胶东金青顶金矿成因矿物学与深部远景研究
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摘要
金青顶金矿床位于胶东牟乳成矿带中部,矿体产于中生代昆嵛山二长花岗岩中,受NNE向将军石-曲河庄断裂控制。矿床类型为石英脉型金矿。作者结合矿体及围岩蚀变特征,对该矿床成因矿物学和矿床成因进行了深入研究,并对Ⅱ号矿体深部成矿前景进行了预测。
该矿床是多期多阶段形成的,深部矿石类型以黄铁矿石英脉为主。围岩蚀变范围和强度从地表到深部呈反复膨大收缩的豆荚状变化趋势。蚀变过程中与Au相关的成矿元素以带入为主,说明与成矿相关的元素主要为热液携带而来,并非都从围岩中萃取而来。
黄铁矿的形成受岩浆热液控制,浅部受地下卤水淋滤作用影响,成矿物质具有多源性而不是直接来源于围岩昆嵛山岩体;黄铁矿形成温度集中在130～310℃;P%间接指示成矿热液由NNE下方沿断裂向SSW上方运移;热电性参数填图显示,Ⅱ号矿体-785m以下很可能已到根部,向下延深可能趋于尖灭;用热电导型变化梯度估算矿体的延伸规模是可行的;黄铁矿电阻率值与矿石金品位、矿化度和矿体产状变化程度成反相关关系;S、Pb、He和Ar同位素组成分析表明,成矿物质主要来源于下地壳,并与深部幔源流体发生不同程度的壳幔混合。
石英包裹体均一温度介于145~345℃,盐度6.35%~12.5%,流体密度0.80~0.97g/cm3,属中低温、低盐度、低密度流体,且随着成矿流体从早期到主成矿期演化,呈逐渐降低趋势。成矿压力集中于50~75MPa,成矿深度集中于5.1~7.0km,与前人研究的从矿床形成至今胶东地区的剥蚀程度约为5.83km基本吻合。流体液相成分主要为Na+、Cl-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+,气相成分主要为H2O、CO2、H2,基本属于CO2-H2O-NaCl体系。F/Cl、Na/K、Na/(Ca+Mg)研究表明矿体具有岩浆热液和热卤水的双重特性,且浅部受地下卤水作用较大。成矿热液属于中酸性还原介质,fO2普遍较低,随着成矿从早到晚演化fO2先升高后降低,fCO2逐渐降低。热爆曲线显示:起爆温度低、低温区起爆频数较高、主爆裂峰较强往往指示金矿化的有利部位。热释光分析显示:热释光曲线呈双峰型、单峰峰位的温度值集中在230～250℃之间、半峰宽较大均能代表富矿段特征。
深部预测研究表明:Ⅱ号矿体-785m已到根部,矿体向下延伸趋于尖灭。
JinQingDing gold deposit, the typical quartz vein type gold doposit in the Northeast of Shan dong province, located in the middle of the Muping-Rushan ore-formingbelt, occurs in Mesozoic Kunyunshan monzonitic granite. Ore bodies are controlled by the Jiangjunshi-Quhezhuang tectonic zones of NNE striking faults. According to the genetic mineralogy research of quartz and pyrite, it is discussed, combined with hydrothermal alteration, about the ore genesis, and the prospective prognosis in depth of orebody NO.Ⅱin the JinQingDing gold ore were proposed.
The deposit is formed in multi-stage. Ore types in the deep are mainly in veins, Showed a trend of shrinking swollen of the scope and intensity of rock alteration from the surface to the deep. The elements associated with Au are mainly in bringing in during the alteration. Shows the elements associated with ore-forming are mainly brought into by hydrothermal water, not all come from the surrounding rock alteration.
The genetic mineralogy research of pyrite shows that the mineralization of pyrite was controlled by the magmatic wate and impacted by the eluviation of ground water. According to the thermoelectric, the mineralization temperature is 130 to 310℃; P% was along the NNE below to the SSW top along the fault showd a regular increasing trend, It’s an indirect indicator that the migration of hydrothermal and the Lateral direction of ore were in the same direction. With the mineralogy mapping of thermoelectric properties it is shows that P % and gold grade were all significantly reduced or weakening trend,, indicating the deep downward orebody No.Ⅱmay start to become less below -785m; The electric resistivity of pyrite showed an inverse correlation with an average gold grade,the mineralization intensity and the variation gradient of orebody occurrence; The analytical results of sulfur, lead, helium and argon isotope show that the source of matallogenic materials were mainly from low crust, and the mantle fluids were inwolved in the metallogenic process.
The genetic mineralogy research of quartz shows that the homogeneous temperature is between 145~345℃, salinity: 6.35~12.5%, density: 0.80~0.97g/cm3. and ore-forming fluids is moderate to low temperature, low salinity, low density and CO2-rich.The trapping pressure is estimated at least to be 50 to75MPa,and the ore-forming depth ranges from 5.1 to7.0km(6.4km on average).Fluid inclusion analyses show that Na+、Cl-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+ and K+ are main compositions of liquid phase,with minor of NO3-、Al3+ and F-;H2O、CO2 and H2 are dominating in gas phase,with minor of CO、CH4,and N2,and the pH ranges from 4.02 to 4.84(4.53 on average), Eh ranges from 0.68 to﹣0.51(-0.60 on average),lgfO2 ranges from -36.44 to -44.63 and lgfCO2 ranges from -1.11 to -1.75. It is characterized by lower explosive temperature,higher explosive frequency and higher intension of the quartz for the chief metallogenic stages, which is consistent with the Au-rich segments. The curve thermoluminescence of major metallogenic stages analyses show that the Au-rich segments are often characterized by a two-peak pattern, a curve peak location of 230～250℃,a higher peak and a broader half-width, which is as a prospecting criteria.
Study on deep Forecast show that: the following of -785m ofⅡorebody has been to the roots of the ore. Tend to pinch down the extension.
该矿床是多期多阶段形成的,深部矿石类型以黄铁矿石英脉为主。围岩蚀变范围和强度从地表到深部呈反复膨大收缩的豆荚状变化趋势。蚀变过程中与Au相关的成矿元素以带入为主,说明与成矿相关的元素主要为热液携带而来,并非都从围岩中萃取而来。
黄铁矿的形成受岩浆热液控制,浅部受地下卤水淋滤作用影响,成矿物质具有多源性而不是直接来源于围岩昆嵛山岩体;黄铁矿形成温度集中在130～310℃;P%间接指示成矿热液由NNE下方沿断裂向SSW上方运移;热电性参数填图显示,Ⅱ号矿体-785m以下很可能已到根部,向下延深可能趋于尖灭;用热电导型变化梯度估算矿体的延伸规模是可行的;黄铁矿电阻率值与矿石金品位、矿化度和矿体产状变化程度成反相关关系;S、Pb、He和Ar同位素组成分析表明,成矿物质主要来源于下地壳,并与深部幔源流体发生不同程度的壳幔混合。
石英包裹体均一温度介于145~345℃,盐度6.35%~12.5%,流体密度0.80~0.97g/cm3,属中低温、低盐度、低密度流体,且随着成矿流体从早期到主成矿期演化,呈逐渐降低趋势。成矿压力集中于50~75MPa,成矿深度集中于5.1~7.0km,与前人研究的从矿床形成至今胶东地区的剥蚀程度约为5.83km基本吻合。流体液相成分主要为Na+、Cl-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+,气相成分主要为H2O、CO2、H2,基本属于CO2-H2O-NaCl体系。F/Cl、Na/K、Na/(Ca+Mg)研究表明矿体具有岩浆热液和热卤水的双重特性,且浅部受地下卤水作用较大。成矿热液属于中酸性还原介质,fO2普遍较低,随着成矿从早到晚演化fO2先升高后降低,fCO2逐渐降低。热爆曲线显示:起爆温度低、低温区起爆频数较高、主爆裂峰较强往往指示金矿化的有利部位。热释光分析显示:热释光曲线呈双峰型、单峰峰位的温度值集中在230～250℃之间、半峰宽较大均能代表富矿段特征。
深部预测研究表明:Ⅱ号矿体-785m已到根部,矿体向下延伸趋于尖灭。
JinQingDing gold deposit, the typical quartz vein type gold doposit in the Northeast of Shan dong province, located in the middle of the Muping-Rushan ore-formingbelt, occurs in Mesozoic Kunyunshan monzonitic granite. Ore bodies are controlled by the Jiangjunshi-Quhezhuang tectonic zones of NNE striking faults. According to the genetic mineralogy research of quartz and pyrite, it is discussed, combined with hydrothermal alteration, about the ore genesis, and the prospective prognosis in depth of orebody NO.Ⅱin the JinQingDing gold ore were proposed.
The deposit is formed in multi-stage. Ore types in the deep are mainly in veins, Showed a trend of shrinking swollen of the scope and intensity of rock alteration from the surface to the deep. The elements associated with Au are mainly in bringing in during the alteration. Shows the elements associated with ore-forming are mainly brought into by hydrothermal water, not all come from the surrounding rock alteration.
The genetic mineralogy research of pyrite shows that the mineralization of pyrite was controlled by the magmatic wate and impacted by the eluviation of ground water. According to the thermoelectric, the mineralization temperature is 130 to 310℃; P% was along the NNE below to the SSW top along the fault showd a regular increasing trend, It’s an indirect indicator that the migration of hydrothermal and the Lateral direction of ore were in the same direction. With the mineralogy mapping of thermoelectric properties it is shows that P % and gold grade were all significantly reduced or weakening trend,, indicating the deep downward orebody No.Ⅱmay start to become less below -785m; The electric resistivity of pyrite showed an inverse correlation with an average gold grade,the mineralization intensity and the variation gradient of orebody occurrence; The analytical results of sulfur, lead, helium and argon isotope show that the source of matallogenic materials were mainly from low crust, and the mantle fluids were inwolved in the metallogenic process.
The genetic mineralogy research of quartz shows that the homogeneous temperature is between 145~345℃, salinity: 6.35~12.5%, density: 0.80~0.97g/cm3. and ore-forming fluids is moderate to low temperature, low salinity, low density and CO2-rich.The trapping pressure is estimated at least to be 50 to75MPa,and the ore-forming depth ranges from 5.1 to7.0km(6.4km on average).Fluid inclusion analyses show that Na+、Cl-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+ and K+ are main compositions of liquid phase,with minor of NO3-、Al3+ and F-;H2O、CO2 and H2 are dominating in gas phase,with minor of CO、CH4,and N2,and the pH ranges from 4.02 to 4.84(4.53 on average), Eh ranges from 0.68 to﹣0.51(-0.60 on average),lgfO2 ranges from -36.44 to -44.63 and lgfCO2 ranges from -1.11 to -1.75. It is characterized by lower explosive temperature,higher explosive frequency and higher intension of the quartz for the chief metallogenic stages, which is consistent with the Au-rich segments. The curve thermoluminescence of major metallogenic stages analyses show that the Au-rich segments are often characterized by a two-peak pattern, a curve peak location of 230～250℃,a higher peak and a broader half-width, which is as a prospecting criteria.
Study on deep Forecast show that: the following of -785m ofⅡorebody has been to the roots of the ore. Tend to pinch down the extension.
引文
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