电台音频测试仪硬件平台设计与实现
摘要
电台作为军队作战的基本通信工具,其工作状况直接影响作战信息传递的可靠性。为确保电台的正常工作,电台有效性的测试成为非常重要的任务,而确保电台音频通路性能是保证电台正常通信的前提条件,因此,音频信号检测与分析是衡量电台工作是否有效的重要测试项目。
目前,军用跳频电台已经在我军得到广泛使用,但由于保密的原因以及新技术应用的不足,现有电台测试设备已不能满足实际需要。市场上的音频测试设备一般针对民用产品的常规性能测试,不能满足军用电台音频信号的测试。因此,本文为此设计了专门的电台音频测试平台。
首先,本文研究了市场上的音频测试技术现状,在此基础上选用了基于FFT的数字信号处理技术方案。
其次,分析了硬件平台的需求,采用FPGA及ADC的设计方案。根据需求选择芯片,并仿真验证主要芯片性能;细分各个子功能模块,详细阐述每个模块功能和设计方法;通过Altium设计电路原理图,设计并加工PCB,最后通过调试并生产。
硬件平台满足两种信号的测试需求:话筒输入的5mV以下弱信号和电台接口输出的100mV~30V强信号。
最后,在硬件平台上完成FPGA的性能测试算法,对ADC采集处理后的音频数字信号运用FFT快速算法计算,获得输入信号的频率、电平、信纳比和失真度。同时,实现了音频测试所需信号源。
本文设计并实现了军用跳频电台音频测试的硬件平台和关键算法,该平台能准确测试电台音频性能,满足现役电台的指标测量,在战场和后勤保障中取得了一定的实用价值,并在军队得到应用。
Radio set is the basic communication tools in army, its working conditions have adirect effect on reliability of warfare information transfer. Effective testing for radio sebecomes important task currently to ensure radio set works in a normal and activecondition, but ensuring radio set audio signal channel is the premise condition of radioset normal communication, so the testing and analysis for radio set audio is theimportant testing project to measure whether radio set is effective or not in radio setester.
At present, HF radio set has been put into practical extensively, but the existing radioset testing devices cannot satisfy the actual needs because of secrets and new techniqueapplication insufficiency. Presently the audio testers in market only aim to conventionaperformance testing of civil products. So this article developed special audio signatesting platform for army radio set.
Firstly this paper researched the market's audio testing technology present situationadopted the method basing on FFT, digital signal processing technology.
After, analyzed requirements of hardware platform, adopted a design structure oFPGA and ADC. Chose a series of ICs according to design requirements, simulated andverified; re-divided every subunits functions module, expounded each module functionand design methods in detail, then drew principle circuit by Altium tools, designed andprocessed PCB, debugged and produced.
The designed hardware meets testing requirements for two kinds, microphone inpuweak signal within 5mV and radio set interface output 100mV~30V strong signal.
Finally, has completed the FPGA performance and algorithm on the hardwareplatform. Fast algorithms basing on FFT calculated the audio digital signal, which wassampled and processed by analog to digital converter. FFT converted the time-domainsignal into frequency-domain, calculated the signal performances including audiofrequency, level, signal to noise and distortion ratio and total harmonic distortionbesides, this paper designed audio signal source for audio testing.
This paper designed and completed HP radio set audio testing hardware platform andcompleted key algorithms, the platform can test the audio indicators accurately, meeindex testing of active radio, play a practical value in the battlefield and logisticguarantee, and has been used in army.
目前,军用跳频电台已经在我军得到广泛使用,但由于保密的原因以及新技术应用的不足,现有电台测试设备已不能满足实际需要。市场上的音频测试设备一般针对民用产品的常规性能测试,不能满足军用电台音频信号的测试。因此,本文为此设计了专门的电台音频测试平台。
首先,本文研究了市场上的音频测试技术现状,在此基础上选用了基于FFT的数字信号处理技术方案。
其次,分析了硬件平台的需求,采用FPGA及ADC的设计方案。根据需求选择芯片,并仿真验证主要芯片性能;细分各个子功能模块,详细阐述每个模块功能和设计方法;通过Altium设计电路原理图,设计并加工PCB,最后通过调试并生产。
硬件平台满足两种信号的测试需求:话筒输入的5mV以下弱信号和电台接口输出的100mV~30V强信号。
最后,在硬件平台上完成FPGA的性能测试算法,对ADC采集处理后的音频数字信号运用FFT快速算法计算,获得输入信号的频率、电平、信纳比和失真度。同时,实现了音频测试所需信号源。
本文设计并实现了军用跳频电台音频测试的硬件平台和关键算法,该平台能准确测试电台音频性能,满足现役电台的指标测量,在战场和后勤保障中取得了一定的实用价值,并在军队得到应用。
Radio set is the basic communication tools in army, its working conditions have adirect effect on reliability of warfare information transfer. Effective testing for radio sebecomes important task currently to ensure radio set works in a normal and activecondition, but ensuring radio set audio signal channel is the premise condition of radioset normal communication, so the testing and analysis for radio set audio is theimportant testing project to measure whether radio set is effective or not in radio setester.
At present, HF radio set has been put into practical extensively, but the existing radioset testing devices cannot satisfy the actual needs because of secrets and new techniqueapplication insufficiency. Presently the audio testers in market only aim to conventionaperformance testing of civil products. So this article developed special audio signatesting platform for army radio set.
Firstly this paper researched the market's audio testing technology present situationadopted the method basing on FFT, digital signal processing technology.
After, analyzed requirements of hardware platform, adopted a design structure oFPGA and ADC. Chose a series of ICs according to design requirements, simulated andverified; re-divided every subunits functions module, expounded each module functionand design methods in detail, then drew principle circuit by Altium tools, designed andprocessed PCB, debugged and produced.
The designed hardware meets testing requirements for two kinds, microphone inpuweak signal within 5mV and radio set interface output 100mV~30V strong signal.
Finally, has completed the FPGA performance and algorithm on the hardwareplatform. Fast algorithms basing on FFT calculated the audio digital signal, which wassampled and processed by analog to digital converter. FFT converted the time-domainsignal into frequency-domain, calculated the signal performances including audiofrequency, level, signal to noise and distortion ratio and total harmonic distortionbesides, this paper designed audio signal source for audio testing.
This paper designed and completed HP radio set audio testing hardware platform andcompleted key algorithms, the platform can test the audio indicators accurately, meeindex testing of active radio, play a practical value in the battlefield and logisticguarantee, and has been used in army.
引文
[1]邢亚坤,吴国庆,李永贵.军用短波电台野战通用自动检测系统测试方法研究.现代电子技术, 2009.
[2]杨小牛,楼才义,徐建良.软件无线电原理与应用.电子工业出版社, 2001.
[3]李国,基于过采样技术提高ADC分辨率的研究与实现.计算机与工业出版社, 2005.
[4]顾文进,基于曲线拟合方法的失真度分析仪设计.电子测量技术, 2007.
[5]田耘,徐文波.XILINX FPGA开发实用教程, 2008.
[6]胡广书,数字信号处理.清华大学出版社, 2007.
[7]金莉萍,浅析现代音频基础测量技术, 2007.
[8] Xilinx, Inc.Virtex-5 LX Prototype platform user guide, 2006.10.
[9] Audio Precision Inc.公司产品系列说明, 2010.
[10] Xilinx, Inc.Virtex-5 FPGA Configuration User Guide, 2008.02.
[11]田耘,徐文波. ISE Design Suite 10.x FPGA开发指南逻辑设计篇, 2008.09.
[12] ADI, Inc.SSM2167 datasheet, 2002.
[13] TI, Inc.PGA206 datasheet, 1995.
[14] ADI, Inc. AD7367 datasheet, 2007.
[15] TI, Inc.PCM1681 datasheet, 2008.
[16] TI, Inc.OPA2134 datasheet, 2007.
[17] TI, Inc. OPA551 datasheet, 2003.
[18]马强.音频信号的分析与评价方法及实现.大连理工大学硕士学位论文, 2007.
[19]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.便携式电子设备电源设计与应用.人民邮电出版社, 2007.
[20]刘喆,基于C6727的高品质音频处理系统的硬件开发.天津大学硕士学位论文, 2008.
[21] B.Brannon, A Perture uncertainty and adc system Performance,Analog Device In Application Note 501. Available:http://www.analog.com.
[22] Linear Inc. LTC3832-1 datasheet, 1987.
[23] Fairchild semiconductor Inc. FDS6880A datasheet, 2004.
[24] TI, Inc. TPS6229x datasheet, 1993.
[25] Linear Inc.LT1054 datasheet, 1987.
[26] National Semiconductor Inc. LMK03033 datasheet, 2006.
[27] TI, Inc. SN74LVC8T245 datasheet, 2004.
[28] OMRON Inc. G6K-2F-5V datasheet, 2006.
[29] Philips Semiconductors Inc. 74HC4053 datashee, 2006.
[30]唐一焱.非编上载中正确选择平衡输入与非平衡输入.广播影视制作与播出, 2007.
[31]陈波,潘凌然,谢丽亚.浅谈平衡与非平衡接口.音响技术-专业音响, 2007.
[32] TI, Inc. OMAP3530DUCS datasheet, 2008.
[2]杨小牛,楼才义,徐建良.软件无线电原理与应用.电子工业出版社, 2001.
[3]李国,基于过采样技术提高ADC分辨率的研究与实现.计算机与工业出版社, 2005.
[4]顾文进,基于曲线拟合方法的失真度分析仪设计.电子测量技术, 2007.
[5]田耘,徐文波.XILINX FPGA开发实用教程, 2008.
[6]胡广书,数字信号处理.清华大学出版社, 2007.
[7]金莉萍,浅析现代音频基础测量技术, 2007.
[8] Xilinx, Inc.Virtex-5 LX Prototype platform user guide, 2006.10.
[9] Audio Precision Inc.公司产品系列说明, 2010.
[10] Xilinx, Inc.Virtex-5 FPGA Configuration User Guide, 2008.02.
[11]田耘,徐文波. ISE Design Suite 10.x FPGA开发指南逻辑设计篇, 2008.09.
[12] ADI, Inc.SSM2167 datasheet, 2002.
[13] TI, Inc.PGA206 datasheet, 1995.
[14] ADI, Inc. AD7367 datasheet, 2007.
[15] TI, Inc.PCM1681 datasheet, 2008.
[16] TI, Inc.OPA2134 datasheet, 2007.
[17] TI, Inc. OPA551 datasheet, 2003.
[18]马强.音频信号的分析与评价方法及实现.大连理工大学硕士学位论文, 2007.
[19]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.便携式电子设备电源设计与应用.人民邮电出版社, 2007.
[20]刘喆,基于C6727的高品质音频处理系统的硬件开发.天津大学硕士学位论文, 2008.
[21] B.Brannon, A Perture uncertainty and adc system Performance,Analog Device In Application Note 501. Available:http://www.analog.com.
[22] Linear Inc. LTC3832-1 datasheet, 1987.
[23] Fairchild semiconductor Inc. FDS6880A datasheet, 2004.
[24] TI, Inc. TPS6229x datasheet, 1993.
[25] Linear Inc.LT1054 datasheet, 1987.
[26] National Semiconductor Inc. LMK03033 datasheet, 2006.
[27] TI, Inc. SN74LVC8T245 datasheet, 2004.
[28] OMRON Inc. G6K-2F-5V datasheet, 2006.
[29] Philips Semiconductors Inc. 74HC4053 datashee, 2006.
[30]唐一焱.非编上载中正确选择平衡输入与非平衡输入.广播影视制作与播出, 2007.
[31]陈波,潘凌然,谢丽亚.浅谈平衡与非平衡接口.音响技术-专业音响, 2007.
[32] TI, Inc. OMAP3530DUCS datasheet, 2008.