基于PXI总线的数字应变仪的关键技术研究
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摘要
在以嵌入式计算机作为测控系统核心的今天,实现小型化、便携化、多功能、数字化的测试仪器是发展的趋势。在此背景下,本文着手研制了基于PXI总线协议的数字化电阻应变仪,在力、压力、加速度等非电量的测试领域中,它将有着更加广泛的应用前景。
本文首先对于实现数字化应变仪进行了讨论,包括:电阻应变仪测量电桥、电桥自动调零及电桥标定电路的设计;程控激励源的设计;电阻应变仪系统信号调理电路的设计,与嵌入式计算机的通信等。而后研究了基于PXI的测试仪器,特别是其关键的零槽控制器,从而实现了应变仪的仪器化和数字化。这部分工作包括:在参阅了大量技术参考文献的基础上,对PXI总线嵌入式控制器的基本原理和实现方法作了深入细致的研究,确定了总体方案。详细阐述了在PXI仪器硬件设计中,PC104嵌入式计算机与CompactPCI总线的总线接口电路设计(即PCI-PCI的桥接技术)、重点分析了PCI的各种信号和非PCI信号的路由和处理方式,在PXI总线自动测试系统的模块资源和控制者资源之间建立了可靠的通信通道。
Nowadays the microcomputer unit (MCU) plays an important core in Test & Control systems; it is the trend to design testing instruments in a more diminutive, portable, mutil-function, digital way. In this background, we discussed the design of digital dynamic strain gauge based on PXI, which would have a flourishing applying prospect in many non -electrical testing arrears.
In the first part this thesis discussed how to utilize the digital dynamic strain gauge, including: auto-zero and calibration of electrical Bridge, programmable bridge power source, gain-programmed amplifier, low-pass filter of programmable cutting-off frequency, data acquisition and the communication Interface between digital dynamic strain gauge module and the host computer. In the next, discussed the instruments based on PXI specifications, especially the design of he zero-slot controller, according those words, it makes the strain gauge become an digital and intelligent instrument. Those works including: On the basis of referring to plenty of technological references, the PCI system architecture, the theory of testing controller technology, the whole scheme is discussed in this dissertation after analyzing the principle of the testing controller and the design plan. In the next, this thesis expatiates on the design of CPCI interface (PCI-to-PCI bridge) and interface compatibility of PC104 embedded computer module,analysised the routing and the processing of the PCI signals ,and the non-PCI singals. Utilized the realizable communication and controlling channels between the auto-testing module and the controller module.
本文首先对于实现数字化应变仪进行了讨论,包括:电阻应变仪测量电桥、电桥自动调零及电桥标定电路的设计;程控激励源的设计;电阻应变仪系统信号调理电路的设计,与嵌入式计算机的通信等。而后研究了基于PXI的测试仪器,特别是其关键的零槽控制器,从而实现了应变仪的仪器化和数字化。这部分工作包括:在参阅了大量技术参考文献的基础上,对PXI总线嵌入式控制器的基本原理和实现方法作了深入细致的研究,确定了总体方案。详细阐述了在PXI仪器硬件设计中,PC104嵌入式计算机与CompactPCI总线的总线接口电路设计(即PCI-PCI的桥接技术)、重点分析了PCI的各种信号和非PCI信号的路由和处理方式,在PXI总线自动测试系统的模块资源和控制者资源之间建立了可靠的通信通道。
Nowadays the microcomputer unit (MCU) plays an important core in Test & Control systems; it is the trend to design testing instruments in a more diminutive, portable, mutil-function, digital way. In this background, we discussed the design of digital dynamic strain gauge based on PXI, which would have a flourishing applying prospect in many non -electrical testing arrears.
In the first part this thesis discussed how to utilize the digital dynamic strain gauge, including: auto-zero and calibration of electrical Bridge, programmable bridge power source, gain-programmed amplifier, low-pass filter of programmable cutting-off frequency, data acquisition and the communication Interface between digital dynamic strain gauge module and the host computer. In the next, discussed the instruments based on PXI specifications, especially the design of he zero-slot controller, according those words, it makes the strain gauge become an digital and intelligent instrument. Those works including: On the basis of referring to plenty of technological references, the PCI system architecture, the theory of testing controller technology, the whole scheme is discussed in this dissertation after analyzing the principle of the testing controller and the design plan. In the next, this thesis expatiates on the design of CPCI interface (PCI-to-PCI bridge) and interface compatibility of PC104 embedded computer module,analysised the routing and the processing of the PCI signals ,and the non-PCI singals. Utilized the realizable communication and controlling channels between the auto-testing module and the controller module.
引文
[1]郑秀缓 谢大吉.应力应变电测技术.北京:国防工业出版社,1985
[2]马良埋.应变电测与传感技术.北京:中国计量出版社,1993.
[3]沈观林 马良埋.电阻应变仪及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1983
[4]侯国章.测试与传感技术.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998.
[5]王尔德.嵌入式计算机原理.北京:人民邮电出版社,1998
[6]孙传友.测控系统原理与设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[7]刘肇斌,陈护勋.PXI总线及其应用综述.北京:计算机与数字工程,2002
[8]张毅刚 彭喜元 姜守达等.自动测试系统.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2001
[9]张效军,毛俊华,吴瑛.VXI和PXI的取舍.北京:测控技术.2000
[10]PXISA.PXI Hardware Specification 2.2.PXISA,1998
[11]陈一新.数字电位器DS1861及其在电桥自动平衡中的应用.苏州:国外电子元器件,2006
[12]Dallas Instrument.DS1868 Manual.Dallas Instrument,Dallas:2004
[13]夏宇闻.VerilogHDL硬件描述语言.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
[14]张国雄.测控电路.北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[15]徐爱军.智能化测量控制仪表原理与设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1995.
[16]龙思宇.林建辉.用于应变测试的新型精密恒压.成都:中国测试技术2007
[17]张如洲.微型计算机数据采集与处理.北京:工业学院出版社,1987
[18]李康华.数字电子电路.北京:兰州大学出版社,1992
[19]张锦荣 测控系统设计.成都:电子科技大学出版社,2003:
[20]李康华.模拟电子电路.兰州:兰州大学出版社,1992
[21]蒋洪明 周立 高精度数据采集系统中模拟滤波器的重要性.成都:电子测量与仪器学报,1994.
[22]刘金铭.计算机接口技术.北京:航空航天大学出版社,2000
[23]李行善.左毅.孙杰.自动测试系统集成技术.成都:电子工业出版社,2004
[24]Anolog Device Coporation.AD7856 Manual.California:Anolog Device Coporation,2006
[25]Altera Coporation.Cyclone FPGA Device Manual.California:Altera Coporation,2002
[26]周元龙.Altera新型FPGA器件的配置方式.重庆:兵器工业报,2003
[27]Altera Coporation.QurtuasⅡ User Handbook.California:Altera Coporation,2002:
[28]陈庆之.当代测试技术浅析.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[29]PXISA.PXI Specification 2.0.USA:PXISA,1997:
[30]潘美.CPCI规范2.0.北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[31]PIMGA.PCI-to-PCI Bridge Architecture Specification.PIMGA,1998
[32]Advantech Coporation.PC104 Handbook.TaiWan:Advantech Coporatino,2003
[2]马良埋.应变电测与传感技术.北京:中国计量出版社,1993.
[3]沈观林 马良埋.电阻应变仪及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1983
[4]侯国章.测试与传感技术.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998.
[5]王尔德.嵌入式计算机原理.北京:人民邮电出版社,1998
[6]孙传友.测控系统原理与设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[7]刘肇斌,陈护勋.PXI总线及其应用综述.北京:计算机与数字工程,2002
[8]张毅刚 彭喜元 姜守达等.自动测试系统.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2001
[9]张效军,毛俊华,吴瑛.VXI和PXI的取舍.北京:测控技术.2000
[10]PXISA.PXI Hardware Specification 2.2.PXISA,1998
[11]陈一新.数字电位器DS1861及其在电桥自动平衡中的应用.苏州:国外电子元器件,2006
[12]Dallas Instrument.DS1868 Manual.Dallas Instrument,Dallas:2004
[13]夏宇闻.VerilogHDL硬件描述语言.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
[14]张国雄.测控电路.北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[15]徐爱军.智能化测量控制仪表原理与设计.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1995.
[16]龙思宇.林建辉.用于应变测试的新型精密恒压.成都:中国测试技术2007
[17]张如洲.微型计算机数据采集与处理.北京:工业学院出版社,1987
[18]李康华.数字电子电路.北京:兰州大学出版社,1992
[19]张锦荣 测控系统设计.成都:电子科技大学出版社,2003:
[20]李康华.模拟电子电路.兰州:兰州大学出版社,1992
[21]蒋洪明 周立 高精度数据采集系统中模拟滤波器的重要性.成都:电子测量与仪器学报,1994.
[22]刘金铭.计算机接口技术.北京:航空航天大学出版社,2000
[23]李行善.左毅.孙杰.自动测试系统集成技术.成都:电子工业出版社,2004
[24]Anolog Device Coporation.AD7856 Manual.California:Anolog Device Coporation,2006
[25]Altera Coporation.Cyclone FPGA Device Manual.California:Altera Coporation,2002
[26]周元龙.Altera新型FPGA器件的配置方式.重庆:兵器工业报,2003
[27]Altera Coporation.QurtuasⅡ User Handbook.California:Altera Coporation,2002:
[28]陈庆之.当代测试技术浅析.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[29]PXISA.PXI Specification 2.0.USA:PXISA,1997:
[30]潘美.CPCI规范2.0.北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[31]PIMGA.PCI-to-PCI Bridge Architecture Specification.PIMGA,1998
[32]Advantech Coporation.PC104 Handbook.TaiWan:Advantech Coporatino,2003