制药污水处理过程中流离球体的制备及应用研究
摘要
污泥是水处理过程中产生的固体废弃物,数量巨大,成分复杂。为了保证处理厂的正常运行,防止产生二次污染,必须对污泥进行处理处置。因此,如何经济有效地利用污泥便成为目前深受关注的课题之一。污泥填料是综合利用污泥的一个重要途径。采用药厂污泥为主要原料,与外加掺合剂混合,烧结制备应用于污水处理工程的污泥流离球填料,实现了污泥的资源化利用。
本论文研究的内容主要有两个方面,一方面污泥流离球填料的制备;另一方面是污泥填料的应用性能。并通过测试填料的抗压强、吸水率等方法系统的研究了污泥填料性能,考察了升温速率、烧成温度、保温时间以及污泥含量对填料的颗粒抗压强度和吸水率的影响。获得了性能良好的水处理填料。
本论文的研究表明:(1)颗粒抗压强度和吸水率是反映污泥填料品质的重要指标。烧成温度和污泥用量是影响污泥填料品质的主要因素。在烧成温度为1000±25℃,污泥掺量为70%,保温时间为40min的条件下,烧制的颗粒抗压强度达到25MPa,超过GB2838-81抗压强度≧6.5MPa的规定,吸水率为17%,低于GB2838-81吸水率≦22%的规定;(2)利用污泥填料具有较好的吸附性能、易于再生的特点,用来处理药厂废水。结果表明:在常温下的CODCr的平均去除率为74.0%,SS的去除率为54.1%;(3)在不同温度条件下,污泥填料的CODCr去除率优于塑料填料。
A large amount of sludge with complex component is produced in water supply plant and the urban sewage disposal plant, which should be treated and disposed to protect from secondary pollution and to ensure the treatment effect. So how to make aneconomical, effective use of it has recently become one of the increasingly concerningissues in environmental science. It is an important path to exploitage synthetically to manufacture media with sludge. Sludge separated-ball media for environment engineering was prepared using sludge blended with activation preparation by sintering craft. Sludge can be recycled as new resource in this way.
The dissertation centred on two main research topics. One is preparation of media, the other is application of sepatated-ball media. Sludge media is studied through test of compressible strength and bibulous rate. Effects of heating rate, sintering temperature, time for heat preservation and content of sludge were investigated. Excellent media was obtained using in water treatment.
Following results can be obtained in the paper: (1) Compressible strength is one ofimportant character of media as well as bibulous rate. The main factor affected character of media consists of sintering temperature and content of sludge. Under thconditions of 1000±25℃, 70%sludge, 40min for heat preservation, and the compressible strength reaches 25MPa beyond 6.5MPa prescribed in GB2838-81, bibulous rate is 17%under 22%prescribed in GB2838-81. (2) Using the sludge which has the better adsorption performance and is easy to regenerate for treat the pharmaceutical factory waste water.The result show: Under normal temperature CODCr average removeing rate is 74.0%, SS removeing rate is 54.1%. (3) Under the different temperature condition, sludge me dia CODCr removal rate surpasses the plastic media.
本论文研究的内容主要有两个方面,一方面污泥流离球填料的制备;另一方面是污泥填料的应用性能。并通过测试填料的抗压强、吸水率等方法系统的研究了污泥填料性能,考察了升温速率、烧成温度、保温时间以及污泥含量对填料的颗粒抗压强度和吸水率的影响。获得了性能良好的水处理填料。
本论文的研究表明:(1)颗粒抗压强度和吸水率是反映污泥填料品质的重要指标。烧成温度和污泥用量是影响污泥填料品质的主要因素。在烧成温度为1000±25℃,污泥掺量为70%,保温时间为40min的条件下,烧制的颗粒抗压强度达到25MPa,超过GB2838-81抗压强度≧6.5MPa的规定,吸水率为17%,低于GB2838-81吸水率≦22%的规定;(2)利用污泥填料具有较好的吸附性能、易于再生的特点,用来处理药厂废水。结果表明:在常温下的CODCr的平均去除率为74.0%,SS的去除率为54.1%;(3)在不同温度条件下,污泥填料的CODCr去除率优于塑料填料。
A large amount of sludge with complex component is produced in water supply plant and the urban sewage disposal plant, which should be treated and disposed to protect from secondary pollution and to ensure the treatment effect. So how to make aneconomical, effective use of it has recently become one of the increasingly concerningissues in environmental science. It is an important path to exploitage synthetically to manufacture media with sludge. Sludge separated-ball media for environment engineering was prepared using sludge blended with activation preparation by sintering craft. Sludge can be recycled as new resource in this way.
The dissertation centred on two main research topics. One is preparation of media, the other is application of sepatated-ball media. Sludge media is studied through test of compressible strength and bibulous rate. Effects of heating rate, sintering temperature, time for heat preservation and content of sludge were investigated. Excellent media was obtained using in water treatment.
Following results can be obtained in the paper: (1) Compressible strength is one ofimportant character of media as well as bibulous rate. The main factor affected character of media consists of sintering temperature and content of sludge. Under thconditions of 1000±25℃, 70%sludge, 40min for heat preservation, and the compressible strength reaches 25MPa beyond 6.5MPa prescribed in GB2838-81, bibulous rate is 17%under 22%prescribed in GB2838-81. (2) Using the sludge which has the better adsorption performance and is easy to regenerate for treat the pharmaceutical factory waste water.The result show: Under normal temperature CODCr average removeing rate is 74.0%, SS removeing rate is 54.1%. (3) Under the different temperature condition, sludge me dia CODCr removal rate surpasses the plastic media.
引文
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[5]马建录,杨传芳.污泥焚烧回转炉的运行控制[J].工业用水与废水, 2003, 34(1): 68-70.
[6] KAY H, VOLKER K. Brick Production with Dredged Harbour Sediments[J]. Waste Management, 2004, 22(2): 521-530.
[7]赵庆祥.污泥资源化技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2005: 1-2.
[8]王玉霞.填料在水处理中的应用[J].化工给排水设计, 1998, 24(2): 21-25.
[9]王宝贞.水污染控制工程[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 1994: 303-305.
[10]王静,卢宗文.国内外污泥研究现状及进展[J].市政技术, 2006, 24(3): 140-143.
[11] TENTO O N. Sawage Can Make Portland Cement: A New Technology for Ultimate Reuse of Sewage Sludge[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2005, 41(8): 93-135.
[12]上海市环境保护科学研究所.上海市污泥现状调研[M].上海:上海科技出版社, 1992: 8-9.
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[14]何品晶,顾国维,李笃中.城市污泥利用与处理[M].北京:科学出版社, 2003: 88-89.
[15]张辰.污泥处理处置技术研究进展[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2005: 8-15.
[16]赵庆祥.污泥资源化技术[M].北京:化学化工出版社, 2006: 17-20.
[17]芈振明,高忠爱,祁梦兰,等.固态废物的处理与处置[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 1993: 56-76.
[18]周少奇.城市污泥处理处置与资源化[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社, 2004: 256-259.
[19]赵庆祥.污泥资源化技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2005: 1-2.
[20]戚海雁,何品晶.给水厂排泥水及污泥的处置[J].上海环境科学, 2002, 21(7): 442-443.
[21] TAY J H, HONG S Y, SHOW K Y. Reuse of Sludge as Palletized Aggregate[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2006, (3): 279-286.
[22] KFER R F. Metal-organic as Sociations inTwo Extracts from Nine Soils Amends with Three Sewage Sludge Agricultrue[J]. Ecosystem and Environment, 1994, 18(5): 151-165.
[23] Hall J E. Soil Ingestion of Sewage Sludge and Animal Slurries[J]. Fertilizer, 1988, (4): 63-68.
[24]田宁宁.剩余污泥耗氧堆肥生产有机复混肥的肥分及效益分析[J].城市环境和城市生, 2005, 14(1): 9-11.
[25] AMAL R M, PAPER R L. Fractal Structure of Hematite Aggregates[J]. J.Colloid and Interface Science, 1990, 140(56): 156-168.
[26]姚刚.德国的污泥利用和处置[J].城市环境与城市生态, 2006, 13(1): 43-47.
[27] TAY J H. Resource Recovery of Sludge as Building and Construction Material-A Future Trend in Sludge Management[J]. Wat. Sci. Tech, 1997, 75(11): 250-266.
[28]吴清仁,吴建青.一种利用污水处理厂生物污泥烧制粘土陶粒的方法:中国, 02114938.0 [P]. [2002-09-04].
[29]何少先,马培舜.一种制造轻质陶粒的工艺技术:中国, 99101406.5 [P]. 1998-05-20[1999-09-01].
[30] TAY J H. The Use of Llimed-blended Sludge forProduction of Cementitious Material[J]. Water Environ. Res, 1992, 64(1): 6-11.
[31]赵庆祥.污泥资源化技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2004: 215-226.
[32]唐受印.废水处理工程[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 1998: 311-327.
[33]邬杨善.城市污水处理:投资与决策[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 1992: 123-127.
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