土壤热磁组分特征及元素富集方式探讨
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摘要
土壤热磁组分测量作为隐伏矿勘查的一种新方法,能够强化微弱的矿化信息,主要应用于常规地球化学勘查方法效果不佳的覆盖区找矿,具有较好的稳定性和异常重现性,能够发现深部矿体引起的微弱矿化信息,实现强化异常,有效指导找矿的目的。
论文以蔡家营铅锌银矿试验区为研究对象,开展土壤热磁组分特征的研究,通过对士壤热磁组分形貌特征、矿物学特征、化学成分的分析以及元素富集方式的探讨,为土壤热磁组分测量方法的应用提供理论依据。研究发现：(1)土壤热磁组分以铁锰氧化物为主,是由土壤中的非晶质铁锰氧化物转化而来的,士壤热磁组分以单颗粒或者颗粒集合体的形式存在于士壤中；(2)土壤、土壤热磁组分、非磁性组分中铁锰氧化物与主成矿及其相关伴生元素相关关系的分析证实了土壤热磁组分对矿化指示元素主要的富集作用。
在准苏吉花试验区根据特征统计参数、地球化学异常特征及地球化学剖面测量对比常规土壤测量和土壤热磁组分测量的应用效果,可以发现,无论从异常强度还是异常规模的角度来讲,土壤热磁组分测量都明显高于常规土壤测量,能够获得比常规土壤测量更明显的地球化学异常,显示出该方法在运积物覆盖区地球化学勘查中较好的应用前景。
应用因子分析和聚类分析研究土壤热磁组分测量数据结构的特点,反映成矿特征的元素间的共生组合关系,并利用因子得分计量图来表征元素的综合异常信息。研究结果表明,将统计分析应用到土壤热磁组分测量数据处理中进行地球化学异常的解释和评价,可以更好的从整体上认识地球化学元素异常特征,以及土壤热磁组分中各元素间所蕴含的地球化学信息的关联性,同时使得异常的圈定更为简便和有效,为深层次强化异常信息提供了可行的技术手段。
As a new method in buried deposit ore prospecting, soil thermomagnetic component measurement can strengthen the weak mineralization information, mainly applied in coverage regions where conventional geochemical exploration methods are not effective. With the good stability and abnormal reprocucibility, this method can intensify weak mineralization information caused by deep ore body and achieve the purpose of strengthening the anomalies making sense to the ore-body instruction.
This paper takes the Caijinying lead-zinc-silver test area as the research object, and carry out the research on the morphology features of soil thermomagnetic component. The discussion of the mineralogical features、 chemical analysis and the enrichment of indicator elements, as well as the demonstration application provide the theoretic bases of the soil thermomagnetic measurement. The research demonstrates:(1) Crystalline Fe-Mn oxides that is transformed by the noncrystalline Fe-Mn oxides is the predominant ingredient in soil thermomagnetic components, which exist in forms of single grain or particle aggregates.(2) The correlative analysis between Fe-Mn oxides and mineralized indicator elements of soil、 soil thermomagnetic components and nonmagnetic components confirms the enrichment of soil thermomagnetic components on the mineralization indicator elements.
Based on the contrast analysis of the characteristic statistical parameters and geochemical anomalies applied in Zhunsujihua test district, the results illustrates that whether from the point of the anomaly intensity or the anomaly size, the effects in soil thermomagnetic survey are more remarkable than that in standard soil survey, and more importantly, soil thermomagnetic survey is more powerful in detecting the weak mineral information, showing the application prospect in coverage areas.
The factor and cluster analyses are applied to research the characateristics of the data and element combination in Zhunsujihua test area, and the factor score maps are drawn to indicate the information of the geochemical comprehensive anomaly. The results confirms that the statistical analysis used in the interpretation and evaluation of geochemical anomaly in soil thermomagnetic measurement can better recognize the characteristics of the geochemical elements on the whole, and the relationship of the geochemical information can be figured out in geochemical thermomagnetic components, which provide more reliable foundation for strengthening the anomaly with profound senses.
论文以蔡家营铅锌银矿试验区为研究对象,开展土壤热磁组分特征的研究,通过对士壤热磁组分形貌特征、矿物学特征、化学成分的分析以及元素富集方式的探讨,为土壤热磁组分测量方法的应用提供理论依据。研究发现：(1)土壤热磁组分以铁锰氧化物为主,是由土壤中的非晶质铁锰氧化物转化而来的,士壤热磁组分以单颗粒或者颗粒集合体的形式存在于士壤中；(2)土壤、土壤热磁组分、非磁性组分中铁锰氧化物与主成矿及其相关伴生元素相关关系的分析证实了土壤热磁组分对矿化指示元素主要的富集作用。
在准苏吉花试验区根据特征统计参数、地球化学异常特征及地球化学剖面测量对比常规土壤测量和土壤热磁组分测量的应用效果,可以发现,无论从异常强度还是异常规模的角度来讲,土壤热磁组分测量都明显高于常规土壤测量,能够获得比常规土壤测量更明显的地球化学异常,显示出该方法在运积物覆盖区地球化学勘查中较好的应用前景。
应用因子分析和聚类分析研究土壤热磁组分测量数据结构的特点,反映成矿特征的元素间的共生组合关系,并利用因子得分计量图来表征元素的综合异常信息。研究结果表明,将统计分析应用到土壤热磁组分测量数据处理中进行地球化学异常的解释和评价,可以更好的从整体上认识地球化学元素异常特征,以及土壤热磁组分中各元素间所蕴含的地球化学信息的关联性,同时使得异常的圈定更为简便和有效,为深层次强化异常信息提供了可行的技术手段。
As a new method in buried deposit ore prospecting, soil thermomagnetic component measurement can strengthen the weak mineralization information, mainly applied in coverage regions where conventional geochemical exploration methods are not effective. With the good stability and abnormal reprocucibility, this method can intensify weak mineralization information caused by deep ore body and achieve the purpose of strengthening the anomalies making sense to the ore-body instruction.
This paper takes the Caijinying lead-zinc-silver test area as the research object, and carry out the research on the morphology features of soil thermomagnetic component. The discussion of the mineralogical features、 chemical analysis and the enrichment of indicator elements, as well as the demonstration application provide the theoretic bases of the soil thermomagnetic measurement. The research demonstrates:(1) Crystalline Fe-Mn oxides that is transformed by the noncrystalline Fe-Mn oxides is the predominant ingredient in soil thermomagnetic components, which exist in forms of single grain or particle aggregates.(2) The correlative analysis between Fe-Mn oxides and mineralized indicator elements of soil、 soil thermomagnetic components and nonmagnetic components confirms the enrichment of soil thermomagnetic components on the mineralization indicator elements.
Based on the contrast analysis of the characteristic statistical parameters and geochemical anomalies applied in Zhunsujihua test district, the results illustrates that whether from the point of the anomaly intensity or the anomaly size, the effects in soil thermomagnetic survey are more remarkable than that in standard soil survey, and more importantly, soil thermomagnetic survey is more powerful in detecting the weak mineral information, showing the application prospect in coverage areas.
The factor and cluster analyses are applied to research the characateristics of the data and element combination in Zhunsujihua test area, and the factor score maps are drawn to indicate the information of the geochemical comprehensive anomaly. The results confirms that the statistical analysis used in the interpretation and evaluation of geochemical anomaly in soil thermomagnetic measurement can better recognize the characteristics of the geochemical elements on the whole, and the relationship of the geochemical information can be figured out in geochemical thermomagnetic components, which provide more reliable foundation for strengthening the anomaly with profound senses.
引文
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[3]R. W. Boyler, R. G. Garrett. Geochemical prospecting-A review of its status and future. Earth-Science Reviews,1970,6:51～75
[4]刘士毅等.我国物探化探找矿思路与经验分析.物探与化探.2004,28(1)：1～9.
[5]Cameron E M, Hamilton S M, Leybourne M I, et al. Finding deeply buried deposits using geochemistry[J].Geochemistry-Exploration, Environment, Analysis, 2004, 4(1):7-32.
[6]施俊法,姚华军等.信息找矿战略与勘查百例[M].北京：地质出版社,2005：56～78
[7]罗先熔.多种新方法寻找隐伏矿的研究及效果.地质与勘探.1995,31(1)：44～49
[8]唐金荣,吴传璧,施俊法.2007.深穿透地球化学迁移机理与方法技术研究新进展[J].地质通报.2007,12：75～86
[9]金浚,陈伟民.勘查地球化学理论与技术创新成果综述[J].地质与勘探,2005,41(1)：55
[10]L. V. Antropova, I. S. Goldberg. New methods of regional exploration for blind mineralization:application in the USSR. Journal of Geochemical Exploration. 1992, 43 157-166
[11]丁汝福.国内外寻找隐伏矿化探新方法研究进展[J],地质与勘探.1999,35(2)：13.
[12]胡树起.热磁技术及其在勘查地球化学中的应用前景[J].物探与化探,2010,34(2)：198～201.
[13]陈玉明,邱郁文.找金属矿床的一种新方法——热磁地球化学法[J].国外地质勘查术.1992,(4)：29-31
[14]胡树起,史长义,马生明.热磁技术在覆盖区找矿中的应用[J].物探与化探,2010,34(2)：198-204
[15]伍宗华,古平.隐伏矿床的地球化学勘查[M].北京：地质出版社,2000：1～10
[16]谢学锦,王学求.深穿透地球化学新进展[J].地学前缘,2003：10(1)：225～237
[17]Aleksev S G,Dukhanin A S, Veshev S A and Voroshilov N A. Some aspects of practical use of geoelectrochemical methods of exploration for deep-seated mineralization. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1996,56:79-86.
[18]Kritiansson N K, Malmqvist L. Evidence for nondiffusive transport of Rn in the ground and a new physical model for the transport[J]. Geophysics, 1982,47(10):1444～1452
[19]Clark J R, Meier A L and Riddle. Enayme leaching of surficial geochemical samples for detecting hydromorphic trace-element anomalies associated with precious-metal mineralized bedrock buried beneath glacial overburden in northern Minnesota[C]//GOLD90. 1990,189～207
[20]Mann A W, Birrel R D, Gay L M, Mann A T, Perdrix J L and Gardner K R. Partial extractions and mobile metal ions.[C]//Camuti K S. Extended abstracts of the 17th IGESC,1995,31～34
[21]Wang Xueqiu, Cheng Zhizhong, Liu Dawen, et al. Nanoscale metals in earthgas and mobile forms of metals in overburden in wide-spaced regional exploration for giant ore deposits in overburden terrains[J]. J.Geochem.Explor.,1997,58(1):63～72.
[22]Xie Xuejin, Wang Xueqiu, Xu Li et al. Orientation study of strategic deep penetration geochemical methods in the central Kyzzykum desert terrain, Uabekistan[J]. J Geochem Explor. 1999, 66:135～143
[23]王学求.矿产勘查地球化学：过去的成就与未来的挑战[J].地学前缘,2003,10(1)：239
[24]蒋永健,魏俊浩.勘查地球化学新方法在矿产勘查中的应用及其地质效果.物探与化探.2010,34(2)：134～138
[25]Chao T T, Use of partial dissolution techniques in geochemical exploration. J Geochem Explor. 1984, 20: 101～135
[26]谢学锦.战术性与战略性的深穿透地球化学[J].地学前缘,1998,5(1-2)：171
[27]王学求,程志中.元素活动态测量技术的发展及其意义[J].国外地质勘探技术,1996(2)：17-22
[28]刘吉敏.一种新的隐伏矿勘查技术：地电化学的现状和展望[J].物探与化探,1993,17(1)：33～41
[29]丁汝福,邱郁文.热磁地球化学方法试验研究[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1996,5(2)：102～106
[30]龚美玲.相态分析与地质找矿[M].北京：地质出版社,1994,185～187
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