文化嵌入对产业集群网络特征的作用机制研究
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摘要
产业集群作为一种极具特色的网络化生产组织形式,已经成为推动我国区域经济发展的重要力量。凭借独特的区位优势和人力成本优势,经过三十年的发展国内很多地方产业集群已经具有相当规模,拥有令全世界瞩目的生产能力。很多研究表明,在产业集群的发展过程中,集群的本地化协作网络起到了至关重要的作用。然而在当前国内产业集群转型升级的背景下,一些地区封闭、刚性的集群网络反而阻碍了集群的进一步发展,出现集群发展停滞不前的“锁定”现象。在这种情况下,产业集群的网络嵌入性已经引起了人们广泛的关注,关于产业集群结构嵌入、关系嵌入的研究层出不穷。然而,如果仅仅局限于集群的网络结构、社会关系,而忽略集群所在地区的社会文化因素,我们就无法深入了解形成这种网络特征的真正原因。鉴于此,本文从新经济社会学的“嵌入性”视角出发,重点分析区域文化对产业集群网络特征的影响,并剖析两者的动态演进关系。
首先,在综述文化、嵌入性研究的基础上,本文提出了从文化特质、文化一致性来分析产业集群文化嵌入性的框架,并且结合理论分析和集群实地调研,提出了区域文化嵌入的维度和测量方法,为后续的研究做好铺垫。
其次,为了剖析区域文化嵌入对产业集群网络特征影响的微观机制,本文在文献研究和实地调研的基础上建立了文化嵌入影响集群企业网络特征的模型框架,并通过结构化的问卷调查和数据统计分析方法对每一个文化嵌入维度与集群企业网络特征的影响进行了实证。统计分析结果基本验证了本文的假设,在此基础上对已有的模型进行补充与完善。
在证明区域文化嵌入对产业集群网络特征影响的微观机制的基础上,通过对绍兴纺织产业集群的案例研究,本文提出了区域文化嵌入与产业集群网络特征的共演机制。
最后,综合以上各种研究方法得出的结论,本文从集群层面、企业层面对产业集群和企业如何突破网络的“锁定”,实现集群的转型升级提出了相应的政策建议,并总结了本研究的结论和不足,以及今后的研究展望。
As a distinctive network from of production and organizing, Industrial Clusters has become a very important force for regional economic development. With unique geographical advantage and the low cost of human resource, after three decades of reform ad opening, the industrial clusters in many places have been of considerable size, and incredible producing capacity. Many studies showed that during the development of industrial clusters, the local collaborative networks have played a crucial role. However, under the background of transformation and upgrading of domestic industrial clusters, some area-closed and rigid cluster network hindered their further development, thus 'locked'. In this case, the industrial cluster of network embeddedness has become public concern and therefore come out large quantities of researches on the structure embeddedness and relationship embeddedness with regard to the industrial clusters. Nevertheless we cannot deeply understand the real reason for the formation of this phenomenon if we only confined to the social structure and social relationship, while ignoring the cultural factors in the cluster region. Whereas, this paper analyze the effects to the network characteristics of industrial clusters by the regional culture and even the co-evolution relationship between the two, from a embeddness perspective of new economy.
Firstly, based on the overview of cultural and embeddedness studies, this paper proposes a framework that to analyze the industrial clusters from cultural characteristics and cultural consistency, and then conducts investigation on clusters in combination of theoretical analysis, thus put forward the specific dimensions of regional cultural embeddeness.
Secondly, in order to analyze the micro mechanism of the effects on the industrial cluster characteristics by the regional cultural embeddeness, this paper builds a framework model about how the cultural embeddeness affects the enterprise network characteristics based on literature studies and investigations. And then conducts an empirical study on the effects of every cultural embeddeness dimensions to the cluster corporate network characteristics through structured questionnaires and data statistic analysis method. The statistical analysis results validate the assumptions and thus improve the existing model.
More so, based on the analysis results above, this paper proposes the co-evolution mechanism of regional cultural embeddedness and industrial cluster network characteristics through a case study of Shao Xing Textile Industrial cluster.
Finally, based on the findings above, this paper puts forward political suggestions on how to break the "lock-in" phenomenon of network and realize the transformation and upgrading of clusters, summarizes the conclusion and inadequate of this paper, and future research prospects.
首先,在综述文化、嵌入性研究的基础上,本文提出了从文化特质、文化一致性来分析产业集群文化嵌入性的框架,并且结合理论分析和集群实地调研,提出了区域文化嵌入的维度和测量方法,为后续的研究做好铺垫。
其次,为了剖析区域文化嵌入对产业集群网络特征影响的微观机制,本文在文献研究和实地调研的基础上建立了文化嵌入影响集群企业网络特征的模型框架,并通过结构化的问卷调查和数据统计分析方法对每一个文化嵌入维度与集群企业网络特征的影响进行了实证。统计分析结果基本验证了本文的假设,在此基础上对已有的模型进行补充与完善。
在证明区域文化嵌入对产业集群网络特征影响的微观机制的基础上,通过对绍兴纺织产业集群的案例研究,本文提出了区域文化嵌入与产业集群网络特征的共演机制。
最后,综合以上各种研究方法得出的结论,本文从集群层面、企业层面对产业集群和企业如何突破网络的“锁定”,实现集群的转型升级提出了相应的政策建议,并总结了本研究的结论和不足,以及今后的研究展望。
As a distinctive network from of production and organizing, Industrial Clusters has become a very important force for regional economic development. With unique geographical advantage and the low cost of human resource, after three decades of reform ad opening, the industrial clusters in many places have been of considerable size, and incredible producing capacity. Many studies showed that during the development of industrial clusters, the local collaborative networks have played a crucial role. However, under the background of transformation and upgrading of domestic industrial clusters, some area-closed and rigid cluster network hindered their further development, thus 'locked'. In this case, the industrial cluster of network embeddedness has become public concern and therefore come out large quantities of researches on the structure embeddedness and relationship embeddedness with regard to the industrial clusters. Nevertheless we cannot deeply understand the real reason for the formation of this phenomenon if we only confined to the social structure and social relationship, while ignoring the cultural factors in the cluster region. Whereas, this paper analyze the effects to the network characteristics of industrial clusters by the regional culture and even the co-evolution relationship between the two, from a embeddness perspective of new economy.
Firstly, based on the overview of cultural and embeddedness studies, this paper proposes a framework that to analyze the industrial clusters from cultural characteristics and cultural consistency, and then conducts investigation on clusters in combination of theoretical analysis, thus put forward the specific dimensions of regional cultural embeddeness.
Secondly, in order to analyze the micro mechanism of the effects on the industrial cluster characteristics by the regional cultural embeddeness, this paper builds a framework model about how the cultural embeddeness affects the enterprise network characteristics based on literature studies and investigations. And then conducts an empirical study on the effects of every cultural embeddeness dimensions to the cluster corporate network characteristics through structured questionnaires and data statistic analysis method. The statistical analysis results validate the assumptions and thus improve the existing model.
More so, based on the analysis results above, this paper proposes the co-evolution mechanism of regional cultural embeddedness and industrial cluster network characteristics through a case study of Shao Xing Textile Industrial cluster.
Finally, based on the findings above, this paper puts forward political suggestions on how to break the "lock-in" phenomenon of network and realize the transformation and upgrading of clusters, summarizes the conclusion and inadequate of this paper, and future research prospects.
引文
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