芜湖市大型企业员工体育生活方式与压力管理的研究
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摘要
21世纪是体验经济时代,中国进入了全面建设小康社会阶段。物质生活富足后的人们开始体验精神生活和诠释生命的价值与意义,这就需要有一个健康的生活方式,以健康的姿态面对生活和工作。
芜湖作为泛长三角地区的制造业基地和皖江城市带承接产业转移示范区的双核之一,经济建设和社会发展都具有积极的示范效应。在经济形态转型的特殊时期,芜湖市的大型企业经营与管理战略悄然发生着变化,员工的生活方式也随之发生了变化。当人们在尽情享受经济发展带来的丰硕成果时,不良生活方式、工作压力、竞争压力等也侵蚀着人们健康。因此,倡导运用健康的生活方式—体育生活方式来丰富人们的生活和调节人们的压力,促进精神文明和物质文明协调发展具有重要的意义。
本文从体育生活方式、压力管理、健康与生命价值等理论方面进行研究,采用问卷调查法、访谈法、文献资料法和数理统计法等方法,在对芜湖市大型企业员工的体育生活方式、健康、产生压力的企业、工作、个人、家庭和社会等角度的压力源、压力管理应对措施等状况调查的基础上,分析了芜湖市大型企业员工压力管理影响的体育生活方式,围绕着压力管理提出了芜湖市大型企业员工体育生活方式的对策和建议。
研究认为芜湖市处于经济社会发展的关键时期,快速发展的大型企业在追求自身发展的同时忽视了员工健康状况。责任加大、晋升困难、业务能力要求越来越高、工作时间加长、频繁加班、经济收入低、形势变化太快、工作成就感和兴趣低等因素导致员工工作压力不断加大,大多数员工处于亚健康状态。员工的自我舒缓和调节压力的策略和方法相对单一,由于员工的闲暇时间和精力不足、体育空间和员工的体育生活习惯等因素导致芜湖市大型企业没有形成健康的体育生活氛围,体育生活方式未被广大员工普遍接受,用于体育生活的消费水平相对偏低,消费类型基本上趋向于体育用品消费。通过企业管理模式的转型,融入人性化管理理念,以人为本,注重人才质量在企业发展中的作用,减少加班的次数,恢复员工的正常休假制度,为员工的体育生活提供时间保证。提高芜湖市体育公共资源的利用率,出台相关政策,进一步开放各级学校等公共体育场所和提高公共体育资源的利用率；同时,企业要以强化企业文化战略为目标将体育文化活动作为企业发展和关注员工福利的重要内容,广泛开展各种体育活动和竞赛,修建和开辟大众化的体育运动场所,购置大众化的体育运动器械,营造良好的体育生活氛围,引导员工健康生活。
本文通过研究芜湖市大型企业员工的体育生活方式对企业员工压力管理的影响,提出健康的体育生活方式不仅是弘扬生命价值的生活方式,也是通过体育活动增强个体体育运动与健康及促进企业文化,提高企业可持续发展,对进一步繁荣地方经济与社会发展具有现实的战略意义。因此,本研究具有重要研究价值。
The 21st century is the era of Experience Economy, China has entered a stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and people begin to experience the spiritual life and annotate the value and meaning of life after material wealth, and this requires people to have a healthy lifestyle and a healthy attitude towards life and work.
Wuhu, being Yangtze River Delta's manufacturing base and one of the dual core of wanjiang city-town zone undertaking industrial shift Demonstration Area, its economic construction and social development have a positive demonstration effect. In this special period of economic form transition, the management strategy of large enterprises is changing quietly in Wuhu.Following this,staffs way of life also has changed. When people are enjoying the rich fruits brought by economic development, meanwhile, unhealthy lifestyle, work pressure and competitive pressure etc are eroding their health. Therefore, it has a great significance to advocate the use of healthy lifestyle-sports lifestyle,which is to enrich people's lives,regulate their pressure and promote the coordinated development of material and spiritual civilization.
This paper studies from sports lifestyle, stress management, health and life value theory,adopting questionnaire, interviews,literature, mathematical statistics and other methods,based on the survey of Wuhu large enterprise staffs sports lifestyle, health,enterprises of producing the pressure,work, personal,family,society and others'points of view of the pressure source, stress management measures etc, analyze the sports lifestyle of Wuhu large enterprises staff's stress management impact,and has proposed Wuhu large enterprises staff's sports lifestyle measures and suggestions around stress management.
Researches suggest that Wuhu is in its crucial period of development,but the rapid development large enterprises ignore the staff s health when pursuing their own expansion.Many factors have led to the increasing pressures on staff, such as more responsibilities,difficulties on promotion, higher requirements of business capacities,longer working hours,frequent overtime, low-income, rapid changes of the situation, the lower sense of achievements and lillte interests in the work.Thus,most of them are in the sub-health state.Staffs strategies or methods to relief and handle pressures are relatively simplistic.Due to the shortage of leisure time and energy,sports space and lifestyle or other factors,it does not create a healthy atmosphere of sports life in Wuhu large enterprises.Also sports lifestyle is not accepted, the staff sports life consumption level is lower and the type of consumption basically tends to sporting goods Through the transformation of management mode enterprise integrates into the human-oriented management philosophy and people-oriented, paying attention to the quality of human resources role in enterprise development, reducing the number of overtime to restore the normal leave system for employees to guarantee physical life time.It must improve the efficiency of public resources about sports,put forward the relevant policies and open schools and other public sports resources and place further more.At the same time, enterprises should aim for strengthening enterprise culture and regard physical education culture activities as the important content of the enterprise development and employee welfare concern, initiate extensively various kinds of sports activities and competition, build up popularized sports place and purchase popularizd sports equipment to construct a good sports life atmosphere in order to guide employees live a healthy life.
Through the study of the impact of staff sports lifestyle on their pressure management in Wuhu large enterprises,health life style should not only confirm to the value of life,but also can enhance individuals and enterprise culture, promote sports and health, improve the sustainable development of enterprise, prosper the local economic and social development of strategic significance. Therefore, this research has a great value。
芜湖作为泛长三角地区的制造业基地和皖江城市带承接产业转移示范区的双核之一,经济建设和社会发展都具有积极的示范效应。在经济形态转型的特殊时期,芜湖市的大型企业经营与管理战略悄然发生着变化,员工的生活方式也随之发生了变化。当人们在尽情享受经济发展带来的丰硕成果时,不良生活方式、工作压力、竞争压力等也侵蚀着人们健康。因此,倡导运用健康的生活方式—体育生活方式来丰富人们的生活和调节人们的压力,促进精神文明和物质文明协调发展具有重要的意义。
本文从体育生活方式、压力管理、健康与生命价值等理论方面进行研究,采用问卷调查法、访谈法、文献资料法和数理统计法等方法,在对芜湖市大型企业员工的体育生活方式、健康、产生压力的企业、工作、个人、家庭和社会等角度的压力源、压力管理应对措施等状况调查的基础上,分析了芜湖市大型企业员工压力管理影响的体育生活方式,围绕着压力管理提出了芜湖市大型企业员工体育生活方式的对策和建议。
研究认为芜湖市处于经济社会发展的关键时期,快速发展的大型企业在追求自身发展的同时忽视了员工健康状况。责任加大、晋升困难、业务能力要求越来越高、工作时间加长、频繁加班、经济收入低、形势变化太快、工作成就感和兴趣低等因素导致员工工作压力不断加大,大多数员工处于亚健康状态。员工的自我舒缓和调节压力的策略和方法相对单一,由于员工的闲暇时间和精力不足、体育空间和员工的体育生活习惯等因素导致芜湖市大型企业没有形成健康的体育生活氛围,体育生活方式未被广大员工普遍接受,用于体育生活的消费水平相对偏低,消费类型基本上趋向于体育用品消费。通过企业管理模式的转型,融入人性化管理理念,以人为本,注重人才质量在企业发展中的作用,减少加班的次数,恢复员工的正常休假制度,为员工的体育生活提供时间保证。提高芜湖市体育公共资源的利用率,出台相关政策,进一步开放各级学校等公共体育场所和提高公共体育资源的利用率；同时,企业要以强化企业文化战略为目标将体育文化活动作为企业发展和关注员工福利的重要内容,广泛开展各种体育活动和竞赛,修建和开辟大众化的体育运动场所,购置大众化的体育运动器械,营造良好的体育生活氛围,引导员工健康生活。
本文通过研究芜湖市大型企业员工的体育生活方式对企业员工压力管理的影响,提出健康的体育生活方式不仅是弘扬生命价值的生活方式,也是通过体育活动增强个体体育运动与健康及促进企业文化,提高企业可持续发展,对进一步繁荣地方经济与社会发展具有现实的战略意义。因此,本研究具有重要研究价值。
The 21st century is the era of Experience Economy, China has entered a stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and people begin to experience the spiritual life and annotate the value and meaning of life after material wealth, and this requires people to have a healthy lifestyle and a healthy attitude towards life and work.
Wuhu, being Yangtze River Delta's manufacturing base and one of the dual core of wanjiang city-town zone undertaking industrial shift Demonstration Area, its economic construction and social development have a positive demonstration effect. In this special period of economic form transition, the management strategy of large enterprises is changing quietly in Wuhu.Following this,staffs way of life also has changed. When people are enjoying the rich fruits brought by economic development, meanwhile, unhealthy lifestyle, work pressure and competitive pressure etc are eroding their health. Therefore, it has a great significance to advocate the use of healthy lifestyle-sports lifestyle,which is to enrich people's lives,regulate their pressure and promote the coordinated development of material and spiritual civilization.
This paper studies from sports lifestyle, stress management, health and life value theory,adopting questionnaire, interviews,literature, mathematical statistics and other methods,based on the survey of Wuhu large enterprise staffs sports lifestyle, health,enterprises of producing the pressure,work, personal,family,society and others'points of view of the pressure source, stress management measures etc, analyze the sports lifestyle of Wuhu large enterprises staff's stress management impact,and has proposed Wuhu large enterprises staff's sports lifestyle measures and suggestions around stress management.
Researches suggest that Wuhu is in its crucial period of development,but the rapid development large enterprises ignore the staff s health when pursuing their own expansion.Many factors have led to the increasing pressures on staff, such as more responsibilities,difficulties on promotion, higher requirements of business capacities,longer working hours,frequent overtime, low-income, rapid changes of the situation, the lower sense of achievements and lillte interests in the work.Thus,most of them are in the sub-health state.Staffs strategies or methods to relief and handle pressures are relatively simplistic.Due to the shortage of leisure time and energy,sports space and lifestyle or other factors,it does not create a healthy atmosphere of sports life in Wuhu large enterprises.Also sports lifestyle is not accepted, the staff sports life consumption level is lower and the type of consumption basically tends to sporting goods Through the transformation of management mode enterprise integrates into the human-oriented management philosophy and people-oriented, paying attention to the quality of human resources role in enterprise development, reducing the number of overtime to restore the normal leave system for employees to guarantee physical life time.It must improve the efficiency of public resources about sports,put forward the relevant policies and open schools and other public sports resources and place further more.At the same time, enterprises should aim for strengthening enterprise culture and regard physical education culture activities as the important content of the enterprise development and employee welfare concern, initiate extensively various kinds of sports activities and competition, build up popularized sports place and purchase popularizd sports equipment to construct a good sports life atmosphere in order to guide employees live a healthy life.
Through the study of the impact of staff sports lifestyle on their pressure management in Wuhu large enterprises,health life style should not only confirm to the value of life,but also can enhance individuals and enterprise culture, promote sports and health, improve the sustainable development of enterprise, prosper the local economic and social development of strategic significance. Therefore, this research has a great value。
引文
[1]卢元镇.体育社会学[M].北京,高等教育出版社,2006：305-306
[2]闻勇,李宁宁.什么是体育生活方式[J],当代教育科学,2006,12：62-63
[3]端顺保,肖倩.2008年芜湖市大企业大集团调查报告[J].芜湖市调查大队,2008：34-35
[4]方新普,文才新,顾渊彦.中国社会结构变化与体育的社会发展[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2001,2：86-88
[5]董伦红,陈爱民.深圳市大学生体育生活方式调查与研究[J].体育科技,2006,1：74-75
[6]韩军生,张宁,苗治文.小康社会居民体育生活方式多元化评价指标体系的构建[J].西安体育学院学报,2008,5(1)：8-11
[7]张玉秀.生活方式、体育生活方式的界定及其研究状况分析[J].南京体育学院学报,2005,19(3)：13-16
[8](美)杰弗瑞·戈比.你生命中的休闲[M].云南人民出版社,2000：102-103
[9]江历明.谈转型期企业员工压力管理[J].商业经济研究,2007,17：54-55
[10]丁敏.转型期企业工作压力管理探讨[J].商业经济研究,2007,1：50-51
[11]马可一,王重鸣.组织压力管理的最新研究进展[J].心理科学,2003,26(5)：864-865
[12]李秋琼.ERP在员工压力管理中的应用[J].华商,2007：16-17
[13]谢家琳(JiaLinXie).压力管理战略[J].管理@人,2006,30：30-31
[14]贺广明.中国企业压力管理现状和对策思考[J].中国人力资源开发,2005,10：49-50
[15]李秀梅.成春百事可乐饮料有限公司员工压力管理研究[D].吉林：吉林大学,2008
[16]卢元镇.全民健身与生活方式[M].北京,北京体育大学出版社,2001.39-40
[17]王圆圆,曾晓进,孟刚,等.贵阳市居民休闲体育生活方式的研究[J].山东体育科技,2007,29(4)：46-47
[18]王晓虹.生命价值教育的理论依据新探[J].社会科学论坛,2005,10：9-11
[19]芜湖市地方志办公室.芜湖市志http://dfz.wh.cn/newsdetail.asp,[EB/OL], 2009-9-9
[20]芜湖市地方志办公室.芜湖市志http://dfz.wh.cn/newsdetail.asp,[EB/OL],2009-9-9
[21]芜湖市地方志办公室.芜湖市志http://dfz.wh.cn/newsdetail.asp,[EB/OL], 2009-9-9
[22]端顺保,肖倩.2008年芜湖市大企业大集团调查报告[J].芜湖市调查大队,2008：46-47
[23]葛如江,马姝瑞.国务院近日正式批复皖江城市带承接产业转移示范区规划.新华网,[EB/OL].http://www.smxs.gov.cn,2010-1-20
[24]国家经济委员会.大中小型工业企业划分标准.中国并购交易网,[EB/OL
http://www.mergers-china.com/guanlizheshougou,2001-8-22
[25]陈国海,刘春燕.企业心理教练.暨南大学出版社[M],2005：32-34
[26]阳建宏.都市家教.南昌：江西日报社[J],2009：72-73
[27]卢元镇.社会体育导论.北京：高等教育出版社[M],2004：35-36
[28]卢元镇.社会体育导论.北京：高等教育出版社[M],2004：34-35
[29]Tim Ang,姜旭平.压力管理课堂.上海：上海交通大学出版社[M],2007：6-7
[30]靳娟.工作压力管理.北京：人民邮电出版社[M],2007：171-172
[31]Tim Ang,姜旭平.压力管理课堂.上海：上海交通大学出版社[M],2007：20-21
[2]闻勇,李宁宁.什么是体育生活方式[J],当代教育科学,2006,12：62-63
[3]端顺保,肖倩.2008年芜湖市大企业大集团调查报告[J].芜湖市调查大队,2008：34-35
[4]方新普,文才新,顾渊彦.中国社会结构变化与体育的社会发展[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2001,2：86-88
[5]董伦红,陈爱民.深圳市大学生体育生活方式调查与研究[J].体育科技,2006,1：74-75
[6]韩军生,张宁,苗治文.小康社会居民体育生活方式多元化评价指标体系的构建[J].西安体育学院学报,2008,5(1)：8-11
[7]张玉秀.生活方式、体育生活方式的界定及其研究状况分析[J].南京体育学院学报,2005,19(3)：13-16
[8](美)杰弗瑞·戈比.你生命中的休闲[M].云南人民出版社,2000：102-103
[9]江历明.谈转型期企业员工压力管理[J].商业经济研究,2007,17：54-55
[10]丁敏.转型期企业工作压力管理探讨[J].商业经济研究,2007,1：50-51
[11]马可一,王重鸣.组织压力管理的最新研究进展[J].心理科学,2003,26(5)：864-865
[12]李秋琼.ERP在员工压力管理中的应用[J].华商,2007：16-17
[13]谢家琳(JiaLinXie).压力管理战略[J].管理@人,2006,30：30-31
[14]贺广明.中国企业压力管理现状和对策思考[J].中国人力资源开发,2005,10：49-50
[15]李秀梅.成春百事可乐饮料有限公司员工压力管理研究[D].吉林：吉林大学,2008
[16]卢元镇.全民健身与生活方式[M].北京,北京体育大学出版社,2001.39-40
[17]王圆圆,曾晓进,孟刚,等.贵阳市居民休闲体育生活方式的研究[J].山东体育科技,2007,29(4)：46-47
[18]王晓虹.生命价值教育的理论依据新探[J].社会科学论坛,2005,10：9-11
[19]芜湖市地方志办公室.芜湖市志http://dfz.wh.cn/newsdetail.asp,[EB/OL], 2009-9-9
[20]芜湖市地方志办公室.芜湖市志http://dfz.wh.cn/newsdetail.asp,[EB/OL],2009-9-9
[21]芜湖市地方志办公室.芜湖市志http://dfz.wh.cn/newsdetail.asp,[EB/OL], 2009-9-9
[22]端顺保,肖倩.2008年芜湖市大企业大集团调查报告[J].芜湖市调查大队,2008：46-47
[23]葛如江,马姝瑞.国务院近日正式批复皖江城市带承接产业转移示范区规划.新华网,[EB/OL].http://www.smxs.gov.cn,2010-1-20
[24]国家经济委员会.大中小型工业企业划分标准.中国并购交易网,[EB/OL
http://www.mergers-china.com/guanlizheshougou,2001-8-22
[25]陈国海,刘春燕.企业心理教练.暨南大学出版社[M],2005：32-34
[26]阳建宏.都市家教.南昌：江西日报社[J],2009：72-73
[27]卢元镇.社会体育导论.北京：高等教育出版社[M],2004：35-36
[28]卢元镇.社会体育导论.北京：高等教育出版社[M],2004：34-35
[29]Tim Ang,姜旭平.压力管理课堂.上海：上海交通大学出版社[M],2007：6-7
[30]靳娟.工作压力管理.北京：人民邮电出版社[M],2007：171-172
[31]Tim Ang,姜旭平.压力管理课堂.上海：上海交通大学出版社[M],2007：20-21