基于ARM的人体心血管生理指标监测系统设计与实现
摘要
随着科学技术的进步以及人民生活水平的日益提高,人均寿命日益延长,社会将进入老龄化,老人的医疗护理需求将很大。一方面老年病人更愿意接受家庭环境下的护理,另一方面从长远来看,对人体生理参数指标的监测与记录对现代人身体变化状况的研究具有深远意义。因此,本文设计了基于ARM人体生理参数监测系统终端和与之配套的专业医疗机构服务系统。
终端通过以太网接入到INTERNET ,利用TCP/IP协议进行传输,实现生理参数信号的远程采集与传输。在医疗端给出针对不同终端客户的医疗建档和服务。
1.文章介绍了人体生理参数(改参数包括血压,脉搏波,体温)的生物信号转为电信号的医理模型,然后根据医理模型得到数学模型和物理模型。
2.给出终端硬件设计的实现。文章对终端采用的三星公司的S3C2440微处理器进行了介绍,并且实现了对终端系统中的AD数据采集、LCD液晶屏和触摸屏的搭建、储器的扩张、源系统的设计、网络连接电路的硬件开发。这种基于ARM嵌入式处理器S3C2440及Linux操作系统的实现方案,经过实验检验了其工作的可行性。
3.终端的嵌入式系统的软件实现。实现了终端主要模块中的液晶显示屏、触摸屏、AD、网络芯片等在嵌入式linux环境下驱动的编写。同时,本文对终端的应用程序的各个功能模块的设计方法的进行了详细介绍。
4.服务器端的软件系统实现。对各个医疗模块数据库的构建也给出了详细的介绍。
最后文章得到结论:基于以太网的人体生理参数采集系统能够充分利用Internet的优势,提高人们对自身身体变化的关注度,因而为远程医疗、家庭保健、专家会诊等新兴的医疗技术提供良好的基础支持。
With the scientific and technological progressing and living standards improving, the average life spans of people keep increasing, the community will inevitably enter the ageing and the health care needs of the elder will be great. On the one hand, elderly patients will be more willing to accept medical care under family environment, on the other hand, human physiological parameters monitoring and recording have far-reaching significance for researches on changes in the body, therefore, this paper has designed a human physiological parameters monitoring system terminal based on ARM and the accompanying professional medical bodies service system.
The terminal is connected to the INTERNET via the Ethernet, implementing physiological parameters long-distance acquisition and transmission by using TCP / IP protocol. And different medical files and services are supplied for different end-users by the medical-EP.
1.This article introduces the medical model that translates the human being physiological signals (including parameters of blood pressure, pulse wave, body temperature) to electronical signals, and discusses how to build mathematical and physical model based on the medical model.
2.Terminal hardware design is given. The terminal uses S3C2440 processor, AD data acquisition card, LCD and touch screen. It includes memory expansion, power systems design, network connectivity circuit development. The feasibility of the easy communication between the serial equipment that based on ARM and Linux and Ethernet gateway has been proved through experiment.
3. The programs of drivers under the Linux are offered, such as the design of terminal embedded system, liquid crystal display of the mainly modules, touch screen, AD, networking chips and so on . At the same time, the functional requirements and design methods of various modules of embedded terminal are described in detail.
4. The designs of the system’s server-side and every construction of the medical module database are discussed in detail.
Finally the article concludes that the human body physiological parameters collection system based on Ethernet taking full advantages of Internet will highlight people’s concern on their own physical changes, therefore it will offer a good foundation support for long-distance medical care, family health, expert consultation and other emerging medical aid.
终端通过以太网接入到INTERNET ,利用TCP/IP协议进行传输,实现生理参数信号的远程采集与传输。在医疗端给出针对不同终端客户的医疗建档和服务。
1.文章介绍了人体生理参数(改参数包括血压,脉搏波,体温)的生物信号转为电信号的医理模型,然后根据医理模型得到数学模型和物理模型。
2.给出终端硬件设计的实现。文章对终端采用的三星公司的S3C2440微处理器进行了介绍,并且实现了对终端系统中的AD数据采集、LCD液晶屏和触摸屏的搭建、储器的扩张、源系统的设计、网络连接电路的硬件开发。这种基于ARM嵌入式处理器S3C2440及Linux操作系统的实现方案,经过实验检验了其工作的可行性。
3.终端的嵌入式系统的软件实现。实现了终端主要模块中的液晶显示屏、触摸屏、AD、网络芯片等在嵌入式linux环境下驱动的编写。同时,本文对终端的应用程序的各个功能模块的设计方法的进行了详细介绍。
4.服务器端的软件系统实现。对各个医疗模块数据库的构建也给出了详细的介绍。
最后文章得到结论:基于以太网的人体生理参数采集系统能够充分利用Internet的优势,提高人们对自身身体变化的关注度,因而为远程医疗、家庭保健、专家会诊等新兴的医疗技术提供良好的基础支持。
With the scientific and technological progressing and living standards improving, the average life spans of people keep increasing, the community will inevitably enter the ageing and the health care needs of the elder will be great. On the one hand, elderly patients will be more willing to accept medical care under family environment, on the other hand, human physiological parameters monitoring and recording have far-reaching significance for researches on changes in the body, therefore, this paper has designed a human physiological parameters monitoring system terminal based on ARM and the accompanying professional medical bodies service system.
The terminal is connected to the INTERNET via the Ethernet, implementing physiological parameters long-distance acquisition and transmission by using TCP / IP protocol. And different medical files and services are supplied for different end-users by the medical-EP.
1.This article introduces the medical model that translates the human being physiological signals (including parameters of blood pressure, pulse wave, body temperature) to electronical signals, and discusses how to build mathematical and physical model based on the medical model.
2.Terminal hardware design is given. The terminal uses S3C2440 processor, AD data acquisition card, LCD and touch screen. It includes memory expansion, power systems design, network connectivity circuit development. The feasibility of the easy communication between the serial equipment that based on ARM and Linux and Ethernet gateway has been proved through experiment.
3. The programs of drivers under the Linux are offered, such as the design of terminal embedded system, liquid crystal display of the mainly modules, touch screen, AD, networking chips and so on . At the same time, the functional requirements and design methods of various modules of embedded terminal are described in detail.
4. The designs of the system’s server-side and every construction of the medical module database are discussed in detail.
Finally the article concludes that the human body physiological parameters collection system based on Ethernet taking full advantages of Internet will highlight people’s concern on their own physical changes, therefore it will offer a good foundation support for long-distance medical care, family health, expert consultation and other emerging medical aid.
引文
[1]龚志梅,陈少媚,田燕等.基于Internet技术的远程医疗系统.中华医院管理杂志,1999,15(3):182-184
[2] Zach s. Telemedicine Overview and Summary.Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel,1996.5-6:409
[3]吴效民,吴凯,岑人经,林旭东.基于B/S模式的管理信息系统开发研究.华南理工大学生物力学研究所,2001,10(1):292-294
[4] Lee M L,Rosner B A,Vokonas P S.Longitudinal Analysis of Adult Male Blood Pressure:the Normative A ng Study[J].Journal of Epidemiology&Biostatistics,1996,65(1):79—87
[5] M auck G E.The Meaning of the Point of Maximum Oscillations in Cuf Pressure in the Indirect Measurement of Blood Pressure[J].J. Biomech.Eng,1980,102(2):89—97
[6] Geddes L A.Characterization of the Oscillometric Method for Measuring Indirect Blood Pressure[J].Ann,s of Biomedical Engineering,1982,1O(6):27 1
[7]李凌,张开诚,王志中等.远程医疗中的新技术.计算机应用研究,1999,6(4):203-207
[8]张永红,李易民,常洪生.远程专家咨询系统.北京生物医学工程,1999,18(4):203-207
[9]孟旭东,王建安,陆凯.家庭网络中的BAN和远程健康监护.南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,江苏省老年医学研究所.TN915,TN92;文章编号:1009-6868(2006)04-0026-05
[10]罗建,催亮,曹培杰,王政.远程医疗家庭监护网的研制.第四军区大学西京医院.文章编号:1002-2376(2001)12-0020-02
[11]白净,张永红,等.远程医疗概论[M].清华大学出版社,2000.218
[12]罗奇伟,江贵平,冯前进,陈武凡.构筑基于WEB技术的远程医疗网的研制.中国医学物理学杂志,第一军医大学医学图像处理全军重点实验室.文章编号:1005-202x(2002)03-0184-04
[13]吕维雪.医学仪器新进展[J].中国医疗器械杂志,1991,25(10):30-50
[14]李天德.临床动态心电图图谱[M].北京:金盾出版社,1993, 20-40
[15]卢敏生.电话心电监测系统记录发送器M.集成电路应用,1997,42(16):12-14
[16]朱翠玲.现代生物医学sw[m].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992, 10-80
[17]刘图数.浅谈动态心电图使用中存在的问题[J].中华内科杂志,1996, 40 -128.
[18]孙小顺.HOLTER的现状及发展方向[p].医疗装备,1997,35(18):8-134.
[19]黄大显.现代心电图[M].上海:人民军医出版社,1998,29 -49
[20]朱翠玲.现代生物医学r.Mml.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992,10-124
[21]杨俊春.便携式动态心电信号n动记录仪的设计[i].应用科技,2003,15(8):15-22
[22]钱剑安.电话传送心电与计算机会诊网络的临床应用Pl.心电学杂志,1996,22(14):2-14
[23]孟繁华.电话传输心电图监测系统的应用与进展[f].国外医学心血9疚病分册,1996,24(16):44 -57
[24]陈瑞中.关于ECG处理与分析的研究[D].广A师范大学,2000,44(15):2-44
[25]吴学勤.动态心电图技术与应用[Ml.中国科学技术人学出版fib,1998,21(10):13 -55
[26]杨世豪.动态心电图系统的现状和发展方向[J].北京生物医学Lf,1993,16(7):34 -59
[27]王林泄.动态心电信号分析系统的研究「D].重庆大学,2002,15(11):12 -45
[28]乔晓丹,张鹏.一个基于Linux操作系统的嵌入式网关的实现[J].微计僻机仃,息.2O05年第二卷第2期
[29]魏永明,骆刚等译.Linux设备驱动程序(第二版)fMI.中国电力出版社,2002,31(8):16 -40
[30]杜养雷编著.ARM体系结构与编程〔M〕.清华人学出版社,2003,19(8):12 -45
[31]魏永明,游华云等译.Linux编程宝典〔M〕.电子工业出版社. 2004,27(14):17 -36
[32]S3C2410A 32一BIT RISC MICOPROCESS USER’S MANUAL.www.samsungsemic.com
[33]Keng Siau.Health care informatics.IEEE Transactions on lnformation Technology in Biomedicine,2003,7(4):1-7
[34]Jean J.Labrosse.MicorC/0S-II The Real—Time Kernel,Second Edition. CMP Books,CMP Media LLC,2002,25(14):41 -56
[35]E.Gal,S.Toledo.A Transactional Flash File System for Microcontrollers.In Proc.of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference, 2005,34(25):31 -48
[36]Charles Manning.Introducing YAFFS:the first NAND specific flash file System,2005
[37]Jasmin Blanchette著,齐亮译.C++ GUI Qt3编程.北京航空航天大学出版社, 2006,8(5):22 -31
[38]Aaron Weiss.Trusted computing.ACM Press 1515 Broadway,17th Floor New York,NY USA, 2005,31(19):46 -68
[39]Baiying Lei.Optimization and Implementation of AVS-M Decoder on ARM.Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics, 2007,14(9):33 -36
[40]E.Gal,S.Toledo.A Transactional Flash File System for Microcontrollers.In Proc.of theUSENIX Annual Technical Conference, 2006,22(19):53 -66
[41]Karlm Yaghmour.Building Embedded Linux System.USA:O’Reilly, 2003,25(16):46 -63
[42]Charles Manning.Introducing YAFFS:the first NAND specific flash file System, 2005,24(16):28 -36
[43]Karlm Yaghmour.Building Embedded Linux System.USA:O’Reilly, 2007,18(12):58 -72
[2] Zach s. Telemedicine Overview and Summary.Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel,1996.5-6:409
[3]吴效民,吴凯,岑人经,林旭东.基于B/S模式的管理信息系统开发研究.华南理工大学生物力学研究所,2001,10(1):292-294
[4] Lee M L,Rosner B A,Vokonas P S.Longitudinal Analysis of Adult Male Blood Pressure:the Normative A ng Study[J].Journal of Epidemiology&Biostatistics,1996,65(1):79—87
[5] M auck G E.The Meaning of the Point of Maximum Oscillations in Cuf Pressure in the Indirect Measurement of Blood Pressure[J].J. Biomech.Eng,1980,102(2):89—97
[6] Geddes L A.Characterization of the Oscillometric Method for Measuring Indirect Blood Pressure[J].Ann,s of Biomedical Engineering,1982,1O(6):27 1
[7]李凌,张开诚,王志中等.远程医疗中的新技术.计算机应用研究,1999,6(4):203-207
[8]张永红,李易民,常洪生.远程专家咨询系统.北京生物医学工程,1999,18(4):203-207
[9]孟旭东,王建安,陆凯.家庭网络中的BAN和远程健康监护.南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,江苏省老年医学研究所.TN915,TN92;文章编号:1009-6868(2006)04-0026-05
[10]罗建,催亮,曹培杰,王政.远程医疗家庭监护网的研制.第四军区大学西京医院.文章编号:1002-2376(2001)12-0020-02
[11]白净,张永红,等.远程医疗概论[M].清华大学出版社,2000.218
[12]罗奇伟,江贵平,冯前进,陈武凡.构筑基于WEB技术的远程医疗网的研制.中国医学物理学杂志,第一军医大学医学图像处理全军重点实验室.文章编号:1005-202x(2002)03-0184-04
[13]吕维雪.医学仪器新进展[J].中国医疗器械杂志,1991,25(10):30-50
[14]李天德.临床动态心电图图谱[M].北京:金盾出版社,1993, 20-40
[15]卢敏生.电话心电监测系统记录发送器M.集成电路应用,1997,42(16):12-14
[16]朱翠玲.现代生物医学sw[m].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992, 10-80
[17]刘图数.浅谈动态心电图使用中存在的问题[J].中华内科杂志,1996, 40 -128.
[18]孙小顺.HOLTER的现状及发展方向[p].医疗装备,1997,35(18):8-134.
[19]黄大显.现代心电图[M].上海:人民军医出版社,1998,29 -49
[20]朱翠玲.现代生物医学r.Mml.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992,10-124
[21]杨俊春.便携式动态心电信号n动记录仪的设计[i].应用科技,2003,15(8):15-22
[22]钱剑安.电话传送心电与计算机会诊网络的临床应用Pl.心电学杂志,1996,22(14):2-14
[23]孟繁华.电话传输心电图监测系统的应用与进展[f].国外医学心血9疚病分册,1996,24(16):44 -57
[24]陈瑞中.关于ECG处理与分析的研究[D].广A师范大学,2000,44(15):2-44
[25]吴学勤.动态心电图技术与应用[Ml.中国科学技术人学出版fib,1998,21(10):13 -55
[26]杨世豪.动态心电图系统的现状和发展方向[J].北京生物医学Lf,1993,16(7):34 -59
[27]王林泄.动态心电信号分析系统的研究「D].重庆大学,2002,15(11):12 -45
[28]乔晓丹,张鹏.一个基于Linux操作系统的嵌入式网关的实现[J].微计僻机仃,息.2O05年第二卷第2期
[29]魏永明,骆刚等译.Linux设备驱动程序(第二版)fMI.中国电力出版社,2002,31(8):16 -40
[30]杜养雷编著.ARM体系结构与编程〔M〕.清华人学出版社,2003,19(8):12 -45
[31]魏永明,游华云等译.Linux编程宝典〔M〕.电子工业出版社. 2004,27(14):17 -36
[32]S3C2410A 32一BIT RISC MICOPROCESS USER’S MANUAL.www.samsungsemic.com
[33]Keng Siau.Health care informatics.IEEE Transactions on lnformation Technology in Biomedicine,2003,7(4):1-7
[34]Jean J.Labrosse.MicorC/0S-II The Real—Time Kernel,Second Edition. CMP Books,CMP Media LLC,2002,25(14):41 -56
[35]E.Gal,S.Toledo.A Transactional Flash File System for Microcontrollers.In Proc.of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference, 2005,34(25):31 -48
[36]Charles Manning.Introducing YAFFS:the first NAND specific flash file System,2005
[37]Jasmin Blanchette著,齐亮译.C++ GUI Qt3编程.北京航空航天大学出版社, 2006,8(5):22 -31
[38]Aaron Weiss.Trusted computing.ACM Press 1515 Broadway,17th Floor New York,NY USA, 2005,31(19):46 -68
[39]Baiying Lei.Optimization and Implementation of AVS-M Decoder on ARM.Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics, 2007,14(9):33 -36
[40]E.Gal,S.Toledo.A Transactional Flash File System for Microcontrollers.In Proc.of theUSENIX Annual Technical Conference, 2006,22(19):53 -66
[41]Karlm Yaghmour.Building Embedded Linux System.USA:O’Reilly, 2003,25(16):46 -63
[42]Charles Manning.Introducing YAFFS:the first NAND specific flash file System, 2005,24(16):28 -36
[43]Karlm Yaghmour.Building Embedded Linux System.USA:O’Reilly, 2007,18(12):58 -72