基于热管技术的地板辐射采暖特性研究
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摘要
地板辐射采暖是建筑节能的有效途径之一。目前地板辐射采暖的主要做法是利用塑料管进行辐射采暖。塑料管具有很多优点,但是塑料的热阻较大,导热系数低,所以会导致响应速度慢、散热功率低等缺陷。而利用热管的特性能很好的解决这些缺陷。
本文利用热管代替塑料管进行地板辐射采暖,研究了1000㎜长的不锈钢-水热管。通过理论研究,单根热管的极限传热量为4124.6W,从理论方面可以用少量热管满足房间采暖的需求。通过计算蒸发段的传热量为2684W,冷凝段的散热量为2632W,二者只差非常小,所以热管的表面温度具有良好的等温性。经过计算,热管在安装散热翅片后的散热量要比没有散热翅片的散热量增加34%。
单根热管试验与地板辐射试验,测得此热管的较佳充液量在30%左右;在此时的蒸发段长度保持在190㎜;热管放置的倾角保持在1°～2°;热媒温度在40℃;流量保持在0.5m3/h;热管间距在200㎜等一系列试验数据。通过试验测得空气平均温度、地板表面温度、实验室围护结构的平均辐射温度等一系列参数,得出利用热管辐射采暖时的人体舒适度。利用模拟得出利用热管辐射采暖时的室内空气速度场与温度场分布。
综上所述,利用热管进行地板辐射采暖为建筑节能开辟了又一条新的道路。
It is a effective shortcut to attain construction energy-saving by the floor radiation heating’At present plastic pipe was the main material in it.Plastic pipe has many merits,but its thermal resistance was great and thermal conductivity was lower,what bring out was lower response speed and abstraction of heat power.It can resolve those shortcomings use heat pipe perfectly.
We use heat pipe take the place of plastic pipe in floor radiation heating this article and researched a 1000 millimeter heat pipe.Through theory researching we can know the maximum capacity of a heat pipe heat transmission was 4124.6W,so it can use few heat pipes reach the heating result.The heat transmission of evaporation zone was 2684W and condensation zone was 2632W,from that we can know why it has good isothermality.The heat transmission of heat pipe which fix fins will increase 34% through calculation.
It is better when the heat pipe liquid-filled volume reach approximately 30%,evaporation zone reach 190 millimeter,angle of dip keep 1°-2°,the temperature of heating medium keep 40℃,the flow rate keep 0.5m3/h,the space between two heat pipes keep 200 millimeter , and so on data through experiment.It obtain the temperature of room air and floor,mean radiant temperature of building envelope and draw a conclusion of human body comfort.We can know the air speed and temperature distribute through analog simulation.
In a word,it cut a new road for construction energy saving using heat pipe in floor radiant heating.
本文利用热管代替塑料管进行地板辐射采暖,研究了1000㎜长的不锈钢-水热管。通过理论研究,单根热管的极限传热量为4124.6W,从理论方面可以用少量热管满足房间采暖的需求。通过计算蒸发段的传热量为2684W,冷凝段的散热量为2632W,二者只差非常小,所以热管的表面温度具有良好的等温性。经过计算,热管在安装散热翅片后的散热量要比没有散热翅片的散热量增加34%。
单根热管试验与地板辐射试验,测得此热管的较佳充液量在30%左右;在此时的蒸发段长度保持在190㎜;热管放置的倾角保持在1°～2°;热媒温度在40℃;流量保持在0.5m3/h;热管间距在200㎜等一系列试验数据。通过试验测得空气平均温度、地板表面温度、实验室围护结构的平均辐射温度等一系列参数,得出利用热管辐射采暖时的人体舒适度。利用模拟得出利用热管辐射采暖时的室内空气速度场与温度场分布。
综上所述,利用热管进行地板辐射采暖为建筑节能开辟了又一条新的道路。
It is a effective shortcut to attain construction energy-saving by the floor radiation heating’At present plastic pipe was the main material in it.Plastic pipe has many merits,but its thermal resistance was great and thermal conductivity was lower,what bring out was lower response speed and abstraction of heat power.It can resolve those shortcomings use heat pipe perfectly.
We use heat pipe take the place of plastic pipe in floor radiation heating this article and researched a 1000 millimeter heat pipe.Through theory researching we can know the maximum capacity of a heat pipe heat transmission was 4124.6W,so it can use few heat pipes reach the heating result.The heat transmission of evaporation zone was 2684W and condensation zone was 2632W,from that we can know why it has good isothermality.The heat transmission of heat pipe which fix fins will increase 34% through calculation.
It is better when the heat pipe liquid-filled volume reach approximately 30%,evaporation zone reach 190 millimeter,angle of dip keep 1°-2°,the temperature of heating medium keep 40℃,the flow rate keep 0.5m3/h,the space between two heat pipes keep 200 millimeter , and so on data through experiment.It obtain the temperature of room air and floor,mean radiant temperature of building envelope and draw a conclusion of human body comfort.We can know the air speed and temperature distribute through analog simulation.
In a word,it cut a new road for construction energy saving using heat pipe in floor radiant heating.
引文
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[1]司小雷.我国的建筑能耗现状及解决对策[J].建筑节能,2008,36(2):71-74
[2]宋振水.从建筑能耗现状看我国建筑节能的挖掘潜力[J].石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报,2005,4(2):79-82
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[4]李仕国,王烨.中国耗能现状及节能措施概述[J].环境科学与管理,2008,33(2):6-9
[5]王腾飞.低温地板辐射采暖的优越性[J].化学工程与装备,2009,10:131-132
[6]韩飞燕,沈致和.散热器对流采暖与地板辐射采暖的分析比较[J].山西建筑,2008,34(20):27-30
[7]丁金波.浅谈低温地板辐射采暖的优劣性[J].内蒙古石油化工,2009,4:47-49
[8]傅允准,蔡颖玲,陈帅等.毛细管地板辐射采暖特性实验研究[J].流体机械,2009,37(8):54-57
[9]孙国成,杨华等.低温热水地板辐射采暖在建筑中的应用[J].新疆石油科技,2009,19(2)68-71
[10]张淑芬,王向阳,王清洲.低温热水地板辐射采暖在建筑中的应用与发展[J].山西建筑,2008,38(26):200-201
[11]铁燕,罗会龙.热管技术在建筑节能中的应用[J].建设科技,2008,125:53-65
[12]陈戈,王如竹,代彦军等.太阳能地板辐射采暖系统的试验与数值模拟分析[J]能源技术,2005,26(2)77-80
[13]孙志坚,王立新,王岩等.重力型热管散热器传热特性的试验研究[J].浙江大学学报,2007,41(8):1403-1405
[14]郑燕妮,刘吉普.倾斜角度变化对螺旋翅片热管传热性能的影响[J].化工装备技术,2004,25(4):19-22
[15]冼海珍,刘登灜，商窩竦?脉冲加热对震荡流热管传热性能的影响[J].工程热物理报,2008,29(8):1363-1366
[16]廖亚芹,李奇贺.常温热管散热器试验研究与分析[J].建筑热能通风空调,2008,27(1):45-48
[17]Bohle J,W Kast and HK.Kuhlleistung von Kunhldecken mit FEM berechnet[J].HLH,1992,43:658-663.
[18]S Y Ho,ect.Simulation of the Dynamic Behaviour of A Hydronic Floor Heating System[J].Heating Recover.1995,15(6):505-519.
[19]胡松涛等,地板辐射供暖系统运行工况动态仿真[J]暖通空调,1999,29(4):15-17.
[20]Delsante A E.Steady-state heat losses from the core and perimeter regions of a slab-on-ground floor[J]Building and environment,1989,24(3):253-257.
[21]周根明,周燕,马哲树.水平深置高效热管的传热特性实验研究[J].江苏科技大学学报,2008,22(1):68-72
[22]张俊,庄红.热管技术及工程应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000
[23]何署,夏再忠,王如竹.一种新型重力热管性能实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(5):834-836
[24]齐斌,倪计民,顾宁等.发动机热管理系统试验和仿真研究[J].车用发动机,2008,4:40-43
[25]胡爱凤.径向热管传热的数值计算及结果分析[J].制冷技术,2008,36(8):83-86
[26]傅烈虎.脉动热管传热性能试验研究[J].制冷技术,2008,27(2):7-11
[27]柏立战,林贵平,张红星.重力辅助环路热管稳态运行特性的实验研究[J].航空学报,2008,29(5):1112-1117
[28]焦波,邱利民,张洋.低温重力热管传热性能的理论与实验研究[J].浙江大学学报,2008,42(11):1966-1972
[29]鱼亚丽,刘艳峰,易赛蓝.低温地板辐射供暖室内温度参数分析[J].低温建筑技术,2009,1:92-94
[30]刘明会,杨茉,张立宏等.纵向导热对换热芯传热性能的影响[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(12):2071-2073
[31]刘俊,张旭,高军等.地源热泵桩基埋管传热性能测试与数值模拟研究[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(6):727-731
[32]白敏丽,喜娜.CPU集成热管散热器实验研究及CFD辅助设计[J]大连理工大学学报,2008,48(2):178-184
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