酮肼交联反应在乳液聚合物中的应用研究
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摘要
本文主要研究了酮肼交联反应在乳液聚合制备白乳胶、涂料乳液及发型定型剂成膜聚合物中的应用。酮肼交联反应即利用酮羰基与肼及其衍生物缩合成腙的反应使聚合物发生交联,其优越性在于它可以制备出单组分乳液,只有在使用时干燥脱水之后才会发生常温自交联反应(无需加热,无需引发剂或催化剂),而在储存时不发生反应。
分别以具有代表性的两种物质双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)和己二酰肼(ADH)作为酮单体和肼单体。
制备白乳胶以DAAM和醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)为反应单体,采用聚乙烯醇为保护胶体,过硫酸钾为引发剂,乳液聚合法合成VAc-DAAM共聚物,然后加入ADH,其中VAc-DAAM共聚物上的酮羰基和ADH中的酰肼基在使用过程中脱水的情况下发生酮肼交联反应,从而提高白乳胶的耐水性、粘结强度及其它性能。通过改变DAAM加入量的比例和DAAM与ADH的单体配比、反应温度及引发剂用量等条件,以选取最优制备方法。所得乳液为白色乳状,pH值介于6-7之间,固含量在20%-25%之间,粘度2.2-67.0Pa·s。
制备涂料乳液以丙烯酸丁酯(BA),甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA),甲基丙烯酸(MAA)及DAAM为反应单体,以烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)为乳化剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,乳液聚合法合成该共聚物乳液。反应结束后加入ADH,并加入氨水调节乳液的pH值在7-9之间,以保证乳液的储存稳定性。通过改变DAAM的加入量及DAAM和ADH之间的单体配比、乳化剂及引发剂的加入量等,优化制备条件,并研究了乳液的性质,其乳液呈乳白色带蓝光,固含量在43%-49%之间,粘度0.2-2.5 Pa·s。
制备发型定型剂成膜聚合物以醋酸乙烯酯、巴豆酸(CA)和DAAM为单体,以聚乙烯醇为保护胶体,以过硫酸钾为引发剂,合成三元共聚物,反应结束加入ADH。通过改变DAAM的加入量及DAAM和ADH的配比、反应温度、及引发剂的加入量等,选取最优制备方法,并研究了乳液的性能,其乳液呈白色,pH值介于5-7之间,固含量在20%-25%之间,粘度6.8-27.9 Pa·s。
乳液聚合的产物经提纯后其红外(IR)谱图支持反应生成的共聚物以及失水交联后的产物的化学结构;其玻璃化温度(Tg)由差示扫描量热法(DSC)测出;其形态特征通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察。
Ketone and hydrazine cross-linking reaction is investigated in this paper.It can be applied in the preparation of white glue,coating latex and fixature film polymer which is used for hair styling.Single ingredient emulsion is prepared Cross-linking reaction arises between ketone carbonyl groups and hydrazine groups in the course of water drying during the so prepared emulsion being used,without adding initiator or catalyzer.The cross-linking reaction can not arise during the emulsion is stored.
Diacetone acrylamide and adipic dihydrazide are selected as the monomers to take part in the self-cross-linking emulsion polymerization.Certain quantity of diacetone acrylamide was added to copolymerize and to produce an emulsion containing ketone carbonyl groups. Then a certain proportion of adipic dihydrazide was mixed with the product.The adhesion strength,water resistance and other characteristic of the emulsion could be therefore raised.
DAAM and VAc were choosen as reaction monomers.Poly(vinyl alcohol)was used as the protective colloid and potassium persulfate as the initiator.DAAM-VAc copolymer was synthesized by emulsion polymerization.Then,ADH was added to the emulsion and fully blended to prepare the white glue after the reaction.Ketone carbonyl groups in DAAM-VAc copolymer and hydrazide groups in adipic dihydrazide occurred cross-linking reaction during losing water.Accordingly,performances of the copolymer could be enhanced such as water-resistant property,adhesive intensity and so on.Properties of the copolymer emulsion were studied by changing monomer quantity as well as monomer ratio of DAAM and ADH, reaction temperature and initiator doses.As a result,the preparation conditions were optimized.The emulsion product was white-colored,the pH value was between 6 and 7,the obtained solid content was between 20%-25%,and its viscosity was 2.2-67.0 Pa·s.
Tetrad copolymer was synthesized by emulsion polymerization in which BA,MMA, MAA and DAAM were selected as resction monomers.OP-10 and Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium(DBS)were used as emulsifiers,and potassium persulfate as the initiator.Then, ADH was added after the reaction to prepare polyacrylate emulsion in the same way as the first experiment.Ammonia was added to adjust the pH value between 7 and 9 in order to stabilize the emulsion.Properties of the emulsion were studied by changing monomer doses as well as monomer ratio of DAAM and ADH,emulsifier doses,initiator doses and reaction temperature.As a result,the preparation conditions were optimized.The emulsion product was white-colored and had blue radiation,the obtained solid content was between 45%-50%, and its viscosity was 0.2-2.5Pa.s.
Ternary copolymer was synthesized by emulsion polymerization in which CA,VAc,and DAAM were selected as resction monomers.Poly(vinyl alcohol)was used as the protective colloid and potassium persulfate as the initiator.Then,ADH was added to the emulsion to prepare film polymer which is used in hair styling.Properties of the emulsion were studied by changing monomer doses as well as monomer ratio of DAAM and ADH,reaction temperature and initiator doses.As a result,the preparation conditions were optimized.The emulsion product was white-colored,the pH value was between 6 and 7,the obtained solid content was between 20%-25%,and its viscosity was 0.8-18.3 Pa·s.
The copolymer obtained by emulsion polymerization and the product which became filming after adding ADH was identified by IR.The Tg was identified by DSC.The cross-linking structures and the latex particles were clearly observed by SEM.
分别以具有代表性的两种物质双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)和己二酰肼(ADH)作为酮单体和肼单体。
制备白乳胶以DAAM和醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)为反应单体,采用聚乙烯醇为保护胶体,过硫酸钾为引发剂,乳液聚合法合成VAc-DAAM共聚物,然后加入ADH,其中VAc-DAAM共聚物上的酮羰基和ADH中的酰肼基在使用过程中脱水的情况下发生酮肼交联反应,从而提高白乳胶的耐水性、粘结强度及其它性能。通过改变DAAM加入量的比例和DAAM与ADH的单体配比、反应温度及引发剂用量等条件,以选取最优制备方法。所得乳液为白色乳状,pH值介于6-7之间,固含量在20%-25%之间,粘度2.2-67.0Pa·s。
制备涂料乳液以丙烯酸丁酯(BA),甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA),甲基丙烯酸(MAA)及DAAM为反应单体,以烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)为乳化剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,乳液聚合法合成该共聚物乳液。反应结束后加入ADH,并加入氨水调节乳液的pH值在7-9之间,以保证乳液的储存稳定性。通过改变DAAM的加入量及DAAM和ADH之间的单体配比、乳化剂及引发剂的加入量等,优化制备条件,并研究了乳液的性质,其乳液呈乳白色带蓝光,固含量在43%-49%之间,粘度0.2-2.5 Pa·s。
制备发型定型剂成膜聚合物以醋酸乙烯酯、巴豆酸(CA)和DAAM为单体,以聚乙烯醇为保护胶体,以过硫酸钾为引发剂,合成三元共聚物,反应结束加入ADH。通过改变DAAM的加入量及DAAM和ADH的配比、反应温度、及引发剂的加入量等,选取最优制备方法,并研究了乳液的性能,其乳液呈白色,pH值介于5-7之间,固含量在20%-25%之间,粘度6.8-27.9 Pa·s。
乳液聚合的产物经提纯后其红外(IR)谱图支持反应生成的共聚物以及失水交联后的产物的化学结构;其玻璃化温度(Tg)由差示扫描量热法(DSC)测出;其形态特征通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察。
Ketone and hydrazine cross-linking reaction is investigated in this paper.It can be applied in the preparation of white glue,coating latex and fixature film polymer which is used for hair styling.Single ingredient emulsion is prepared Cross-linking reaction arises between ketone carbonyl groups and hydrazine groups in the course of water drying during the so prepared emulsion being used,without adding initiator or catalyzer.The cross-linking reaction can not arise during the emulsion is stored.
Diacetone acrylamide and adipic dihydrazide are selected as the monomers to take part in the self-cross-linking emulsion polymerization.Certain quantity of diacetone acrylamide was added to copolymerize and to produce an emulsion containing ketone carbonyl groups. Then a certain proportion of adipic dihydrazide was mixed with the product.The adhesion strength,water resistance and other characteristic of the emulsion could be therefore raised.
DAAM and VAc were choosen as reaction monomers.Poly(vinyl alcohol)was used as the protective colloid and potassium persulfate as the initiator.DAAM-VAc copolymer was synthesized by emulsion polymerization.Then,ADH was added to the emulsion and fully blended to prepare the white glue after the reaction.Ketone carbonyl groups in DAAM-VAc copolymer and hydrazide groups in adipic dihydrazide occurred cross-linking reaction during losing water.Accordingly,performances of the copolymer could be enhanced such as water-resistant property,adhesive intensity and so on.Properties of the copolymer emulsion were studied by changing monomer quantity as well as monomer ratio of DAAM and ADH, reaction temperature and initiator doses.As a result,the preparation conditions were optimized.The emulsion product was white-colored,the pH value was between 6 and 7,the obtained solid content was between 20%-25%,and its viscosity was 2.2-67.0 Pa·s.
Tetrad copolymer was synthesized by emulsion polymerization in which BA,MMA, MAA and DAAM were selected as resction monomers.OP-10 and Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium(DBS)were used as emulsifiers,and potassium persulfate as the initiator.Then, ADH was added after the reaction to prepare polyacrylate emulsion in the same way as the first experiment.Ammonia was added to adjust the pH value between 7 and 9 in order to stabilize the emulsion.Properties of the emulsion were studied by changing monomer doses as well as monomer ratio of DAAM and ADH,emulsifier doses,initiator doses and reaction temperature.As a result,the preparation conditions were optimized.The emulsion product was white-colored and had blue radiation,the obtained solid content was between 45%-50%, and its viscosity was 0.2-2.5Pa.s.
Ternary copolymer was synthesized by emulsion polymerization in which CA,VAc,and DAAM were selected as resction monomers.Poly(vinyl alcohol)was used as the protective colloid and potassium persulfate as the initiator.Then,ADH was added to the emulsion to prepare film polymer which is used in hair styling.Properties of the emulsion were studied by changing monomer doses as well as monomer ratio of DAAM and ADH,reaction temperature and initiator doses.As a result,the preparation conditions were optimized.The emulsion product was white-colored,the pH value was between 6 and 7,the obtained solid content was between 20%-25%,and its viscosity was 0.8-18.3 Pa·s.
The copolymer obtained by emulsion polymerization and the product which became filming after adding ADH was identified by IR.The Tg was identified by DSC.The cross-linking structures and the latex particles were clearly observed by SEM.
引文
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[3]林莉.双丙酮丙烯酰胺[J].精细与专用化学品,1999,(7):16-17
[4]迟蕾,陈以会,杜宗良,等.双丙酮丙烯酰胺的制备及在丙烯酸聚合物中的应用[J].纺织科技进展,2004(6):24-26
[5]吴才玉,尹盛.羟基丙烯酰胺的合成[J].精细石油化工,1998,(6):8
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[7]潘祖仁.高分子化学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.110-117
[8]刘方方,孙立明,牛魁哲,等.聚合物乳液交联的方法[J].河北化工,2000,(1):7-9
[9]Brooks B W,Wang J.Kinetics of seeded emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate with no added emulsifier[J].Polymer,1993,34(1):119-123
[10]张兴英,李齐芳.高分子科学实验[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003.284
[11]Blackey D C.Emulsion polymerization[M].London:Applied Science Publisher Limited,1975.7-11
[12]Monika S,Robert I,Claudia T.Photopolymers for rapid prototyping of soluble mold materials and molding of cellular biomaterials[J].Monatshefte Fur Chemie,2006,(137):843-853
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