CVT硬件在环仿真试验平台研究
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摘要
随着经济的发展,人们生活水平的提高,汽车已经成为人类社会重要的组成部分。汽车工业的发展,促使人们对汽车各项性能也提出了更高的要求。金属带式无级变速器(CVT)能连续改变速比的优良性能极大的改善了汽车的操纵性和舒适性,也提高了汽车的燃油经济性。其作为理想的汽车变速传动装置,具有广阔的发展前景和市场空间。
为了提高CVT的传动性能,获得合理的控制算法,人们尝试了多项努力。而对CVT传动性能的改进离不开实验的支持,因此对实验方法的研究逐渐得到人们的重视。对CVT的传动性能测试,最简单有效的方式就是将CVT直接安装到汽车上进行实验。但这种实验方法花费时间长、经济成本高,并且无法完成一些极端情况的测试。而CVT硬件在环仿真试验平台可以很好的解决这些问题。本文首先分析了CVT的基本结构和工作原理,通过分析CVT的传动过程来寻找对其传动性能进行检测的途径。在此基础上引入了硬件在环仿真理论,通过对硬件在环仿真原理的深入研究和分析,表明了利用硬件在环仿真理论来搭建CVT传动性能测试平台的可行性和优越性。
其次,结合CVT的传动原理和硬件在环仿真理论,通过分析比较不同元件之间的基本性能,对CVT硬件在环仿真试验平台的硬件设备进行选型。在CVT试验平台硬件构成基本确定的基础上,分析了试验平台控制系统的控制算法,并改进了基本的PID控制算法。同时详细研究了各控制模块的创建,并在建立MATLAB/Simulink模型的基础上,设计了其程序编写流程,为控制程序代码的编写提供理论指导。
最后,对搭建好的试验平台进行了硬件控制试验及分析。在此基础上,通过实车实验和试验台实验的比较分析来检测该试验平台对CVT传动性能进行测试的正确性。在试验平台调试结果满足实验要求的情况下,对一CVT成品进行仿真分析及性能评价。
论文的课题来源是湖南省科技计划重点项目(05GK2007),由湖南江麓容大车辆传动有限责任公司承接的“车用无级变速器(CVT)电液控制系统”项目。
With the development of economy, the automobile already become the important part of modern civilized society. The various performance of automobile have been highly required because of the development of automotive industry. The excellent performance of Metal Belt CVT that can continuously change ratio exceedingly improve the control and comfort of car, and also advance the performance of economy. The CVT as vehicle's ideal transmission equipment has extensive development future and market space.
To improve the transmission of CVT, and obtain right control arithmetic, people try various way and means. But the advance of CVT's transmission can not run short of test. So more and more people begin to regard the test means. It is simple and effective way to test the capability of CVT that put CVT on automobile. But according to this way must spend time and cost, and that can not accomplish some test of extreme instance. If we adopt Hardware-in-the-loop simulation Test-bed to test CVT, can solve the above problem.
The paper firstly analyse the basic structure and principle of CVT, and according to analyse the process of transmission search the best way to test CVT. In succession , introduce the theory of hardware-in-the-loop simulation, and by analyzing this simulation, indicate that it is possible and superior method that using hardware-in-the-loop simulation test the Power-train Performance of CVT.
Then, combining the performance with transmission of CVT and the theory of hardware-in-the-loop simulation, design the hardware of Test-bed on the basis of comparing the basic performance of different element. And on the basis of accomplishing the design of hardware, analyse the control arithmetic of Test-bed, and that improve PID. When compile the code of control program, for the sake of offering academic guidance, detailedly research the establishment of control mode, and that design the flow of control program on the basis of MATLAB/Simulink mode.
Finally, test and analyse the control capability of hardware on Test-bed. Following, analyse the correctness of the Test-bed according to comparing the experimental result of vehicle with CVT and Test-bed. At the end of this paper, simulate and analyse a CVT product and appraise the Power-train Performance of this CVT. The paper is based on the“Continuously variable transmission (CVT) electronic and hydraulic control system research”project. This project is undertaken by Hunan Jianglu&Rongda Vehicle Transmission CO., LTD. It’s one of the important research plans of Hunan province, its number is 05GK2007.
为了提高CVT的传动性能,获得合理的控制算法,人们尝试了多项努力。而对CVT传动性能的改进离不开实验的支持,因此对实验方法的研究逐渐得到人们的重视。对CVT的传动性能测试,最简单有效的方式就是将CVT直接安装到汽车上进行实验。但这种实验方法花费时间长、经济成本高,并且无法完成一些极端情况的测试。而CVT硬件在环仿真试验平台可以很好的解决这些问题。本文首先分析了CVT的基本结构和工作原理,通过分析CVT的传动过程来寻找对其传动性能进行检测的途径。在此基础上引入了硬件在环仿真理论,通过对硬件在环仿真原理的深入研究和分析,表明了利用硬件在环仿真理论来搭建CVT传动性能测试平台的可行性和优越性。
其次,结合CVT的传动原理和硬件在环仿真理论,通过分析比较不同元件之间的基本性能,对CVT硬件在环仿真试验平台的硬件设备进行选型。在CVT试验平台硬件构成基本确定的基础上,分析了试验平台控制系统的控制算法,并改进了基本的PID控制算法。同时详细研究了各控制模块的创建,并在建立MATLAB/Simulink模型的基础上,设计了其程序编写流程,为控制程序代码的编写提供理论指导。
最后,对搭建好的试验平台进行了硬件控制试验及分析。在此基础上,通过实车实验和试验台实验的比较分析来检测该试验平台对CVT传动性能进行测试的正确性。在试验平台调试结果满足实验要求的情况下,对一CVT成品进行仿真分析及性能评价。
论文的课题来源是湖南省科技计划重点项目(05GK2007),由湖南江麓容大车辆传动有限责任公司承接的“车用无级变速器(CVT)电液控制系统”项目。
With the development of economy, the automobile already become the important part of modern civilized society. The various performance of automobile have been highly required because of the development of automotive industry. The excellent performance of Metal Belt CVT that can continuously change ratio exceedingly improve the control and comfort of car, and also advance the performance of economy. The CVT as vehicle's ideal transmission equipment has extensive development future and market space.
To improve the transmission of CVT, and obtain right control arithmetic, people try various way and means. But the advance of CVT's transmission can not run short of test. So more and more people begin to regard the test means. It is simple and effective way to test the capability of CVT that put CVT on automobile. But according to this way must spend time and cost, and that can not accomplish some test of extreme instance. If we adopt Hardware-in-the-loop simulation Test-bed to test CVT, can solve the above problem.
The paper firstly analyse the basic structure and principle of CVT, and according to analyse the process of transmission search the best way to test CVT. In succession , introduce the theory of hardware-in-the-loop simulation, and by analyzing this simulation, indicate that it is possible and superior method that using hardware-in-the-loop simulation test the Power-train Performance of CVT.
Then, combining the performance with transmission of CVT and the theory of hardware-in-the-loop simulation, design the hardware of Test-bed on the basis of comparing the basic performance of different element. And on the basis of accomplishing the design of hardware, analyse the control arithmetic of Test-bed, and that improve PID. When compile the code of control program, for the sake of offering academic guidance, detailedly research the establishment of control mode, and that design the flow of control program on the basis of MATLAB/Simulink mode.
Finally, test and analyse the control capability of hardware on Test-bed. Following, analyse the correctness of the Test-bed according to comparing the experimental result of vehicle with CVT and Test-bed. At the end of this paper, simulate and analyse a CVT product and appraise the Power-train Performance of this CVT. The paper is based on the“Continuously variable transmission (CVT) electronic and hydraulic control system research”project. This project is undertaken by Hunan Jianglu&Rongda Vehicle Transmission CO., LTD. It’s one of the important research plans of Hunan province, its number is 05GK2007.
引文
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[2] 矢田恒二.ドライブトレインの變遷と最新技術動向.自動車技術,2002,56(9):39-44
[3] Masaki Nakano,Haruyoshi Kumura,Jun Sugihara,et al.Development of a Large Torque Capacity Half-Toroidal CVT.SAE,2000,01(0825):1-8
[4] 李春青,彭建中,吴彤峰.国内外汽车无级变速(CVT)技术的发展概况.广西工学院学报,2004,15(4):19-23
[5] 冯樱,罗永革,何晓春等.CVT-无级变速器的发展综述.湖北汽车工业学院学报,1999,13(4):15-18
[6] 张柏英.金属带式无级变速传动机理与控制的研究:[吉林工业大学博士学位论文].吉林长春:吉林工业大学汽车工程学院,2002,2-72
[7] 高路,于海斌,王宏.汽车无级变速器原理与控制.机械科学与技术,2005,24(4):423-426
[8] 杨妙梁.无级变速器(CVT)发展动向.汽车与配件,2003,21(1):18-21
[9] 张晓丰.汽车发动机电子控制系统的半实物仿真研究:[大连理工大学硕士论文]. 辽宁大连:大连理工大学汽车工程学院,2004,1-15
[10] Yoshihiro Ono,Masao Goto,Ryuuki Yamashita,et al. The Durability and Reliability of Variators for a Dual-cavity Full-toroidal CVT.SAE,2000,01(0826):1-7
[11] 余志生.汽车理论.北京:机械工业出版社,2004,1-70
[12] 陈家瑞.汽车构造(下册).北京:机械工业出版社,2005,1-156
[13] 薛殿伦,王红岩,王立公等.金属带式无级变速汽车的建模与性能仿真.农业机械学报,2003,34(6):4-8
[14] Chiu-Feng Lin,Chyuan-Yow Tseng,Tsai-Wen Tseng. A hardware-in-the-loop dynamics simulator for motorcycle rapid controller prototyping.Control Engineering Practice,2006,14(1):1467-1476
[15] Darcy Bullock,Brain Johnson,Richard B. Wells,et al. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation.Transportation Research Part C,2004,12(2):73-89
[16] Zijad Lemes,Andreas Vath,Th.Hartkopf,et al. Dynamic fuel cell models and their application in hardware in the loop simulation.Journal of Power Sources,2006,154(2):386-393
[17] 潘炜.ABS 及自动变速箱的半实物仿真:[大连理工大学硕士论文].辽宁大连:大连理工大学汽车工程学院,2004,35-49
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