芳砜纶纤维染色性能研究
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摘要
芳砜纶是一种耐高温和阻燃的高性能合成纤维,已被用于防护制品、过滤材料、电绝缘材料、蜂窝结构材料以及阻燃产业用纺织品和家用纺织品。但是,芳砜纶纤维大分子有较高的结晶度、取向度和化学结构稳定,玻璃化温度高,并具有较强的疏水性,这些导致了染料难于进入纤维内部,染色困难。解决好芳砜纶的染色问题,将能更好满足芳砜纶纤维发展的商业颜色需求,并可拓宽其应用领域。
本文以芳砜纶纤维为研究对象,主要探讨了阳离子染料载体法染色以及分散染料载体法染色,研究了载体种类、用量,无机盐种类、用量以及染色保温温度和时间对芳砜纶染色性能的影响。研究结果表明:
在无载体的情况下,用阳离子染料和分散染料染色,芳砜纶颜色很淡;而采用阳离子染料和分散染料载体法染色,可将芳砜纶染至中色。
阳离子染料载体法染色的总体效果明显好于分散染料载体法染色,分散染料载体法染色的耐洗和耐摩擦牢度均不够理想。
阳离子染料苯乙酮载体法染色,染色效果佳,耐摩擦色牢度好,耐洗色牢度稍差,强力基本不变,但存在环保问题。用Levegal C45载体染色,总体效果最好。
芳砜纶阳离子染料载体法染色的最佳工艺条件为:Levegal C45用量40 ml/L、氯化钠10g/L、染色温度130℃、时间30min。
Polysulfonamide(PSA) is a new kind of high tempature resistance fiber . PSA has been applied in protective products, filtering materials, insulation products, flame retardant textile material and household textile material. However, PSA has high crystallinity, orientation, glass transition temperature, stable chem. Structure as well. In addition of fibre’s hydrophobic groups, dyes enter into the inner of fiber difficultly. If the question to the dyeing of PSA was resolved, it would satisfy the commercial demands of PSA’color and broaden its application field.
In this paper, PSA was studied and dyed with cationic dyes and disperse dyes at the presence of carrier. The effects of different carriers and its quantity, kinds of inorganic salt and concentration, the dyeing time and tempature on dyeing proformance were discussed. By experiment, we obtained the conclusions as follows.
The color of the polysulfonamide fiber was pastel shades under dyeing in the circumstance of no carrier. However, using the dieperse dyes and cationic dyes in the existence of carrier could make it moderate color.
The experiment result showed dyeing with cationic carrier was better than disper carrier. The washing and rubbing fastness of fiber with disper carrier dyeing was unideal. Dyed with cationic dyes, the carrier hypnone was better and had good rubbing fastness, poor washing fastness, the strength was unchanged. But hypnone was unfriendly to the environment. So the carrier Levegal C45 was best in general.
We attained the best dyeing parameters with cationic dyes in the existence of carrier. Those were: the concentration of Levegal C45 was 40ml/L, Nacl 10g/L, the temperature of dyeing was 130℃and the time is 30 minutes.
本文以芳砜纶纤维为研究对象,主要探讨了阳离子染料载体法染色以及分散染料载体法染色,研究了载体种类、用量,无机盐种类、用量以及染色保温温度和时间对芳砜纶染色性能的影响。研究结果表明:
在无载体的情况下,用阳离子染料和分散染料染色,芳砜纶颜色很淡;而采用阳离子染料和分散染料载体法染色,可将芳砜纶染至中色。
阳离子染料载体法染色的总体效果明显好于分散染料载体法染色,分散染料载体法染色的耐洗和耐摩擦牢度均不够理想。
阳离子染料苯乙酮载体法染色,染色效果佳,耐摩擦色牢度好,耐洗色牢度稍差,强力基本不变,但存在环保问题。用Levegal C45载体染色,总体效果最好。
芳砜纶阳离子染料载体法染色的最佳工艺条件为:Levegal C45用量40 ml/L、氯化钠10g/L、染色温度130℃、时间30min。
Polysulfonamide(PSA) is a new kind of high tempature resistance fiber . PSA has been applied in protective products, filtering materials, insulation products, flame retardant textile material and household textile material. However, PSA has high crystallinity, orientation, glass transition temperature, stable chem. Structure as well. In addition of fibre’s hydrophobic groups, dyes enter into the inner of fiber difficultly. If the question to the dyeing of PSA was resolved, it would satisfy the commercial demands of PSA’color and broaden its application field.
In this paper, PSA was studied and dyed with cationic dyes and disperse dyes at the presence of carrier. The effects of different carriers and its quantity, kinds of inorganic salt and concentration, the dyeing time and tempature on dyeing proformance were discussed. By experiment, we obtained the conclusions as follows.
The color of the polysulfonamide fiber was pastel shades under dyeing in the circumstance of no carrier. However, using the dieperse dyes and cationic dyes in the existence of carrier could make it moderate color.
The experiment result showed dyeing with cationic carrier was better than disper carrier. The washing and rubbing fastness of fiber with disper carrier dyeing was unideal. Dyed with cationic dyes, the carrier hypnone was better and had good rubbing fastness, poor washing fastness, the strength was unchanged. But hypnone was unfriendly to the environment. So the carrier Levegal C45 was best in general.
We attained the best dyeing parameters with cationic dyes in the existence of carrier. Those were: the concentration of Levegal C45 was 40ml/L, Nacl 10g/L, the temperature of dyeing was 130℃and the time is 30 minutes.
引文
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[44]余艳娥,谭艳君,樊增禄,王勋.芳纶织物的阳离子染料载体染色[J].印染, 2006, 32(12): 25-16.
[45]吴英,唐志勇,张德仁.芳砜纶纤维膨化剂染色方法研究[J].纺织学报, 1997, 118(2): 38-41.
[46]徐忠志,周翔,屠天民,赵敏.芳砜纶分散染料载体法染色[J].印染, 2003, 29(12): 4-5,12.
[47]吴赞敏,吕彤,赵婷.间位芳纶纤维的载体染色[J].印染, 2005, 31(24): 4-7.
[48]吴赞敏.纺织品清洁染整加工技术[M].北京:中国纺织出版社. 2007.
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[2] R. R. Luise. Application of High Temperature Polymers [M]. CRC Press Inc.1997: 162-177.
[3] A. Banihashemi, F. Atabaki. Synthesis and characterizadon of new thermally stable polybenzimidazoles and poly(amide-benzimidazole)s [J]. European Polymer Journal, 2002, 38(10): 2119-2124.
[4]王曙中,王庆瑞,刘兆峰.高科技纤维[M].上海:中国纺织大学出版社. 1999.
[5]汪晓峰,李晔.耐高温纤维的发展及其在产业领域的应用[J].合成纤维, 2004, 33(2): 1-3.
[6] J. D. Mencze1. Thermal measurements on poly [2,2’-(m-phenylene) -5,5’- bibenzimid- azole] fibers[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2000, 59 (3): 1023- 1027.
[7] E. J. Powers, G. A. Serad. History and development of polybenzimidazoles [A]. symposium on the history of highperformance polymers american chemical society[C]. New York, 1986: 15-18.
[8] L. H. Peebles. Carbon Fibers: Formation, Structure and Properties [M]. CRC Press, Inc, 2000.
[9]肖长发.化学纤维概论[M].北京:中国纺织出版社. 1997.
[10]罗益锋.世界高性能纤维的发展特点和新趋势[J].高科技纤维与应用, 2008, 33 (6): 19-33.
[11]宋江超.芳砜纶纤维的发展和应用[J].国外丝绸, 2007, (2): 38-40.
[12]汪晓峰.芳砜纶纤维的性能及其应用. http://www.efu.com.cn. 2004-1-06.
[13]柯晓超,邓东海,阮爱先.芳纶1313染整工艺探讨[J].印染, 2004, 30(15): 27-28.
[14]罗益锋.芳纶的研究与发展动向探讨[J].化工新型材料, 1989, (5): 1-8.
[15]王灌,李少萍,张建春.芳纶1313染色性能研究[ J ].纺织学报, 2002, (1) : 15-16.
[16]朱利锋,郝新敏.芳纶1313的超高温高压染色研究[J].染料与染色, 2006, 43(4): 24-26.
[17]邹振高.芳纶1313纤维技术现状与进展[J].纺织导报, 2006, (6): 49-52.
[18]谭艳君,余艳娥.芳纶-Nomex染色性能探讨[J].印染助剂, 2007, 24(2): 13-16.
[19]张金城.芳砜纶的性能与应用[J].合成纤维,1985, (5): 37-42.
[20]浙江产品网.性能卓越的高科技纤维-芳砜纶. http:∥www. cnzjq.i com /ware/infode-tai.l htm.l
[21]冯军.聚砜酰胺纤维的性能与应用[J].上海纺织科技, 1981, (10): 49-52.
[22]王祖行.芳砜纶纤维纸:我国自行研制制造的耐高温绝缘纸[J].绝缘纤维材料通讯, 1993, (3): 1-13.
[23]化学工业出版社组织编写.中国化工产品大全[M].第二版.北京:化学工业出版社. 1998, 1491-1492.
[24]陈文萍,王曙中,李灵.芳纶浆粕型纤维的性能与应用开发[J].合成纤维, 1994, 23.
[25]周玉,武高辉.材料分析测试技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 1998.
[26]汪晓峰,张玉华.芳砜纶的性能及其应用[J].纺织导报, 2005, (1): 18-23.
[27]张丽.芳砜纶纤维的研究性能[D].天津:天津工业大学. 2004.
[28] S. P .McCarthy, L. Rebenfeld . Interaction of nonaqueous solvents with textile fibers part XI: nomex shrinkage behavior [J]. Textile Research Journal, 1981, 51(5): 323-331.
[29]吴英,唐志勇,张德仁.芳砜纶织物染色方法研究[J].印染, 1996, 22(12): 5-7.
[30] V. V. Kozey, H. Jiang , V. R. Mehta. Compressive behavior of materials: part II : High performances fibers[J]. The Jounal of Mater Research.1995, 10(4): 1043-1045.
[31] R. Moore et al. Dyeability of nomex aramid yarn [J]. Textile Research Journal, 1986, (4): 254-260.
[32] Y. J. Wu, J. C. Seferis, V. Lorentz. Evaluations of an aramid fiber in nonwoven processes for honeycomb applications[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2002, (86): 1149-1156.
[33] F. Vander P J. Short para-aramid fiber reinforcement [J]. Rubber World, 1994, 214(6): 31- 33.
[34]叶健青.芳砜纶织物的阻燃性能和隔热性能研究[D]. 2005.
[35]叶健青,张玉华,任家荣等.芳砜纶热稳定性分析[J].东华大学学报, 2005, (3): 12-15.
[36]甄小阿.芳纶浅述[J].纺织导报, 1997, (2): 14-16.
[37]倪如青,陈蕾,刘兆峰等.芳砜纶纺丝溶液流变性能的研究[J].合成纤维, 2005, (6): 6-9.
[38]晏雄.产业用纺织品[M].上海:东华大学出版社. 2003.
[39]张玉华,沙玉明,汪晓峰.芳砜纶在防护用品中的应用[J].技术创新, 2005, (6) : 182.
[40]班燕,张玉华,任家荣.国产耐高温纤维芳纶. http://www.juzhi.com.cn.2006-05-09.
[41]任家荣,王锦,余镇慌.芳砜纶高温烟气除尘过滤应用性能的研究[J].产业用纺织品, 2008, 26(5): 6-11.
[42]陆慕寒.芳砜纶尽显中国实力[N].中国纺织报. 2003-11-27.
[43]张丽,李亚滨,刘建中.芳砜纶纤维耐热性能的研究[J].天津工业大学学报, 2006, 25(6): 17-19.
[44]余艳娥,谭艳君,樊增禄,王勋.芳纶织物的阳离子染料载体染色[J].印染, 2006, 32(12): 25-16.
[45]吴英,唐志勇,张德仁.芳砜纶纤维膨化剂染色方法研究[J].纺织学报, 1997, 118(2): 38-41.
[46]徐忠志,周翔,屠天民,赵敏.芳砜纶分散染料载体法染色[J].印染, 2003, 29(12): 4-5,12.
[47]吴赞敏,吕彤,赵婷.间位芳纶纤维的载体染色[J].印染, 2005, 31(24): 4-7.
[48]吴赞敏.纺织品清洁染整加工技术[M].北京:中国纺织出版社. 2007.
[49]王普慧,周翔,王明勇.溶胀处理提高芳砜纶可染性[J].印染, 2006, 32(2): 1-4, 34.
[50]何瑾馨.染料化学[M].北京:中国纺织出版社.
[51]冯继红,张庆,吴玉娇.芳纶织物的载体染色性能[J].印染, 2006, 32(19): 8-9.
[52]徐忠志.芳砜纶染色[D].上海东华大学: 2001级硕士学位论文.
[53]黑木宣彦.染色理论化学[M].北京:纺织工业出版社. 2001.
[54]董振礼.测色及电子计算机配色[M].北京:中国纺织出版社.
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