竹炭涤纶纤维织物的性能研究与开发
|
摘要
竹炭涤纶纤维作为一种新兴的纺织原料,由于其优异的绿色环保性能和特殊的功能性,开发出的面料越来越受到人们的关注,系统地研究竹炭涤纶纤维及其产品的性能、开发竹炭涤纶纤维产品具有十分重要的意义。
本文利用数字图像处理原理结合MATLAB图像处理工具箱测定了竹炭涤纶纤维的孔隙率,表明了竹炭涤纶纤维内部存在丰富的孔隙,具有良好的吸湿放湿和吸附性能。通过对竹炭涤纶纤维纱线、竹炭涤纶/棉混纺纱及纯棉纱线力学性能的测试分析,研究得出竹炭涤纶纱线具有较好的拉伸性能且初始模量较棉纱小,即竹炭涤纶纤维较为柔软的特性。通过合理设计试验方案,选择原料纤度和密度等规格,在ASL2000全自动气动剑杆试样织机上研制了8只试样,并研究试样的功能性与服用性能。研究结果表明竹炭涤纶纤维织物具有优良的吸附性、悬垂性、刚柔性及一定的抑菌性能,但透气性能略差。综合织物主要性能研究的结论,产品开发时织物中竹炭涤纶纤维含量在30%～35%左右为宜。
在上述研究的基础上,从原料选择、织物组织、退浆工艺、染整工艺等多方面着手,设计试制了家纺用抗菌面料,其透气性、悬垂性能等均有明显的改善,达到了设计目的。
Bamboo-charcoal modified polyester, a brand-new fabric material, is becoming more and more popular with the consumers because of its environment friendly and special functional properties. So a systematic study of bamboo-charcoal polyester, its products performance and the development of bamboo-charcoal polyester fiber products will be of great significance.
In this paper, digital image processing principle combined with MATLAB image processing toolbox are used to determine charcoal polyester’s porosity. The result proves that rich pore exist in it and it has good properties of moisture absorbing and releasing. This paper drawn some conclusions about mechanical properties by testing some bamboo-charcoal modified yarns, bamboo-charcoal polyester/cotton blended yarns and some pure cotton yarns. The conclusions show that bamboo-charcoal modified polyester yarns have excellent tensile property and low first module. It means that bamboo-charcoal modified polyester has high flexibility. We design experiment scheme and product process rationally and make eight kinds of fabrics with the ASL2000 automatically rapier loom. The fabrics are made of different fiber fineness and different weft density. Through testing these fabrics, we come to the conclusions that bamboo-charcoal modified polyester fabrics have good absorbability and drapability. However, the gas permeability of the bamboo-charcoal modified polyester fabrics is inferior to that of the cotton ones. In the view of product development, suitable bamboo-charcoal modified polyester content is 30%～35% in the fabric.
On the basis of the above research and analysis, we choose better techniques in areas of raw materials, fabrics structure, dyeing and finishing processes to make new antibacterial products. By this way, the fabrics’permeability and drapability improve apparently and it achieves to designed purpose.
本文利用数字图像处理原理结合MATLAB图像处理工具箱测定了竹炭涤纶纤维的孔隙率,表明了竹炭涤纶纤维内部存在丰富的孔隙,具有良好的吸湿放湿和吸附性能。通过对竹炭涤纶纤维纱线、竹炭涤纶/棉混纺纱及纯棉纱线力学性能的测试分析,研究得出竹炭涤纶纱线具有较好的拉伸性能且初始模量较棉纱小,即竹炭涤纶纤维较为柔软的特性。通过合理设计试验方案,选择原料纤度和密度等规格,在ASL2000全自动气动剑杆试样织机上研制了8只试样,并研究试样的功能性与服用性能。研究结果表明竹炭涤纶纤维织物具有优良的吸附性、悬垂性、刚柔性及一定的抑菌性能,但透气性能略差。综合织物主要性能研究的结论,产品开发时织物中竹炭涤纶纤维含量在30%～35%左右为宜。
在上述研究的基础上,从原料选择、织物组织、退浆工艺、染整工艺等多方面着手,设计试制了家纺用抗菌面料,其透气性、悬垂性能等均有明显的改善,达到了设计目的。
Bamboo-charcoal modified polyester, a brand-new fabric material, is becoming more and more popular with the consumers because of its environment friendly and special functional properties. So a systematic study of bamboo-charcoal polyester, its products performance and the development of bamboo-charcoal polyester fiber products will be of great significance.
In this paper, digital image processing principle combined with MATLAB image processing toolbox are used to determine charcoal polyester’s porosity. The result proves that rich pore exist in it and it has good properties of moisture absorbing and releasing. This paper drawn some conclusions about mechanical properties by testing some bamboo-charcoal modified yarns, bamboo-charcoal polyester/cotton blended yarns and some pure cotton yarns. The conclusions show that bamboo-charcoal modified polyester yarns have excellent tensile property and low first module. It means that bamboo-charcoal modified polyester has high flexibility. We design experiment scheme and product process rationally and make eight kinds of fabrics with the ASL2000 automatically rapier loom. The fabrics are made of different fiber fineness and different weft density. Through testing these fabrics, we come to the conclusions that bamboo-charcoal modified polyester fabrics have good absorbability and drapability. However, the gas permeability of the bamboo-charcoal modified polyester fabrics is inferior to that of the cotton ones. In the view of product development, suitable bamboo-charcoal modified polyester content is 30%～35% in the fabric.
On the basis of the above research and analysis, we choose better techniques in areas of raw materials, fabrics structure, dyeing and finishing processes to make new antibacterial products. By this way, the fabrics’permeability and drapability improve apparently and it achieves to designed purpose.
引文
[1]陈绍芳,孟家光.竹炭纤维性质及其应用[J].纺织科技进展,2007,(5):26-27.
[2] F.Nogata,H.Takahashi.Intelligent functionary graded material:Bamboo[J].Compos Engng 1995,(5):4-8.
[3]巩继贤,李辉芹.竹纤维—一种纺织新材料[J].纺织导报,2003,(3),59-62.
[4]唐昕.符合生态纺织要求的竹纤维及其产品[J].国际纺织导报,2003,(2),21-23.
[5]王琳,李晓蓉.竹炭及其纺织品的开发与应用[J].纺织导报.2006,(2):36-37.
[6]林力.台湾大力开发竹炭纤维[N].中国绿色时报,2005-9-29(7).
[7]吴叶青.竹资源的深加工产品-竹纤维与竹炭制品[J].浙江林业科技,2002,7(4):77-79.
[8] WangQ,Zhang L et al.Bamboo charcoal cellulose,yarn and its production method CN1733985-A[P].2006-569747(59).
[9]王先锋,潘福奎,罗佳丽等.竹炭纤维的性能与应用[J].山东纺织科技,2006,(6):54.
[10] Singular effect of carbon fiber on the oxidation of dissolved Mn(II) ions by a fungus genetically related to phoma spKonno,Hidetaka(Faculty of Engineering,Kyushu University);Sasaki,Keiko;Ogawa,Yuuki;Tachibana,HidekiSource:MaterialsTransactions,v.48,n1,January,2007,p64-67.
[11] Effect of carbonaceous materials on the oxidation of phenol in supercritical water:A preliminary study Nunoura,Teppei(Dept. of Mech. System Engineering,Hiroshima University);Lee,Geunhee;Matsumura,Yukihiko;Yamamoto,Kazuo Source:Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,v.42,n16,Aug 6,2003,p3718-3720.
[12] Study on the far infrared ray emission property and adsorption performance of bamboo charcoal/polyvinyl alcohol fiber.Lin,Chin-An;An,Ta-Chung;Hsu,Yi-Hsiung Source Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering,v.46,n11,2007,p1073-1078.
[13]李旭明.竹炭纤维的开发与应用[J].针织工业,2007,(10):22.
[14] Jun Mu,Tohru Uehara.Takeshi Furuno.Effect of bamboo vinegar on regulation of germination and radical growth of seed plants[J].J Wood Science,2003,(49):262-270.
[15]瞿彩莲,杨锁廷.竹资源在纺织领域中的应用[J].中国纤检,2006,(1):39.
[16]陈军.绿色壁垒纺织品贸易的机遇和挑战[J].印染,2001,(7):10.
[17]王其,赫淑彩,马李军.竹炭改性涤纶纤维特性研究[J].上海纺织科技,2007,(2):55-56.
[18] Wang Qi,He shucai,Ma lijun.Healthy Functions of Bamboo-carbon Modified Polyesters,Melliand,International 2006,(3):177-178.
[19]江宏飞,周伟.我国竹纤维产业发展的优势、劣势及对策[J].天津纺织科技,2007,(4):2-5.
[20]卜海.后配额时代与我国纺织品贸易的发展战略[J].国际贸易问题,2004,(9):5-7.
[21]张文标,叶良明.竹炭生产和应用[J].竹子研究汇刊,2001,(4):49-51.
[22]竹炭.http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/68000977.html?si=2.
[23]张文标,王伟龙,邵千钧等.竹炭生产工艺的现状与建议[J].竹子研究汇刊,2003,1(22):8-12.
[24]黄彪,高尚愚.竹炭、竹醋液生产技术与应用研究综述[J].福建林学院,2003,23(1):93-94.
[25]王其,赫淑彩,马李军.竹炭改性涤纶和针织物保健功能研究,第六届功能纺织品和纳米技术研讨会论文集[C].2006.
[26]华坚,彭旭东.桑皮的结构和性能研究[J].丝绸,2003,(10):21-23.
[27]陶丽珍.竹原纤维、纱线的性能研究及优化,[硕士学位论文]:苏州大学,2004.
[28]朱宜.扫描电镜图的形成处理和显微分析[M].北京大学出版社.
[29]刘广平,张雪晶,李瑞洲.竹炭纤维纺纱实践[J].棉纺织技术,2006,(4),34-36.
[30]张之亮.桑皮纤维脱胶工艺和结构性能研究,[硕士学位论文]:东华大学,2005:18,32,38-39.
[31]姚穆.纺织材料学,北京:纺织工业出版社(第二版)[M]:78,324.
[32]于伟东,储才元.纺织物理[M].东华大学出版社,2002.
[33]李文锋.图形图像处理与应用[M].中国标准出版社,2006.
[34]孙兆林.MATLAB 6.x图像处理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[35]高成主,赖志国,陈继云.Matlab图像处理与应用[M].北京国防工业出版社,2007.
[36] R.M. Haralick,L.G. Shapiro.Image segmentation techniques[J].Comput Vision Graphics Image Process 1985,29:100-103.
[37]韩博,徐枫译.数字图像处理基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[38]飞思科技产品研发中心.MATLAB6.5辅助图像处理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1993.
[39] Nobuyuki Otsu.A threshold Selection Method from Gray-level Histograms[J].IEEE Transactions on systems,Man and Cybernetics,1979,9(1).
[40]陈敏.一种自动识别最优阈值的图像分割方法[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,(04):328-331.
[41]陈敏.一种自适应阈值选择方法[J].成都信息工程学院学报,2005,20(3):328-331.
[42]李栋高,蒋蕙钧.丝绸材料学[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2003.
[43]王琳,曹秋玲.Tencel纱线强伸性能探讨[J].纺织科技进展,2006,(1):56-57.
[44]朱明娟.热处理对Tencel纱线强伸性能的影响[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2003,29(6):90-94.
[45] Alfredo C.Peterlevitz,Helder J.Ceragioli and Steven F.Durrant Growth of glassy carbon on natural fibers[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2002,7.
[46]朱红,邬福霖,韩丽云等.纺织材料学(第一版)[M].北京:纺织工业出版社,1990,380-382.
[47]朱亚伟,任学宏,胡韵.纺织品抗菌后整理加工现状[J].印染助剂,2005,(1):10-13.
[48]吴建华.抗菌纤维及其织物的加工技术[J].合成纤维,2006,(9):22-25.
[49]中华人民共和国卫生部.消毒技术规范[Z].2002-11-15.
[50] Friz.A new way to measure fabric handle[J].Textile Asia,1992,Vol.23,No.7.
[51]赵书经.纺织材料实验教程[M].中国纺织出版社,1996.
[52]郭永平,李汝勤,施德良.图像分析织物动静态悬垂仪的研制[J].2000,(2):35-37.
[53]王玲玲,周纪芗.常用统计方法[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,1994.
[54]蒋耀兴.纺织工程专业试验教程[M].苏州大学出版社,2000.
[55]朱世林.纤维素纤维制品的染整[M].中国纺织出版社,2002.
[2] F.Nogata,H.Takahashi.Intelligent functionary graded material:Bamboo[J].Compos Engng 1995,(5):4-8.
[3]巩继贤,李辉芹.竹纤维—一种纺织新材料[J].纺织导报,2003,(3),59-62.
[4]唐昕.符合生态纺织要求的竹纤维及其产品[J].国际纺织导报,2003,(2),21-23.
[5]王琳,李晓蓉.竹炭及其纺织品的开发与应用[J].纺织导报.2006,(2):36-37.
[6]林力.台湾大力开发竹炭纤维[N].中国绿色时报,2005-9-29(7).
[7]吴叶青.竹资源的深加工产品-竹纤维与竹炭制品[J].浙江林业科技,2002,7(4):77-79.
[8] WangQ,Zhang L et al.Bamboo charcoal cellulose,yarn and its production method CN1733985-A[P].2006-569747(59).
[9]王先锋,潘福奎,罗佳丽等.竹炭纤维的性能与应用[J].山东纺织科技,2006,(6):54.
[10] Singular effect of carbon fiber on the oxidation of dissolved Mn(II) ions by a fungus genetically related to phoma spKonno,Hidetaka(Faculty of Engineering,Kyushu University);Sasaki,Keiko;Ogawa,Yuuki;Tachibana,HidekiSource:MaterialsTransactions,v.48,n1,January,2007,p64-67.
[11] Effect of carbonaceous materials on the oxidation of phenol in supercritical water:A preliminary study Nunoura,Teppei(Dept. of Mech. System Engineering,Hiroshima University);Lee,Geunhee;Matsumura,Yukihiko;Yamamoto,Kazuo Source:Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,v.42,n16,Aug 6,2003,p3718-3720.
[12] Study on the far infrared ray emission property and adsorption performance of bamboo charcoal/polyvinyl alcohol fiber.Lin,Chin-An;An,Ta-Chung;Hsu,Yi-Hsiung Source Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering,v.46,n11,2007,p1073-1078.
[13]李旭明.竹炭纤维的开发与应用[J].针织工业,2007,(10):22.
[14] Jun Mu,Tohru Uehara.Takeshi Furuno.Effect of bamboo vinegar on regulation of germination and radical growth of seed plants[J].J Wood Science,2003,(49):262-270.
[15]瞿彩莲,杨锁廷.竹资源在纺织领域中的应用[J].中国纤检,2006,(1):39.
[16]陈军.绿色壁垒纺织品贸易的机遇和挑战[J].印染,2001,(7):10.
[17]王其,赫淑彩,马李军.竹炭改性涤纶纤维特性研究[J].上海纺织科技,2007,(2):55-56.
[18] Wang Qi,He shucai,Ma lijun.Healthy Functions of Bamboo-carbon Modified Polyesters,Melliand,International 2006,(3):177-178.
[19]江宏飞,周伟.我国竹纤维产业发展的优势、劣势及对策[J].天津纺织科技,2007,(4):2-5.
[20]卜海.后配额时代与我国纺织品贸易的发展战略[J].国际贸易问题,2004,(9):5-7.
[21]张文标,叶良明.竹炭生产和应用[J].竹子研究汇刊,2001,(4):49-51.
[22]竹炭.http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/68000977.html?si=2.
[23]张文标,王伟龙,邵千钧等.竹炭生产工艺的现状与建议[J].竹子研究汇刊,2003,1(22):8-12.
[24]黄彪,高尚愚.竹炭、竹醋液生产技术与应用研究综述[J].福建林学院,2003,23(1):93-94.
[25]王其,赫淑彩,马李军.竹炭改性涤纶和针织物保健功能研究,第六届功能纺织品和纳米技术研讨会论文集[C].2006.
[26]华坚,彭旭东.桑皮的结构和性能研究[J].丝绸,2003,(10):21-23.
[27]陶丽珍.竹原纤维、纱线的性能研究及优化,[硕士学位论文]:苏州大学,2004.
[28]朱宜.扫描电镜图的形成处理和显微分析[M].北京大学出版社.
[29]刘广平,张雪晶,李瑞洲.竹炭纤维纺纱实践[J].棉纺织技术,2006,(4),34-36.
[30]张之亮.桑皮纤维脱胶工艺和结构性能研究,[硕士学位论文]:东华大学,2005:18,32,38-39.
[31]姚穆.纺织材料学,北京:纺织工业出版社(第二版)[M]:78,324.
[32]于伟东,储才元.纺织物理[M].东华大学出版社,2002.
[33]李文锋.图形图像处理与应用[M].中国标准出版社,2006.
[34]孙兆林.MATLAB 6.x图像处理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[35]高成主,赖志国,陈继云.Matlab图像处理与应用[M].北京国防工业出版社,2007.
[36] R.M. Haralick,L.G. Shapiro.Image segmentation techniques[J].Comput Vision Graphics Image Process 1985,29:100-103.
[37]韩博,徐枫译.数字图像处理基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[38]飞思科技产品研发中心.MATLAB6.5辅助图像处理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1993.
[39] Nobuyuki Otsu.A threshold Selection Method from Gray-level Histograms[J].IEEE Transactions on systems,Man and Cybernetics,1979,9(1).
[40]陈敏.一种自动识别最优阈值的图像分割方法[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,(04):328-331.
[41]陈敏.一种自适应阈值选择方法[J].成都信息工程学院学报,2005,20(3):328-331.
[42]李栋高,蒋蕙钧.丝绸材料学[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2003.
[43]王琳,曹秋玲.Tencel纱线强伸性能探讨[J].纺织科技进展,2006,(1):56-57.
[44]朱明娟.热处理对Tencel纱线强伸性能的影响[J].东华大学学报(自然科学版),2003,29(6):90-94.
[45] Alfredo C.Peterlevitz,Helder J.Ceragioli and Steven F.Durrant Growth of glassy carbon on natural fibers[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2002,7.
[46]朱红,邬福霖,韩丽云等.纺织材料学(第一版)[M].北京:纺织工业出版社,1990,380-382.
[47]朱亚伟,任学宏,胡韵.纺织品抗菌后整理加工现状[J].印染助剂,2005,(1):10-13.
[48]吴建华.抗菌纤维及其织物的加工技术[J].合成纤维,2006,(9):22-25.
[49]中华人民共和国卫生部.消毒技术规范[Z].2002-11-15.
[50] Friz.A new way to measure fabric handle[J].Textile Asia,1992,Vol.23,No.7.
[51]赵书经.纺织材料实验教程[M].中国纺织出版社,1996.
[52]郭永平,李汝勤,施德良.图像分析织物动静态悬垂仪的研制[J].2000,(2):35-37.
[53]王玲玲,周纪芗.常用统计方法[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,1994.
[54]蒋耀兴.纺织工程专业试验教程[M].苏州大学出版社,2000.
[55]朱世林.纤维素纤维制品的染整[M].中国纺织出版社,2002.