葡北三断块套损井综合防治现场技术研究
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摘要
在油田开发过程中,油水井的套管的变形和损害严重影响了原油的正常生产,对油田稳产造成了很大的威胁,同时也给油田带来了巨大的经济损失,葡萄花油田自1978年投入开发以来,已有169口油水井因套管损坏而报废,套管损坏后带病生产的井有270口,而且套管损坏井仍以每年20～30口的速度增加,葡萄花油田北部(以下简称“葡北油田”)是葡萄花油田套损最严重的地区,目前累计套损井335口,占采油七厂总套损井数的75.11%。三断块是葡北油田套管损坏的主要区块,套损率较高,其中基础井网套损率已达44.3%,油水井套管损坏已是制约油田开发效益提高的重要因素。
本文通过对葡北油田三断块套损井的分类分析,研究了套管损坏井在纵向、横向及套损类型上的分布规律,套损部位岩性的特点,发现在纵向上套损井主要分布在射孔井段内和射孔井段以上泥页岩地层中。在平面上套损井仍然主要分布在断层两侧,局部区域发生成片套损。套损点岩性以泥岩为主。根据套损井的分布规律和套损特点,综合分析了不同类型,不同部位套损形成的主要原因,探讨了油水井套管损坏形成机理,认为造成油水井套管损坏变形的原因很多,主要是由地质因素,工程因素及腐蚀因素等造成的,但其实质上都是压力不平衡所导致的。地层孔隙压力预测技术是合理控制分层压力的关键,通过筛选分析,确定了利用三曲线法来预测地层孔隙压力的办法,并以预测结果为基础,结合油田开发实际状况,综合利用注水结构调整,泄压措施治理,平面压力调整等方法来调整压力分布状况,使平面、纵向的压力结构趋于平衡,从而消除了套损发生隐患,套损治理效果明显,并为今后套损防护工作提供了理论依据。
As the oil field development, distortion and the harm of the oil and water well casing has affected regular production of the crude oil seriously, has posed the very big threat to the stable production of oil field, simultaneously has also created the huge economic loss to the oil field, Putaohua oil field began to develop since 1978, had 169 oil and water wells to discard because of the damage of the casing, in spite of the damage of casings,there are also 270 wells to produce , moreover the well of casing damage still increase in the speed of 20-30 every year, the north of the Putaohua oil field (as follow refers to as“the north of Putaohua oil field”) was the most serious area of wrap damages, at present the wells of casing damage accumulate to 335. They occupie 75.11% to the number of total casing damage wells of No 7 oil extracting factory. No 3 fault block is the main area of casings damage in Pubei oil field, the rate of casing damage is higher, in which casing damage rate of foundation well pattern has reached 44.3%, the damage of oil and water well are the important fact which restricts to enhance the benefit of oil-field development.
This article classified analysis wells of casing damages of No 3 fault block in Pubei oil field, has studied the distributed rule of drive pipe damage well in longitudinal, crosswise and the type of wrap damages, lothological characteristic of the spot of the wrap damages, and discovered in the longitudinal wrap damages the well mainly to distribute the perforated interval and he mud shale stratum above the perforated interval . The well of wrap damaged in the plane still mainly to distribute in the fault both sides, Large expanse of wrap damage in the partial region. The lithological character of spot of wrap damage mainly is the mudstone. Damages. According to the distributed rule of the wells of wrap damage and the characteristic, by generalized analysising different type, the primary cause of disfigurement in different spot, discussed the oil water well drive casing damage to form the mechanism, which find the oil water well casing damage and distorted to be very many, mainly was by the geologic agent, the engineering factor and the corrosion factor and so on, but in its essence was by unbalanced the pressure to cause. The stratum pore pressure forecasting technology is the key or reasonable control lamination pressure, by the screening analysis, had determined to use three curve law to forecast the stratum pore pressure, and by the result of forecast the foundation, the union oil-field development actual condition, the comprehensive utilization of irrigation structure adjustment, the government of decompression measure, plane pressure setting and so on to adjust the pressure distribution condition, enable the plane, the longitudinal pressure texture to tend to the balance, thus eliminated the hidden danger of the wrap damage, the government effect of the wrap damages to be obvious, and make the protection of damage work for the next wrap to provide the theory basis.
本文通过对葡北油田三断块套损井的分类分析,研究了套管损坏井在纵向、横向及套损类型上的分布规律,套损部位岩性的特点,发现在纵向上套损井主要分布在射孔井段内和射孔井段以上泥页岩地层中。在平面上套损井仍然主要分布在断层两侧,局部区域发生成片套损。套损点岩性以泥岩为主。根据套损井的分布规律和套损特点,综合分析了不同类型,不同部位套损形成的主要原因,探讨了油水井套管损坏形成机理,认为造成油水井套管损坏变形的原因很多,主要是由地质因素,工程因素及腐蚀因素等造成的,但其实质上都是压力不平衡所导致的。地层孔隙压力预测技术是合理控制分层压力的关键,通过筛选分析,确定了利用三曲线法来预测地层孔隙压力的办法,并以预测结果为基础,结合油田开发实际状况,综合利用注水结构调整,泄压措施治理,平面压力调整等方法来调整压力分布状况,使平面、纵向的压力结构趋于平衡,从而消除了套损发生隐患,套损治理效果明显,并为今后套损防护工作提供了理论依据。
As the oil field development, distortion and the harm of the oil and water well casing has affected regular production of the crude oil seriously, has posed the very big threat to the stable production of oil field, simultaneously has also created the huge economic loss to the oil field, Putaohua oil field began to develop since 1978, had 169 oil and water wells to discard because of the damage of the casing, in spite of the damage of casings,there are also 270 wells to produce , moreover the well of casing damage still increase in the speed of 20-30 every year, the north of the Putaohua oil field (as follow refers to as“the north of Putaohua oil field”) was the most serious area of wrap damages, at present the wells of casing damage accumulate to 335. They occupie 75.11% to the number of total casing damage wells of No 7 oil extracting factory. No 3 fault block is the main area of casings damage in Pubei oil field, the rate of casing damage is higher, in which casing damage rate of foundation well pattern has reached 44.3%, the damage of oil and water well are the important fact which restricts to enhance the benefit of oil-field development.
This article classified analysis wells of casing damages of No 3 fault block in Pubei oil field, has studied the distributed rule of drive pipe damage well in longitudinal, crosswise and the type of wrap damages, lothological characteristic of the spot of the wrap damages, and discovered in the longitudinal wrap damages the well mainly to distribute the perforated interval and he mud shale stratum above the perforated interval . The well of wrap damaged in the plane still mainly to distribute in the fault both sides, Large expanse of wrap damage in the partial region. The lithological character of spot of wrap damage mainly is the mudstone. Damages. According to the distributed rule of the wells of wrap damage and the characteristic, by generalized analysising different type, the primary cause of disfigurement in different spot, discussed the oil water well drive casing damage to form the mechanism, which find the oil water well casing damage and distorted to be very many, mainly was by the geologic agent, the engineering factor and the corrosion factor and so on, but in its essence was by unbalanced the pressure to cause. The stratum pore pressure forecasting technology is the key or reasonable control lamination pressure, by the screening analysis, had determined to use three curve law to forecast the stratum pore pressure, and by the result of forecast the foundation, the union oil-field development actual condition, the comprehensive utilization of irrigation structure adjustment, the government of decompression measure, plane pressure setting and so on to adjust the pressure distribution condition, enable the plane, the longitudinal pressure texture to tend to the balance, thus eliminated the hidden danger of the wrap damage, the government effect of the wrap damages to be obvious, and make the protection of damage work for the next wrap to provide the theory basis.
引文
[1]黄福堂.松辽盆地油气水地球化学.石油工业出版社,1999
[2]高瑞祺,蔡希源,等.松辽盆地油气田形成条件与分布规律.石油工业出版社,1997
[3]侯读杰,冯子辉,王铁冠,等.松辽盆地石油地球化学研究新进展.石油工业出版社,1999
[4]王启民,等.喇嘛甸层状砂岩气顶油藏.石油工业出版社,1996
[5]韩景江,魏月芝,裴秀玲.喇嘛甸油田萨零组精细地质描述.大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(2):9～11
[6]许运新.喇嘛甸油田气顶原始油气界面划分依据与气藏特征.天然气工业,1991,11(3):8～12
[7]陈建平,何忠华,魏志彬,等.银额盆地查干凹陷原油地划特征及油源对比.沉积学报,2001,19(2):299～304
[8]李振广,李景坤,宋桂侠.多元统计分析在油源对比中的应用.新疆石油地质,2004,25(3):262～263
[9]朱光有,金强,周建林,等.济阳坳陷胜坨油田原油形成及其成因探讨.石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1):9～13
[10]卢鸿,冯小杰.油源对比常规方法的使用误区.西安工程学院学报,2000,22(2):56～59
[11]徐龙,李贵年,白亿平,等.复杂断块油田措施挖潜方法.油气田地面工程,2004,第4期,20～21
[12]石彦民,于俊利,廖前进,等.黄骅坳陷孔西地区油气的地球化学特征及油源初探.石油学报,1998,19(2):5～11
[13]许运新.大庆长垣北部萨零组油气层浅层气分布特征与开发利用.石油勘探与开发,1990,第4期,45～54
[14]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院.长垣北部萨零组油气藏地质特征研究.2001
[15]吴伟,辛志良,等.四方坨子油田开发实践与认识.大庆油田地质与开发,2001,第1期,28～31
[16]庞雄奇.含油气盆地地史、热史、生留排烃史及烃源岩定量评价.石油工业出版社,1994
[17]赵国忠,王曙光,尹芝林,等.大庆长垣多学科油藏研究技术与应用.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(5):78～81
[18]房宝才,梅启太,张玉广,等.国外油田提高采收率技术进展.上海辞书出版社,2003.12
[19]潘长春,傅家谟,盛国英,等.准噶尔盆地腹部油气藏油源的确定及其意义.石油学报,1999,20(5):27～32
[20]梁春秀,刘子良,马立文,等.裂缝性砂岩油藏周期注水实践.大庆油田地质与开发,2002,第2期,24～26
[21]大庆石油管理局内部报告.松辽盆地北部不同成因类型天然气地球化学特征和早期资源评价,1989
[22]徐文锋,杨丽英,等.非均质砂岩油藏高含水期剩余油分布规律.国外油田工程,2004,第1期,16～18
[23]刘玉凤,赵雅峰,刘姓彬,等。固井质量评价测井技术综述.油气田地面工程,2004,第8期,61
[24] Geologic factors and games affecting drilling security in Fault-Block oilfield [M], Zhang Dongjie, Wang Lingyun, Liu Guanghua and Li Yanling, 2004
[25] Peters K E, Modowan J M. The biomarker Guide: Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments [M], Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1993
[26] Radke M. Organic geochemistry of aromatic hydrocarbons [A].In: Brooks J, Welte D, eds. Advances in petroleum geochemistry [C]. New York: Academic Press,1987,2:141～207, 2004
[27] Study of remaining oil’s distribution rules in high Water-Cut and nonhomogeneous sandstone reservoir [M], Xu Wenfeng, Yang Liying and Du Zhenhui,2004
[28] Damage analysis of container rock in Peripheral low permeable oil field of Daqing [M], Ding haitao, Yan jianwen, Du zhenxue,2002
[29] Factors effecting the Water flooding reservoir in Low permeable reservoirs [M], Song Fuquan, Liu Ciqun,2000
[30] Reason of casing damage and Workover effect [M], Yao Hongtian, Wang Wei,Bian Zhijia, 2001
[2]高瑞祺,蔡希源,等.松辽盆地油气田形成条件与分布规律.石油工业出版社,1997
[3]侯读杰,冯子辉,王铁冠,等.松辽盆地石油地球化学研究新进展.石油工业出版社,1999
[4]王启民,等.喇嘛甸层状砂岩气顶油藏.石油工业出版社,1996
[5]韩景江,魏月芝,裴秀玲.喇嘛甸油田萨零组精细地质描述.大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(2):9～11
[6]许运新.喇嘛甸油田气顶原始油气界面划分依据与气藏特征.天然气工业,1991,11(3):8～12
[7]陈建平,何忠华,魏志彬,等.银额盆地查干凹陷原油地划特征及油源对比.沉积学报,2001,19(2):299～304
[8]李振广,李景坤,宋桂侠.多元统计分析在油源对比中的应用.新疆石油地质,2004,25(3):262～263
[9]朱光有,金强,周建林,等.济阳坳陷胜坨油田原油形成及其成因探讨.石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1):9～13
[10]卢鸿,冯小杰.油源对比常规方法的使用误区.西安工程学院学报,2000,22(2):56～59
[11]徐龙,李贵年,白亿平,等.复杂断块油田措施挖潜方法.油气田地面工程,2004,第4期,20～21
[12]石彦民,于俊利,廖前进,等.黄骅坳陷孔西地区油气的地球化学特征及油源初探.石油学报,1998,19(2):5～11
[13]许运新.大庆长垣北部萨零组油气层浅层气分布特征与开发利用.石油勘探与开发,1990,第4期,45～54
[14]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院.长垣北部萨零组油气藏地质特征研究.2001
[15]吴伟,辛志良,等.四方坨子油田开发实践与认识.大庆油田地质与开发,2001,第1期,28～31
[16]庞雄奇.含油气盆地地史、热史、生留排烃史及烃源岩定量评价.石油工业出版社,1994
[17]赵国忠,王曙光,尹芝林,等.大庆长垣多学科油藏研究技术与应用.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(5):78～81
[18]房宝才,梅启太,张玉广,等.国外油田提高采收率技术进展.上海辞书出版社,2003.12
[19]潘长春,傅家谟,盛国英,等.准噶尔盆地腹部油气藏油源的确定及其意义.石油学报,1999,20(5):27～32
[20]梁春秀,刘子良,马立文,等.裂缝性砂岩油藏周期注水实践.大庆油田地质与开发,2002,第2期,24～26
[21]大庆石油管理局内部报告.松辽盆地北部不同成因类型天然气地球化学特征和早期资源评价,1989
[22]徐文锋,杨丽英,等.非均质砂岩油藏高含水期剩余油分布规律.国外油田工程,2004,第1期,16～18
[23]刘玉凤,赵雅峰,刘姓彬,等。固井质量评价测井技术综述.油气田地面工程,2004,第8期,61
[24] Geologic factors and games affecting drilling security in Fault-Block oilfield [M], Zhang Dongjie, Wang Lingyun, Liu Guanghua and Li Yanling, 2004
[25] Peters K E, Modowan J M. The biomarker Guide: Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments [M], Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1993
[26] Radke M. Organic geochemistry of aromatic hydrocarbons [A].In: Brooks J, Welte D, eds. Advances in petroleum geochemistry [C]. New York: Academic Press,1987,2:141～207, 2004
[27] Study of remaining oil’s distribution rules in high Water-Cut and nonhomogeneous sandstone reservoir [M], Xu Wenfeng, Yang Liying and Du Zhenhui,2004
[28] Damage analysis of container rock in Peripheral low permeable oil field of Daqing [M], Ding haitao, Yan jianwen, Du zhenxue,2002
[29] Factors effecting the Water flooding reservoir in Low permeable reservoirs [M], Song Fuquan, Liu Ciqun,2000
[30] Reason of casing damage and Workover effect [M], Yao Hongtian, Wang Wei,Bian Zhijia, 2001