杏树岗油田杏一～三区地层压力预测方法研究
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摘要
杏一～三区经过40多年注水开发,与原始地层压力相比,分布规律发生了极大的变化,具有纵向剖面上异常高压层和低压层并存、局部井区形成异常高压区的特点。如果地层压力预测不准确,就不能设计合理的钻井液密度,从而容易在钻井生产中发生各类钻井复杂事故。
在钻井前,通过绘制以往钻井液密度等值线图和复杂情况分布图,对过去钻井时发生的典型复杂情况进行分析;同时利用套损、动静态数据分析高压区形成的原因,初步确定高压区类型、范围和地层压力大小,为钻前钻井液密度设计提供了依据。以杏二中异常高压区为例进行了钻前地层压力预测和应用。
在钻井施工中,通过分析测井曲线特征与地层压力的关系,研究出利用测井曲线特征定性判断高压层、欠压层和正常压力层的方法。根据自然电位测井原理,通过不同钻井液电阻率和密度条件下的测井现场试验,拟合出利用自然电位测井资料预测地层压力的经验公式。
在钻井液密度设计方面,根据地层物性、地层流体性质和地层压力大小,对地层压力剖面中的各层对钻井的危害性进行评价,挑选出最有危害性的小层进行跟踪,然后向邻井进行插值和递推,滚动设计合理的钻井液密度。
After more than 40 years’water flooding development, the distribution of the formation pressure in Xing 1-3 Area has changed enormously compared with original one. The pressure has the characteristics which abnormal high pressure formation and low pressure formation is vertically co-existing and local well area becomes abnormal high pressure zone. If the formation pressure can’t be predicted accurately, equivalent drilling fluid density can’t be designed reasonablly and so that all sorts of complex accident are likely to happen during the production of drilling.
Before drilling in Xing 1-3 Area, drilling complex conditions are analyzed by drawing drilling fluid density contour maps and the distribution maps of complex conditions and the causes of high pressure formation are analyzed by casing damage, static and dynamic data. The types and range of high pressure zone and the size of formation pressure are determined to provide evidence for drilling fluid density design. The pressure prediction and application of Xing Er Middle high pressure zone is used as an example to provide before drilling.
During drilling, the way that high pressure formation, low pressure formation and normal formation are judged qualitatively is worked out by studying formation pressure data and the characteristics of logging curve. Based on principle of natural electric potential logging and field testing under the conditions of different resistivity and drilling fluid density, the perience formula that forecasts formation pressure by using natural electric potential logging data are fitted out.
In the respect of drilling fluid density design, according to stratum properties, fluid property and formation pressure, the dangerous degree of the layers in the formation pressure section is evaluated and pick out the most harmful one to trace. By interpolating to the adjacent wells and the recursive method, equivalent drilling fluid density is designed one by one.
在钻井前,通过绘制以往钻井液密度等值线图和复杂情况分布图,对过去钻井时发生的典型复杂情况进行分析;同时利用套损、动静态数据分析高压区形成的原因,初步确定高压区类型、范围和地层压力大小,为钻前钻井液密度设计提供了依据。以杏二中异常高压区为例进行了钻前地层压力预测和应用。
在钻井施工中,通过分析测井曲线特征与地层压力的关系,研究出利用测井曲线特征定性判断高压层、欠压层和正常压力层的方法。根据自然电位测井原理,通过不同钻井液电阻率和密度条件下的测井现场试验,拟合出利用自然电位测井资料预测地层压力的经验公式。
在钻井液密度设计方面,根据地层物性、地层流体性质和地层压力大小,对地层压力剖面中的各层对钻井的危害性进行评价,挑选出最有危害性的小层进行跟踪,然后向邻井进行插值和递推,滚动设计合理的钻井液密度。
After more than 40 years’water flooding development, the distribution of the formation pressure in Xing 1-3 Area has changed enormously compared with original one. The pressure has the characteristics which abnormal high pressure formation and low pressure formation is vertically co-existing and local well area becomes abnormal high pressure zone. If the formation pressure can’t be predicted accurately, equivalent drilling fluid density can’t be designed reasonablly and so that all sorts of complex accident are likely to happen during the production of drilling.
Before drilling in Xing 1-3 Area, drilling complex conditions are analyzed by drawing drilling fluid density contour maps and the distribution maps of complex conditions and the causes of high pressure formation are analyzed by casing damage, static and dynamic data. The types and range of high pressure zone and the size of formation pressure are determined to provide evidence for drilling fluid density design. The pressure prediction and application of Xing Er Middle high pressure zone is used as an example to provide before drilling.
During drilling, the way that high pressure formation, low pressure formation and normal formation are judged qualitatively is worked out by studying formation pressure data and the characteristics of logging curve. Based on principle of natural electric potential logging and field testing under the conditions of different resistivity and drilling fluid density, the perience formula that forecasts formation pressure by using natural electric potential logging data are fitted out.
In the respect of drilling fluid density design, according to stratum properties, fluid property and formation pressure, the dangerous degree of the layers in the formation pressure section is evaluated and pick out the most harmful one to trace. By interpolating to the adjacent wells and the recursive method, equivalent drilling fluid density is designed one by one.
引文
[1] Foster J.B, Whalen H.E. Estimation of formation pressure from electrical surveys-offshore Louisiana. JPT 1966 (2)3 :12~13
[2] Palar S,Sutiyono S. Approaches in Evaluating Low-Resistivity Formations[R].SPE,1997(38036):26~29
[3] Harrold T.W.D. Pore pressure estimation from mudrock porosities in Tertiary basinsSoutheast Asia. AAPG Bull. 1999 (83):1057~1067
[4] Stepher.R.Daines. Prediction of fracture pressure for wildcat wells.JPT 1982(4):54~59
[5] Ton P.J,Hamilton P.J. Fluid History Analysis-A New Concept for prospect.35 Evaluation. Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia Journal, 1991:282~294
[6] D.Aetal. Passive margins:Evidence for pre-break up deep metamorphic mechanism. Log Act. 1981 (4):103~114
[7] Richard G . Do not believe those caculated bottomhole pressures. JPT,2001(3):15~26
[8] Ward. Using pre-drill seismic and LWD data for safe, efficient drilling.World Oil,1998(12):219
[9] George SC.1998b. Geochemical Comparison of Oil Trapped in Fluid Inclusions and Oil in Black Oil field ,chips land Basin. Petroleum Exploration Society of Journal ,26: 64~81
[10] Eaton, B. A. Fracture Gradient Prediction for The New Generation J. World Oi1,1997 (10): 218~219
[11]谭明友,张建宁,许丽.济阳拗陷地层压力预测方法.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(3):314～318
[12]樊洪海,邢树宾,何辉.二维地层孔隙压力预测方法及应用.石油钻探技术,2007,35(4):7～9
[13]樊洪海.地层孔隙压力预测检测新方法研究(D).北京石油大学,2001.76～78
[14]梅江,严世才.调整井钻井完井技术.北京:石油工业出版社,2000.75～85
[15]常明彻.利用测井资料估算调整井地层压力.测井技术,1981,10(6):13～14
[16]周兴沂,王亚伟,王建东.调整井地层压力预测方法.大庆石油地质与开发,1994,12 (14) :4～7
[17]杨民瑜,郭军,徐艳.套损层位异常压力的形成及预测方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(6) :37～38
[18]郭军,纪宝华.大庆油田通过减小层间压差提高调整井固井质量方法研究.黑龙江省石油学会,2001.23～25.
[19]郭军.高压层与固井质量的关系及预测方法.大庆:油藏工程学会论文集,1997.52～58
[20]朴玉芝.利用测井资料确定合理钻井液密度方法的研究.石油钻采工艺,1998,5(12):20～22
[21]刘厚彬,孟英峰,王先起,等.利用测井资料预测地层孔隙压力方法研究综述.西部探矿工程,2006(6):91～93
[22]魏茂安,陈潮,王延江,等.石油与天然气地质.2007,28(3):395～400
[23]肖国益,王秀东,李连坤,等.调整井复杂地层压力预测的新方法,石油钻探技术,2002,30(2):7～9
[24]郭齐军,瞿辉.测井声波时差在地层压力预测中的应用.中国海上油气,1997,11(l):67～70
[25]安小平,戴家才,郭海敏,等.利用生产测井资料预测地层压力分布.江汉石油学院学报, 2004,24(4) :48～50
[26]林梁.重复地层式电缆地层测试器测试曲线解释方法的理论研究.测井技术,1992,16(7):220
[27]张东,孙淑霞,李音,等.对杏树岗油田北部主力油层流动单元的划分.大庆石油学院学报, 2002(3):18～21
[28]张守谦,李占咸.石油地球物理测井.北京:石油工业出版社,1989.53～57
[29]翟云芳.渗流力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.52～58
[30] (甲方)钻井手册编写组.钻井手册.石油工业出版社.1990.74～98
[31]韩剑,李传红.层间压差对固井质量影响规律研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(4):52～54
[32]侯绪田.常压井段负压钻井技术探讨.石油钻探技术,1999,27(1):25～27
[33]陈永明.液流钻并下的负压差设计与控制.钻采工艺,2000,23(2):33～36
[2] Palar S,Sutiyono S. Approaches in Evaluating Low-Resistivity Formations[R].SPE,1997(38036):26~29
[3] Harrold T.W.D. Pore pressure estimation from mudrock porosities in Tertiary basinsSoutheast Asia. AAPG Bull. 1999 (83):1057~1067
[4] Stepher.R.Daines. Prediction of fracture pressure for wildcat wells.JPT 1982(4):54~59
[5] Ton P.J,Hamilton P.J. Fluid History Analysis-A New Concept for prospect.35 Evaluation. Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia Journal, 1991:282~294
[6] D.Aetal. Passive margins:Evidence for pre-break up deep metamorphic mechanism. Log Act. 1981 (4):103~114
[7] Richard G . Do not believe those caculated bottomhole pressures. JPT,2001(3):15~26
[8] Ward. Using pre-drill seismic and LWD data for safe, efficient drilling.World Oil,1998(12):219
[9] George SC.1998b. Geochemical Comparison of Oil Trapped in Fluid Inclusions and Oil in Black Oil field ,chips land Basin. Petroleum Exploration Society of Journal ,26: 64~81
[10] Eaton, B. A. Fracture Gradient Prediction for The New Generation J. World Oi1,1997 (10): 218~219
[11]谭明友,张建宁,许丽.济阳拗陷地层压力预测方法.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(3):314～318
[12]樊洪海,邢树宾,何辉.二维地层孔隙压力预测方法及应用.石油钻探技术,2007,35(4):7～9
[13]樊洪海.地层孔隙压力预测检测新方法研究(D).北京石油大学,2001.76～78
[14]梅江,严世才.调整井钻井完井技术.北京:石油工业出版社,2000.75～85
[15]常明彻.利用测井资料估算调整井地层压力.测井技术,1981,10(6):13～14
[16]周兴沂,王亚伟,王建东.调整井地层压力预测方法.大庆石油地质与开发,1994,12 (14) :4～7
[17]杨民瑜,郭军,徐艳.套损层位异常压力的形成及预测方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(6) :37～38
[18]郭军,纪宝华.大庆油田通过减小层间压差提高调整井固井质量方法研究.黑龙江省石油学会,2001.23～25.
[19]郭军.高压层与固井质量的关系及预测方法.大庆:油藏工程学会论文集,1997.52～58
[20]朴玉芝.利用测井资料确定合理钻井液密度方法的研究.石油钻采工艺,1998,5(12):20～22
[21]刘厚彬,孟英峰,王先起,等.利用测井资料预测地层孔隙压力方法研究综述.西部探矿工程,2006(6):91～93
[22]魏茂安,陈潮,王延江,等.石油与天然气地质.2007,28(3):395～400
[23]肖国益,王秀东,李连坤,等.调整井复杂地层压力预测的新方法,石油钻探技术,2002,30(2):7～9
[24]郭齐军,瞿辉.测井声波时差在地层压力预测中的应用.中国海上油气,1997,11(l):67～70
[25]安小平,戴家才,郭海敏,等.利用生产测井资料预测地层压力分布.江汉石油学院学报, 2004,24(4) :48～50
[26]林梁.重复地层式电缆地层测试器测试曲线解释方法的理论研究.测井技术,1992,16(7):220
[27]张东,孙淑霞,李音,等.对杏树岗油田北部主力油层流动单元的划分.大庆石油学院学报, 2002(3):18～21
[28]张守谦,李占咸.石油地球物理测井.北京:石油工业出版社,1989.53～57
[29]翟云芳.渗流力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.52～58
[30] (甲方)钻井手册编写组.钻井手册.石油工业出版社.1990.74～98
[31]韩剑,李传红.层间压差对固井质量影响规律研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(4):52～54
[32]侯绪田.常压井段负压钻井技术探讨.石油钻探技术,1999,27(1):25～27
[33]陈永明.液流钻并下的负压差设计与控制.钻采工艺,2000,23(2):33～36