基于VE的摩托车产品功能分析与评价研究
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摘要
随着经济的快速发展,产品市场竞争的加剧,利润空间受到很大压缩,摩托车企业都在致力于自身产品竞争力的建设。价值工程作为一门独特的思想及管理方法贯穿于产品设计的全过程,并根据产品定位的不同指导产品的开发,协调产品设计开发中安全性、经济性、适用性等性能间的相互关系,并寻求功能与成本之间最佳的对应配比,以尽量小的成本实现产品功能,提高产品质量,进而提高产品的竞争力。
本文针对摩托车产品设计的特点,借助价值工程的理论、技术及工作方法,在理念层面上,提出将价值工程思想融入到摩托车产品的设计中,使摩托车产品设计更为系统有效,满足用户不断变化的需求;在方法层面上,采用价值工程方法对其功能进行系统分析和评价,并运用网络分析法求得功能权重,并将研究成果应用到具体的摩托车产品设计中。
论文的主要研究内容如下:
首先,论文通过对国内外价值工程应用情况、理论研究现状及发展趋势等方面进行分析,为摩托车产品设计提供理论支持。
其次,针对摩托车产品的特点,阐述摩托车产品价值工程对象选择的原则及方法,对摩托车产品的功能进行定义、分类及整理,梳理摩托车的功能逻辑,建立摩托车功能系统图,研究摩托车性能特点,并结合摩托车功能系统图,建立功能设计模型。
第三,对目前常用的几种功能权重的求解方法进行比较分析,根据摩托车产品设计过程的多目标、多准则及非独立递阶的特点,采用了网络分析法求解摩托车产品的功能权重,详细描述了基于网络分析法的摩托车产品的功能重要度求解过程,并对摩托车产品进行了功能评价。
最后,基于以上的理论研究,将研究成果应用到某摩托车集团A款摩托车,求得其功能权重、零部件功能成本系数及价值系数,对各个零部件的可改善度进行分析,找出了该款产品的价值工程改善对象。验证了本论文提出的摩托车产品功能设计模型的正确性及ANP求解算法的可行性。
With the rapid economic development, product market competition intensifies, profit margin has been greatly compressed, and motorcycle companies are dedicated to their own products competitiveness building. Value engineering as a unique way of thinking and management methods is throughout the entire process of product design and in accordance with the different products positioning to guide product development, to coordinate safety, economy, fitness performance, inter-relations, and to seek the best function and the corresponding ratio between the cost and function,to achieve product functions and improve the product quality by the cost as low as possible, thereby to improve product competitiveness.
This paper is in the view of some characteristics of motorcycle products, and value engineering concepts and methods of work has been used. At the conceptual level , the value engineering idea was apposed into the design of motorcycle products so that motorcycle product design would be more systematic and effective that can meet the changing demand of the user; at the methodological level, the value engineering methodology was used for system analysis and evaluation of its function, and analysis capabilities important coefficients obtained by using analytic network process, and all research is applied into the specific motorcycle product design. The contents of the paper are as follows.
First, the paper analyses the application of value engineering,theoretical research,development and trends at home and abroad ,providing theoretical support for the motorcycle design.
Second, in the view of motorcycle product characteristic, the paper introduces motorcycle product value engineering principles and methods, the definition, classification, reorganization of motorcycle products functions are done, and motorcycle logical functions of are combed, the motorcycle function analysis system technique is build, in the view of performance characteristics of motorcycle and motorcycle function analysis system technique is studied, the motorcycle functional design model is established.
Third, several features of the current commonly used for solving the important coefficients have been done for a comparative analysis, according to motorcycle products multi-objective, multi-criteria and characteristics of non-independent hierarchical, a network analysis method is used to solve the important function of motorcycle products, a detailed description of the solution process of analysis of the function of an important degree of motorcycle products which is based on analytic network process, and the motorcycle products functional evaluation is done.
Finally, based on the above theoretical research, all the results will be applied in a motorcycle section of A motorcycle group, function weight and parts cost factor and the value function coefficients are obtained, individual components which can be improved are analyzed and the model of product value engineering improvement object are found out. Through the application,the accuracy of this model and the feasibility of ANP method are demonstrated, and illustrates the value of engineering applications of this study.
本文针对摩托车产品设计的特点,借助价值工程的理论、技术及工作方法,在理念层面上,提出将价值工程思想融入到摩托车产品的设计中,使摩托车产品设计更为系统有效,满足用户不断变化的需求;在方法层面上,采用价值工程方法对其功能进行系统分析和评价,并运用网络分析法求得功能权重,并将研究成果应用到具体的摩托车产品设计中。
论文的主要研究内容如下:
首先,论文通过对国内外价值工程应用情况、理论研究现状及发展趋势等方面进行分析,为摩托车产品设计提供理论支持。
其次,针对摩托车产品的特点,阐述摩托车产品价值工程对象选择的原则及方法,对摩托车产品的功能进行定义、分类及整理,梳理摩托车的功能逻辑,建立摩托车功能系统图,研究摩托车性能特点,并结合摩托车功能系统图,建立功能设计模型。
第三,对目前常用的几种功能权重的求解方法进行比较分析,根据摩托车产品设计过程的多目标、多准则及非独立递阶的特点,采用了网络分析法求解摩托车产品的功能权重,详细描述了基于网络分析法的摩托车产品的功能重要度求解过程,并对摩托车产品进行了功能评价。
最后,基于以上的理论研究,将研究成果应用到某摩托车集团A款摩托车,求得其功能权重、零部件功能成本系数及价值系数,对各个零部件的可改善度进行分析,找出了该款产品的价值工程改善对象。验证了本论文提出的摩托车产品功能设计模型的正确性及ANP求解算法的可行性。
With the rapid economic development, product market competition intensifies, profit margin has been greatly compressed, and motorcycle companies are dedicated to their own products competitiveness building. Value engineering as a unique way of thinking and management methods is throughout the entire process of product design and in accordance with the different products positioning to guide product development, to coordinate safety, economy, fitness performance, inter-relations, and to seek the best function and the corresponding ratio between the cost and function,to achieve product functions and improve the product quality by the cost as low as possible, thereby to improve product competitiveness.
This paper is in the view of some characteristics of motorcycle products, and value engineering concepts and methods of work has been used. At the conceptual level , the value engineering idea was apposed into the design of motorcycle products so that motorcycle product design would be more systematic and effective that can meet the changing demand of the user; at the methodological level, the value engineering methodology was used for system analysis and evaluation of its function, and analysis capabilities important coefficients obtained by using analytic network process, and all research is applied into the specific motorcycle product design. The contents of the paper are as follows.
First, the paper analyses the application of value engineering,theoretical research,development and trends at home and abroad ,providing theoretical support for the motorcycle design.
Second, in the view of motorcycle product characteristic, the paper introduces motorcycle product value engineering principles and methods, the definition, classification, reorganization of motorcycle products functions are done, and motorcycle logical functions of are combed, the motorcycle function analysis system technique is build, in the view of performance characteristics of motorcycle and motorcycle function analysis system technique is studied, the motorcycle functional design model is established.
Third, several features of the current commonly used for solving the important coefficients have been done for a comparative analysis, according to motorcycle products multi-objective, multi-criteria and characteristics of non-independent hierarchical, a network analysis method is used to solve the important function of motorcycle products, a detailed description of the solution process of analysis of the function of an important degree of motorcycle products which is based on analytic network process, and the motorcycle products functional evaluation is done.
Finally, based on the above theoretical research, all the results will be applied in a motorcycle section of A motorcycle group, function weight and parts cost factor and the value function coefficients are obtained, individual components which can be improved are analyzed and the model of product value engineering improvement object are found out. Through the application,the accuracy of this model and the feasibility of ANP method are demonstrated, and illustrates the value of engineering applications of this study.
引文
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[3]刘达斌,刘伟,徐晓刚.基于价值创新的产品开发成本设计[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2001,5(24):8-10.
[4]郝晶祥.中国摩托车行业整合战略研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007.
[5] Ming-Ran Lee, Mark McCarthy, Martin Romzek, et al. Exhaust System Design for Sound Quality[C].SAE, 2003-01一1645.
[6] Svend Gade M.Sc. What is Sound Quality [J]. Bruel&Kjaer magazine, 2007, (1): 20-23.
[7] Jiao Fenglei, Tian Jing, Liu Ke, et al. Listener clustering and subject assessment of car interior noise quality[J]. Technical Acoustic, 2006, 25(6): 568-572.
[8]王乃静.价值工程概论[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2006, 8- 187.
[9]杨建昊,金立顺.广义价值工程[M].北京,国防工业出版社,2009.
[10]李大龙.价值工程成本化评价方法在工程造价控制中的应用研究.华北电力大学[D],2009.
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[12]陈杰.价值工程在曲轴工艺分析中的应用[D].南京:南京理工大学,2007.
[13]罗伯特B.斯图尔特,邱蔻华.价值工程方法基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.3.
[14]谭浩邦,杨明.新编价值工程[M].广州:暨南大学出版社,1995.
[15]贾磊,价值工程理论在变压器设计中的应用研究分析[D].河北:华北电力大学,2007.
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[18] (美)Miles,L.D.,价值分析和价值工程技术[M],长沙,湖南大学出版社,1987.
[19]萧晓东.对我国VE应用现状的分析,中国价值工程辉煌成就20年[J].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1998.
[20]张彩江,李克华,徐咏梅.对我国价值工程理论与实践的回顾和影响降低的深层原因分析[[J].南开管理评论.2002.
[21] F. J. Gierse,著.刘耀乙,译.从价值分析到价值管理——一种概念阐述的尝试.工程设计[M],1999.
[22]刘朝全,卢爱珠.价值工程中的三个问题探讨.西南石油学院学报[J],1997,19(3).
[23]王利.价值工程在商业企业选择代理“品牌”中的应用[J].华东船舶工业学院学报,1999, 13(3).
[24]路义平.应用价值分析原理降低锅炉成本的方法[J].热能动力工程,1997,3.
[25]软金元.价值工程与标准化的关系[J].标准化报道,1999, 20(2).
[26]熊蓉,价值工程在项目管理中的应用研究[D].广州,暨南大学,2007.
[27]邓习树,李自光,陈晓静.基于价值工程的机械产品设计模式初探[J].机械设计与制造工程,2002,31(5):89-90.
[28]梁兴.机械产品设计与制造的价值工程应用[J].安阳大学学报, 2003(3): 86-87.
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