智能卡在移动通信领域的应用
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摘要
电子技术的快速发展推动了智能卡界的发展,同时,智能卡的发展也涉及到许多领域,尤其在移动通信领域发展最为迅速的是电信SIM卡。SIM卡在2G时代的主要应用是语音业务和用户鉴权。随着3G时代的到来,国际标准化组织3GPP(第三代合作伙伴计划)又制定了适合3G网络的USIM卡相关规范。USIM通过引入UICC多应用IC卡平台的概念,突破了USIM卡等同于SIM的单应用框架,实现了多个应用同时运行的多通道机制。这就使USIM卡的研究有着至关重要的作用。
USIM卡在手机电源开启后有两种方式:工作方式和空闲方式。工作方式时主要完成与手机终端之间的信息传输。而传输的具体方式,传输中的信息控制,传输的安全性,USIM卡和手机间的信息交互等等正是本文的研究方向。
本文主要包括以下几方面内容:
(1)USIM卡的平台:USIM卡相关规范,主要研究UICC平台规范及接触式智能卡规范(ISO7816系列标准),从而使USIM卡的设计更加标准化。
(2)USIM卡操作系统底层模块:包括通讯模块,基本读写模块,内存管理模块等。主要功能就是控制卡与外界的信息交换,管理智能卡内的存储器并在卡内部完成各种命令的处理。本文结合具体的芯片进行设计,且各模块相对独立,具有可移植性。在信息交换过程中,USIM卡的平台支持两种信息交换协议即异步字符传输的T=0协议以及异步分组传输的T=l协议。本文中的设计采用的是T=0的传输协议。
(3)USIM卡的测试:介绍了USIM卡测试的硬、软件环境,并通过对具体测试点的测试和数据分析验证了USIM卡的设计符合技术规范,达到了设计标准,满足了设计功能要求。
The rapid development of electronic technology promotes the development of the smart card industry, while the development of the smart card is also involved in many areas, especially the SIM card in the field of telecommunications. The main applications of the SIM card in the 2G era are voice business and user authentication. With the coming of 3G era, International Organization for Standardization 3GPP (Third-generation Partner Program) has developed a 3G network for the USIM card-related norms. By introducing the conception of UICC multi-application on the IC card platform, it makes a breakthrough in the USIM card equivalent to a single SIM application framework, and realizes the corresponding norms of the multi-channel mechanism that a number of applications run at the same time. This makes the study of USIM card of great significance.
There are two ways for the USIM card after the mobile is powered on: working mode and free mode. The main task under the working mode is transmitting the information with the mobile terminal. And the specific transmission mode, the information control during transmission, transmission security, the information exchange between the USIM card and the mobile phones, etc., are the research directions of this paper.
This paper including the followings:
studies the USIM cards which are in according to the UICC norms and other norms of the smart card (ISO7816 series standards), including the followings:
(1)Platform of USIM : tudies the USIM norms, mainly the UICC norms and other norms of the smart card (ISO7816 series standards), so that the design of USIM more standardized.
(2)USIM card underlying operating system modules: telecommunications module, basic reading and writing module, document structures are included. The main functions of the operating system are the information exchange between the control cards and outside, and management of the smart card and memory card to complete a variety of internal order processing.In the course of the information exchange, USIM card platform supports two kinds of information exchange agreement: T=0 protocol of asynchronous characters transmission and T=1 protocol of asynchronous characters transmission division. This paper adopts the T=0 transfer protocol.
(3) USIM card system testing program: introduces the testing hardware and software environment of USIM card, and lists the test points and testing methods, and through analyses of the test data verify the USIM card is designed meet with the technical specifications,and meet the design requirements.
USIM卡在手机电源开启后有两种方式:工作方式和空闲方式。工作方式时主要完成与手机终端之间的信息传输。而传输的具体方式,传输中的信息控制,传输的安全性,USIM卡和手机间的信息交互等等正是本文的研究方向。
本文主要包括以下几方面内容:
(1)USIM卡的平台:USIM卡相关规范,主要研究UICC平台规范及接触式智能卡规范(ISO7816系列标准),从而使USIM卡的设计更加标准化。
(2)USIM卡操作系统底层模块:包括通讯模块,基本读写模块,内存管理模块等。主要功能就是控制卡与外界的信息交换,管理智能卡内的存储器并在卡内部完成各种命令的处理。本文结合具体的芯片进行设计,且各模块相对独立,具有可移植性。在信息交换过程中,USIM卡的平台支持两种信息交换协议即异步字符传输的T=0协议以及异步分组传输的T=l协议。本文中的设计采用的是T=0的传输协议。
(3)USIM卡的测试:介绍了USIM卡测试的硬、软件环境,并通过对具体测试点的测试和数据分析验证了USIM卡的设计符合技术规范,达到了设计标准,满足了设计功能要求。
The rapid development of electronic technology promotes the development of the smart card industry, while the development of the smart card is also involved in many areas, especially the SIM card in the field of telecommunications. The main applications of the SIM card in the 2G era are voice business and user authentication. With the coming of 3G era, International Organization for Standardization 3GPP (Third-generation Partner Program) has developed a 3G network for the USIM card-related norms. By introducing the conception of UICC multi-application on the IC card platform, it makes a breakthrough in the USIM card equivalent to a single SIM application framework, and realizes the corresponding norms of the multi-channel mechanism that a number of applications run at the same time. This makes the study of USIM card of great significance.
There are two ways for the USIM card after the mobile is powered on: working mode and free mode. The main task under the working mode is transmitting the information with the mobile terminal. And the specific transmission mode, the information control during transmission, transmission security, the information exchange between the USIM card and the mobile phones, etc., are the research directions of this paper.
This paper including the followings:
studies the USIM cards which are in according to the UICC norms and other norms of the smart card (ISO7816 series standards), including the followings:
(1)Platform of USIM : tudies the USIM norms, mainly the UICC norms and other norms of the smart card (ISO7816 series standards), so that the design of USIM more standardized.
(2)USIM card underlying operating system modules: telecommunications module, basic reading and writing module, document structures are included. The main functions of the operating system are the information exchange between the control cards and outside, and management of the smart card and memory card to complete a variety of internal order processing.In the course of the information exchange, USIM card platform supports two kinds of information exchange agreement: T=0 protocol of asynchronous characters transmission and T=1 protocol of asynchronous characters transmission division. This paper adopts the T=0 transfer protocol.
(3) USIM card system testing program: introduces the testing hardware and software environment of USIM card, and lists the test points and testing methods, and through analyses of the test data verify the USIM card is designed meet with the technical specifications,and meet the design requirements.
引文
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[6]穆维新.现代通信网技术(高等学校教材)[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006,1
[7] 3GPP TS 102.221 Smart cards[S]; UICC- Terminal Interface,2006;
[8] 3GPP TS 21.111 USIM and IC card requirements[S]. 2007
[9] International Standard ISO 7816-1,-2,-3,-4[S],IdentifICation Cards[S]. Integrated Circuits Cards, vitl1Contacts,1997
[10] 3GPP TS 31.101 UICC Terminal Interface physical and logical characteristic [S]. 2007
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[15]张志刚,赵奎.智能卡操作系统研究和实例分析[J],企业技术开发.2005,(9) :18~20.
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[22]黄智伟.智能IC卡操作系统的功能分析[J].电子计算机与外边设备.2000.04. 49~51.
[23]亨德里.智能卡安全与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2002.
[24]许志杰,雷菁,李永彬.智能卡安全技术研究[J].现代电子技术.2005, 15: 50~53
[25] 3GPP TS 33.102 3G Security: Security architecture. [S]. 2007
[26]王铁钢,屈艳.智能IC卡的安全与鉴别技术研究.微处理机.2002, 02: 61~64
[27]吴明.智能卡在3G新业务中的应用探索与展望[J].金卡工程,2006,02: 31~32
[28]陆永宁.IC卡应用系统[M].南京:东南大学出版社.2005
[29]刘至武,李代平,容伟斌等.3G网络USIM卡的安全研究与实现[J].金卡工程,2008,06:2~4
[30]刘玉珍,张焕国.多应用安全智能卡结构的研究.武汉大学学报(理学版)[J].2006,02 :87~91
[31]杨洋.OTA下载服务整体解决方案的研究[J].2006,03 : 19~24
[32]中国电信.中国电信USIM卡超级号簿业务规范V0.1[S].中国电信集团公司.2007,01.
[33]张喜蕊.基于SIM/USIM卡的OTA技术研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学,2008.
[34]牛志愿.OTA空中下载技术原理与实现[D].吉林大学.2004
[35]刘坤.3G手机卡USAT功能测试[D].北京:北京邮电大学.2007.
[36]覃毅,陈容征,黄健.智能卡3G COS软件的设计与实现[J].计算机与数字工程,2008,02:174~176
[37]同方微电子.UM506.THC20F07C用户手册[Z].2007,03
[38]李朝青.单片机原理及接口技术.[M]北京航空航天大学出版社.1999.
[39]吕英豪,刘飞飞.多应用智能卡系统安全及应用研究[J].南方冶金学院学报,2003,01: 70~74
[40]李朝青.单片机原理及接口技术(简明修订版)[M].北京航空航天大学出版社.2005
[41] 3GPP TS 31.102 Characteristics of the USIM Application[S].
[42]马学军.多应用平台--USIM卡的重要特色[J].中国无线电2004,4: 37~38
[43]张海英.智能卡操作系统研究[D].北方工业大学.2008,03
[44]刘玉珍,覃中平.实用智能卡操作系统的设计与实现[J].武汉大学学报,2000: 309~312
[45]同方微电子. THC20F07C芯片BL&OS程序用户手册[Z].2007,03
[46]李金良,许珊琳.智能卡操作系统COS编程语言及编译器系统设计与实现[J].中国集成电路.2005,(11) : 45~47
[47]华大电子.CIU51G128智能卡芯片用户手册V2.2[Z].2008,04
[48]华大电子. CIU51G128智能卡芯片Loader使用手册V2.4[Z].2008,03
[49]张利华.智能卡操作系统开发中的测试技术[J].计算机工程与设计,2004,(6) : 901~902,931
[50]郑人杰,殷人昆.实用软件工程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[51]周珂,果敢.USIM卡的全面测试[J].电信技术. 2005,12: 11~13
[2]崔宏伟.3G USIM卡的安全控制[J].山西电子技术.2006,6 .1. 45~57
[3]夏玉溪.3G移动通信系统的安全机制[J].电信技术.2006,09:75~77
[4]梅宏;智能卡在身份识别与安全领域的应用和发展[J];金卡工程; 2005,01; 44-45
[5]张智江,朱士钧,张云勇等.3G核心网技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006,1
[6]穆维新.现代通信网技术(高等学校教材)[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006,1
[7] 3GPP TS 102.221 Smart cards[S]; UICC- Terminal Interface,2006;
[8] 3GPP TS 21.111 USIM and IC card requirements[S]. 2007
[9] International Standard ISO 7816-1,-2,-3,-4[S],IdentifICation Cards[S]. Integrated Circuits Cards, vitl1Contacts,1997
[10] 3GPP TS 31.101 UICC Terminal Interface physical and logical characteristic [S]. 2007
[11]曾涌波.WCDMA系统中的用户识别模块——USIM[J].现代电子信息技术理论与应用.2004,3: 2~3.
[12]王爱英.智能卡技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996.
[13]黄淼云.智能卡应用系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2000,09.
[14]范晓红,吴今培,张其善.智能卡文件系统的安全访问机制[J].微计算机应用.2004,1 :37~42
[15]张志刚,赵奎.智能卡操作系统研究和实例分析[J],企业技术开发.2005,(9) :18~20.
[16]杨振野. IC卡技术及其应用[M].科学出版社.2006.
[17]段丽斌.智能卡技术与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1995.
[18]李翔.智能卡研发技术与工程实践[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.
[19] Scott B.Gothery & Timothy M.Jurgensen.智能卡开发者指南[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2000.07.
[20]陈幼雷,王张宜,张焕国.智能卡系统的安全性研究[J].计算机工程.2002,7:63~65
[21]刘刚,李峥,杨先文等.智能卡应用框架的研究及应用[J].计算机工程与设计.2007.12. 5784~5786.
[22]黄智伟.智能IC卡操作系统的功能分析[J].电子计算机与外边设备.2000.04. 49~51.
[23]亨德里.智能卡安全与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2002.
[24]许志杰,雷菁,李永彬.智能卡安全技术研究[J].现代电子技术.2005, 15: 50~53
[25] 3GPP TS 33.102 3G Security: Security architecture. [S]. 2007
[26]王铁钢,屈艳.智能IC卡的安全与鉴别技术研究.微处理机.2002, 02: 61~64
[27]吴明.智能卡在3G新业务中的应用探索与展望[J].金卡工程,2006,02: 31~32
[28]陆永宁.IC卡应用系统[M].南京:东南大学出版社.2005
[29]刘至武,李代平,容伟斌等.3G网络USIM卡的安全研究与实现[J].金卡工程,2008,06:2~4
[30]刘玉珍,张焕国.多应用安全智能卡结构的研究.武汉大学学报(理学版)[J].2006,02 :87~91
[31]杨洋.OTA下载服务整体解决方案的研究[J].2006,03 : 19~24
[32]中国电信.中国电信USIM卡超级号簿业务规范V0.1[S].中国电信集团公司.2007,01.
[33]张喜蕊.基于SIM/USIM卡的OTA技术研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学,2008.
[34]牛志愿.OTA空中下载技术原理与实现[D].吉林大学.2004
[35]刘坤.3G手机卡USAT功能测试[D].北京:北京邮电大学.2007.
[36]覃毅,陈容征,黄健.智能卡3G COS软件的设计与实现[J].计算机与数字工程,2008,02:174~176
[37]同方微电子.UM506.THC20F07C用户手册[Z].2007,03
[38]李朝青.单片机原理及接口技术.[M]北京航空航天大学出版社.1999.
[39]吕英豪,刘飞飞.多应用智能卡系统安全及应用研究[J].南方冶金学院学报,2003,01: 70~74
[40]李朝青.单片机原理及接口技术(简明修订版)[M].北京航空航天大学出版社.2005
[41] 3GPP TS 31.102 Characteristics of the USIM Application[S].
[42]马学军.多应用平台--USIM卡的重要特色[J].中国无线电2004,4: 37~38
[43]张海英.智能卡操作系统研究[D].北方工业大学.2008,03
[44]刘玉珍,覃中平.实用智能卡操作系统的设计与实现[J].武汉大学学报,2000: 309~312
[45]同方微电子. THC20F07C芯片BL&OS程序用户手册[Z].2007,03
[46]李金良,许珊琳.智能卡操作系统COS编程语言及编译器系统设计与实现[J].中国集成电路.2005,(11) : 45~47
[47]华大电子.CIU51G128智能卡芯片用户手册V2.2[Z].2008,04
[48]华大电子. CIU51G128智能卡芯片Loader使用手册V2.4[Z].2008,03
[49]张利华.智能卡操作系统开发中的测试技术[J].计算机工程与设计,2004,(6) : 901~902,931
[50]郑人杰,殷人昆.实用软件工程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[51]周珂,果敢.USIM卡的全面测试[J].电信技术. 2005,12: 11~13