问题。
5.对无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土进行较系统的力学性能研究,给出的应力-应变曲线模型与实测受压应力-应变曲线吻合较好。实验结果表明,无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土力学性能优于矿渣硅酸盐水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土。
6.对无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土进行混凝土抗硫酸盐性能研究,无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土在半浸泡实验、全浸泡实验及干湿循环实验条件下的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能优于矿渣硅酸盐水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土。
China is one of countries suffering the most serious environmental pollution in the world. It is the key issue to solve the environment pollution problem by controlling emissions of dust and harmful greenhouse gases from the mass production of Portland cement. High performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement is a kind of new type high strength lightweight structural building materials developed by our research group, which was combined green environment friendly binders with light weight aggregate concrete technology. It is not only meet the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development by saving energy and reducing emissions but also have high performance. Focusing on the hot issue of the preparation and properties research of inorganic polymer cement and high performance lightweight aggregate concrete, in this thesis, we made a systematic study of the preparation and performance optimization of inorganic polymer cement. A new method of concrete proportion research to the features of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was proposed. A detailed study on mixture performance research of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement and microstructure, mechanical property and durability of hardened concrete was carried out. A deep analysis on the influence law of water-binder ratio, volume fraction of light weight aggregate and age to the mechanical property of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was made.
The main achievements of the dissertation are as follows:
1. Inorganic polymer cement was first used in lightweight aggregate concrete to solve the problem of alkali-aggregate reaction in this dissertation. It is not only solved the alkali-aggregate reaction of inorganic polymer cement thoroughly,but also broaden the research and application of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement.
2. Multiple composite powders were first used to optimize the properties of inorganic polymer cement in this dissertation. The main ingredient of multiple composite powders was slag powder and other ingredients of multiple composite powders were metakaolin and fly ash. The mechanism of optimization performance of inorganic polymer cement paste was using the complementarity of reaction speed and reaction products of multiple composite powders to make the hardened paste more dense.
3. Compared with the paste of inorganic polymer cement based on single component or bi-component mineral powders, the paste of inorganic polymer cement based on multiple composite powders have low water demand and good water-holding capacity. The flowability of the paste of inorganic polymer cement based on multiple composite powders was increased as the water consumption increased, there has obvious linear relationship between the flowability and the water consumption.
4. A new method of mix design of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement had been proposed according the feature of the concrete and adopting the existing experience. A relational model between water-binder ratio and the compressive strength of inorganic polymer cement paste had been build up based on the macroscopic structure model of the paste and test data. The problem of optimal sand ratio of mix design of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement had been solved by CPM.
5. A systematic research of mechanical properties of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was carried out for the first time. A proposed model of σ-ε curve has a good agreement with measured σ-ε curve. The test results showed that the mechanical properties of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was superior to the mechanical properties of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on slag portland cement.
6. The resistance test of sulfate attacks of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was carried out for the first time. The resistance of sulfate attacks of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was superior to the resistance of sulfate attacks of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on slag portland cement under the conditions of semi-soak, all-soak and dry-wet cycle.
本文围绕无机聚合物水泥及其高性能轻骨料混凝土的制备及性能研究这一课题,系统地研究了无机聚合物水泥的制备与性能优化,并针对无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土的特点提出配合比设计新方法,对其拌合物性能及硬化后混凝土的微细观结构、力学性能和耐久性进行系统研究,深入分析了水胶比、轻骨料体积分数、养护龄期等因素对无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土力学性能的影响规律。
本文取得的主要研究成果如下：
1.提出将无机聚合物水泥与轻骨料混凝土结合在一起,利用轻骨料混凝土的材料特点来解决阻碍碱激发胶凝材料推广应用的碱骨料反应问题,这不仅从根本上彻底解决了无机聚合物水泥的碱骨料反应隐患,而且开辟了无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土研究与应用新领域。
2.提出利用多元复合粉体对无机聚合物水泥进行性能优化,以粒化高炉矿渣粉为主要成分,复合以偏高岭土和粉煤灰,根据它们在碱性环境下的反应速度与反应产物的互补,充分填充内部孔隙,使硬化后浆体更加致密,达到优化性能的目的。
3.基于多元复合矿粉的无机聚合物水泥净浆,较单一组分或二元复合矿粉净浆,不仅标准稠度用水量及需水量较低,而且具有良好的保水效果。多元复合矿粉净浆的流动度随用水量的增加而增加,两者之间具有明显的线性关系。
4.根据无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土的特点,结合现有混凝土配合比设计的经验提出配合比设计新方法。根据无机聚合物水泥净浆微观结构及实验数据,建立水胶比与无机聚合物水泥净浆抗压强度关系模型。根据紧密堆积模型(CPM)并通过计算,来解决无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土配合比中的最佳砂率问题。
5.对无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土进行较系统的力学性能研究,给出的应力-应变曲线模型与实测受压应力-应变曲线吻合较好。实验结果表明,无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土力学性能优于矿渣硅酸盐水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土。
6.对无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土进行混凝土抗硫酸盐性能研究,无机聚合物水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土在半浸泡实验、全浸泡实验及干湿循环实验条件下的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能优于矿渣硅酸盐水泥高性能轻骨料混凝土。
China is one of countries suffering the most serious environmental pollution in the world. It is the key issue to solve the environment pollution problem by controlling emissions of dust and harmful greenhouse gases from the mass production of Portland cement. High performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement is a kind of new type high strength lightweight structural building materials developed by our research group, which was combined green environment friendly binders with light weight aggregate concrete technology. It is not only meet the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development by saving energy and reducing emissions but also have high performance. Focusing on the hot issue of the preparation and properties research of inorganic polymer cement and high performance lightweight aggregate concrete, in this thesis, we made a systematic study of the preparation and performance optimization of inorganic polymer cement. A new method of concrete proportion research to the features of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was proposed. A detailed study on mixture performance research of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement and microstructure, mechanical property and durability of hardened concrete was carried out. A deep analysis on the influence law of water-binder ratio, volume fraction of light weight aggregate and age to the mechanical property of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was made.
The main achievements of the dissertation are as follows:
1. Inorganic polymer cement was first used in lightweight aggregate concrete to solve the problem of alkali-aggregate reaction in this dissertation. It is not only solved the alkali-aggregate reaction of inorganic polymer cement thoroughly,but also broaden the research and application of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement.
2. Multiple composite powders were first used to optimize the properties of inorganic polymer cement in this dissertation. The main ingredient of multiple composite powders was slag powder and other ingredients of multiple composite powders were metakaolin and fly ash. The mechanism of optimization performance of inorganic polymer cement paste was using the complementarity of reaction speed and reaction products of multiple composite powders to make the hardened paste more dense.
3. Compared with the paste of inorganic polymer cement based on single component or bi-component mineral powders, the paste of inorganic polymer cement based on multiple composite powders have low water demand and good water-holding capacity. The flowability of the paste of inorganic polymer cement based on multiple composite powders was increased as the water consumption increased, there has obvious linear relationship between the flowability and the water consumption.
4. A new method of mix design of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement had been proposed according the feature of the concrete and adopting the existing experience. A relational model between water-binder ratio and the compressive strength of inorganic polymer cement paste had been build up based on the macroscopic structure model of the paste and test data. The problem of optimal sand ratio of mix design of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement had been solved by CPM.
5. A systematic research of mechanical properties of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was carried out for the first time. A proposed model of σ-ε curve has a good agreement with measured σ-ε curve. The test results showed that the mechanical properties of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was superior to the mechanical properties of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on slag portland cement.
6. The resistance test of sulfate attacks of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was carried out for the first time. The resistance of sulfate attacks of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on inorganic polymer cement was superior to the resistance of sulfate attacks of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete based on slag portland cement under the conditions of semi-soak, all-soak and dry-wet cycle.
引文
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