三电平逆变器的PWM控制策略研究
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摘要
三电平逆变器由于具有优良的输出特性，在许多工业领域得到了广泛的应用。论文通过查阅大量国内外参考文献对多电平逆变器的研究现状有了系统的认识，通过对参考文献的认真研究，对各种拓扑结构和各种控制策略的优点及所存在的缺陷有了深入的认识。论文深入研究了三电平逆变器的基本结构、基本原理、特性及PWM控制策略。。
论文首先详细分析了三电平逆变器的基本原理，特性发展。综合比较了多电平逆变电路三种典型拓扑结构的优缺点，在分析由独立电源钳位的“H型桥串级逆变电路”结构改进得到的基于混合单元电路的逆变电路时，本文提出了一种使用不同电压比的控制模式，并对其可行性做了分析论证。
论文对三电平逆变器的电路方程进行了深入的分析，在开关函数的基础上建立了三电平逆变器的数学模型，对三电平逆变器的开环和闭环PWM控制结构进行分析，重点分析了三电平逆变器的滞环电流PWM闭环控制策略。
论文深入地研究了三电平逆变器的基于开环的PWM调制策略，分析和提出了多电平逆变器的SPWM调制策略，同时提出了改进的空间矢量PWM算法，通过仿真，两种方法简单有效，验证了二者的正确性和可行性。并且还介绍了三电平逆变器的两种SVPWM控制策略，一是SVPWM的最优化实现控制策略，二是空间矢量PWM的简化控制算法。
最后论文还对多电平逆变器存在的中点电位漂移问题进行了讨论，并采用两种方法来实现中点电压平衡，即判别逆变器功率流向法和检测瞬时电流值方法。
Three-level inverter is applied widely in the many industry fields for its excellent performance. Through referring lots of national and native conference documents, the understanding to the current researches of three level inverter are obtained , the profound comprehend to the features of the different PWM control strategies and control methods are acquired
The paper deeply analyzes fundamental principle, performance and development of three level inverter, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of three kinds of typical multilevel circuit. Based on analyzing inverter circuits based on the hybrid cells improved by H cascade inverter circuits using the independent power and bring forward a new control pattern for Hybrid multilevel inverter which uses different voltage ratio in the hybrid cells for getting more multilevel voltages.
The paper deeply analyzes the circuit equations of three levels inverter , And establishes the mathematical model of three-level inverter based on the switch function, discusses the application of various current PWM control techniques and compares the advantage and disadvantage of them , and the hysteretic band current control strategy of three level inverter is studied in detail in the paper based on close loop PWM controller.
Then this paper deeply analyses PWM control strategies of three-level inverter .The paper discusses and proposes SPWM strategy and the voltage SVPWM algorithm improved, and provides the results that they are simple and effective through simulation.which indicate that they are accurate and feasible.The paper introduces SVPWM modulations of three-level inverter including optimal space vector PWM controller and simple SVPWM control arithmetic.
Finally,this paper discusses the problems of neutral point control that exists in the three-level inverter, and adopts two methods to control neutral voltage balance namely judging power direction and detecting instantaneous current value.
论文首先详细分析了三电平逆变器的基本原理，特性发展。综合比较了多电平逆变电路三种典型拓扑结构的优缺点，在分析由独立电源钳位的“H型桥串级逆变电路”结构改进得到的基于混合单元电路的逆变电路时，本文提出了一种使用不同电压比的控制模式，并对其可行性做了分析论证。
论文对三电平逆变器的电路方程进行了深入的分析，在开关函数的基础上建立了三电平逆变器的数学模型，对三电平逆变器的开环和闭环PWM控制结构进行分析，重点分析了三电平逆变器的滞环电流PWM闭环控制策略。
论文深入地研究了三电平逆变器的基于开环的PWM调制策略，分析和提出了多电平逆变器的SPWM调制策略，同时提出了改进的空间矢量PWM算法，通过仿真，两种方法简单有效，验证了二者的正确性和可行性。并且还介绍了三电平逆变器的两种SVPWM控制策略，一是SVPWM的最优化实现控制策略，二是空间矢量PWM的简化控制算法。
最后论文还对多电平逆变器存在的中点电位漂移问题进行了讨论，并采用两种方法来实现中点电压平衡，即判别逆变器功率流向法和检测瞬时电流值方法。
Three-level inverter is applied widely in the many industry fields for its excellent performance. Through referring lots of national and native conference documents, the understanding to the current researches of three level inverter are obtained , the profound comprehend to the features of the different PWM control strategies and control methods are acquired
The paper deeply analyzes fundamental principle, performance and development of three level inverter, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of three kinds of typical multilevel circuit. Based on analyzing inverter circuits based on the hybrid cells improved by H cascade inverter circuits using the independent power and bring forward a new control pattern for Hybrid multilevel inverter which uses different voltage ratio in the hybrid cells for getting more multilevel voltages.
The paper deeply analyzes the circuit equations of three levels inverter , And establishes the mathematical model of three-level inverter based on the switch function, discusses the application of various current PWM control techniques and compares the advantage and disadvantage of them , and the hysteretic band current control strategy of three level inverter is studied in detail in the paper based on close loop PWM controller.
Then this paper deeply analyses PWM control strategies of three-level inverter .The paper discusses and proposes SPWM strategy and the voltage SVPWM algorithm improved, and provides the results that they are simple and effective through simulation.which indicate that they are accurate and feasible.The paper introduces SVPWM modulations of three-level inverter including optimal space vector PWM controller and simple SVPWM control arithmetic.
Finally,this paper discusses the problems of neutral point control that exists in the three-level inverter, and adopts two methods to control neutral voltage balance namely judging power direction and detecting instantaneous current value.
引文
[01] Nabae A. A new neutral clamped PWM inverter. IEEE IAS, 1980, 761～766
[02] 钱照明．电力电子器件的最新发展．见：第七次全国学术会议论文集，成都：中国电工技术学会电力电子技术学会，2000，10-19
[03] Nikola Celanovic, Dushan Boroyevich.A fast space vector modulation algorithm for multilevel three phase converters.IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, 2001, 37(2):637-641
[04] PENG F Z.A generalized multilevel inverter topology with self voltage balanceing. IEEE Transactions On Industry Application, 2001, 37(2): 611—618
[05] 李永东．交流电机数字控制系统．北京：机械工业出版社，2003，98-104
[06] Ronald G Hariey. Optimal control of three level PWM Inverter.IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, 1997, 44(1):96-106
[07] 庄朝晖，熊有伦．一种简单的三电平逆变器PWM控制算法．电工技术学报，2001，16(2)：47-50
[08] Farrukh Kankam, Ronald G Hariey, G Habetler, Martin A Brooke. A fast on line neutrl network training algorithm for a rectifier regulator.IEEE Transactions on Power Electonics, 1998, 13(3):366-371
[09] Mukul Chandorkar.New techniques for inverter flux control. IEEE Transaction On Industry Applications, 2001, 37(3):880-887
[10] Mauricio Beltrao de Rossiter Correa Cursino Brandao Jacobina, Edison Roberto Cabrel da Silva, Antonio Marcus Nogueira lima. An induction motor drive system with improved fault tolerance.IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, 2001, 37(3):873-879
[11] Rolf Ottersten, Jan Svensson. Vector current controled voltage source converter deadbeat control and saturation strategies. IEEE Transaction On Industrial Electronic, 2002, 17(2):279-285
[12] Keliang Zhou, Danwei Wang. Relationship between space vector modulation and three phase carrier based PWM: a comprehensive analysis. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 2002, 49(1): 106-195
[13] Yo Han Lee, Bum Seok Hyun. A novel PWM scheme for a three lever voltage source inverter with GTO thyristors.IEEE Transactions on Industry Application, 1996, 32(2):260-268
[14] Xiaoming Yuan, Herbert Stemmler, Ivo Barbi. Self balancing of the clamping
cpacitor voltages in the multilevel capacitor clamping inverter under sub harmonic PWM modulation.IEEE Transaction On Power Electronics, 2001, 16(2):256-263
[15] Dongsheng Zhou, Didier G Rouaud.Experimental comparisons of space vector neutral point balancing stategies for three level topology. IEEE Transactions On Power Electronics, 2001, 16(6):872-879
[16] Jae Hyeong Seo, Chang Ho Choi, Dong Seok Hyun. A new simplified space vector PWM method for three level inverters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electonics, 2001, 16(4): 545-550
[17] 阮新波，周林泉，严仰光．一种新颖的零电压零电流开关PWM三电平直流变换器．电工技术学报，2001，16(2)：41—46
[18] Sirisukprasert Siriroj. Optimum harmonic reduction with a wide range of modulation indexes for multilevel converters.IEEE CPES'2001, 212-217
[19] Roberto Rojas, Tokuo Ohnishi, Takayuki Suzuki.Neutral point clamped inverter with improved voltage wave form and contorl range.IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics. 1995, 42(6):587-594
[20] Marchesoni M, Mazzucchelli M, Tenconi S.A non conventional power converter for plasma stabilisation.in:Proceedings of the IEEE PESC. New York:IEEE PESC, 1998, 122-129
[21] Manjrekar M D Steimet P K, Lipo T. A hybrid multilevel power conversion system:a competitive solution for high power applications.IEEE IAS, 2000, 36(3): 834-841
[22] 费万民，姚文熙，吕征宇．中高压变频调速技术综述．电力电子技术，2002，36(4)：74—78
[23] Lee F C, Peng D.Power electronics building block and system integration.in:Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference.Japan: IPEMC, 2000, 1-8
[24] 齐悦，杨耕，窦日轩．基于多电平变化逆变电路的拓扑分析．电机与控制学报，2002，6(1)：74-79
[25] Akira Naba, Isao Hirofumi Akagi. A new neutral point clamped PWM inverter. IEEE Trans. On Industry Applications, 1981, 17(5):518-523.
[26] 沈安文，余高明，万淑芸．一种新型高压变频器拓扑结构研究．变频器世界，2000，(11)：7—12
[27] 崔俊国，陶生贵．一种五电平逆变器SVPWM控制方法的分析与仿真．电气传动，2002，(5)：18—22
[28] Seixas P F.A space vector PWM method for three level voltage source inverters. IEEE APEC'2000, Compact Disc, Data, 13-34
[29] Ber Ren, YiLang Hou. Single phase intergrated power quality compensator based on capacitor clamped configuration.IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 2002, 49(1): 173-185
[30] F Z Peng, J S Lai.A new voltage source inverter with separate DC sources for static var generation.IEEE/IAS Annual Meeting, 1995, 2541-2458
[31] Jang Hyoun youm. A novel double hysteresis band current control for a three level voltage source inverter IEEE Transactions Power Electonics, 1999, 7 (7): 687—696
[32] Andrea Tilli, Alberto Tonielli.Sequential design of hystersis current controler for three phase inverters. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1995, 45(2): 771-781
[33] Bong Hwan Kwon, Byung Duk Min, Jang Hyoun youm. An improved space vector based hystersis current controler. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1998, 45(5):692-703
[34] Marian P, Kazmierkowski, Luigi. Current control techniques for three Phase voltage source converters: a survey. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1998, 45(5):692-703
[35] Carlo Rossi, Alberto Toielli. Robust current control techniques for three phase inverters using finite state automaton. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1995, 42(2): 169-178
[36] 戴朝波，林海雪．电压源型逆变器三角载波电流控制新方法．中国电机工程学报，2002，22(2)：99-102
[37] Fei Wang.Sine triangle versus space vector modulation for three level PWM voltage source inverters.IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, 2002, 38(2): 500-506
[38] 吴洪洋，何湘宁．多电平载波PWM法与SVPWM法之间的本质联系及其应用．中国电机工程学报，2002，22(5)：10—15
[39] 钟彦儒，高永军，曾光．采用空间电压矢量PWM方法三电平逆变器研究．电力电子技术，2000，5(1)：10—13
[40] 吴学智，刘亚东，黄立培．三电平电压型逆变器空间矢量调制算法的研究．电工电能新技术，2002，21(4)：16—19
[41] C.K.Lee, S Y R Hui, H Shu Hung Chung, Yash Shrivastava.A randomized voltage vector switching scheme for three lever power inverters. IEEE Transactions on
Power Electonics, 2002, 17(1): 94-100
[42] 张桂斌，徐政．最小开关损耗VSVPWM技术的研究与仿真．电工技术学报，2001，16(2)：34-49
[43] Steinke J.Switch frequency optional PWM control of a three level inverter.IEEE Transactions Power Electonics, 1992, 7 (7): 487—496
[44] 薄保中，苏彦民，马学亮．多电平最优空间矢量PWM控制方法的研究．中国电机工程学报，2002，22(2)：89—92
[45] 吴忠智，吴加林．变频器应用手册(第二版)．北京：机械工业出版，2002，356-369
[46] 王沫然．SIMULINK 4建模及动态仿真．北京：电子工艺出版社，2002，150-180
[47] Bum.Seok suh, Dong Seok Hyun.A new n level high voltage inversion system.IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1997, 44(1):107-115
[48] 赵镜红，张俊洪，杨涛．基于DSP的SVPWM的研究．电机与控制学报，2002，6(2)：108-110
[49] 翁海清，孙旭东，刘从伟．三电平逆变器直流侧电压平衡控制方法的改进．中国电机工程学报，2002，22(9)：94—97
[02] 钱照明．电力电子器件的最新发展．见：第七次全国学术会议论文集，成都：中国电工技术学会电力电子技术学会，2000，10-19
[03] Nikola Celanovic, Dushan Boroyevich.A fast space vector modulation algorithm for multilevel three phase converters.IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, 2001, 37(2):637-641
[04] PENG F Z.A generalized multilevel inverter topology with self voltage balanceing. IEEE Transactions On Industry Application, 2001, 37(2): 611—618
[05] 李永东．交流电机数字控制系统．北京：机械工业出版社，2003，98-104
[06] Ronald G Hariey. Optimal control of three level PWM Inverter.IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, 1997, 44(1):96-106
[07] 庄朝晖，熊有伦．一种简单的三电平逆变器PWM控制算法．电工技术学报，2001，16(2)：47-50
[08] Farrukh Kankam, Ronald G Hariey, G Habetler, Martin A Brooke. A fast on line neutrl network training algorithm for a rectifier regulator.IEEE Transactions on Power Electonics, 1998, 13(3):366-371
[09] Mukul Chandorkar.New techniques for inverter flux control. IEEE Transaction On Industry Applications, 2001, 37(3):880-887
[10] Mauricio Beltrao de Rossiter Correa Cursino Brandao Jacobina, Edison Roberto Cabrel da Silva, Antonio Marcus Nogueira lima. An induction motor drive system with improved fault tolerance.IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, 2001, 37(3):873-879
[11] Rolf Ottersten, Jan Svensson. Vector current controled voltage source converter deadbeat control and saturation strategies. IEEE Transaction On Industrial Electronic, 2002, 17(2):279-285
[12] Keliang Zhou, Danwei Wang. Relationship between space vector modulation and three phase carrier based PWM: a comprehensive analysis. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 2002, 49(1): 106-195
[13] Yo Han Lee, Bum Seok Hyun. A novel PWM scheme for a three lever voltage source inverter with GTO thyristors.IEEE Transactions on Industry Application, 1996, 32(2):260-268
[14] Xiaoming Yuan, Herbert Stemmler, Ivo Barbi. Self balancing of the clamping
cpacitor voltages in the multilevel capacitor clamping inverter under sub harmonic PWM modulation.IEEE Transaction On Power Electronics, 2001, 16(2):256-263
[15] Dongsheng Zhou, Didier G Rouaud.Experimental comparisons of space vector neutral point balancing stategies for three level topology. IEEE Transactions On Power Electronics, 2001, 16(6):872-879
[16] Jae Hyeong Seo, Chang Ho Choi, Dong Seok Hyun. A new simplified space vector PWM method for three level inverters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electonics, 2001, 16(4): 545-550
[17] 阮新波，周林泉，严仰光．一种新颖的零电压零电流开关PWM三电平直流变换器．电工技术学报，2001，16(2)：41—46
[18] Sirisukprasert Siriroj. Optimum harmonic reduction with a wide range of modulation indexes for multilevel converters.IEEE CPES'2001, 212-217
[19] Roberto Rojas, Tokuo Ohnishi, Takayuki Suzuki.Neutral point clamped inverter with improved voltage wave form and contorl range.IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics. 1995, 42(6):587-594
[20] Marchesoni M, Mazzucchelli M, Tenconi S.A non conventional power converter for plasma stabilisation.in:Proceedings of the IEEE PESC. New York:IEEE PESC, 1998, 122-129
[21] Manjrekar M D Steimet P K, Lipo T. A hybrid multilevel power conversion system:a competitive solution for high power applications.IEEE IAS, 2000, 36(3): 834-841
[22] 费万民，姚文熙，吕征宇．中高压变频调速技术综述．电力电子技术，2002，36(4)：74—78
[23] Lee F C, Peng D.Power electronics building block and system integration.in:Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference.Japan: IPEMC, 2000, 1-8
[24] 齐悦，杨耕，窦日轩．基于多电平变化逆变电路的拓扑分析．电机与控制学报，2002，6(1)：74-79
[25] Akira Naba, Isao Hirofumi Akagi. A new neutral point clamped PWM inverter. IEEE Trans. On Industry Applications, 1981, 17(5):518-523.
[26] 沈安文，余高明，万淑芸．一种新型高压变频器拓扑结构研究．变频器世界，2000，(11)：7—12
[27] 崔俊国，陶生贵．一种五电平逆变器SVPWM控制方法的分析与仿真．电气传动，2002，(5)：18—22
[28] Seixas P F.A space vector PWM method for three level voltage source inverters. IEEE APEC'2000, Compact Disc, Data, 13-34
[29] Ber Ren, YiLang Hou. Single phase intergrated power quality compensator based on capacitor clamped configuration.IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 2002, 49(1): 173-185
[30] F Z Peng, J S Lai.A new voltage source inverter with separate DC sources for static var generation.IEEE/IAS Annual Meeting, 1995, 2541-2458
[31] Jang Hyoun youm. A novel double hysteresis band current control for a three level voltage source inverter IEEE Transactions Power Electonics, 1999, 7 (7): 687—696
[32] Andrea Tilli, Alberto Tonielli.Sequential design of hystersis current controler for three phase inverters. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1995, 45(2): 771-781
[33] Bong Hwan Kwon, Byung Duk Min, Jang Hyoun youm. An improved space vector based hystersis current controler. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1998, 45(5):692-703
[34] Marian P, Kazmierkowski, Luigi. Current control techniques for three Phase voltage source converters: a survey. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1998, 45(5):692-703
[35] Carlo Rossi, Alberto Toielli. Robust current control techniques for three phase inverters using finite state automaton. IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1995, 42(2): 169-178
[36] 戴朝波，林海雪．电压源型逆变器三角载波电流控制新方法．中国电机工程学报，2002，22(2)：99-102
[37] Fei Wang.Sine triangle versus space vector modulation for three level PWM voltage source inverters.IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications, 2002, 38(2): 500-506
[38] 吴洪洋，何湘宁．多电平载波PWM法与SVPWM法之间的本质联系及其应用．中国电机工程学报，2002，22(5)：10—15
[39] 钟彦儒，高永军，曾光．采用空间电压矢量PWM方法三电平逆变器研究．电力电子技术，2000，5(1)：10—13
[40] 吴学智，刘亚东，黄立培．三电平电压型逆变器空间矢量调制算法的研究．电工电能新技术，2002，21(4)：16—19
[41] C.K.Lee, S Y R Hui, H Shu Hung Chung, Yash Shrivastava.A randomized voltage vector switching scheme for three lever power inverters. IEEE Transactions on
Power Electonics, 2002, 17(1): 94-100
[42] 张桂斌，徐政．最小开关损耗VSVPWM技术的研究与仿真．电工技术学报，2001，16(2)：34-49
[43] Steinke J.Switch frequency optional PWM control of a three level inverter.IEEE Transactions Power Electonics, 1992, 7 (7): 487—496
[44] 薄保中，苏彦民，马学亮．多电平最优空间矢量PWM控制方法的研究．中国电机工程学报，2002，22(2)：89—92
[45] 吴忠智，吴加林．变频器应用手册(第二版)．北京：机械工业出版，2002，356-369
[46] 王沫然．SIMULINK 4建模及动态仿真．北京：电子工艺出版社，2002，150-180
[47] Bum.Seok suh, Dong Seok Hyun.A new n level high voltage inversion system.IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, 1997, 44(1):107-115
[48] 赵镜红，张俊洪，杨涛．基于DSP的SVPWM的研究．电机与控制学报，2002，6(2)：108-110
[49] 翁海清，孙旭东，刘从伟．三电平逆变器直流侧电压平衡控制方法的改进．中国电机工程学报，2002，22(9)：94—97