ABS/PMMA配比研究及实验注塑工艺参数优化
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摘要
ABS及其合金已广泛应用于建筑、交通运输、医疗卫生、宇航、信息、家电等领域。随着科技的进步和生活水平的提高,单一的材料已难以满足消费者对产品日益苛刻的要求。特别是3C(通讯/计算机/消费)产品,都要求塑料制品既具备优良的内在品质,又具有良好的外观质量。为了提高市场竞争力,进一步拓宽应用领域,研发内在品质与外观质量兼备的ABS合金势在必行。
本文介绍了国际先进的RHCM技术.该技术与常规注塑工艺不同,它采用一种动态模温控制方式,在短时间内快速实现模具温度的加热、高温保持、冷却、低温保持等4个温度变化过程,不仅极大地提高了产品的外观质量,免除喷涂等后处理工序,还降低了生产成本,提高了生产效率。为了更好地发展RHCM技术,需要RHCM专用高光塑料的配合,因此对ABS树脂进行改性,开发适用于RHCM技术的ABS/PMMA高光材料,具有重要意义。
根据ABS/PMMA合金性能的测试标准,建立相应的实验样条模型;采用MPI软件,以优化常规注塑工艺参数为目的,以注射时间、保压时间、保压压力、冷却时间、模具温度和熔体温度为影响因素,结合现有的注塑设备的技术参数和正交试验设计,对该模型进行流动和翘曲分析,确定最佳注塑工艺参数组合。
根据MPI模型和现有的注塑设备,设计并制造配套模具;选用市面上销售的盘锦乙烯工业公司生产的牌号为CH510的ABS树脂与台湾奇美实业股份有限公司生产的牌号为CM207的PMMA树脂,在不添加任何助剂的情况下,采用熔融共混法,制备不同配比的ABS/PMMA共混物;以最佳注塑工艺参数为指导,将ABS/PMMA共混物注塑成标准拉伸样条、标准热变形样条和标准冲击样条。通过对不同配比样条的拉伸性能、冲击强度、表面硬度和表面光泽度的研究以及不同配比ABS/PMMA合金颗粒熔融指数的研究,确定ABS/PMMA共混体系的最佳配比为90∶10。该配比的ABS/PMMA共混体系,不仅提高了ABS树脂的光泽度,同时又保证了ABS/PMMA共混体系其他方面的性能。
本课题的实验结果,对ABS树脂的改性研究有一定的指导性意义,也为进一步研究适用于RHCM技术的高光泽ABS/PMMA共混配方奠定了基础。
ABS and its alloys have been widely used in various fields, such as building, transportation, medical and health, aerospace, information, home electric appliances. With the advancement of technology and improvement of living standards, single material has been difficult to meet consumer's growing demands to products. Especially the 3C(communication/computer/consumer) products, both excellent internal and appearance quality are required. In order to improve market competitiveness and to further broaden the application fields, development of ABS alloys with internal and appearance qualities is imperative.
This paper introduced the international advanced technology called RHCM. It used a dynamic control mode of mold temperature to rapidly achieve 4 stages of temperature change in a short time such as heating of mold temperature, high temperature to maintain, cooling and low temperature to maintain which differed from the traditional injection molding process. This technology not only greatly improved the products' appearance quality to avoid post-treatment processes such as spraying, but also reduced production costs and improved production efficiency. In order to better develop RHCM technology, special high-gloss plastic for RHCM was needed. It was very important to modify ABS resin and develop ABS/PMMA blends with high gloss applicable to RHCM technology.
Based on the testing standards of ABS/PMMA blends' performance, the corresponding model of splines was set up. The software named MPI was used to optimize the conventional injection molding process parameters combined with technical parameters of injection molding equipment exiting and orthogonal experimental design. The best combination of injection molding process parameters was determined by analysis of flow and warpage with the influencing factors as injection time, packing time, packing pressure, cooling time, mold temperature and melt temperature.
According to the model of MPI and the injection molding equipment exiting, matched mold was designed and manufactured. Without any additives, commercial resins of ABS and PMMA were selected to prepare ABS/PMMA blends in different ratios by melt blending in the experiment. The brand of ABS is CH510 produced by Panjin Ethylene Industry Corporation, while PMMA's brand is CM207 produced by Chi Mei Industrial Co., Ltd. of Taiwan. The ABS/PMMA blends were injected into tension splines standard, thermal deformation splines standard and impact splines standard with the best injection molding process parameters. The best ratio of ABS/PMMA blends was 90 to 10, obtained through the studies both on the splines' performance of tensile property, impact strength, surface hardness and surface gloss and on blend particles' melt index in different ratios. The ABS/PMMA blends in this ratio improved the glossiness of ABS, while ensuring the other performance.
The result of this research has important significance on modification of ABS, and will be a foundation for further research on the formulation of high-gloss ABS/PMMA blends as well.
本文介绍了国际先进的RHCM技术.该技术与常规注塑工艺不同,它采用一种动态模温控制方式,在短时间内快速实现模具温度的加热、高温保持、冷却、低温保持等4个温度变化过程,不仅极大地提高了产品的外观质量,免除喷涂等后处理工序,还降低了生产成本,提高了生产效率。为了更好地发展RHCM技术,需要RHCM专用高光塑料的配合,因此对ABS树脂进行改性,开发适用于RHCM技术的ABS/PMMA高光材料,具有重要意义。
根据ABS/PMMA合金性能的测试标准,建立相应的实验样条模型;采用MPI软件,以优化常规注塑工艺参数为目的,以注射时间、保压时间、保压压力、冷却时间、模具温度和熔体温度为影响因素,结合现有的注塑设备的技术参数和正交试验设计,对该模型进行流动和翘曲分析,确定最佳注塑工艺参数组合。
根据MPI模型和现有的注塑设备,设计并制造配套模具;选用市面上销售的盘锦乙烯工业公司生产的牌号为CH510的ABS树脂与台湾奇美实业股份有限公司生产的牌号为CM207的PMMA树脂,在不添加任何助剂的情况下,采用熔融共混法,制备不同配比的ABS/PMMA共混物;以最佳注塑工艺参数为指导,将ABS/PMMA共混物注塑成标准拉伸样条、标准热变形样条和标准冲击样条。通过对不同配比样条的拉伸性能、冲击强度、表面硬度和表面光泽度的研究以及不同配比ABS/PMMA合金颗粒熔融指数的研究,确定ABS/PMMA共混体系的最佳配比为90∶10。该配比的ABS/PMMA共混体系,不仅提高了ABS树脂的光泽度,同时又保证了ABS/PMMA共混体系其他方面的性能。
本课题的实验结果,对ABS树脂的改性研究有一定的指导性意义,也为进一步研究适用于RHCM技术的高光泽ABS/PMMA共混配方奠定了基础。
ABS and its alloys have been widely used in various fields, such as building, transportation, medical and health, aerospace, information, home electric appliances. With the advancement of technology and improvement of living standards, single material has been difficult to meet consumer's growing demands to products. Especially the 3C(communication/computer/consumer) products, both excellent internal and appearance quality are required. In order to improve market competitiveness and to further broaden the application fields, development of ABS alloys with internal and appearance qualities is imperative.
This paper introduced the international advanced technology called RHCM. It used a dynamic control mode of mold temperature to rapidly achieve 4 stages of temperature change in a short time such as heating of mold temperature, high temperature to maintain, cooling and low temperature to maintain which differed from the traditional injection molding process. This technology not only greatly improved the products' appearance quality to avoid post-treatment processes such as spraying, but also reduced production costs and improved production efficiency. In order to better develop RHCM technology, special high-gloss plastic for RHCM was needed. It was very important to modify ABS resin and develop ABS/PMMA blends with high gloss applicable to RHCM technology.
Based on the testing standards of ABS/PMMA blends' performance, the corresponding model of splines was set up. The software named MPI was used to optimize the conventional injection molding process parameters combined with technical parameters of injection molding equipment exiting and orthogonal experimental design. The best combination of injection molding process parameters was determined by analysis of flow and warpage with the influencing factors as injection time, packing time, packing pressure, cooling time, mold temperature and melt temperature.
According to the model of MPI and the injection molding equipment exiting, matched mold was designed and manufactured. Without any additives, commercial resins of ABS and PMMA were selected to prepare ABS/PMMA blends in different ratios by melt blending in the experiment. The brand of ABS is CH510 produced by Panjin Ethylene Industry Corporation, while PMMA's brand is CM207 produced by Chi Mei Industrial Co., Ltd. of Taiwan. The ABS/PMMA blends were injected into tension splines standard, thermal deformation splines standard and impact splines standard with the best injection molding process parameters. The best ratio of ABS/PMMA blends was 90 to 10, obtained through the studies both on the splines' performance of tensile property, impact strength, surface hardness and surface gloss and on blend particles' melt index in different ratios. The ABS/PMMA blends in this ratio improved the glossiness of ABS, while ensuring the other performance.
The result of this research has important significance on modification of ABS, and will be a foundation for further research on the formulation of high-gloss ABS/PMMA blends as well.
引文
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[5]黄强.PP/EPDM共混增容增韧材料的研究[D].黑龙江:黑龙江大学,2001:2
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[10]C.P.Papadopoulou,N.K.Kalfoglou.Comparison of compatibilizer effectiveness for PET/PP blends:their mechanical,thermal and morphology characterization[J].Polymer,2000,41(7):2543-2555
[11]杨文君,吴其晔,彭魁,等.聚氯乙烯/顺丁橡胶共混改性及其应用[J].聚氯乙烯,1993,2:6-11
[12]郭静,李楠,高清.聚醚酯酰胺对PA6纤维的抗静电改性研究[J].合成纤维工业,2008,31(2):16-19
[13]俞喜菊,郑震,陆甲明,等.SEBS/HDPE共混物加工性能及力学性能的研究[J].塑料工业,2006,34(7):39-42
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