双质量飞轮系统扭振特性研究
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摘要
汽车动力传动系统扭转振动是影响发动机工作可靠性和使用寿命的主要因素之一。该系统如同其它弹性系统一样,在发动机燃气爆发压力、运动件质量及其往复惯性力和行驶阻力矩变化等激振作用下,产生扭转振动。当激励力矩的频率与系统固有频率相同或相接近,就会产生共振,影响乘坐舒适性以及汽车通过性甚至危及汽车的寿命、等等。随着发动机向超高速、轻型、大功率方向发展,其扭转振动问题日趋严重,对振动控制的要求却日益严格,因此,对汽车动力传动系统扭转振动问题的研究具有重要意义。
本论文以江铃某款匹配了VM柴油发动机和双质量飞轮DMF的越野车动力传动系统为对象,重点对其动力传动系统的以下方面进行研究:(1)系统扭振模型的建立;(2)自由扭振计算、激振分析以及发动机激励下的强迫扭振分析;(3)汽车动力传动系统扭振特性分析软件设计;(4)仿真计算与试验验证。
首先介绍了汽车扭振特性分析研究相关的国内外发展现状,特别是扭振系统建模方法、计算方法以及双质量飞轮减振器相关状况等,并提出了研究的内容,目的及意义。
其次,介绍了扭振系统当量建模的理论,根据扭振系统当量转化原则并结合VM发动机的结构特点,利用三维设计软件与有限元分析方法,对VM发动机、变速器及其后传动系统各部件进行等效转化,建立汽车动力传动系统不同档位下的扭振动力学计算模型;
第三,根据扭振计算和分析理论,对VM汽车双质量飞轮动力传动系统的自由扭振进行分析和计算,对发动机激振源进行了简谐分析,并用动力放大系数法计算了双质量飞轮动力传动系统在发动机激振下的强迫扭转振动;
第四,集成汽车动力传动系统扭振特性分析的方法,设计并开发了汽车动力传动系统扭振特性分析软件,实现快速高效的自由扭振、发动机激振、强迫扭振的计算分析;
最后,利用机械系统动力学软件ADAMS进行仿真计算,与理论计算结果对比,具有良好的符合性,这充分证明了双质量飞轮动力传动系统具有的优良减振特性。
Torsional vibration of power train system is one of the main factors which affects working reliability and life-span of engine, as well as ride comfort. Like other elastic system, it causes torsional vibration under actuating actions such as piston pressure, weight of moving parts, reciprocating inertia force, resistance moment during driving. When the frequences of actuating torque equals or is close to the frequences of natural characteristic frequences, it can cause resonance, endanger vehicle life span, ride comfort, passing ability and so on. With engine development turning to higher speed, lighter size and more powerful direction nowadays, the torsional vibration becomes more serious, on the other hand, the requirements becomes to more strict, as a result, it has great significance of studying torsional vibration of power train system.
This dissertation studies torsional vibration of power train system of a type of SUV automobile matching VM disel and Dual Mass Flywheel(DMF), mainly includes 4 aspects: (1) Torsional vibration system model was built; (2) The natural characteristic was calculated, analysis of actuating action and response of forced vibration; (3) A software solving analysis of torsional vibration of power train system was designed and developed; (4) Simulating calculation and test verification.
Firstly, the dissertation introduces the development of torsional vibration analysis of power train system at home and abroad, especially about model building method, calculating method, as well as DMF damper. And then the study content and its significance were illustrated.
Secondly, theory of equivalent molel building of torsional vibration system was introduced, by means of 3D design software and FEA method, based on equivalent model building principle and structure of VM engine, the equivalent model of power train system under different grade gearshift was built.
Thirdly, on the basis of torsional vibration theory and analysis method, natural characteristic of power train system of the automobile matching VM disel and DMF was calculated and analyzed, and harmonic analysis of the engine was done. In light of dynamic magnification factor method, the response of the system with DMF under engine compeling was calculated.
Fourthly, torsional vibration theory and analysis method was integrated to design a torsional vibration analysis software of power train system, which can realize efficient calculation, analysis of natural characteristic and engine actuation & response of forced vibration.
Finally, simulation of dynamic analysis was done by the software ADAMS, which was compared with the theoretical calculation, both results agreed with very well. Therefore, from the study of this dissertation, we can fully confirm that DMF powertrain transmission system possessses better damping effect than other powertrain transmission system.
本论文以江铃某款匹配了VM柴油发动机和双质量飞轮DMF的越野车动力传动系统为对象,重点对其动力传动系统的以下方面进行研究:(1)系统扭振模型的建立;(2)自由扭振计算、激振分析以及发动机激励下的强迫扭振分析;(3)汽车动力传动系统扭振特性分析软件设计;(4)仿真计算与试验验证。
首先介绍了汽车扭振特性分析研究相关的国内外发展现状,特别是扭振系统建模方法、计算方法以及双质量飞轮减振器相关状况等,并提出了研究的内容,目的及意义。
其次,介绍了扭振系统当量建模的理论,根据扭振系统当量转化原则并结合VM发动机的结构特点,利用三维设计软件与有限元分析方法,对VM发动机、变速器及其后传动系统各部件进行等效转化,建立汽车动力传动系统不同档位下的扭振动力学计算模型;
第三,根据扭振计算和分析理论,对VM汽车双质量飞轮动力传动系统的自由扭振进行分析和计算,对发动机激振源进行了简谐分析,并用动力放大系数法计算了双质量飞轮动力传动系统在发动机激振下的强迫扭转振动;
第四,集成汽车动力传动系统扭振特性分析的方法,设计并开发了汽车动力传动系统扭振特性分析软件,实现快速高效的自由扭振、发动机激振、强迫扭振的计算分析;
最后,利用机械系统动力学软件ADAMS进行仿真计算,与理论计算结果对比,具有良好的符合性,这充分证明了双质量飞轮动力传动系统具有的优良减振特性。
Torsional vibration of power train system is one of the main factors which affects working reliability and life-span of engine, as well as ride comfort. Like other elastic system, it causes torsional vibration under actuating actions such as piston pressure, weight of moving parts, reciprocating inertia force, resistance moment during driving. When the frequences of actuating torque equals or is close to the frequences of natural characteristic frequences, it can cause resonance, endanger vehicle life span, ride comfort, passing ability and so on. With engine development turning to higher speed, lighter size and more powerful direction nowadays, the torsional vibration becomes more serious, on the other hand, the requirements becomes to more strict, as a result, it has great significance of studying torsional vibration of power train system.
This dissertation studies torsional vibration of power train system of a type of SUV automobile matching VM disel and Dual Mass Flywheel(DMF), mainly includes 4 aspects: (1) Torsional vibration system model was built; (2) The natural characteristic was calculated, analysis of actuating action and response of forced vibration; (3) A software solving analysis of torsional vibration of power train system was designed and developed; (4) Simulating calculation and test verification.
Firstly, the dissertation introduces the development of torsional vibration analysis of power train system at home and abroad, especially about model building method, calculating method, as well as DMF damper. And then the study content and its significance were illustrated.
Secondly, theory of equivalent molel building of torsional vibration system was introduced, by means of 3D design software and FEA method, based on equivalent model building principle and structure of VM engine, the equivalent model of power train system under different grade gearshift was built.
Thirdly, on the basis of torsional vibration theory and analysis method, natural characteristic of power train system of the automobile matching VM disel and DMF was calculated and analyzed, and harmonic analysis of the engine was done. In light of dynamic magnification factor method, the response of the system with DMF under engine compeling was calculated.
Fourthly, torsional vibration theory and analysis method was integrated to design a torsional vibration analysis software of power train system, which can realize efficient calculation, analysis of natural characteristic and engine actuation & response of forced vibration.
Finally, simulation of dynamic analysis was done by the software ADAMS, which was compared with the theoretical calculation, both results agreed with very well. Therefore, from the study of this dissertation, we can fully confirm that DMF powertrain transmission system possessses better damping effect than other powertrain transmission system.
引文
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[2]陈益.SC6350C汽车传动系统扭振研究[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学,2004
[3]王棋.内燃机轴系扭转振动[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1985
[4]龚海军.柴油机扭振分析及减振器匹配研究[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学,2004
[5]Turplin.Torsional Vibration.London Sir Issac Pitman & sons Ltd,1986
[6]李渤仲,陈之炎,应启光.内燃机轴系扭转振动[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1984
[7]唐斌.基于精确动态刚度矩阵法的内燃机轴系扭转、纵向及弯曲三维耦合振动研究[博士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学,2006
[8]Kouji Fujii.A simulation of crankshaft bending vibration.SAE Paper 912495
[9]K.Wakabayashi et al.The effet of typical torsional viscous-friction damper on the reduction of vibrations in the three dimensional space of diesel engineshaftings.SAE sp-991,USA,1993.pp53-73
[10]张准,彭玉莺.内燃机曲轴-飞轮系统扭振的复模态分析[J].江苏理工大学学报,1986.7(2):45-59
[11]彭玉莺,张准,解辛辛.扭转振动的机械阻抗测试和参数识别[J].江苏理工大学学报,1985(2):81-89
[12]王才峄.内燃机曲轴轴系扭振的多体动力学分析[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[13]杨礌.汽车发动机曲轴扭转振动分析及控制[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学机械工程学院,2005
[14]向建华,廖日东,左正兴.单缸熄火时发动机曲轴系统扭振特性研究[J].北京理上大学学报,2008.28(2):121-124
[15]李震,杜长林,孙军.内燃机曲轴轴系振动分析研究的现状、讨论与展望[J].内燃机学报,2002.20(5):469-474
[16]舒歌群,吕兴才.内燃机曲轴扭振连续分布模型的计算方法[J].农业机械学报,2004.35(4):36-39
[17]陈之炎.船舶推进轴系振动[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1987
[18]马逢峻.基于瞬态动力学的EQ4H发动机轴系扭转振动研究及减振器开发[硕士学位论文].上海:上海交通大学,2007
[19]徐世彦.汽车动力传动系双质量飞轮式扭振减振器的研究[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学,2007
[20]Peter Schwibinger,et al.Noise and vibration control measure in the powertrain of passenger cars.Proceedings of the 1991 transactions.Journal of passenger cars.Pp787-795
[21]李峥.DMF350双质量飞轮的开发研究[硕士学位论文].吉林:长春:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2005
[22]赵金霞.双质量飞轮的作用和特性[J].新技术新工艺,2003(5):19-20
[23]Kenishi Yamamoto,et al.Consideration of a new type two mass flywheel.Proceedings of the 1991 Noise and vibration conference.USA.May,1991.Pp 161-166
[24]刘圣田,吕振华,邵成,等.双质量飞轮式扭振减振器[J].汽车技术,1997(1):23-27
[25]钱人一.德国鲁克公司的双质量飞轮(上)[J].汽车与配件,2006(5)35-37
[26]钱人一.德国鲁克公司的双质量飞轮(下)[J].汽车与配件,2006(12)44-47
[27]Arno Sebulke.The Two-Mass Flywheel-A Torsional Vibration Damper for the Power Train of Passenger Cars-State of the Art and Further Technical Development[C].SAE 870394
[28]Klaus Steinel.Clutch Tuning to Optimize Noise and Vibration Behavior in Trucks and Buses[C].SAE 2000-01-3292
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