反思性学习对临床实习阶段护理专科生专业自我概念的影响研究
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摘要
目的:本研究探讨临床实习对护理专科生专业自我概念的影响,并试图探索用反思性学习来培养护理专科学生良好的专业自我概念。
方法:本研究为实验性研究。选取苏州卫生职业技术学院2006级3年级护理专科实习生共128名为研究对象。随机将学生分为两组,实验组64名,对照组64名。对照组学生采用常规带教方法进行临床实习;而实验组学生在采用常规带教方法基础上开展反思性学习。于学生临床实习前及结束后,用“护理专业自我概念量表”对两组同学进行测评。
结果:(1)对照组在实习前与实习后的专业自我概念的各项均出现了下降。“灵活性”与“满意度”的P值均＜0.05。(2)实验组在实习前后的专业自我概念则表现较为稳定,其中“领导”、“满意度”、“技能”、“灵活性”P值均＜0.05。(3)实验组学生的专业自我概念明显高于对照组。其中“领导”、“满意度”、“技能”、“灵活性”P值均＜0.05。
结论:(1)护理专科学生进入临床实习后护理专业自我概念下降。(2)反思性学习对护理专科实习学生的专业自我概念起到了巩固和提高的作用。
Objectives:(1)To investigate effect of the clinical practice on the academy undergraduate nursing students.(2) Try to explore that if use reflective learning can bring up their nursing professional self-concept during the phase of clinical practice.
Methods:The study is a experiment.128 undergraduate practice students with 3-year picked up from Suzhou health college in 2006 grade became as subjects studied.Then these students were divided into the test group and the control group by randomization.The students enrolled in the control group tutored by general method.The students enrolled in the test group brought into effect reflective learning in clinical experience on the base of general method.Use the Professional self-concept of Nurses Instrument to measure nursing undergraduates' professional self-concept before and after clinical practice.
Results:(1) The nursing professional self-concept of control group is descended during the clinical practice."Agility" and "Satisfaction" have the statistical significance(P＜0.05).(2) The nursing professional self-concept of test group is stabilization during the clinical practice."Agility","Lead","Satisfaction","skill" have the statistical significance (P＜0.05).(3) There were distinguished differences between two group students in nursing professional self-concept after the clinical practice,"Agility"、"Lead"、"Satisfaction"、"skill" have the statistical significance(P＜0.05).
Conclusion:(1)The clinical practicing will descend the nursing professional self-concept of undergraduate nursing students of academy.(2) Reflective learning can bring up nursing professional self-concept during the phase of clinical practice.
方法:本研究为实验性研究。选取苏州卫生职业技术学院2006级3年级护理专科实习生共128名为研究对象。随机将学生分为两组,实验组64名,对照组64名。对照组学生采用常规带教方法进行临床实习;而实验组学生在采用常规带教方法基础上开展反思性学习。于学生临床实习前及结束后,用“护理专业自我概念量表”对两组同学进行测评。
结果:(1)对照组在实习前与实习后的专业自我概念的各项均出现了下降。“灵活性”与“满意度”的P值均＜0.05。(2)实验组在实习前后的专业自我概念则表现较为稳定,其中“领导”、“满意度”、“技能”、“灵活性”P值均＜0.05。(3)实验组学生的专业自我概念明显高于对照组。其中“领导”、“满意度”、“技能”、“灵活性”P值均＜0.05。
结论:(1)护理专科学生进入临床实习后护理专业自我概念下降。(2)反思性学习对护理专科实习学生的专业自我概念起到了巩固和提高的作用。
Objectives:(1)To investigate effect of the clinical practice on the academy undergraduate nursing students.(2) Try to explore that if use reflective learning can bring up their nursing professional self-concept during the phase of clinical practice.
Methods:The study is a experiment.128 undergraduate practice students with 3-year picked up from Suzhou health college in 2006 grade became as subjects studied.Then these students were divided into the test group and the control group by randomization.The students enrolled in the control group tutored by general method.The students enrolled in the test group brought into effect reflective learning in clinical experience on the base of general method.Use the Professional self-concept of Nurses Instrument to measure nursing undergraduates' professional self-concept before and after clinical practice.
Results:(1) The nursing professional self-concept of control group is descended during the clinical practice."Agility" and "Satisfaction" have the statistical significance(P＜0.05).(2) The nursing professional self-concept of test group is stabilization during the clinical practice."Agility","Lead","Satisfaction","skill" have the statistical significance (P＜0.05).(3) There were distinguished differences between two group students in nursing professional self-concept after the clinical practice,"Agility"、"Lead"、"Satisfaction"、"skill" have the statistical significance(P＜0.05).
Conclusion:(1)The clinical practicing will descend the nursing professional self-concept of undergraduate nursing students of academy.(2) Reflective learning can bring up nursing professional self-concept during the phase of clinical practice.
引文
1 陈松兰,陈慧.对护生职业态度教育的研究[J].护理研究,2005,19(9):1704-1705
2 Admi H.Nursing students stress during the initial clinical experience[J].Nurs Educ,1997,36(7):323-337
3 姜安丽,李树贞:护理教育学[M].高等教育出版社,北京2002,第一版:119-121
4 白继荣主编,临床护理实习指导[M].北京医科大学中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1999,第1版:1-3
5 陈松兰,陈慧.对护生职业态度教育的研究[J].护理研究,2005,19(9):1704-1705
6 陈松兰,陈慧.对护生职业态度教育的研究[J].护理研究,2005,19(9):1704-1705
7 井坤娟.不同层次护士毕业实习期间适应状况调查[J].中华护理杂志,2000,35(10):592-593
8 绍瑞珍.教育心理学[M].上海教育出版社,1997:102-110
9 王桂祥.自我概念综述[J].社会心理科学,2003,4:37-42
10 BYREN B M.The general/academic self-concept nomological network:A review of construct validation research[J].Renew of Education Research,1984(54):427-456
11 高云鹏.自我概念结构研究的发展趋势与展望[J].新疆石油教育学院学报,2006,8(7):103-105
12 刘化英.罗杰斯对自我概念的研究及其教育启示[J].辽宁师范大学学报,2000(6):46-49
13 沈梅.自我概念的理论述评[J].湖北教育学院学报,2007,24(7):70-72
14 MARSH H W,SHAVELSON R.Self-concept:Its multifaceted,hierarchical structure[J].Educational Psychologist,1985(20):107-123
15 贾谊峰,李素娟,李红.自我概念的理论模型及其发展走向[J].沈阳师范大学学报,2008,32(2):139-142
16 SHAVELSON R J,HUBNER J J,STANTON G C.Self-concept:Validation of construct interpretations[J].Review of Educational Research,1976(46):407-441
17 Hattie.J.Self-concept[M].Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc,1992:76-93
18 HARTER S.The determinants and mediational role of global self-worth in children[M]//in EISENBERG N.Contemporary topics in developmental psychology.New York:John Wiley& Sons,Inc.,1987:219-242
19 贾谊峰,李素娟,李红.自我概念的理论模型及其发展走向[J].沈阳师范大学学报,2008,32(2):139-142
20 胡维芳.自我概念的研究范型评述[J].青海社会科学,2003,6:114-116
21 KEITH L K,BRACKEN B A.Self-concept instrumentation:A historical and evaluative review[M]//in BRACKEN B A.Handbook of self-concept:Develop-mental,social,and clinical consideration.New york:John Wiley& So ns,Inc,1996:91-170
22 TANSY M,MILLER J A.The invariable of the self-concept construct across White and Hispanic student populations[J].Journal of Psychoeducational Assesement,1997(15):4-14
23 赵建平.自我概念研究评述[J].安阳师范学院学报,2005:73-74
24 蔺桂瑞.职业自我概念与大学生职业指导[J].首都师范大学学报(社会科学版),2002年增刊:107-109
25 张宏兵.职业自我概念与高职生职业指导[J]:重庆职业技术学院学报,2008,17(2):17-19
26 ARTHUR D.Measurement of the professional self-concept of nurses:developing a measurement instrument[J].Nurse Education Today,1995,15(5):328-335
27 SteinK F.Schema model self concept[J].Image Journal of Nursing scholarship,1993,27(3):187-193
28 Arthur D.The Professional self-concept of nurses:A critical review[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing.1992,17(6):712-719
29 ARTHUR D.Measurement of the professional self-concept of nurses:developing a measurement instrument[J].Nurse Education Today,1995,15(5):328-335
30 Arthur D.and Thorne S.Professional self-concept of nurses:a comparative study of four strata of students of nursing in a Canadian university[J].Nurse Education Today,1998,18(5):380-388
31 ArthurD.,Sohng,K.Y.,Noh,C.H.,Kim S.The Professional self concept of Korean hospital nurses[J].The International journal of Nursing studies,1998,35:155-162
32 Arthur D,Pang S,WongT,et al.Caring attributes,Professional self-concept and technological influences in a sample of registered nurses in eleven countries[J].International Journal of Nursing studies,1999,36:387-396
33 BedardD,Duquette A.Nurses' professional self-concept[French][J].Canadian Nurse,1998,Jun:94(6):43-45
34 KellyB.The professional sel-concepts of nursing undergraduates and their perceptions of influential forces [J].Journal of Nursing Education,1992 Mar:31(3):121-125
35 Hoffman J,Baillod J.what does it mean for men to be nurses?[German][J].Pflege,1996,9(3):207-215
36 Gedda B.A critical overview of the instruments Nurse self Description Form(NSDF) Professional self Description Form(PSDF)[J].Nursing science and Research in the Nordic Countries(VARD I NORDEN),2005,25(2):26-31
37 刘可,尤黎明.对护理专科、本科学生专业态度的调查分析[J].中华国际护理杂志,2003,2(1):18-20
38 谢寿姣,曾志励,邓秋芬等.护理本科生的专业态度调查[J],护理学杂志,2007,22(7):10-12
39 商亚娟,曹宝花等.护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的定性研究[J].医学信息,2008,21(11):2032-2034
40 程家娥、黄毅.男性护理大专生专业态度调查[J].护理学杂志,2006,21(6):68-69
41 李红,沈宁等.护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的研究[J].中华护理教育,2006,3(1):22-25
42 李红,沈宁等.护理本科毕业生专业行为表现与专业态度相关性研究[J].中华护理教育,2006,3(3):99-101
43 魏瑞璞,单伟颖等.保定市临床护理带教人员专业自我概念的调查研究[J].护理研究,2006,20(40):1040-1041
44 Atkins S,Murphy K.Reflection:Areview of the literature[J].Adv.Nurs,1993,18:1188-1192
45 Annie KL,Kai CC,Winnie K W.Reflective practice in clinical teaching[J].Nursing and Health sciences,2002,4:201-208
46 郑菊萍.反思性学习简论,上海教育科研[J].2002,8:43-45
47 杨慧.反思性学习方式探析[J].新西部,2007,12X:49-49,47
48 田圣会,李茂科.试析反思性学习的操作性定义[J].教育与职业,2007(3):69-70
49 Richardson R.Reflection and reflective nursing practice[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,2000,21(6):1044-1050
50 Hazel P,David B,Dorothy A.An evaluation of process and outcomes from learning through reflective practice grouns on a post-registration nursing course[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,2000,31(3):689-695
51 陈荣凤,姜安丽.反思性临床护理实践教学初探[J].解放军护理杂志,2004,21(9):78-79
52 赵坤,姜安丽.浅谈护理教学中学生反思性学习的培养[J].解放军护理杂志,2004,21(9):78-79
53 段功香,沈宁等.反思性学习对本科护生临床沟通能力影响的研究[J].中华护理杂志,2007,42(9):773-775
54 杨桂荣,林细吟等.护理专业自我概念量表的信度和效度检测[J].护理学杂志,2008,23(6):4-6
55 Arthur D.The Professional self-concept of nurses:A critical review[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing.1992,17(6):712-719
56 Arthur D,Pang S,WongT,et al.Caring attributes,Professional self-concept and technological influences in a sample of registered nurses in eleven countries[J].International Journal of Nursing studies,1999,36:387-396
57 魏瑞璞,单伟颖等.保定市临床护理带教人员专业自我概念的调查研究[J].护理研究,2006,20(40):1040-1041
58 杨桂荣,林细吟等.护理专业自我概念量表的信度和效度检测[J].护理学杂志,2008,23(6):4-6
59 周丽娟,任小红.临床实习护生归属感不强的影响因素及对策[J].现代护理,2008,14(1):121-122
60 郑菊萍.反思性学习简论,上海教育科研[J].2002,8:43-45
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[3]姜安丽,李树贞.护理教育学[M].高等教育出版社,北京2002,第一版:119-121
[4]白继荣主编,临床护理实习指导[M].北京医科大学中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1999,第1版:1-3
[5]井坤娟.不同层次护士毕业实习期间适应状况调查[J].中华护理杂志,2000,35(10):592-593
[6]绍瑞珍.教育心理学[M].上海教育出版社,1997:102-110
[7]王桂祥.自我概念综述[J].社会心理科学,2003,4:37-42
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[31]SteinK F.Schema model self concept[J].Image Journal of Nursing scholarship,1993,27(3):187-193
[32]Arthur D.The Professional self-concept of nurses:A critical review[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing.1992,17(6):712-719.
[33]Arthur D.and Thorne S.Professional self-concept of nurses:a comparative study of four strata of students of nursing in a Canadian university[J].Nurse Education Today,1998,18(5):380-388
[34]ArthurD.,Sohng,K.Y.,Noh,C.H.,Kim S.The Professional self concept of Korean hospital nurses[J].The International journal of Nursing studies,1998,35:155-162
[35]Arthur D,Pang S,WongT,et al.Caring attributes,Professional self-concept and technological influences in a sample of registered nurses in eleven countries [J].International Journal of Nursing studies,1999,36:387-396
[36]BedardD,Duquette A Nurses professional self-concept[French][J].Canadian Nurse,1998,Jun:94(6):43-45
[37]KellyB.The professional sel-concepts of nursing undergraduates and their perceptions of influential forces[J].Journal of Nursing Education,1992 Mar:31(3):121-125
[38]Hoffman J,Baillod J.what does it mean for men to be nurses?[German][J].Pflege,1996,9(3):207-215
[39]Cowin L.Measuring nurses self-concept[J].West journal of Nursing Research,2001,23(3):313-325
[40]Gedda B.A critical overview of the instruments Nurse self Description Form (NSDF) Professional self Description Form(PSDF)[J].Nursing science and Research in the Nordic Countries(VARD I NORDEN),2005,25(2):26-31
[41]刘可,尤黎明.对护理专科、本科学生专业态度的调查分析[J].中华国际护理杂志,2003,2(1):18-20
[42]谢寿姣,曾志励,邓秋芬等.护理本科生的专业态度调查[J].护理学杂志,2007,22(7):10-12
[43]商亚娟,曹宝花等.护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的定性研究[J].医学信息,2008,21(11):2032-2034
[44]程家娥、黄毅.男性护理大专生专业态度调查[J].护理学杂志,2006,2l(6):68-69
[45]李红,沈宁等.护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的研究[J].中华护理教育,2006,3(1):22-25
[46]李红,沈宁等.护理本科毕业生专业行为表现与专业态度相关性研究[J].中华护理教育,2006,3(3):99-101
[47]魏瑞璞,单伟颖等.保定市临床护理带教人员专业自我概念的调查研究[J].护理研究,2006,20(40):1040-1041.
[48]Atkins S,Murphy K.Reflection:A review of the literature[J].Adv.Nurs,1993,18:1188-1192
[49]Annie KL,Kai CC,Winnie K W.Reflective practice in clinical teaching[J].Nursing and Health sciences,2002,4:201-208
[50]郑菊萍.反思性学习简论,上海教育科研[J].2002,8:43-45
[51]杨慧.反思性学习方式探析[J].新西部,2007,12X:49-49,47
[52]田圣会,李茂科.试析反思性学习的操作性定义[J].教育与职业,2007(3):69-70
[53]Richardson R.Reflection and reflective nursing practice[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,2000,21(6):1044-1050
[54]Hazel P,David B,Dorothy A.An evaluation of process and outcomes from learning through reflective practice groups on a post-registration nursing course[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,2000,31(3):689-695
[55]陈荣凤,姜安丽.反思性临床护理实践教学初探[J].解放军护理杂志,2004,21(9):78-79
[56]赵坤,姜安丽.浅谈护理教学中学生反思性学习的培养[J].解放军护理杂志,2004,21(9):78-79
[57]段功香,沈宁.反思性学习对本科护生临床实践行为的影响[J].护理学杂志,2007,22(8):66-67
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2 Admi H.Nursing students stress during the initial clinical experience[J].Nurs Educ,1997,36(7):323-337
3 姜安丽,李树贞:护理教育学[M].高等教育出版社,北京2002,第一版:119-121
4 白继荣主编,临床护理实习指导[M].北京医科大学中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1999,第1版:1-3
5 陈松兰,陈慧.对护生职业态度教育的研究[J].护理研究,2005,19(9):1704-1705
6 陈松兰,陈慧.对护生职业态度教育的研究[J].护理研究,2005,19(9):1704-1705
7 井坤娟.不同层次护士毕业实习期间适应状况调查[J].中华护理杂志,2000,35(10):592-593
8 绍瑞珍.教育心理学[M].上海教育出版社,1997:102-110
9 王桂祥.自我概念综述[J].社会心理科学,2003,4:37-42
10 BYREN B M.The general/academic self-concept nomological network:A review of construct validation research[J].Renew of Education Research,1984(54):427-456
11 高云鹏.自我概念结构研究的发展趋势与展望[J].新疆石油教育学院学报,2006,8(7):103-105
12 刘化英.罗杰斯对自我概念的研究及其教育启示[J].辽宁师范大学学报,2000(6):46-49
13 沈梅.自我概念的理论述评[J].湖北教育学院学报,2007,24(7):70-72
14 MARSH H W,SHAVELSON R.Self-concept:Its multifaceted,hierarchical structure[J].Educational Psychologist,1985(20):107-123
15 贾谊峰,李素娟,李红.自我概念的理论模型及其发展走向[J].沈阳师范大学学报,2008,32(2):139-142
16 SHAVELSON R J,HUBNER J J,STANTON G C.Self-concept:Validation of construct interpretations[J].Review of Educational Research,1976(46):407-441
17 Hattie.J.Self-concept[M].Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc,1992:76-93
18 HARTER S.The determinants and mediational role of global self-worth in children[M]//in EISENBERG N.Contemporary topics in developmental psychology.New York:John Wiley& Sons,Inc.,1987:219-242
19 贾谊峰,李素娟,李红.自我概念的理论模型及其发展走向[J].沈阳师范大学学报,2008,32(2):139-142
20 胡维芳.自我概念的研究范型评述[J].青海社会科学,2003,6:114-116
21 KEITH L K,BRACKEN B A.Self-concept instrumentation:A historical and evaluative review[M]//in BRACKEN B A.Handbook of self-concept:Develop-mental,social,and clinical consideration.New york:John Wiley& So ns,Inc,1996:91-170
22 TANSY M,MILLER J A.The invariable of the self-concept construct across White and Hispanic student populations[J].Journal of Psychoeducational Assesement,1997(15):4-14
23 赵建平.自我概念研究评述[J].安阳师范学院学报,2005:73-74
24 蔺桂瑞.职业自我概念与大学生职业指导[J].首都师范大学学报(社会科学版),2002年增刊:107-109
25 张宏兵.职业自我概念与高职生职业指导[J]:重庆职业技术学院学报,2008,17(2):17-19
26 ARTHUR D.Measurement of the professional self-concept of nurses:developing a measurement instrument[J].Nurse Education Today,1995,15(5):328-335
27 SteinK F.Schema model self concept[J].Image Journal of Nursing scholarship,1993,27(3):187-193
28 Arthur D.The Professional self-concept of nurses:A critical review[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing.1992,17(6):712-719
29 ARTHUR D.Measurement of the professional self-concept of nurses:developing a measurement instrument[J].Nurse Education Today,1995,15(5):328-335
30 Arthur D.and Thorne S.Professional self-concept of nurses:a comparative study of four strata of students of nursing in a Canadian university[J].Nurse Education Today,1998,18(5):380-388
31 ArthurD.,Sohng,K.Y.,Noh,C.H.,Kim S.The Professional self concept of Korean hospital nurses[J].The International journal of Nursing studies,1998,35:155-162
32 Arthur D,Pang S,WongT,et al.Caring attributes,Professional self-concept and technological influences in a sample of registered nurses in eleven countries[J].International Journal of Nursing studies,1999,36:387-396
33 BedardD,Duquette A.Nurses' professional self-concept[French][J].Canadian Nurse,1998,Jun:94(6):43-45
34 KellyB.The professional sel-concepts of nursing undergraduates and their perceptions of influential forces [J].Journal of Nursing Education,1992 Mar:31(3):121-125
35 Hoffman J,Baillod J.what does it mean for men to be nurses?[German][J].Pflege,1996,9(3):207-215
36 Gedda B.A critical overview of the instruments Nurse self Description Form(NSDF) Professional self Description Form(PSDF)[J].Nursing science and Research in the Nordic Countries(VARD I NORDEN),2005,25(2):26-31
37 刘可,尤黎明.对护理专科、本科学生专业态度的调查分析[J].中华国际护理杂志,2003,2(1):18-20
38 谢寿姣,曾志励,邓秋芬等.护理本科生的专业态度调查[J],护理学杂志,2007,22(7):10-12
39 商亚娟,曹宝花等.护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的定性研究[J].医学信息,2008,21(11):2032-2034
40 程家娥、黄毅.男性护理大专生专业态度调查[J].护理学杂志,2006,21(6):68-69
41 李红,沈宁等.护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的研究[J].中华护理教育,2006,3(1):22-25
42 李红,沈宁等.护理本科毕业生专业行为表现与专业态度相关性研究[J].中华护理教育,2006,3(3):99-101
43 魏瑞璞,单伟颖等.保定市临床护理带教人员专业自我概念的调查研究[J].护理研究,2006,20(40):1040-1041
44 Atkins S,Murphy K.Reflection:Areview of the literature[J].Adv.Nurs,1993,18:1188-1192
45 Annie KL,Kai CC,Winnie K W.Reflective practice in clinical teaching[J].Nursing and Health sciences,2002,4:201-208
46 郑菊萍.反思性学习简论,上海教育科研[J].2002,8:43-45
47 杨慧.反思性学习方式探析[J].新西部,2007,12X:49-49,47
48 田圣会,李茂科.试析反思性学习的操作性定义[J].教育与职业,2007(3):69-70
49 Richardson R.Reflection and reflective nursing practice[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,2000,21(6):1044-1050
50 Hazel P,David B,Dorothy A.An evaluation of process and outcomes from learning through reflective practice grouns on a post-registration nursing course[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,2000,31(3):689-695
51 陈荣凤,姜安丽.反思性临床护理实践教学初探[J].解放军护理杂志,2004,21(9):78-79
52 赵坤,姜安丽.浅谈护理教学中学生反思性学习的培养[J].解放军护理杂志,2004,21(9):78-79
53 段功香,沈宁等.反思性学习对本科护生临床沟通能力影响的研究[J].中华护理杂志,2007,42(9):773-775
54 杨桂荣,林细吟等.护理专业自我概念量表的信度和效度检测[J].护理学杂志,2008,23(6):4-6
55 Arthur D.The Professional self-concept of nurses:A critical review[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing.1992,17(6):712-719
56 Arthur D,Pang S,WongT,et al.Caring attributes,Professional self-concept and technological influences in a sample of registered nurses in eleven countries[J].International Journal of Nursing studies,1999,36:387-396
57 魏瑞璞,单伟颖等.保定市临床护理带教人员专业自我概念的调查研究[J].护理研究,2006,20(40):1040-1041
58 杨桂荣,林细吟等.护理专业自我概念量表的信度和效度检测[J].护理学杂志,2008,23(6):4-6
59 周丽娟,任小红.临床实习护生归属感不强的影响因素及对策[J].现代护理,2008,14(1):121-122
60 郑菊萍.反思性学习简论,上海教育科研[J].2002,8:43-45
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