基于正八面体球面离散格网模型的全球遥感影像浏览系统研究
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摘要
随着空间技术和信息技术的不断进步与完善,特别是全球航天遥感与全球定位技术的迅速发展,遥感动态监测的范围不断扩大,以至于扩展到全球。使得人们能够获得有关地球的多分辨率、海量、实时的对地观测数据,为人类进行全球可持续发展研究、资源环境变化监测、灾害预警预报、国家安全保卫等,提供了丰富的空间基础数据。在这种背景下,传统的平面模型由于在处理大区域数据时投影变形大、缺乏多尺度表达,已不能完全满足全球空间信息管理的需要。而球面离散格网模型具有全球性、连续性、层次性和动态性的特点,成为解决问题的有效方法之一,有望从根本上解决传统平面模型存在的局限。本文围绕球面离散网格模型进行研究,完成的主要工作如下:
1.分析了平面模型在大区域或全球范围应用中存在的局限,对球面离散格网模型的国内外研究现状进行分类介绍,分析了虚拟地球产品显示的原理与存在缺陷,指出了研究意义和研究中存在的问题。
2.以球体内接正八面体为基础,实现了对球面进行递归剖分和QTM剖分,感兴趣区域进行局部高精度剖分。任何方式的球面剖分都不能达到理想中的等面积、等形状,但是格网单元变形分析结果说明:单元形状和面积的分布有一定的规律,随剖分层次的增加,其变化趋于稳定,保证了较深层次剖分在应用中的可靠性。
3.定义了格网单元的编码方式,采用Morton码对任意一个格网编码,编码具有唯一性,这种编码方式对递归剖分和QTM剖分都适用,根据编码可以查找一定范围内的格网单元。通过转换算法实现了编码与经纬度之间的转换。给出了球面距离与面积的计算公式。
4.定义了正向转换和逆向转换的球面离散格网影像转换方法,实现了影像到球面离散格网的正向转换。给出了球面离散格网的文件存储方法,及文件管理与索引的方式。
5.设计了球面离散格网原型系统,利用全球影像和风云三号卫星的遥感数据,做了球面影像多层次表达、复合分析和影像融合的实验。球面离散格网影像数据量小,格网单元大小相近、形状相似,可以进行多层次表达。
As space technology and information technology continue to progress and improve, especially in the global remote sensing and global positioning technology,the scope of the remote sensing dynamic monitoring extended to global.It is possible for people to obtain multi-resolution,massive,real-time observation data of the earth.With these information people can research global sustainable development,monitor resources and environmental changes,forecast disaster early-warning,defend national security and so on.Under this background,the traditional data model plane can not fully meet the global spatial information management.It is an effective way to build a global, continuity,and dynamic levels of spherical data model to solve the problem.The new model will settle the limitations of the traditional model.In this paper,the studies are around the discrete global grids model,finish the main job is as follows:
1.The paper analyzes existing limitations of the traditional plane model in applying on large regional or global scope.It classifies the internal and abroad studies in three types,then lists the main features of discrete grids model.It also introduces the differences between discrete global grids model and the traditional vector model,grid model,makes some simple comparison between virtual earth products both at home and abroad,and explains its video display Principle and defects.
2.Second followed the spherical surface based on octahedron achieves a recursive subdivision and QTM subdivision,and region of interest for local high-precision subdivision.Global grids in any way can not reach the ideal of equal-area,such as shape,but cell shape and size distribution have the law,with the subdivision level increases,the changes tended to stabilize so as to ensure the reliability in applying during deeper the level of subdivision.
3.Defines the grid unit encoding Morton code,which is unique encoding. Accordance with the Morton code can search the grids within a certain range. Implement the conversion between Morton code and latitude longitude through algorithm.Introduce spherical distance and area measurement method.
4.Introduce the image transformation method in Clarendon Laboratory of Oxford University and in Resources Institute of China Mining University.Analyze the transformation method between remote sensing and global grids.Have designed discrete global grids file storage method,files management and indexing.
5.The discrete global grids are applied in astronomical observations,atmospheric circulation study.Introduce Discrete Grids image applications with FengYun No.3 data.
1.分析了平面模型在大区域或全球范围应用中存在的局限,对球面离散格网模型的国内外研究现状进行分类介绍,分析了虚拟地球产品显示的原理与存在缺陷,指出了研究意义和研究中存在的问题。
2.以球体内接正八面体为基础,实现了对球面进行递归剖分和QTM剖分,感兴趣区域进行局部高精度剖分。任何方式的球面剖分都不能达到理想中的等面积、等形状,但是格网单元变形分析结果说明:单元形状和面积的分布有一定的规律,随剖分层次的增加,其变化趋于稳定,保证了较深层次剖分在应用中的可靠性。
3.定义了格网单元的编码方式,采用Morton码对任意一个格网编码,编码具有唯一性,这种编码方式对递归剖分和QTM剖分都适用,根据编码可以查找一定范围内的格网单元。通过转换算法实现了编码与经纬度之间的转换。给出了球面距离与面积的计算公式。
4.定义了正向转换和逆向转换的球面离散格网影像转换方法,实现了影像到球面离散格网的正向转换。给出了球面离散格网的文件存储方法,及文件管理与索引的方式。
5.设计了球面离散格网原型系统,利用全球影像和风云三号卫星的遥感数据,做了球面影像多层次表达、复合分析和影像融合的实验。球面离散格网影像数据量小,格网单元大小相近、形状相似,可以进行多层次表达。
As space technology and information technology continue to progress and improve, especially in the global remote sensing and global positioning technology,the scope of the remote sensing dynamic monitoring extended to global.It is possible for people to obtain multi-resolution,massive,real-time observation data of the earth.With these information people can research global sustainable development,monitor resources and environmental changes,forecast disaster early-warning,defend national security and so on.Under this background,the traditional data model plane can not fully meet the global spatial information management.It is an effective way to build a global, continuity,and dynamic levels of spherical data model to solve the problem.The new model will settle the limitations of the traditional model.In this paper,the studies are around the discrete global grids model,finish the main job is as follows:
1.The paper analyzes existing limitations of the traditional plane model in applying on large regional or global scope.It classifies the internal and abroad studies in three types,then lists the main features of discrete grids model.It also introduces the differences between discrete global grids model and the traditional vector model,grid model,makes some simple comparison between virtual earth products both at home and abroad,and explains its video display Principle and defects.
2.Second followed the spherical surface based on octahedron achieves a recursive subdivision and QTM subdivision,and region of interest for local high-precision subdivision.Global grids in any way can not reach the ideal of equal-area,such as shape,but cell shape and size distribution have the law,with the subdivision level increases,the changes tended to stabilize so as to ensure the reliability in applying during deeper the level of subdivision.
3.Defines the grid unit encoding Morton code,which is unique encoding. Accordance with the Morton code can search the grids within a certain range. Implement the conversion between Morton code and latitude longitude through algorithm.Introduce spherical distance and area measurement method.
4.Introduce the image transformation method in Clarendon Laboratory of Oxford University and in Resources Institute of China Mining University.Analyze the transformation method between remote sensing and global grids.Have designed discrete global grids file storage method,files management and indexing.
5.The discrete global grids are applied in astronomical observations,atmospheric circulation study.Introduce Discrete Grids image applications with FengYun No.3 data.
引文
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