LHSS-EOS在富含硫化氢凝析气藏动态相态特征分析中的应用研究
|
摘要
富含硫化氢凝析气藏有效、高效的开发一直以来都是复杂凝析气藏开发与开采过程中的一个探索性课题，发展和完善酸性凝析气藏安全高效开发配套技术，对于实现酸性凝析气藏的长期稳定生产有着十分重要的意义。
富含硫化氢凝析气藏属于含酸性气体的特殊气藏，它的开发既要求能获得较高的天然气采收率，又希望能获得较高的凝析油采收率，同时还要考虑到硫化氢等酸性物质的影响。受酸性凝析气藏流体特殊相态特性的影响，首先要找到适合于描述和分析富含硫化氢凝析气藏相态特性的状态方程，来解决其两相区特殊PVT性质，经典和非经典的状态方程要描述酸性油气藏流体都存在一定困难，但是比较发现，现有的状态方程模型基本可以满足工业需要，在经典的状态方程基础上进行改进的话，更能有效地解决富含H_2S的酸性凝析气藏油气体系的实际相态问题。同时还要解决轻烃回收的问题，即对富含硫化氢凝析气藏进行一体化动态相态分析，将地下、地面进行统一。因此，本文通过大量调研，总结了国内外对富含硫化氢凝析气藏的研究现状，针对其流体特殊的性质，开展更为有效的解决富含硫化氢凝析油气体系相态特征预测以及轻烃回收的技术方法研究，具有重要的实际意义。
本文在雷三气藏中21井、中40井两口典型井有代表性井流物样品的基础上，通过局部相图的实验测定和相态软件包的相图拟合计算，获得了气藏目前开采状态下的基础数据；同时运用油气两相相平衡理论基础，分别建立了油气体系静态和动态相平衡模型；动态相平衡模型中最重要的是动态相图预测模拟器，它通过对油气藏衰竭开采过程中采出井流物和地层剩余流体相图形态变化的预测，说明了凝析气藏反凝析过程对地层剩余流体和井流物露点压力的影响程度；
通过对相态实验结果的最优化拟合和流体热力学参数场的匹配，优选了适合于雷三气藏高含硫、低含凝析油型油气体系相态模拟计算的状态方程热力学模型，将一个改进的四参数三次状态方程(LHSS-EOS)应用于富含硫化氢凝析气藏地层烃类体系相态模拟计算，并与不同状态方程相对比，分析了不同状态方程的结构与适应性关系，得出结论是采用改进的LHSS四参数三次状态方程用于所研究的富含H_2S凝析气藏烃类体系可以得到更好的拟合效果。
另外，气藏流体整体相态模拟计算，对气藏不同开采期地面常温、深冷分离装置中的凝析油和轻烃产量进行了动态预测，获得了气藏衰竭开采期采出气中凝析油和轻烃产量的变化规律，为轻烃回收工艺流程的改造工程建设，回收工作制度的优选，轻烃产品结构分析及增压—膨胀制冷回收凝析油的可能性提供了参考依据；并通过凝析油气体系采收率的相态模拟计算，为数值模拟预测采收率的评价分析，提供了参比基础。
It's a difficult trial test to exploit complicated gas condensate reservoir effectively which highly containing H_2S all the time, a 雷三 o it's significant to develop and consummate acidty gas condensate reservoir exploitation complete technology which can realize long-term settled production.
The gas condensate reservoir which highly containing H_2S is a typic sour gas reservoir, the exploitation of it has to get high gas recovery, high condensate oil recovery ,a 雷三 o.the influence of sour gas like H_2S is a most important factor. we must find out a suitable equation-of-state to describle and analyses it's phase behavior and to solve it's typic PVT property in two-phase region. Neither classic nor non-classic equation of state is difficult to describe phase behavior of fluid.It's found out that the existing state equation model can satisfy industry request,it can solve practical problem of this typic sour gas reservoir which highly containing H_2S more effectively through improving on the base of classical equation-of-state.At the same time,the light hydrocarbon recovering problem has to be resolved,making unitization dynamic phase state analyses about gas condensate reservoir which highly containing H2S,letting underground and ground be unified. So, through a great deal of studing,this paper has summarized existing research both home and abroad about gas condensate reservoir which highly containing H2S,developed effective reseach relative to it's specific property.
Based on the 雷三 gas reservoir media well 21 and 40,this paper has obtained gas reservoir present exploitation basic data though local phase graphic experimental determination and phase state software package phase diagram matching computation;meanwhile,this paper has established oil-gas system static state and dynamic phase equilibria model.In the dynamic equilibria model, the dynamic phase diagram prediction simulator is the most important part, it has explained the incidence about retrograde condensation to residual fluid and dew-point pressure.
Though phase experimental result optimizing matching and fluid thermodynamic parameter field matching, this paper has optimized phase behavior simulation computational equation of state thermodynamic model which is suitable for 雷三 gas reservoir high in sulfur,low in condensate oil system. A advanced four parameters cubic equation of state(LHSS-EOS) has been used to simulate phase behair of a gas condensate reservoir hydrocarbon system which highly containing H_2S, compare LHSS-EOS with other equation, analyses the structure and flexibility of different equation-of -state, the result indicates that LHSS is better than other equation-of state in the critical region phase diagram computation of the gas condensate reservoir hydrocarbon system which highly high H_2S.
In addition,the reservoir fluid bulk phase state simulation has proceeded dynamic prediction towards different production life,ground nomal temperature,condensate oil in cryogenic separation tackle and light hydrocarbon production rate,obtained condensate oil in depletion production gas and varied rule about light hydrocarbon production,it has offered reference frame for modification works of light hydrocarbon
富含硫化氢凝析气藏属于含酸性气体的特殊气藏，它的开发既要求能获得较高的天然气采收率，又希望能获得较高的凝析油采收率，同时还要考虑到硫化氢等酸性物质的影响。受酸性凝析气藏流体特殊相态特性的影响，首先要找到适合于描述和分析富含硫化氢凝析气藏相态特性的状态方程，来解决其两相区特殊PVT性质，经典和非经典的状态方程要描述酸性油气藏流体都存在一定困难，但是比较发现，现有的状态方程模型基本可以满足工业需要，在经典的状态方程基础上进行改进的话，更能有效地解决富含H_2S的酸性凝析气藏油气体系的实际相态问题。同时还要解决轻烃回收的问题，即对富含硫化氢凝析气藏进行一体化动态相态分析，将地下、地面进行统一。因此，本文通过大量调研，总结了国内外对富含硫化氢凝析气藏的研究现状，针对其流体特殊的性质，开展更为有效的解决富含硫化氢凝析油气体系相态特征预测以及轻烃回收的技术方法研究，具有重要的实际意义。
本文在雷三气藏中21井、中40井两口典型井有代表性井流物样品的基础上，通过局部相图的实验测定和相态软件包的相图拟合计算，获得了气藏目前开采状态下的基础数据；同时运用油气两相相平衡理论基础，分别建立了油气体系静态和动态相平衡模型；动态相平衡模型中最重要的是动态相图预测模拟器，它通过对油气藏衰竭开采过程中采出井流物和地层剩余流体相图形态变化的预测，说明了凝析气藏反凝析过程对地层剩余流体和井流物露点压力的影响程度；
通过对相态实验结果的最优化拟合和流体热力学参数场的匹配，优选了适合于雷三气藏高含硫、低含凝析油型油气体系相态模拟计算的状态方程热力学模型，将一个改进的四参数三次状态方程(LHSS-EOS)应用于富含硫化氢凝析气藏地层烃类体系相态模拟计算，并与不同状态方程相对比，分析了不同状态方程的结构与适应性关系，得出结论是采用改进的LHSS四参数三次状态方程用于所研究的富含H_2S凝析气藏烃类体系可以得到更好的拟合效果。
另外，气藏流体整体相态模拟计算，对气藏不同开采期地面常温、深冷分离装置中的凝析油和轻烃产量进行了动态预测，获得了气藏衰竭开采期采出气中凝析油和轻烃产量的变化规律，为轻烃回收工艺流程的改造工程建设，回收工作制度的优选，轻烃产品结构分析及增压—膨胀制冷回收凝析油的可能性提供了参考依据；并通过凝析油气体系采收率的相态模拟计算，为数值模拟预测采收率的评价分析，提供了参比基础。
It's a difficult trial test to exploit complicated gas condensate reservoir effectively which highly containing H_2S all the time, a 雷三 o it's significant to develop and consummate acidty gas condensate reservoir exploitation complete technology which can realize long-term settled production.
The gas condensate reservoir which highly containing H_2S is a typic sour gas reservoir, the exploitation of it has to get high gas recovery, high condensate oil recovery ,a 雷三 o.the influence of sour gas like H_2S is a most important factor. we must find out a suitable equation-of-state to describle and analyses it's phase behavior and to solve it's typic PVT property in two-phase region. Neither classic nor non-classic equation of state is difficult to describe phase behavior of fluid.It's found out that the existing state equation model can satisfy industry request,it can solve practical problem of this typic sour gas reservoir which highly containing H_2S more effectively through improving on the base of classical equation-of-state.At the same time,the light hydrocarbon recovering problem has to be resolved,making unitization dynamic phase state analyses about gas condensate reservoir which highly containing H2S,letting underground and ground be unified. So, through a great deal of studing,this paper has summarized existing research both home and abroad about gas condensate reservoir which highly containing H2S,developed effective reseach relative to it's specific property.
Based on the 雷三 gas reservoir media well 21 and 40,this paper has obtained gas reservoir present exploitation basic data though local phase graphic experimental determination and phase state software package phase diagram matching computation;meanwhile,this paper has established oil-gas system static state and dynamic phase equilibria model.In the dynamic equilibria model, the dynamic phase diagram prediction simulator is the most important part, it has explained the incidence about retrograde condensation to residual fluid and dew-point pressure.
Though phase experimental result optimizing matching and fluid thermodynamic parameter field matching, this paper has optimized phase behavior simulation computational equation of state thermodynamic model which is suitable for 雷三 gas reservoir high in sulfur,low in condensate oil system. A advanced four parameters cubic equation of state(LHSS-EOS) has been used to simulate phase behair of a gas condensate reservoir hydrocarbon system which highly containing H_2S, compare LHSS-EOS with other equation, analyses the structure and flexibility of different equation-of -state, the result indicates that LHSS is better than other equation-of state in the critical region phase diagram computation of the gas condensate reservoir hydrocarbon system which highly high H_2S.
In addition,the reservoir fluid bulk phase state simulation has proceeded dynamic prediction towards different production life,ground nomal temperature,condensate oil in cryogenic separation tackle and light hydrocarbon production rate,obtained condensate oil in depletion production gas and varied rule about light hydrocarbon production,it has offered reference frame for modification works of light hydrocarbon
引文
[1] 李世伦．我国气田、凝析气田开发技术展望．天然气工业．1997，17(1)：28—31
[2] 朱光有，张水昌，梁英波等．天然气中高含H2S的成因及其预测．地质科学．2006，41(1)：152—157
[3] 朱光有，戴金星，张水昌等．中国含H_2S天然气的研究及勘探前景．天然气工业．24(9)：1—4
[4] 戴金星，胡见义，贾承造等．科学安全勘探开发高硫化氢天然气田的建议．石油勘探与开发．2004，31(2)：1—4
[5] 朱光有，张永昌，李剑等．中国高含硫天然气的形成及其分布．石油勘探与开发．2004，31(3)：18—21
[6] 陈卫东，郭天民．近临界油气藏流体相行为研究的现状．石油勘探与开发．1996，23(1)：76—80
[7] 潘焕泉，郭天民．近临界区流体相态和热力学性质研究现状及发展趋势．化学工程．1996，24(1)：47—52
[8] 罗凯，钟太贤．试论近临界凝析气在PVT筒中的分层现象．石油勘探与开发．1999．26(1)：68—72
[9] 杨涛，郭天民．非经典近临界流体相态行为的研究．石油大学学报(自然科学版)．1996，20(4)：116—121
[10] 胡英．近代化工热力学应用研究的新进展．上海科学技术文献出版社．1994：179—202
[11] Peneloux, A. and Rauzy, E., et al. Consist correction for RKS volumes, Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1982, 8:7-23
[12] Mathias, P, M. and Naheiri, T., et al. A density correlation for the peng-robinson equation of state. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1989,47:77-87
[13] Chou, G. F. and Prausnitz, J. M. A phenomenological correction to an equation of state for the critical region, AICHE J. 1989, 35(9):1487—1496
[14] 王利生．流体的高压相平衡与传递性质．科学出版社．2002：12—14
[15] De Pablo J J, Prausnitz J M. AICHE J, 1988, 34
[16] Piter Z S, Schrejber D R. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1988, 41:1
[17] Solimando, R. and Neau, E., et al. Modelling of the phase behavior mixtures in the critical region using the augmented peng-robinson equation of state. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1993 (82) :369-377
[18] Julian Y. Zuo, Dan Zhang Plus Fraction Characterization and PVT Data Regression for Reservoir Fluids near Critical Conditions. SPE 64520
[19] E. Gorodetsky&M. Panfilov. Near-Critical Mode雷三 of Thermodynamic Behavior for Gas-Condensate Mixtures. SPE 60177
[20] C. J. Kedge, M. A. Trebble. Improvements to a new equation of state for pure components. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 2004(217) :257-262
[21] C. J. Kedgel, M. A. Trebble. An empirical near-critical correction for cubic and non-cubic equations of state. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 2002 : 401-409
[22] 王利生．状态方程及其应用于适于天然气相平衡计算的有关进展．天然气与石油化工．2002，25(3)：35—40
[23] 楚纪正等，凝析气藏流体相态行为的实验研究，石油大学学报(自然科学版)．1994，18(4)：88-94
[24] Pan, H. Q. and Guo, T. M.:A modified kuribara mixing rule and a comparison of density independent mixing rules, the chem.. Enf, f. 1995,99
[25] Wagnet W, et al. The Thermai Behavior of Pure Fluid Substances in the Critical Region. Experiences From PPT Measurements on SF6 with a Multi-Cell Apparatus. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1992,79:151
[26] Scott R L. The Thermodynamics of Critical Phnomena in Fluid Mixtures. Ber Buneenges Phys Chem. 1972, 76:296
[27] Sengers J V. et al. Thermodynamic Behavior of Fluids Near the Critical Point. Ann Rev Phys Chem. 1986, 37:189
[28] Wi 雷三 on K G. The Renormalization Group and Critical Phenomena. Rev. Mod Phys. 1983, 55:583
[29] Schofield P. Parametric Representation of the Equation of State Near a Critical Point. Phys Rev Lett. 1969, 22:606
[30] Griffiths R B. et al. Critical Poins in Multicomponent Systems. Phys Rev A. 1970, 2:1047
[31] Moldover M R. et al. Critical Points of Mixtures:An Anology With Pure Fluids. AICHE J. 1978,24:267
[32] Fox H R, Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1987,37:123
[33] De Pablo J J, Prausnita J M, Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1989,50:101
[34] Vine M D, et al. A Method for Introduing Scaling Behavior into a Classical Equation of State. J Chem Sec Faraday Tran. 1993, 89(1):69
[35] 施有政等．中坝气田雷三气藏地质特征
[36] 李光舜等．中坝气田雷三气藏试采总结报告
[37] 何更生等．油层物理．石油工业出版社．1993：75～76
[38] 李士伦等．注气提高石油采收率技术．四川科学技术出版社。2001：66—67
[39] 沈平平，韩冬．油藏流体的PVT与相态．石油工业出版社．1999：100-125
[40] 钟太贤，袁士义，周龙军等．含硫天然气相态及渗流．石油勘探与开发．2004，31(5)：109—111
[41] 李世伦，孙雷等．凝析气藏相态计算软件包研制
[42] 金晓辉，杨宝星．油藏流体状态方程研究与应用．地质地球化学．2001，29(1)：46-51
[43] 喻西崇，赵金洲．邬亚玲等．PVT状态方程的选择和分析．油气储运．2001，13(2)：32-37
[45] 郭天民等．多元汽液平衡和精馏．石油工业出版社．2002：125—132
[46] 李士伦等．天然气工程．石油工业出版社．2000：59—62
[47] 唐迎春，陈保东，王凯等．P—R方程在天然气热物性计算中的应用．石油化工高等学校学报．2005，18(2)：17—22
[48] 傅献彩，沈文霞，姚天扬等．物理化学．人民教育出版社．1982：31—32
[49] 赵金诚，李士伦，孙雷．适用于特殊凝析油气体系的状态方程研究．西南石油学院学报．1998，20(4)：6-9
[2] 朱光有，张水昌，梁英波等．天然气中高含H2S的成因及其预测．地质科学．2006，41(1)：152—157
[3] 朱光有，戴金星，张水昌等．中国含H_2S天然气的研究及勘探前景．天然气工业．24(9)：1—4
[4] 戴金星，胡见义，贾承造等．科学安全勘探开发高硫化氢天然气田的建议．石油勘探与开发．2004，31(2)：1—4
[5] 朱光有，张永昌，李剑等．中国高含硫天然气的形成及其分布．石油勘探与开发．2004，31(3)：18—21
[6] 陈卫东，郭天民．近临界油气藏流体相行为研究的现状．石油勘探与开发．1996，23(1)：76—80
[7] 潘焕泉，郭天民．近临界区流体相态和热力学性质研究现状及发展趋势．化学工程．1996，24(1)：47—52
[8] 罗凯，钟太贤．试论近临界凝析气在PVT筒中的分层现象．石油勘探与开发．1999．26(1)：68—72
[9] 杨涛，郭天民．非经典近临界流体相态行为的研究．石油大学学报(自然科学版)．1996，20(4)：116—121
[10] 胡英．近代化工热力学应用研究的新进展．上海科学技术文献出版社．1994：179—202
[11] Peneloux, A. and Rauzy, E., et al. Consist correction for RKS volumes, Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1982, 8:7-23
[12] Mathias, P, M. and Naheiri, T., et al. A density correlation for the peng-robinson equation of state. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1989,47:77-87
[13] Chou, G. F. and Prausnitz, J. M. A phenomenological correction to an equation of state for the critical region, AICHE J. 1989, 35(9):1487—1496
[14] 王利生．流体的高压相平衡与传递性质．科学出版社．2002：12—14
[15] De Pablo J J, Prausnitz J M. AICHE J, 1988, 34
[16] Piter Z S, Schrejber D R. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1988, 41:1
[17] Solimando, R. and Neau, E., et al. Modelling of the phase behavior mixtures in the critical region using the augmented peng-robinson equation of state. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1993 (82) :369-377
[18] Julian Y. Zuo, Dan Zhang Plus Fraction Characterization and PVT Data Regression for Reservoir Fluids near Critical Conditions. SPE 64520
[19] E. Gorodetsky&M. Panfilov. Near-Critical Mode雷三 of Thermodynamic Behavior for Gas-Condensate Mixtures. SPE 60177
[20] C. J. Kedge, M. A. Trebble. Improvements to a new equation of state for pure components. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 2004(217) :257-262
[21] C. J. Kedgel, M. A. Trebble. An empirical near-critical correction for cubic and non-cubic equations of state. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 2002 : 401-409
[22] 王利生．状态方程及其应用于适于天然气相平衡计算的有关进展．天然气与石油化工．2002，25(3)：35—40
[23] 楚纪正等，凝析气藏流体相态行为的实验研究，石油大学学报(自然科学版)．1994，18(4)：88-94
[24] Pan, H. Q. and Guo, T. M.:A modified kuribara mixing rule and a comparison of density independent mixing rules, the chem.. Enf, f. 1995,99
[25] Wagnet W, et al. The Thermai Behavior of Pure Fluid Substances in the Critical Region. Experiences From PPT Measurements on SF6 with a Multi-Cell Apparatus. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1992,79:151
[26] Scott R L. The Thermodynamics of Critical Phnomena in Fluid Mixtures. Ber Buneenges Phys Chem. 1972, 76:296
[27] Sengers J V. et al. Thermodynamic Behavior of Fluids Near the Critical Point. Ann Rev Phys Chem. 1986, 37:189
[28] Wi 雷三 on K G. The Renormalization Group and Critical Phenomena. Rev. Mod Phys. 1983, 55:583
[29] Schofield P. Parametric Representation of the Equation of State Near a Critical Point. Phys Rev Lett. 1969, 22:606
[30] Griffiths R B. et al. Critical Poins in Multicomponent Systems. Phys Rev A. 1970, 2:1047
[31] Moldover M R. et al. Critical Points of Mixtures:An Anology With Pure Fluids. AICHE J. 1978,24:267
[32] Fox H R, Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1987,37:123
[33] De Pablo J J, Prausnita J M, Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1989,50:101
[34] Vine M D, et al. A Method for Introduing Scaling Behavior into a Classical Equation of State. J Chem Sec Faraday Tran. 1993, 89(1):69
[35] 施有政等．中坝气田雷三气藏地质特征
[36] 李光舜等．中坝气田雷三气藏试采总结报告
[37] 何更生等．油层物理．石油工业出版社．1993：75～76
[38] 李士伦等．注气提高石油采收率技术．四川科学技术出版社。2001：66—67
[39] 沈平平，韩冬．油藏流体的PVT与相态．石油工业出版社．1999：100-125
[40] 钟太贤，袁士义，周龙军等．含硫天然气相态及渗流．石油勘探与开发．2004，31(5)：109—111
[41] 李世伦，孙雷等．凝析气藏相态计算软件包研制
[42] 金晓辉，杨宝星．油藏流体状态方程研究与应用．地质地球化学．2001，29(1)：46-51
[43] 喻西崇，赵金洲．邬亚玲等．PVT状态方程的选择和分析．油气储运．2001，13(2)：32-37
[45] 郭天民等．多元汽液平衡和精馏．石油工业出版社．2002：125—132
[46] 李士伦等．天然气工程．石油工业出版社．2000：59—62
[47] 唐迎春，陈保东，王凯等．P—R方程在天然气热物性计算中的应用．石油化工高等学校学报．2005，18(2)：17—22
[48] 傅献彩，沈文霞，姚天扬等．物理化学．人民教育出版社．1982：31—32
[49] 赵金诚，李士伦，孙雷．适用于特殊凝析油气体系的状态方程研究．西南石油学院学报．1998，20(4)：6-9