安防报警系统
|
摘要
安防系统是都市实现信息化和现代化安全的重要组成部分,可以有效地强化城市管理,保证家庭安全。目前安防报警系统采用声光电报警技术,智能报警技术,网络报警技术。存在的最大问题是:几乎所有解决方案都必须采用一定功率的辅助电源(通常是交流电源)供电,这不但增加了系统成本,安装空间,而且一旦电源被切断,整个系统将彻底丧失安防功能。由于所有设计都没有采用低功耗设计,使得采用辅助备份电源也变得非常困难。因而成为制约安防系统性能的关键瓶颈。
通过电话线路实现报警信息信息链接的基本手段,利用电能窃取技术从电话线路获得电源并配以辅助电源的方法是改善安防系统供电可靠性的有效途径之一。然而,电话线路只能支撑约500微安的负载,这成为采用电话线路供电的基本障碍。本文试图通过对一个基本的安防报警系统各个环节进行低功耗设计,以最大限度地降低安防报警系统的平均能耗,进而实现采用电话线路供电的解决方案。
本文首先分析比较了目前常用安防报警系统应用技术,在此基础上以低功耗单片机MSP430F2001为核心构建了一种基于DTMF基本安防报警系统架构。采用低功耗热释电红外传感器及其解决方案实现基本入侵检测;同时以HT9200A构建了报警拨码系统;并较为深入地研究了DTMF的基本原理和硬件解码、DTMF软解码算法性能及实现技术,最后提出了基于比较器的DTMF软解码算法,该算法节省硬件资源,优化了解码过程,并显著降低了解码硬件电路的能耗。从而是整个电路的待机能耗降低到了采用电话线路供电可接受的能耗范畴;完成了整个安防模拟系统的全部软件、硬件设计。
由于该系统作为基本功能验证,没有设计辅助电源、无线报警、个性化用户电话号码设定等人机接口功能。无论是解码算法的离线仿真,还是该模拟系统的运行都证实了软件解码与实际系统的可行性,具有一定的推广应用前景。
The security system can promote the city’s image, strengthen the management of organization, and guarantee to provide good service, is an important part in an advanced city. At present, security alarm system, such as the use of photoelectric alarms technology, the smart alarm technology, network technology, did not solve the problem which must be a certain power, auxiliary power (AC power) supply, which increases system cost, installation space.once the power was cut off, the whole security system will be completely lost function. Since all designs are not a low-power design, it which makes use of auxiliary backup power supply has become very difficult. Thus that becomes a key constraint of security system performance.
Alarm information through the telephone lines achieves the basic means of information links. The use of electrical energy from the telephone line obtains the power and auxiliary power supply coupled with the method is to improve the security system, which is one effective way of power supply reliability. However, the telephone lines can only support a load of about 500 uA, which uses telephone lines to become a fundamental obstacle to power. This paper attempts by a basic security alarm system to all aspects of the low-power design, in order to minimize the security alarm system, the average energy consumption, so as to realize the use of telephone line-powered solutions.
This paper analysis and compares current the security system in common, and set up the structure of security system that based on the DTMF and completed the system hard, software development and design the work. The system takes the Low -Power chip microcomputer MSP430F2001 as a core, and it achieves the function such as the alarm deletion and identification through the Low -Power electric circuit such as the Low -Power infrared signal processing chip, sensor, the HT9200A,Because the system ascertain the telephone number,the paper studied the DTMF basic principle and hardware decoding, DTMF decoder algorithm and realizes the technique thoroughly, at last,the paper analysis the DTMF decoder algorithm based on comparator saved hardware source and time and the power consumption. thus,the entire circuit of the standby power consumption of using telephone lines has an acceptable power supply area.As same time, the entire security system of the software and hardware design has been completed.
As the basic functional verification, there is no auxiliary power design, the wireless alarm, the user settings of personalized phone numbers, and others interface functions. Whether decoding algorithm off-line simulation, or the operation of the simulation system have confirmed the software decoding and the actual feasibility of the system with a certain degree of promotion prospects.
通过电话线路实现报警信息信息链接的基本手段,利用电能窃取技术从电话线路获得电源并配以辅助电源的方法是改善安防系统供电可靠性的有效途径之一。然而,电话线路只能支撑约500微安的负载,这成为采用电话线路供电的基本障碍。本文试图通过对一个基本的安防报警系统各个环节进行低功耗设计,以最大限度地降低安防报警系统的平均能耗,进而实现采用电话线路供电的解决方案。
本文首先分析比较了目前常用安防报警系统应用技术,在此基础上以低功耗单片机MSP430F2001为核心构建了一种基于DTMF基本安防报警系统架构。采用低功耗热释电红外传感器及其解决方案实现基本入侵检测;同时以HT9200A构建了报警拨码系统;并较为深入地研究了DTMF的基本原理和硬件解码、DTMF软解码算法性能及实现技术,最后提出了基于比较器的DTMF软解码算法,该算法节省硬件资源,优化了解码过程,并显著降低了解码硬件电路的能耗。从而是整个电路的待机能耗降低到了采用电话线路供电可接受的能耗范畴;完成了整个安防模拟系统的全部软件、硬件设计。
由于该系统作为基本功能验证,没有设计辅助电源、无线报警、个性化用户电话号码设定等人机接口功能。无论是解码算法的离线仿真,还是该模拟系统的运行都证实了软件解码与实际系统的可行性,具有一定的推广应用前景。
The security system can promote the city’s image, strengthen the management of organization, and guarantee to provide good service, is an important part in an advanced city. At present, security alarm system, such as the use of photoelectric alarms technology, the smart alarm technology, network technology, did not solve the problem which must be a certain power, auxiliary power (AC power) supply, which increases system cost, installation space.once the power was cut off, the whole security system will be completely lost function. Since all designs are not a low-power design, it which makes use of auxiliary backup power supply has become very difficult. Thus that becomes a key constraint of security system performance.
Alarm information through the telephone lines achieves the basic means of information links. The use of electrical energy from the telephone line obtains the power and auxiliary power supply coupled with the method is to improve the security system, which is one effective way of power supply reliability. However, the telephone lines can only support a load of about 500 uA, which uses telephone lines to become a fundamental obstacle to power. This paper attempts by a basic security alarm system to all aspects of the low-power design, in order to minimize the security alarm system, the average energy consumption, so as to realize the use of telephone line-powered solutions.
This paper analysis and compares current the security system in common, and set up the structure of security system that based on the DTMF and completed the system hard, software development and design the work. The system takes the Low -Power chip microcomputer MSP430F2001 as a core, and it achieves the function such as the alarm deletion and identification through the Low -Power electric circuit such as the Low -Power infrared signal processing chip, sensor, the HT9200A,Because the system ascertain the telephone number,the paper studied the DTMF basic principle and hardware decoding, DTMF decoder algorithm and realizes the technique thoroughly, at last,the paper analysis the DTMF decoder algorithm based on comparator saved hardware source and time and the power consumption. thus,the entire circuit of the standby power consumption of using telephone lines has an acceptable power supply area.As same time, the entire security system of the software and hardware design has been completed.
As the basic functional verification, there is no auxiliary power design, the wireless alarm, the user settings of personalized phone numbers, and others interface functions. Whether decoding algorithm off-line simulation, or the operation of the simulation system have confirmed the software decoding and the actual feasibility of the system with a certain degree of promotion prospects.
引文
[1]陈富,周江华.家用防盗报警器.专利号01143257.8
[2]何志雄.智能防盗报警器.专利号02109988.X
[3] Alheraish A. Design and Implementation of Home Automation System. Consumer Electronics. 2004, 50 (4):1087-1092
[4] Okatan A.SalihA,AkpolatC,CekliK. Microcontroller Based Vehicle Tracing System via Use of GPS and GSM.RAST’03 international Conference.2003.
[5] Mobile phone alarm.US patent 5635897
[6] Telephone monitoring and alarm device.US patent 5923731
[7]周汶.一种触点按钮电话报警器.专利号02255859.4
[8]赖振兴,张炜.可自动报警的无线电话.专利号. 200510024758.X
[9]康佳集团有限公司.一种手机一键报警方法.专利号.200610063358.4
[10]张伟.家庭智能安防报警系统研究.山东科技大学硕士毕业论文, 2006
[11] GB50348-2004.安全防范技术工程技术规范.中国建设部.2004-12-1
[12] GB 50394-2007.入侵报警系统工程设计规范.中国建设部.2007-2-21
[13]弋今朝,张禄林,钱玉美.DTMF信号软件解码快速算法的研究. [J]通信技术. 2003年第5期.
[14]赵霞.双音多频信号产生及解码的研究. [J]微电子学.第31卷第6期.
[15]陈泉,胡小龙.基于软件的DTMF产生器及性能分析.[J]单片机及嵌入式系统的应用,2005.4
[16]李建.热释电传感器原理与应用.[J]传感器世界,2005.7.
[17]吴顺伟,朱丽娜.基于热释电传感器的位置相关算法研究.[J]山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2006.37.
[18]曹建.基于电话网络的高灵敏度红外报警系统的设计.山东科技大学硕士毕业论文,2006.
[19] Data sheet:BISS0001红外传感信号处理器.2005.
[20]邱关源等.电路. [M]北京:高等教育出版社.2002.7.
[21]康华光.电子技术基础模拟部分[M].北京:高等教育出版社2002.4.
[22]童诗白.模拟电子技术基础[M]北京:高等教育出版社1988.
[23]李永平等.Pspice电路仿真程序设计.[M].北京:国防工业出版社2006.7.
[24]李永平,董欣等.Pspice电路优化程序设计.[M]北京:国防工业出版社2004.7.
[25] Data sheet: HT9200A. DTMF Generators.1998.8
[26] GB/T 15279-2002自动电话机技术条件.信息产业部电信传输研究所2002-07-01.
[27] Datasheet: H11A1. Photo IC Photo Coupler .2000 .
[28] Datasheet: HT9020A Call Progress Tone Decoder Controller.1998.8.
[29] Datasheet:LM2574 SIMPLE SWITCHER 0.5AStep-DownVoltage Regulator.1999
[30] Datasheet:MSP430X1X2XFamilyMIXEDSINGALMICROCONTROLLER.Texas Instruments corporation,2006.
[31]胡大可MSP430系列FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机.[M]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社2002.3.
[32]秦龙.MSP430应用系统开发典型实例.[M]北京:中国电力出版社2005.7.
[33]沈建华,杨艳琴.MSP430系列16位超低功耗单片机实践与系统设计.[M]北京:清华大学出版社2005.4.
[34]魏小龙. MSP430系列单片机接口技术与系统设计实例. [M]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社2002
[35] Datasheet:HT9170 DTMF Receiver.1999.12.20
[36] Oppenheim A.V.等著,刘树棠等译.离散时间信号处理(第二版). [M]西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
[37] Alan V. Oppenheim Alan S.Willsky S.Hamid Nawab,刘树棠等译. [M] Signals and Systems. Pearson Education .2002.8
[38]王文渊.信号与系统. [M]北京:清华大学出版社.2008.9.
[39]陈亮,杨吉斌.信号处理算法的实时DSP实现. [M]北京:电子工业出版社
[40] DTMF Tone Generation and Detection: An Implementation Using the TMS320C54x,Texas Instruments,2000.
[41] Sen m kuo. Real Time Digital Signal Processing Implementations and appliation.2006
[42]陈昱翰,DTMF双音多频解码器. [J]现代通信,1995.10.
[43]张恭庆,林源渠. [M]泛函分析讲义. 1987.3.
[44]维基百科全书,泛函分析.
[45]童裕孙,泛函分析教程. [M] 2003.10.
[46]王彦平,任延群等.Protel99电路设计指南.[M]北京:清华大学出版社2003.12.
[47]高鹏,安涛等.Protel99入门与提高.[M]人民邮电出版社.2003.6.
[48]赵晶等.Protel99高级应用. [M]人民邮电出版社.2003.6.
[49] Datasheet: DTMF Detection Using PIC18 Microcontrollers.2005.
[50]张毅刚,彭喜元.单片机原理及应用. [M]北京:高等教育出版社, 2003.
[51]池雪莲.单片机抗干扰技术探讨. [J]科技情报开发与经济, 2005, 15(21): 245-246.
[52]王燕芳,宋辉.单片机系统实用抗干扰设计. [J]电子工程师, 2006, 32.
[53]杨健,张晓琦等.单片机系统常用软硬件抗干扰措施.[J]后勤工程学院学报. 2004(1):75-78.
[54]刘光斌等.单片机系统实用抗干扰技术.[M]北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003.
[55]张毅刚等.新编MCS-51单片机应用设计. [M]哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 2003.
[56]王伟滩.单片机应用系统的软件抗干扰技术. [J]娄底师专学报, 2004(2): 26-29.
[57]何立民.MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计. [J]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 1990.
[58]李朝青.单片机原理及接口技术. [M]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2005.
[59]胡政,董飚.单片机在嵌入式系统应用中的抗干扰技术. [J]机电产品开发与创新. 2007年11月,第20卷第6期
[60]王晶,孙越强.星载单片机系统抗干扰技术. [J]单片机开发与应用. 2007年第23卷第7-2期
[2]何志雄.智能防盗报警器.专利号02109988.X
[3] Alheraish A. Design and Implementation of Home Automation System. Consumer Electronics. 2004, 50 (4):1087-1092
[4] Okatan A.SalihA,AkpolatC,CekliK. Microcontroller Based Vehicle Tracing System via Use of GPS and GSM.RAST’03 international Conference.2003.
[5] Mobile phone alarm.US patent 5635897
[6] Telephone monitoring and alarm device.US patent 5923731
[7]周汶.一种触点按钮电话报警器.专利号02255859.4
[8]赖振兴,张炜.可自动报警的无线电话.专利号. 200510024758.X
[9]康佳集团有限公司.一种手机一键报警方法.专利号.200610063358.4
[10]张伟.家庭智能安防报警系统研究.山东科技大学硕士毕业论文, 2006
[11] GB50348-2004.安全防范技术工程技术规范.中国建设部.2004-12-1
[12] GB 50394-2007.入侵报警系统工程设计规范.中国建设部.2007-2-21
[13]弋今朝,张禄林,钱玉美.DTMF信号软件解码快速算法的研究. [J]通信技术. 2003年第5期.
[14]赵霞.双音多频信号产生及解码的研究. [J]微电子学.第31卷第6期.
[15]陈泉,胡小龙.基于软件的DTMF产生器及性能分析.[J]单片机及嵌入式系统的应用,2005.4
[16]李建.热释电传感器原理与应用.[J]传感器世界,2005.7.
[17]吴顺伟,朱丽娜.基于热释电传感器的位置相关算法研究.[J]山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2006.37.
[18]曹建.基于电话网络的高灵敏度红外报警系统的设计.山东科技大学硕士毕业论文,2006.
[19] Data sheet:BISS0001红外传感信号处理器.2005.
[20]邱关源等.电路. [M]北京:高等教育出版社.2002.7.
[21]康华光.电子技术基础模拟部分[M].北京:高等教育出版社2002.4.
[22]童诗白.模拟电子技术基础[M]北京:高等教育出版社1988.
[23]李永平等.Pspice电路仿真程序设计.[M].北京:国防工业出版社2006.7.
[24]李永平,董欣等.Pspice电路优化程序设计.[M]北京:国防工业出版社2004.7.
[25] Data sheet: HT9200A. DTMF Generators.1998.8
[26] GB/T 15279-2002自动电话机技术条件.信息产业部电信传输研究所2002-07-01.
[27] Datasheet: H11A1. Photo IC Photo Coupler .2000 .
[28] Datasheet: HT9020A Call Progress Tone Decoder Controller.1998.8.
[29] Datasheet:LM2574 SIMPLE SWITCHER 0.5AStep-DownVoltage Regulator.1999
[30] Datasheet:MSP430X1X2XFamilyMIXEDSINGALMICROCONTROLLER.Texas Instruments corporation,2006.
[31]胡大可MSP430系列FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机.[M]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社2002.3.
[32]秦龙.MSP430应用系统开发典型实例.[M]北京:中国电力出版社2005.7.
[33]沈建华,杨艳琴.MSP430系列16位超低功耗单片机实践与系统设计.[M]北京:清华大学出版社2005.4.
[34]魏小龙. MSP430系列单片机接口技术与系统设计实例. [M]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社2002
[35] Datasheet:HT9170 DTMF Receiver.1999.12.20
[36] Oppenheim A.V.等著,刘树棠等译.离散时间信号处理(第二版). [M]西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
[37] Alan V. Oppenheim Alan S.Willsky S.Hamid Nawab,刘树棠等译. [M] Signals and Systems. Pearson Education .2002.8
[38]王文渊.信号与系统. [M]北京:清华大学出版社.2008.9.
[39]陈亮,杨吉斌.信号处理算法的实时DSP实现. [M]北京:电子工业出版社
[40] DTMF Tone Generation and Detection: An Implementation Using the TMS320C54x,Texas Instruments,2000.
[41] Sen m kuo. Real Time Digital Signal Processing Implementations and appliation.2006
[42]陈昱翰,DTMF双音多频解码器. [J]现代通信,1995.10.
[43]张恭庆,林源渠. [M]泛函分析讲义. 1987.3.
[44]维基百科全书,泛函分析.
[45]童裕孙,泛函分析教程. [M] 2003.10.
[46]王彦平,任延群等.Protel99电路设计指南.[M]北京:清华大学出版社2003.12.
[47]高鹏,安涛等.Protel99入门与提高.[M]人民邮电出版社.2003.6.
[48]赵晶等.Protel99高级应用. [M]人民邮电出版社.2003.6.
[49] Datasheet: DTMF Detection Using PIC18 Microcontrollers.2005.
[50]张毅刚,彭喜元.单片机原理及应用. [M]北京:高等教育出版社, 2003.
[51]池雪莲.单片机抗干扰技术探讨. [J]科技情报开发与经济, 2005, 15(21): 245-246.
[52]王燕芳,宋辉.单片机系统实用抗干扰设计. [J]电子工程师, 2006, 32.
[53]杨健,张晓琦等.单片机系统常用软硬件抗干扰措施.[J]后勤工程学院学报. 2004(1):75-78.
[54]刘光斌等.单片机系统实用抗干扰技术.[M]北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003.
[55]张毅刚等.新编MCS-51单片机应用设计. [M]哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 2003.
[56]王伟滩.单片机应用系统的软件抗干扰技术. [J]娄底师专学报, 2004(2): 26-29.
[57]何立民.MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计. [J]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 1990.
[58]李朝青.单片机原理及接口技术. [M]北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2005.
[59]胡政,董飚.单片机在嵌入式系统应用中的抗干扰技术. [J]机电产品开发与创新. 2007年11月,第20卷第6期
[60]王晶,孙越强.星载单片机系统抗干扰技术. [J]单片机开发与应用. 2007年第23卷第7-2期