三种多糖和冷冻平衡时间对牛精液冷冻效果影响的研究
|
摘要
从上世纪80年代以来牛精液冷冻和人工授精技术得到了迅速的发展,并在实际应用中得到大力的推广。为了进一步提高牛精液冷冻-解冻效果,优化冷冻程序,保护和提高牛精子抗低温打击的能力,本试验以红景天多糖、褐藻胶、海藻糖作为冷冻保护剂和牛精液冷冻稀释平衡时间作为研究内容,以冷冻解冻后精子的活力、活率、线粒体活性、质膜完整率和顶体完整率作为评价指标,利用碘化丙啶(PI)、罗丹明123、低渗肿胀试验(HOST)和异硫氰酸荧光素连接的花生凝集素(PITC-PNA)分别检测了精子的活力、线粒体活性、质膜完整率和顶体完整率,并且探讨了红景天多糖、褐藻胶和海藻糖对牛精子冷冻解冻前后SOD、LDH和GOT酶活性的影响,得到如下结果:
1在牛的精液冷冻过程中,在传统的稀释液TCG基础上,添加质量分数为6%的红景天多糖,6%的褐藻胶,4%的海藻糖均可提高牛精子冻后活力、活率、质膜完整率,顶体完整率都显著好于对照组,其中添加6%的褐藻胶的效果最佳,差异显著。冷冻保存效果依次为褐藻胶>红景天多糖>海藻糖。
2将红景天多糖、褐藻胶和海藻糖以一定的比例两两搭配添加到牛精液冷冻的稀释液中,研究红景天多糖、褐藻胶和海藻糖对牛精液冷冻保护的互作效应,试验结果表明添加0.04mg/mL红景天多糖和0.4mg/mL褐藻胶处理组的冻后效果最佳,与对照组相比精液冻后活力、活率、质膜完整率、线粒体活性和顶替完整率都有显著提高,差异显著。
3在精液冷冻过程中SOD的活性从鲜精到冷冻-解冻后逐渐降低,而LDH和GOT的活力的变化规律是从鲜精到冷冻-解冻后逐渐升高。分别添加0.06mg/mL的红景天多糖、0.6mg/mL的褐藻胶和0.4mg/mL的海藻糖的效果明显好于其它组和对照组,差异显著(P<0.05)。其中添加0.6mg/mL的褐藻胶效果最佳,SOD平衡后的活力比对照组提高7.13%,解冻后提高了27.81%;LDH平衡后降低了5.56%,解冻后降低了12.5%;GOT平衡后降低了4.14%,解冻后降低了11.07%。
4为了克服夏季牛精液品质下降与冷冻效果降低,本试验将二次稀释平衡时间的第一次时间设定为:60min、90min、120min和150min;第二次时间设定为:30min、45min、60min和75min,以4h(第一阶段2h,第二阶段2h)做为对照进行交叉试验。结果发现第一次稀释平衡90min和第二次稀释平衡45min冷冻保存效果最佳。精子活力、活率、质膜完整率、线粒体完整率和顶体完整率均明显高于其它平衡时间组和对照组,分别提高了11.41%、10.96%、10.41%、10.81%和15.99%,差异显著。
Bull semen freezing and artificial insemination technology had been developing quickly since 1980s , they were widely used for practical application. In order to improve bull sperm freezing– thawing, optimize freezing procedure, protect and improve the bull semen’s ability of rejecting hypothermia, we used cryoprotectant( such as Radix Phodiolae Polyose、Sodium Alginate、trehalose) and bull semen freezing diluting equilibrium time as content of this study, took sperm viability, sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity as evaluation index, utilized propidium iodide(PI)、rhodamine 123、HOST and Peanut Agglutinin(PITC-PNA)which was connected with fluorescein isothiocyanate to respectively detect the index mentioned above, also studied the effects of Radix Phodiolae Polyose、Sodium Alginate、trehalose on the SOD、LHD and GOT activity of bull semen after freezing and thawing, we got results as following:
During the semen freezing procedure, we added 6% Radix Phodiolae Polyose, 6% Sodium Alginate, 4% trehalose into traditional diluent TCG, and these groups could improve sperm viability, sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity comparing with control group, among them the effect of 6% Sodium Alginate was the best and the difference with control group was significant(p<0.05). The freezing effects were Sodium Alginate > Radix Phodiolae Polyose > trehalose.
Match two of Radix Phodiolae Polyose、Sodium Alginate、trehalose respectively, then added them into diluent, studied the mutual freezing protection effects of Radix Phodiolae Polyose、Sodium Alginate、trehalose on bull sperm . The results showed that the group which were added 0.04mg/mL Radix Phodiolae Polyose and 0.4mg/mL Sodium Alginate was the best , compared with control group ,it could significantly improve sperm viability, sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity (p<0.05).
During the semen freezing procedure, the activity of SOD gradually decreased from fresh sperm, sperm freezing to sperm thawing, the activity of LHD and GOT were gradually increasing. The groups which were respectively added 0.06mg/mL Radix Phodiolae Polyose、0.6mg/mL Sodium Alginate and 0.4mg/mL trehalose were better then the other treatment groups and control group (P<0.05). Among them 0.06mg/mL Radix Phodiolae Polyose group was the best , the activity of SOD had improved 7.13% compared with control group after equilibrium, improved 27.81% after thawing; LDH had decreased 5.56% after equilibrium, decreased 12.5% after thawing; GOT had decreased 4.14% after equilibrium, decreased 11.07% after thawing.
In order to overcome the decreasing of bull sperm quality and freezing effects, we set the first timing of diluting equilibrium time as : 60min、90min、120min and 150min;the second timing were: 30min、45min、60min and 75min,took 4h(first step 2h,second step 2h) as control and proceeded crossover trial. We found the freezing effects of first diluting equilibrium 90 min and the second diluting equilibrium 45 min were better then others, sperm motility, sperm viability, plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, and acrosome integritywere higher then the other treatment groups and control group, respectively increased 11.41%,10.96%,10.41%,10.81% and 15.99%(P<0.05).
1在牛的精液冷冻过程中,在传统的稀释液TCG基础上,添加质量分数为6%的红景天多糖,6%的褐藻胶,4%的海藻糖均可提高牛精子冻后活力、活率、质膜完整率,顶体完整率都显著好于对照组,其中添加6%的褐藻胶的效果最佳,差异显著。冷冻保存效果依次为褐藻胶>红景天多糖>海藻糖。
2将红景天多糖、褐藻胶和海藻糖以一定的比例两两搭配添加到牛精液冷冻的稀释液中,研究红景天多糖、褐藻胶和海藻糖对牛精液冷冻保护的互作效应,试验结果表明添加0.04mg/mL红景天多糖和0.4mg/mL褐藻胶处理组的冻后效果最佳,与对照组相比精液冻后活力、活率、质膜完整率、线粒体活性和顶替完整率都有显著提高,差异显著。
3在精液冷冻过程中SOD的活性从鲜精到冷冻-解冻后逐渐降低,而LDH和GOT的活力的变化规律是从鲜精到冷冻-解冻后逐渐升高。分别添加0.06mg/mL的红景天多糖、0.6mg/mL的褐藻胶和0.4mg/mL的海藻糖的效果明显好于其它组和对照组,差异显著(P<0.05)。其中添加0.6mg/mL的褐藻胶效果最佳,SOD平衡后的活力比对照组提高7.13%,解冻后提高了27.81%;LDH平衡后降低了5.56%,解冻后降低了12.5%;GOT平衡后降低了4.14%,解冻后降低了11.07%。
4为了克服夏季牛精液品质下降与冷冻效果降低,本试验将二次稀释平衡时间的第一次时间设定为:60min、90min、120min和150min;第二次时间设定为:30min、45min、60min和75min,以4h(第一阶段2h,第二阶段2h)做为对照进行交叉试验。结果发现第一次稀释平衡90min和第二次稀释平衡45min冷冻保存效果最佳。精子活力、活率、质膜完整率、线粒体完整率和顶体完整率均明显高于其它平衡时间组和对照组,分别提高了11.41%、10.96%、10.41%、10.81%和15.99%,差异显著。
Bull semen freezing and artificial insemination technology had been developing quickly since 1980s , they were widely used for practical application. In order to improve bull sperm freezing– thawing, optimize freezing procedure, protect and improve the bull semen’s ability of rejecting hypothermia, we used cryoprotectant( such as Radix Phodiolae Polyose、Sodium Alginate、trehalose) and bull semen freezing diluting equilibrium time as content of this study, took sperm viability, sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity as evaluation index, utilized propidium iodide(PI)、rhodamine 123、HOST and Peanut Agglutinin(PITC-PNA)which was connected with fluorescein isothiocyanate to respectively detect the index mentioned above, also studied the effects of Radix Phodiolae Polyose、Sodium Alginate、trehalose on the SOD、LHD and GOT activity of bull semen after freezing and thawing, we got results as following:
During the semen freezing procedure, we added 6% Radix Phodiolae Polyose, 6% Sodium Alginate, 4% trehalose into traditional diluent TCG, and these groups could improve sperm viability, sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity comparing with control group, among them the effect of 6% Sodium Alginate was the best and the difference with control group was significant(p<0.05). The freezing effects were Sodium Alginate > Radix Phodiolae Polyose > trehalose.
Match two of Radix Phodiolae Polyose、Sodium Alginate、trehalose respectively, then added them into diluent, studied the mutual freezing protection effects of Radix Phodiolae Polyose、Sodium Alginate、trehalose on bull sperm . The results showed that the group which were added 0.04mg/mL Radix Phodiolae Polyose and 0.4mg/mL Sodium Alginate was the best , compared with control group ,it could significantly improve sperm viability, sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity (p<0.05).
During the semen freezing procedure, the activity of SOD gradually decreased from fresh sperm, sperm freezing to sperm thawing, the activity of LHD and GOT were gradually increasing. The groups which were respectively added 0.06mg/mL Radix Phodiolae Polyose、0.6mg/mL Sodium Alginate and 0.4mg/mL trehalose were better then the other treatment groups and control group (P<0.05). Among them 0.06mg/mL Radix Phodiolae Polyose group was the best , the activity of SOD had improved 7.13% compared with control group after equilibrium, improved 27.81% after thawing; LDH had decreased 5.56% after equilibrium, decreased 12.5% after thawing; GOT had decreased 4.14% after equilibrium, decreased 11.07% after thawing.
In order to overcome the decreasing of bull sperm quality and freezing effects, we set the first timing of diluting equilibrium time as : 60min、90min、120min and 150min;the second timing were: 30min、45min、60min and 75min,took 4h(first step 2h,second step 2h) as control and proceeded crossover trial. We found the freezing effects of first diluting equilibrium 90 min and the second diluting equilibrium 45 min were better then others, sperm motility, sperm viability, plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, and acrosome integritywere higher then the other treatment groups and control group, respectively increased 11.41%,10.96%,10.41%,10.81% and 15.99%(P<0.05).
引文
陈田飞,吴大洋,李春峰. 2004.家蚕冷冻精液超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性分析.蚕学通讯,24(4):9-14.
邓福金等. 2009.降温平衡对牛冷冻精液质量的影响.吉林畜牧兽医:2-3
高飞,岳奎忠,杨增明. 2004.猪精液液态保存的研究进展.中国畜牧兽医, (6):46-49
公牛精子顶体检查技术规范.中国奶牛协会主编
顾艳丽,王东凯. 2003.红景天的研究进展.中国医药学报, 19(9)
韩毅冰,邹纯霞,秦鹏春等. 1997透明质酸对猪精子活率、获能、顶体反应及体外受精穿透率的影响.中国兽医学报, 17(6):600-05
黄全成,丑生,文彪等. 1993.冻精液新技术研究试验报告.甘肃畜牧兽医, 23:4-6
江中良,李青旺. 2003.猪精液冷冻技术研究进展.家畜生态,24(4):51-54
金穗华,刘桂霞. 1990.不同稀释法对牛精子冷冻前后性状的作用和影响.四川畜牧兽医, (2):4-6.
李八方.徐杰. 2003.3种海藻多糖调血脂作用比较研究,上海水产大学,中国海洋药物,第22卷(3):
李刚,精液冷冻保存技术研究. [硕士论文].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2005
李素文主编. 2001 .细胞生物学实验指导. 10(1).北京:高等教育出版社/施普林格出版社
李素文主编. 2001.细胞生物学试验指导.北京:高等教育出版社/施普林格出版社.
李西林,南艺雷. 2006.红景天多糖的化学药理研究进展.中国中医药信息杂志, 3(13):109-110
李震钟,时学,建超等. 1979.繁殖技术进展.重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社.
梁桂宁,谢露,梁志锋等. 2006.海带多糖对应激小鼠脑组织SOD、MDA的影响.右江民族医学院学报,8(3):333-334
刘铁铮,谢成侠. 1983.不同温度下水牛和奶牛精子细微结构与细胞外酶活性的变化.南京农学院学报,(3):69-81
刘玉,张晓霞,张海涛,送彩荣,王丽云. 2009.延长平衡时间和提高冷冻保护剂的比例对牛冷冻精液冻后活力的影响.第六届全国低温生物医学及器械学术大会:122-124
卢晟盛,李琳,胡传话,谢莉萍,卢克焕. 2008.不同甘油浓度与平衡时间对食蟹猴精液冷冻效果的影响.动物学杂志:50-55
马美湖. 1995.精液冷冻保存研究进展.中国畜牧杂志:3-36
聂凌鸿,宁正祥. 2001.藻糖的生物保护作用.生命化学, 3(21)206:209
齐刚.张莉. 2001.海藻酸铝抗溃疡作用的研究,中草药,32 (02): 149-151
桑润滋. 2002.动物繁殖生物技术.北京:中国农业出版社:89-210.
宋博,郑履康,邓丽霞等.单细胞凝胶电泳用于检测人精子DNA链断裂.中华医学遗传学杂志,17(4):253-254
台日秀林,龙翔. 1998.不同冷冻保护剂在猪精液冷冻中的作用效果.四川畜牧兽医学院学,12(2):25-27
田丽梅,王曼. 2006.枸杞多糖的提取分离和其组成研究.中国中药杂志, 10(19):1603-1606
吴石坚,典新. 1990.冻精液人工授精的推广与应用(1981-1988)中国畜牧杂志, 26
谢成侠,铁铮编著. 1994.家畜繁殖原理及其应用.南京:江苏科学技术出版社:42
辛国省等. 2008. pH值和甘油平衡时间对藏獒精液冷冻保存活力的影响.甘肃农业大学学报:18-21
徐西长,丁福红,李军.单细胞凝胶电泳用于检测低温保存的真鲷(pagrosomus major)精子DNA损伤.海洋与湖泊,36:221-225
许实波.赵桂玲.曾志.郑国栋.1998.褐藻酸钠硫酸酯的抗凝血及抗血栓作用,热带海洋第17卷(02):32-37
严忠慎. 1987.猪精液低温保存和受胎成绩.江苏农学院学报,(1):31-36
阎俊,罗琼,杨明亮等. 2003.海带多糖抗脂质过氧化作用的研究[J].武汉大学学报(医学版), 24(3):219-221
张树山,李青旺,李刚等. 2006.海藻糖、蔗糖和乳糖对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),6:41-45
赵建军等. 2006.冷冻稀释液渗透压、抗冻剂和平衡时间对鸡颗粒冻精冻后活率的影响.甘肃农业大学学报: 14-17
赵峡.于广利.李少平.吕志华.徐家敏.2002.几种海藻多糖硫酸酯碱式铝盐的制备,上海水产大学,青岛海洋大学学报第32卷(3): 385-390
中国科学技术情报研究所重庆分所.1979.家畜繁殖技术进展.重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社:78
周佳勃,罗明玖,常仲乐等. 2004.影响山羊体外受精的因素.动物学报. 50(2):216-221
周佳勃. 2000.精液冷冻及室温保存技术研究.[硕士论文].黑龙江:东北农业大学
朱世海. 1997.奶牛冻精活性与精液品质相关性分析.青海畜牧兽医杂志, 27 (5):26-27
朱世海. 1997.牛冻精酶活性与精液品质相关性分析.青海畜牧兽医杂志,7(5):26-27
Aboagla EM,Terada T. 2003.Trehalose-enhanced fluidity of the goat sperm memebrane and its protection during freezung.Biol Reprod, 69:1245-1250
Ai Wei Wang,HuaZhang,IsaoI kemoto, DeborahJ. 1997.Anderson and Kevin R.Loughlin.Reactive oxygen species generation by seminal cells during cryopreservation.Urology, 49 (6):921-925
Alex P. 2005.Preservation mechanisms of trehalose in food and biosystems.Collids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 40:107-113
Alireza Fazeli, Willem J.Hage, Feng-Pang Cheng. 1997.Acrosome-intact boar spermatozoa initiate binding to the homologous zona pellucida in vitro. Biology of Reproduction,56: 430-438
Almlid T, Johnson LA. 1998.Effects of glycerol concentration, equilibration time and temperation of glycerol addition on post-thaw viability of boar spermatozoa frozen in straws. J Anim Sci, 66(11):2899-2905
Analysis of proliferation and terminal differentiation of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells by a rapid colorimetric assay. 1990.Journal of Immunological Methods, Vol128, Issue 1:47-148
Ball BA, Medina V, Gravance CG, Baumbe J. 2001,Effect of antioxidants on preservation of motility,viabilityand acrosomal integrity of equine spermatozoa during storage at 5 degrees.Theriogenology,56:577–89
Bamba K, Cran DG. 1988, Further studies on rapid dilution and warming of boar semen. Reprod Fertil,82:509-518
Bamba K, Cran DG. 1988.urther studies on rapid dilution and warming of boar semen[J]. Journal Reproduction Fertile,82:509-518
Bayarad TS, Esther EN, Kathleen AT. 1998.Comparison fo glycerol,other polyols,trehalose andraffinose to provide a defined cryprotectant medium for mouse sperm cryopreservationCryobiology, 37:46-58
Bayarad TS,Esther EN, Kathleen AT. 1998.Comparison of glycerol, other polyols, trehalose, andraffinose to provide a defined cryoprotectant medium for mouse sperm cryopreservation. Cryobiology, 37:46-58.
Bilodeau JF, Chatterjee S, Sirard MA, Gagnon C. 2000.Levels of antioxidant defenses are decreased in bovinespermatozoa after a cycle of freezing and thawing.Mol Reprod Dev,55:282-288
Buhr MM. 1990.Preservation of boar sperm alters membranemolecular dynamics.Reprod Domest Anim, Suppl1:81-93
Burks, Sailing. 1992.Molecular mechanisms of fertilization and activiation of development. Animal Reproduction Science,28:79-86
Bwanga CO. 1991.Cryopreservation of boar semen I: a literature review. Acta Vet Scand, 32:431-453
Cerolini S, Zaniboni A, Maldjian T,et al. 2006. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid and a-tocopherol enrichment in chicken sperm on semen quality, sperm lipid composition and susceptibility to peroxidation.Theriogenoligy,66:877-886
Chatterjee S,Gagnon C. 2001.production of reactive oxygen species by spermatozoa undergoing cooling,freezing,and thawing.Mol Reprod Dev, 59:451-458
Chen Y, Foote RH, Brockett CC. 1993.Effect of sucrose, trehalose, hypotaurine, taurine, and blood serum on survival of frozen bull sperm. Cryobiology.30:423-31
Cochran JD, Amann RP, Squires EL, et al. 1983.Fertility of frozen-thawed stallion semen extended in lactose -EDTA-egg yolk extender and packaged in 1.0ml straws. Therigenology ,20(6):735-741
Cordova, Ducolomb, Jimenez, et al. 1997.In vitro fertilizing capacity of frozen-thawed boar semen.Theriogenology,47:1309-1317
Cormier, Sirard, Bailey. 1997.Premature capacitation of bovine spermatozoa is initiated by cryoperservation.Journal of Andrology ,18:461-468
Crabo BG, Einarsson S. 1971.Fertility of deep frozen boar spermatozoa. Acta vetscand, 12:125-127 Cristanelli MJ, Squires EL, et al. 1984.ertility of stallion semen processed, frozen and thawed by a new procedure. Therigenology, 22(1):39-45
Cross ,Stanley Meizel. 1989.Methods for evaluating the acrosomal status of mammalian sperm. Biology of Reproduction,41:635-641
Cross NL. 1998.Role of cholesterol in sperm capacitation.Biology Reproduction, 59:7-11. Dalimata AM, Graham J K. 1997. Cryopreservation of rabbit spermatozoa using acetamide in combination with trehalose and methyl cellulose. Theriogenology, 48: 831-841
Darin-Bennett A, Poulos A, White IG..1973.The effect of cold shock and freeze-thawing on release of phospholipids by ram, bull and boar spermatozoa. Australia Journal Biology Science ,15:213-226
De Leeuw FE, ColenbranderB, Verkleij AJ. 1990.The role membrane damage plays in cold shock and freezing injury.Reprod. Domest.Anim.,1( Suppl): 95-104
Den Daas,De Jong,Lansbergen, et al . 1998.The relationship between the number of spermatozoa inseminated and the reproductive efficiency of individual dairy bulls .Journal of dairy science, 81: 1714-1723
Donnelly ET, McClure N, Lewis SE. 2000.Glutathione and hypotaurine in vitro: effects on humansperm motility,DNA integrity and production of reactive oxygen species. Mutagenesis,15:61-68
Eddy EM, Obrien DA. 1994.The spermatozoon, The Physiology of Reprodution.New York:aven Press ,29-77
Eiman MEA, Takato T. 2004. Effect of the supplementation of trehalose extender containing egg yoly with sodium sulfate on the freeze ability of goat spermatozoa.Theriogenology,62:809-818
Eriksson BM, Petersson H, Rodriguez-Maryinez H. 2002.ield fertility with exported boar semen frozen in the new flatpack container. Therigenology, 58(6):1065-1079
Eriksson, Petersson, Martinez. 2002. Field fertility with exported boar semen frozen in the new FlatPack container. Theriogenology, 58: 1065-1079
Eriksson, Rodriguesz-Maetinez. 2000.Effect of freezing and thawing rates on the post-thaw viability of boar spermatozoa frozen in FlatPacks and Maxi-straws. Animal Repreduction Science, 63:205-220
Eriksson, Vazquez, Martinez, et al. 2001.Effects of holding time during cooling and of type of package on plasma membrane integrity, motility and in vitro oocyte penetration ability of frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa.Theriogenology,55: 1593-1605
Fernandez JL, Muriel L, Rivero MT, et al. 2003.The sperm chromatin dispersion test: a simple method for the determination of sperm DNA fragmentation.J Androl,,24(1):59-66
Fiser P S,Fairfull R W. 1989.The effect of glycerol2relatedosmotic changes on post 2 thaw motility and acrosomalintegrity of ram spermatozoa .Cryobiology ,26 :64-69
Fiser PS, Fairfull RW. 1996.Combined effect of glycerol concentration and cooling velocity on motility and acrosomal integrity of boar spermatozoa frozen in 0.5ml straws.Molecular Reproduction Development, 25:123-129
Franser , Strzezek.2005. Effects of Freezing-Thawing on DNA integrity of boar permatozoa assessed by the neutral comet assay.Reprod dom anim,40:530-536
Funahashi H,Sano T. 2005Select antioxidants improve the function of extended boar semen stored at 10℃.Theriogenology, 63:1605-1616
Gadea. 2005.Sperm factors related to in vitro and in vivo porcine fertility. Theriogenology, 63:431-444 Gadea. 2005.Sperm factors related to in vitro and in vivo porcine fertility[J]. Theriogenology,63:431-444
Gadea. 2005.Sperm factors related to in vitro and in vivo porcine fertility.Theriogen- GadeUa BM,Colenbrander B,Lopes-Cardozo M. 1991.Arylsulfatases are present in seminal plasma of several domestic manlma. Biol Reprod,45(3):381-386
Gallenkemper Georg. 1998.Contact sensitization in chronic venous insufficiency:modern wound dressings, 38(05) : 274-278
Garcia D,Castro A. 2000.Tunnaclirfe A.Intracellular trehalose improves osmotolerance but not desiccatiotolerance in mammalian cells.FEBS Letter, 487:199-202.
Garner, Johnson. 1995.Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using SYBR-14 and Propidium Iodide.Biology of Reproduction, 53: 276-284
Garner, Johnson. 1995.Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using SYBR-14 and Propidium Iodide.Biology of Reproduction, 53: 276-284
Garner, Johnson. 1995.Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using SYBR-14 and Propidium Iodide.Biology of Reproduction,53:276-284
Garner, Thomas, Joerg, et al. 1997.Fluorometric assessments of mitochondrial function and viability in cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa. Biology of Reproduction, 57: 1401-1406
Graham EF, Rajamannan AHJ, Schmel MKL, Maki-Laurila M. Bower RE. 1971.reliminary report om a procedure and rationale for freezing boar semen.JAI Digest, 19:12-14
Guerin P, Menezo Y. 1995.Hypotaurine and taurine in gamete and embryo environments: de novo synthesis via the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway in oviduct cells. Zygote 3:333-343
Hammadeh ME,Askari AS,Georg T,et al. 1999.Effect of freeze-thawing procedure on chromatin stability,morphological alteration and membrane integrity of human spermatozoa in fertile and subfertile men. 52:155-162.
Hammerstedt RAP, Andres JC. 1997.Metabolic support of normothermia. In:Karow AW,Critser JK(eds).Reproductive Tissue Banking.San Diego:Academic Press,139-166
Harrison RAP, Ashworin PJC, Miller NGA. 1996.Bicarbonate/CO2,an effector of capacitation, induces a rapid and revensible change in the lipid architecture of boar sperm plasma membranes. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 45:378-391.
Harrison RAP. 1996.apacition mechanisms: and the role of capacition as seen in eutherian animals. Reprod Fertil Dev, 8:581-594
He L, Bailey JL, Buhr MM. 2001.Incorporating lipids into boar sperm decreases chilling sensitivity but not capacitation potential.Biology of Roprod,64:69-79
Hess Cathy Thomas. 2000. Addressing wounds. Nurs Manage, 31 (09): 73-75
Hess Cathy Thomas. 2000.When to use alginate dressings. Advances in Skin and Wound Care. (02) : http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3977/is_200005/ai_n8892382/ Holmes RP, Goodman HO, Shihabi ZK, Jarow JP. 1992. The taurine and hypotaurine content of human semen. JAndrol,13:289-292
Huang YH,Chu ST,Chen YH. 2000.A seminal vesicles autoantigen of mouse is able to suppress sperm Capacitation-related events stimulated by serumalbumin.Biol Reprod, 63:1562-1566
HuangSY, Kuo YH, Lee WC, et al. 1999.Substantial decrease of heat-shock protein90 precedes the decline of sperm motility during cooling of boar spermatozoa.Theriogenology , 51:1007 -1016
Huo LJ,Yang ZM. 2000.ffects of platelet activating factor on capacita2tion and acrosome reaction in mouse spermatozoa. Molecular Reproductin and Development, 56:436-440
Ichioka Shigeru. 1998.An Experimental Comparison of Hydrocolloid and Alginate Dressings,and the Effect of Calcium Ions on the Behaviour of Alginate Gel, 32(03) : 311-316
Ivanova M,Mollova M,Ivanova-Kicheva MG,et al. 1999.Effect of cryopreservation on zona-binding capacity of canine spermatozoa in vitro.Theriogenology, 52(1):163-170.
Jansen HB. 1998.The influence of cooling rates practiced in the Netherlands on the survival of bovine spermatozoa packaged in 0.25ml French straws. Proceeding of 11th International Congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination,3:258
Jeyendran, Van. 1984.Development of an assay to assess the functional integrity of the human sperm membrane and its relationship to other semen characterstics. Journal of Reproduction and fertility, 70:219-225
Joaqul'n Gadea,lena Selle's Marco Antonio Marco, et al. 2004.Decrease in glutathione content in boar sperm after cryopreservation effect of the addition of reduced glutathiore to the freezing and thawingextenders.Theriogenology,62:690-701
Johnson LA, Weitze KF, Fiser P, et al. 2000.Storage of boar semen. Anim Reprod Sci,62(1-3):143-172
Johnson LA, Weitze KF, Fiser P, et al. 2000.Storage of boar semen[J]. Anim Reprod Sci, 62(1-3):143-172
Johnson LA, Weitze KF, Fiser P, Maxwell WMC. 2000.Storage of boar semen.Anim Reprod Sci, 6 2:143-172
Johnson LA,Weitze KF,Faiser P,et al. 2000.Storage of boar semen.Animal Reproduction Science ,62:143-172.
Jonhnson L A. 1985.Fertility results using frozen boar spema-tozoa 1970-985/JOHNSON A,LARSSON K.Deep freezing of Boar Semen.Swaden:SLU,Uppsala:199-220
Juan, Emilio, Jordi, et al. 2005.Improving the effiency of sperm technologirs in pigs:the value of deep intrauterine insemination.Theriogenology,63:536-547
Kawakami E, Kashiwagi C, Hori T,et al. 2001.Effect s of canine oviduct epithelial cells on movement and capacitation of homologous spermatozoa in vitro.Anim Reprod Sci,68 (122):121-131
Kordan W, Strzezek J. 2002.Effect of platelet2activating factor ( PAF)on motility parameters and plasmalemma integrity of boar spermatozoa. Animal Science Papers and Reports, 20(1):37-45
Krska Janet. 2000.Drug utilization evaluation of nonprescription H2-receptor antagonists andalginate-containing preparations for dyspepsia ,49(04): 363–368
Krzyzosiak J,Evenson D,P itt C,et al. 2000.Changes in susceptibility of bovine sperm to in situ DNA denaturation during prolonged incubation at ambient temperature under conditions of exposure to reactive oxygen species and nuclease inhibitor.Reprod Fertil Dev, 12:251-261
Labble C, Martoriati A, Devaux A et al, 2001. Effect of sperm cryopreservation on sperm DNA integrity in developing plant in rainbow trout. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 60:397-404
Landim-Alvarenga F C, Medeiros A S, Papa F O,et al. 2005.Evaluation of acrosomal integrity of stallions cryopreserved with amides and glycerol.Anim Reprod Sci, 89(1):288-291
Lansdown Alan B G Calcium. 2002.A potential central regulator in wound healing in the skin. 10(05) : 271-285
Larsson K, Einasson S, Bane A. 1976.he fertility of boar spermatozoa after freeing by two methods. The international congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial insemination Conmmunation Abstracts,1:152
Larsson K,Einasson S,Bane A. 1976.he fertility of boar spermatozoa after freezing by two different methods.The international congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial insemination Communication Abstracts,1:152.
Lindsay Gillan, Gareth, Maxwell. 2005.Flow cytometric evaluation of sperm parameters in relation to feitility potential. Theriogenology, 63:445-457
Lindsay Gillan, Gareth, Maxwell. 2005.Flow cytometric evaluation of sperm parameters in relation to fertility potential. Theriogenology, 63: 445-457
Lindsay Gillan, Gareth, Maxwell. 2005.Flow cytometric evaluation of sperm parameters in relation to fertility potential.Theriogenology, 63: 445-457
Lisa MT,William VH,Paul FW. 2003.Post-thaw functional status of boar spermatozoa cryopreserved using three controlled rate freezer a comparison.Therogenology, 60:101-113
Lopes S,Jurisicova A,Sun JC,et al. 1989.Active oxygen species: potential cause for DNA fragmentation in hunman spermatozoa.Hum Reprod 13:896-900
Love, Brinsko, Rigby, et,al. 2005.Relationship of seminal plasma level and extender type to sperm motility and DNA integrity. Theriogenology, 63:1584-1591
Lyall Patrick. 2000.Australasian Survey of Split Skin Great Donor Site Dressings.70 (02): 114-116 Maldjian, Pizzi, Gliozzi, et al. 2005 .hanges in sperm quality and lipid composition during cryopreservation of boar semen.Theriogenology,63:411-421
Maldjian, Pizzi, Gliozzi, et al. 2005.Changes in sperm quality and lipid composition during cryopreservation of boar semen. Theriogenology, 63: 411-421
Maluf S W, Erdtman B,2000. Follow-up study of the genetic damage in lymphocytes of pharmacists and nurses hangling antineoplas-tic drugsevaluated by cytokinesis-block micronucleus analysis and single cell gel electrophoresis assay. Mutation Research, 471: 21-27
Mandel Daggy. 2000. Review article:alginate-raft formulations in the treatment of heartburn and acid reflux, 14(06) :669-690
Mast romonaco GF,Hay MA, Goodrowe KL. 2002. The effects of oocyte storage and cumulus cell presence on canine pellucida penetration by domestic dog spermatozoa.Theriogenology 57(3):1123-1134 Mattioli, Barboni, Lucidi, et al.1996.Identification of capacitation in boar spermatozoa by chlortetracycline staining.Theriogenology,45:373-381
Maxwel WM, Welch GR, Johnson LA. 1996.Viability and membrane integrity of spermatozoa after dilution and flowcytometricsorting in the presence or absence of seminal plasma. Reprod Fenil Dev,8(8):1165-1178
Maxwell WM, Stojanov T. 1996, Liquid storage of ram semen in the absence or presence of some antioxidants.Reprod Fertil Dev,8:1013-1020
Maxwell WM,Johnson LA.1999.Physiology of spermatozoa athigh ddudon rates:the influence of seminal plasma.Theriogenology ,52(8):1353-1362
Maxwell, Johnson. 1997 .Membrane status of boar spermatozoa after cooling or cryopreservation. Theriogenology, 48: 209-219
Maxwell,Johnson.1997.Membrane status of boar spermatozoa after cooling or cryopreservation.Theriogenology,48:209-219
Mazur P, Johnson LA. 1985.Basic concepts in freezing cells: Deep freezing Boar Semen. Swedish University Agricultural sciences ,91-111
Medeiros, Forell, Oliveira, et al. 2002.Current status of sperm cryopreservation: why isnt it better.Theriogenology,57:327-344
Medeiros,Forell,Oliveira,et al. 2002.Current status of sperm cryopreservation:why is-n’t it better.Theriogenology,57:327-344.
Mendoza,Carreras,Moos,et al. 1992.Distinction between true acrosome reaction and degenera-tive acrosome loss by a one-step staining method using Pisum sativum agglutinin.Reprod-uction and Fertility,95: 755-763
Moore HDM, Hibbitt KG. 1976.The binding of labeled basic proteins by boar spermatozoa. J Reprod Fertil, 46:71-76.
Murakami J,Yoshiike M,Satoh M,et al. 1998.Characterization of recombinant precursor proteins of thehuman seminal plasma spermmotility inhibitor synthesized in insect cell. Int J Mol. Med, 2(6): 693-695
Nai-Hsien Chao, Huei-Pin Chen, I-Chiu Liao. 1975.Study on cryogenic preservation of grey mullet sperm. Aquaculture, 5(4):389-406
Navarrete M H, Camera P, Miguel M,et al. 1997.A fast comet assay variant for solid tissue cells.The assessment of DNA damage inhigher plants[J].Mutat Res, 389(2):271-277 ology,63:431-444
Ostling O,Johanson K J. 1984.Microelectrophoretic study radiation induced DNA damage in individual mammalian cells.Biochem Biophys Res Common, 123:291-298
Pacey A A, Freeman S L, England G C W. 2000.Contact of dogspermatozoa wit h homologous uterine tube epithelium prolongs flagellar activity in relation to the stage of the estrouscycle . Theriogenology, 54(1):109-118
Papks JE. 1997.Hypothermia and mammalian gametas Karow AM, Critser JK. Repraoduction tissue banking banking. San Diego: Acaclemic Press:229-261
Papks JE. 1997。Hypothermia and mammalian gametas /Karow AM, Critser JK. Repraoduction tissue banking banking. San Diego: Acaclemic Press:229-261
Pena, Johnnisson, Wallgren, et al. 2003 .Assessment of fresh and frozen-thawed boar semen using and Annexin-Ⅴassay: a new method of evaluating sperm membrane integrity. Theriogenology, 60: 677-689 Perez, Lorenzo, Yenes, et al. 2001.A short hypoosmotic swelling test for the prediction of boar sperm fertility.Theriogenology,56:387-398
Petrunkina A M,Simon K,Gunzel-Apel A R,et al. 2003.Regulation of capacitation of canine spermatozoa during co2 ulturewit h heterologous oviductal epit helial cells. Reprod Domest Anim, 38 (6):455-463
Petrunkina A M,Simon K,Gunzel-Apel AR, et al. 2004.Kinetics of protein tyrosine phosphoryl-ation in sperm selected by binding to homologous and heterologous oviductal xplants:how specific is the regulation by the oviduct.Therigenology ,61(9):1617-1634
Petrunkina, Gropper, Petersen, et al. 2005.olume regulatory function and sperm membrane dynamics as parameters for evaluating cryoprotective efficiency of a freezing extender. Theriogenology,63:1390-1406 Polge C, salamon S, Wilmut L . 1970.Fertilizing capacity of frozen boar semen following surgical insemination. Vet Rec,87:424-428
Polge C. 1956.Artificial insemination in pigs.Vet Pec, 68:62-76
Practical guidelines for the treatment of infertility in hirsute women. 1988.European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology,Vol 29, Issue 2, October :43-152
Pursel VG, Johnson LA. 1975.Freezing of boar spermatozoa: fertilizing capacity with concentrated semen and a new thawing procedure. J Anim Sci,40:99-102
Pursel VG, Johnson LA. 1975.reezing of boar spermatozoa: fertilizing capacity with concentrated semen and a new thawing procedure. J Anim Sci,40:99-102
Pursel VG,Johnson LA. 1971.Fertility with frozen boar semen.Anim Sci,33:265
Rafael, Cameron, Amos, et al. 1984.A test for the practical evaluation of male fertility by acridine orange(AO) fluorescence.Fertility and sterility, 42:87-91
Rijsselaere T, Van Soom A, Tanghe S, et al. 2005.ew techniques for the assessment of canine semen quality: A review.Theriogenology, 64(3):706-719
Roudebush WE. 2001.Role of platelet-activating factor in reproduction:sperm function. Asian J Androl ,3(2):81-86
Sanchez-Partida LG, Setchell BP, Maxwell WM. 1997. Epididymal compounds and antioxidants in diluents for thefrozen storage of ram spermatozoa. Reprod Fertil Dev,9:689-696
Sarlos P, Molnar A, Kokai M, Gabor G, Ratky J.2002. Comparative evaluation of the effect of antioxidants in theconservation of ram semen. Acta Vet Hung ,50:235-245.
Sauveur G.Roth F. 1999.The control of haemorrhage at the operative site during periradicular surgery.(03): 225-228
Scott M A. 2000.A glimpse at sperm function in vivo: sperm transport and epithelial interaction in the female reproductivet ract.Anim Reprod Sci,(60-61):337-348
Sexton J T.1978.Rservation of fowl semen in liquid nitro-gen-An mprovedmethod.oultry Sci.19:187-194
Soede NM. 1998 .estrus expression and timing of ovulation in pigs. British pig Science, 39:187-194
Strom Holst B,Larsson B,Linde-Forsberg C,et al. 2000.Spermbinding capacity and ult rast ructure of the zona pellucida of stored canine oocytes.J Reprod Fertil ,119(1):77-83
Strom Holst B,Larsson B,Rodriquez2Martinez H,et al. 2001.Zona pellucida binding assay-A met hod for evaluation of caninespermatozoa.J Reprod Fertil Suppl, 57:137-140
Sussich F,Urbani R,Princivalle F. 1998.Polymorphic amorphous and crystalline forms of trehalose.AM Chem Soc, 120:7893-7899
Sutkeviciene, Andersson, Zilinskas, et al. 2005 .Assessment of boar semen quality in relation to fertility with special reference to methanol stress. Theriogenology, 63: 739-747
Sutkeviciene, Andersson, Zilinskas, et al. 2005.Assessment of boar semen quality in relation to fertility with special reference to methanol stress.Theriogenology, 63: 739-747
Tardif, Laforest, Cormier, et al. 1999. The importance of porcine sperm parameters on fertility in vivo.Theriogenology, 52: 447-459
Thibier M, Wagner HG. 2000.World statistics for artificial insemination in cattle. Proc, 14th int. Congr. Anim. Repord, 22:76
Thomas, Garner, Dejarnette, et al. 1998.Effect of cryopreservation on bovine sperm organelle function and viability as determined by flow cytometry.Biology of Reproduction, 58:786-793
Thurston LM, Siggins K, Mileham AL,et al. 2002.Indengtification of amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism markers linked to genes controlling boar sperm vability following cryopreservation.Biol Repord, 66(3):545-554
Thurston, Holt, Watson, et al. 2003. Post-thaw functional status of boar spermatozoa cryoperservated using three controlled rate freezers: a comparison Theriogenology, 60: 101-113
Thurston, Holt, Watson, et al. 2003.Post-thaw functional status of boar spermatozoa cryoperservated using three controlled rate freezers: a comparison. Theriogenology, 60:101-113
Thurston,Holt,Watson,et al. 2003.Post-thaw functional status of boar spermatozoa cryoperservated using three controlled rate freezers:a comparison.Theriogenology 60: 101-113
Toledo AA,Mitchell-Leef D, Elsner CW,et al. 2003.Fertilization potential of human sperm is correlated with endogenous pateletactivating factor content.J Assist Reprod Genet, 20(5):192-197
Tripodi L, Tripodi A, Mammi C, Pulle C, Cremonesi F. 2003,Pharmacological action and therapeuticeffects ofglutathione on hypokinetic spermatozoa for enzymatic dependent pathologies and correlated geneticaspects. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 30:130-136
Vazquez, Martinez, Martinez, et al. 1997.Hypoosmotic swelling of boar spermatozoa and its relation to other methods for analyzing the sperm membrane. Theriogenology, 47: 913-922
Waberski D,Weitze KF,Rath D,et al. 1989.Effect of bovine serum albumin and zwitterionic buffers on stored liquid boar semen.Zuchthygiene ,24:128-133
Ward WS,Coffey DS. 1991.DNA packaging and Organization in mammalian sms in spermatozoa: comparision with somatic cells.Biol Reprod,44:569-574
Weitze KF, Rath D, Baron G. 1987.Neue aspekte der tiefgefrierkonservierung von ebersperma in plastikrohren dtsch Tierarztl.Wschr, 82:261-267.
Wheeler Alan. 2001.Imunological adjuvants in allergy vaccines:Past,present and future,50 (04):295-301
William E. 2002.Relationship between platelet-activating factor concentration in Rhesus Monkey spermatozoa and sperm motility. American Journal of Primatology, 56:1-7
Woeiders H, Mattijs A, Zuidberg CA,et al. 2005.Crypreservation of boar semen: equilibrium freezing in the cryomicroscope and in straw.Theriogenology, 63:363-395
Woelders H, Matthijis A, Engel B. 1997.Effects of trehalose and sucrose, osmolality of the freezing medium, and cooling rate on viability and intactness of bull sperm after freezing and thawing.Crybiology, 35:93-105
Woelders, Matthijs, Engel. 1997.Effects of trehalose and sucrose, osmolality of the freezing medium, and cooling rate on viability and intactness of bull sperm after freezing and thawing. Cryobiology,35:93-105
Yanagimachi R.Mammalian Fertilization .1994.The Physiology of Reproduction, 1:189-317
Zeng WX,Shimada M. Isobe N et al. 2001.Survival of boar spermatozoa in diluents of varying osmolality.Theriogenology, 56:447-458
Zeng, Shimada, Isobe, et al. 2001.Survival of boar spermatozoa frozen in diluents of varying osmolality.Theriogenology, 56: 447-458
Zeng, Shimada, Isobe, et al. 2001.Survival of boar spermatozoa frozen in diluents of varying osmolality.Theriogenology, 56: 447-458
Zeng,Terada. 2001.Protection of boar spermatozoa from cold shock damage by 2-hydrox-ypropylbeta-cyclodextrin.Theriogenology,55:615-627.
Zeng,Terada. 2001.Protection of boar spermatozoa from cold shock damage by 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin.Theriogenology, 55: 615-627
Zhou J B, Yue K Z, Luo M J,et al. 2004.Effect of extenders and temperature on sperm viability and fertilizing capacity of Harbin white boar semen during long2term liquid storage. Asi-an-Aust J Anim Sci, 17(1):1501-1508
Zilli L,Sehiavone R, Zonno V et al.2003. Evalution of DNA damage in Dicentrarchus labrax sperm following cryopreservation.Cryobiology,47:227-235
Zou, Yang. 2000.Evaluation on sperm quality of freshly ejaculated boar semen during in vitro storage under different temperatures. Theriogenology, 53: 1477-1488
邓福金等. 2009.降温平衡对牛冷冻精液质量的影响.吉林畜牧兽医:2-3
高飞,岳奎忠,杨增明. 2004.猪精液液态保存的研究进展.中国畜牧兽医, (6):46-49
公牛精子顶体检查技术规范.中国奶牛协会主编
顾艳丽,王东凯. 2003.红景天的研究进展.中国医药学报, 19(9)
韩毅冰,邹纯霞,秦鹏春等. 1997透明质酸对猪精子活率、获能、顶体反应及体外受精穿透率的影响.中国兽医学报, 17(6):600-05
黄全成,丑生,文彪等. 1993.冻精液新技术研究试验报告.甘肃畜牧兽医, 23:4-6
江中良,李青旺. 2003.猪精液冷冻技术研究进展.家畜生态,24(4):51-54
金穗华,刘桂霞. 1990.不同稀释法对牛精子冷冻前后性状的作用和影响.四川畜牧兽医, (2):4-6.
李八方.徐杰. 2003.3种海藻多糖调血脂作用比较研究,上海水产大学,中国海洋药物,第22卷(3):
李刚,精液冷冻保存技术研究. [硕士论文].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2005
李素文主编. 2001 .细胞生物学实验指导. 10(1).北京:高等教育出版社/施普林格出版社
李素文主编. 2001.细胞生物学试验指导.北京:高等教育出版社/施普林格出版社.
李西林,南艺雷. 2006.红景天多糖的化学药理研究进展.中国中医药信息杂志, 3(13):109-110
李震钟,时学,建超等. 1979.繁殖技术进展.重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社.
梁桂宁,谢露,梁志锋等. 2006.海带多糖对应激小鼠脑组织SOD、MDA的影响.右江民族医学院学报,8(3):333-334
刘铁铮,谢成侠. 1983.不同温度下水牛和奶牛精子细微结构与细胞外酶活性的变化.南京农学院学报,(3):69-81
刘玉,张晓霞,张海涛,送彩荣,王丽云. 2009.延长平衡时间和提高冷冻保护剂的比例对牛冷冻精液冻后活力的影响.第六届全国低温生物医学及器械学术大会:122-124
卢晟盛,李琳,胡传话,谢莉萍,卢克焕. 2008.不同甘油浓度与平衡时间对食蟹猴精液冷冻效果的影响.动物学杂志:50-55
马美湖. 1995.精液冷冻保存研究进展.中国畜牧杂志:3-36
聂凌鸿,宁正祥. 2001.藻糖的生物保护作用.生命化学, 3(21)206:209
齐刚.张莉. 2001.海藻酸铝抗溃疡作用的研究,中草药,32 (02): 149-151
桑润滋. 2002.动物繁殖生物技术.北京:中国农业出版社:89-210.
宋博,郑履康,邓丽霞等.单细胞凝胶电泳用于检测人精子DNA链断裂.中华医学遗传学杂志,17(4):253-254
台日秀林,龙翔. 1998.不同冷冻保护剂在猪精液冷冻中的作用效果.四川畜牧兽医学院学,12(2):25-27
田丽梅,王曼. 2006.枸杞多糖的提取分离和其组成研究.中国中药杂志, 10(19):1603-1606
吴石坚,典新. 1990.冻精液人工授精的推广与应用(1981-1988)中国畜牧杂志, 26
谢成侠,铁铮编著. 1994.家畜繁殖原理及其应用.南京:江苏科学技术出版社:42
辛国省等. 2008. pH值和甘油平衡时间对藏獒精液冷冻保存活力的影响.甘肃农业大学学报:18-21
徐西长,丁福红,李军.单细胞凝胶电泳用于检测低温保存的真鲷(pagrosomus major)精子DNA损伤.海洋与湖泊,36:221-225
许实波.赵桂玲.曾志.郑国栋.1998.褐藻酸钠硫酸酯的抗凝血及抗血栓作用,热带海洋第17卷(02):32-37
严忠慎. 1987.猪精液低温保存和受胎成绩.江苏农学院学报,(1):31-36
阎俊,罗琼,杨明亮等. 2003.海带多糖抗脂质过氧化作用的研究[J].武汉大学学报(医学版), 24(3):219-221
张树山,李青旺,李刚等. 2006.海藻糖、蔗糖和乳糖对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),6:41-45
赵建军等. 2006.冷冻稀释液渗透压、抗冻剂和平衡时间对鸡颗粒冻精冻后活率的影响.甘肃农业大学学报: 14-17
赵峡.于广利.李少平.吕志华.徐家敏.2002.几种海藻多糖硫酸酯碱式铝盐的制备,上海水产大学,青岛海洋大学学报第32卷(3): 385-390
中国科学技术情报研究所重庆分所.1979.家畜繁殖技术进展.重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社:78
周佳勃,罗明玖,常仲乐等. 2004.影响山羊体外受精的因素.动物学报. 50(2):216-221
周佳勃. 2000.精液冷冻及室温保存技术研究.[硕士论文].黑龙江:东北农业大学
朱世海. 1997.奶牛冻精活性与精液品质相关性分析.青海畜牧兽医杂志, 27 (5):26-27
朱世海. 1997.牛冻精酶活性与精液品质相关性分析.青海畜牧兽医杂志,7(5):26-27
Aboagla EM,Terada T. 2003.Trehalose-enhanced fluidity of the goat sperm memebrane and its protection during freezung.Biol Reprod, 69:1245-1250
Ai Wei Wang,HuaZhang,IsaoI kemoto, DeborahJ. 1997.Anderson and Kevin R.Loughlin.Reactive oxygen species generation by seminal cells during cryopreservation.Urology, 49 (6):921-925
Alex P. 2005.Preservation mechanisms of trehalose in food and biosystems.Collids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 40:107-113
Alireza Fazeli, Willem J.Hage, Feng-Pang Cheng. 1997.Acrosome-intact boar spermatozoa initiate binding to the homologous zona pellucida in vitro. Biology of Reproduction,56: 430-438
Almlid T, Johnson LA. 1998.Effects of glycerol concentration, equilibration time and temperation of glycerol addition on post-thaw viability of boar spermatozoa frozen in straws. J Anim Sci, 66(11):2899-2905
Analysis of proliferation and terminal differentiation of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells by a rapid colorimetric assay. 1990.Journal of Immunological Methods, Vol128, Issue 1:47-148
Ball BA, Medina V, Gravance CG, Baumbe J. 2001,Effect of antioxidants on preservation of motility,viabilityand acrosomal integrity of equine spermatozoa during storage at 5 degrees.Theriogenology,56:577–89
Bamba K, Cran DG. 1988, Further studies on rapid dilution and warming of boar semen. Reprod Fertil,82:509-518
Bamba K, Cran DG. 1988.urther studies on rapid dilution and warming of boar semen[J]. Journal Reproduction Fertile,82:509-518
Bayarad TS, Esther EN, Kathleen AT. 1998.Comparison fo glycerol,other polyols,trehalose andraffinose to provide a defined cryprotectant medium for mouse sperm cryopreservationCryobiology, 37:46-58
Bayarad TS,Esther EN, Kathleen AT. 1998.Comparison of glycerol, other polyols, trehalose, andraffinose to provide a defined cryoprotectant medium for mouse sperm cryopreservation. Cryobiology, 37:46-58.
Bilodeau JF, Chatterjee S, Sirard MA, Gagnon C. 2000.Levels of antioxidant defenses are decreased in bovinespermatozoa after a cycle of freezing and thawing.Mol Reprod Dev,55:282-288
Buhr MM. 1990.Preservation of boar sperm alters membranemolecular dynamics.Reprod Domest Anim, Suppl1:81-93
Burks, Sailing. 1992.Molecular mechanisms of fertilization and activiation of development. Animal Reproduction Science,28:79-86
Bwanga CO. 1991.Cryopreservation of boar semen I: a literature review. Acta Vet Scand, 32:431-453
Cerolini S, Zaniboni A, Maldjian T,et al. 2006. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid and a-tocopherol enrichment in chicken sperm on semen quality, sperm lipid composition and susceptibility to peroxidation.Theriogenoligy,66:877-886
Chatterjee S,Gagnon C. 2001.production of reactive oxygen species by spermatozoa undergoing cooling,freezing,and thawing.Mol Reprod Dev, 59:451-458
Chen Y, Foote RH, Brockett CC. 1993.Effect of sucrose, trehalose, hypotaurine, taurine, and blood serum on survival of frozen bull sperm. Cryobiology.30:423-31
Cochran JD, Amann RP, Squires EL, et al. 1983.Fertility of frozen-thawed stallion semen extended in lactose -EDTA-egg yolk extender and packaged in 1.0ml straws. Therigenology ,20(6):735-741
Cordova, Ducolomb, Jimenez, et al. 1997.In vitro fertilizing capacity of frozen-thawed boar semen.Theriogenology,47:1309-1317
Cormier, Sirard, Bailey. 1997.Premature capacitation of bovine spermatozoa is initiated by cryoperservation.Journal of Andrology ,18:461-468
Crabo BG, Einarsson S. 1971.Fertility of deep frozen boar spermatozoa. Acta vetscand, 12:125-127 Cristanelli MJ, Squires EL, et al. 1984.ertility of stallion semen processed, frozen and thawed by a new procedure. Therigenology, 22(1):39-45
Cross ,Stanley Meizel. 1989.Methods for evaluating the acrosomal status of mammalian sperm. Biology of Reproduction,41:635-641
Cross NL. 1998.Role of cholesterol in sperm capacitation.Biology Reproduction, 59:7-11. Dalimata AM, Graham J K. 1997. Cryopreservation of rabbit spermatozoa using acetamide in combination with trehalose and methyl cellulose. Theriogenology, 48: 831-841
Darin-Bennett A, Poulos A, White IG..1973.The effect of cold shock and freeze-thawing on release of phospholipids by ram, bull and boar spermatozoa. Australia Journal Biology Science ,15:213-226
De Leeuw FE, ColenbranderB, Verkleij AJ. 1990.The role membrane damage plays in cold shock and freezing injury.Reprod. Domest.Anim.,1( Suppl): 95-104
Den Daas,De Jong,Lansbergen, et al . 1998.The relationship between the number of spermatozoa inseminated and the reproductive efficiency of individual dairy bulls .Journal of dairy science, 81: 1714-1723
Donnelly ET, McClure N, Lewis SE. 2000.Glutathione and hypotaurine in vitro: effects on humansperm motility,DNA integrity and production of reactive oxygen species. Mutagenesis,15:61-68
Eddy EM, Obrien DA. 1994.The spermatozoon, The Physiology of Reprodution.New York:aven Press ,29-77
Eiman MEA, Takato T. 2004. Effect of the supplementation of trehalose extender containing egg yoly with sodium sulfate on the freeze ability of goat spermatozoa.Theriogenology,62:809-818
Eriksson BM, Petersson H, Rodriguez-Maryinez H. 2002.ield fertility with exported boar semen frozen in the new flatpack container. Therigenology, 58(6):1065-1079
Eriksson, Petersson, Martinez. 2002. Field fertility with exported boar semen frozen in the new FlatPack container. Theriogenology, 58: 1065-1079
Eriksson, Rodriguesz-Maetinez. 2000.Effect of freezing and thawing rates on the post-thaw viability of boar spermatozoa frozen in FlatPacks and Maxi-straws. Animal Repreduction Science, 63:205-220
Eriksson, Vazquez, Martinez, et al. 2001.Effects of holding time during cooling and of type of package on plasma membrane integrity, motility and in vitro oocyte penetration ability of frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa.Theriogenology,55: 1593-1605
Fernandez JL, Muriel L, Rivero MT, et al. 2003.The sperm chromatin dispersion test: a simple method for the determination of sperm DNA fragmentation.J Androl,,24(1):59-66
Fiser P S,Fairfull R W. 1989.The effect of glycerol2relatedosmotic changes on post 2 thaw motility and acrosomalintegrity of ram spermatozoa .Cryobiology ,26 :64-69
Fiser PS, Fairfull RW. 1996.Combined effect of glycerol concentration and cooling velocity on motility and acrosomal integrity of boar spermatozoa frozen in 0.5ml straws.Molecular Reproduction Development, 25:123-129
Franser , Strzezek.2005. Effects of Freezing-Thawing on DNA integrity of boar permatozoa assessed by the neutral comet assay.Reprod dom anim,40:530-536
Funahashi H,Sano T. 2005Select antioxidants improve the function of extended boar semen stored at 10℃.Theriogenology, 63:1605-1616
Gadea. 2005.Sperm factors related to in vitro and in vivo porcine fertility. Theriogenology, 63:431-444 Gadea. 2005.Sperm factors related to in vitro and in vivo porcine fertility[J]. Theriogenology,63:431-444
Gadea. 2005.Sperm factors related to in vitro and in vivo porcine fertility.Theriogen- GadeUa BM,Colenbrander B,Lopes-Cardozo M. 1991.Arylsulfatases are present in seminal plasma of several domestic manlma. Biol Reprod,45(3):381-386
Gallenkemper Georg. 1998.Contact sensitization in chronic venous insufficiency:modern wound dressings, 38(05) : 274-278
Garcia D,Castro A. 2000.Tunnaclirfe A.Intracellular trehalose improves osmotolerance but not desiccatiotolerance in mammalian cells.FEBS Letter, 487:199-202.
Garner, Johnson. 1995.Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using SYBR-14 and Propidium Iodide.Biology of Reproduction, 53: 276-284
Garner, Johnson. 1995.Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using SYBR-14 and Propidium Iodide.Biology of Reproduction, 53: 276-284
Garner, Johnson. 1995.Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using SYBR-14 and Propidium Iodide.Biology of Reproduction,53:276-284
Garner, Thomas, Joerg, et al. 1997.Fluorometric assessments of mitochondrial function and viability in cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa. Biology of Reproduction, 57: 1401-1406
Graham EF, Rajamannan AHJ, Schmel MKL, Maki-Laurila M. Bower RE. 1971.reliminary report om a procedure and rationale for freezing boar semen.JAI Digest, 19:12-14
Guerin P, Menezo Y. 1995.Hypotaurine and taurine in gamete and embryo environments: de novo synthesis via the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway in oviduct cells. Zygote 3:333-343
Hammadeh ME,Askari AS,Georg T,et al. 1999.Effect of freeze-thawing procedure on chromatin stability,morphological alteration and membrane integrity of human spermatozoa in fertile and subfertile men. 52:155-162.
Hammerstedt RAP, Andres JC. 1997.Metabolic support of normothermia. In:Karow AW,Critser JK(eds).Reproductive Tissue Banking.San Diego:Academic Press,139-166
Harrison RAP, Ashworin PJC, Miller NGA. 1996.Bicarbonate/CO2,an effector of capacitation, induces a rapid and revensible change in the lipid architecture of boar sperm plasma membranes. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 45:378-391.
Harrison RAP. 1996.apacition mechanisms: and the role of capacition as seen in eutherian animals. Reprod Fertil Dev, 8:581-594
He L, Bailey JL, Buhr MM. 2001.Incorporating lipids into boar sperm decreases chilling sensitivity but not capacitation potential.Biology of Roprod,64:69-79
Hess Cathy Thomas. 2000. Addressing wounds. Nurs Manage, 31 (09): 73-75
Hess Cathy Thomas. 2000.When to use alginate dressings. Advances in Skin and Wound Care. (02) : http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3977/is_200005/ai_n8892382/ Holmes RP, Goodman HO, Shihabi ZK, Jarow JP. 1992. The taurine and hypotaurine content of human semen. JAndrol,13:289-292
Huang YH,Chu ST,Chen YH. 2000.A seminal vesicles autoantigen of mouse is able to suppress sperm Capacitation-related events stimulated by serumalbumin.Biol Reprod, 63:1562-1566
HuangSY, Kuo YH, Lee WC, et al. 1999.Substantial decrease of heat-shock protein90 precedes the decline of sperm motility during cooling of boar spermatozoa.Theriogenology , 51:1007 -1016
Huo LJ,Yang ZM. 2000.ffects of platelet activating factor on capacita2tion and acrosome reaction in mouse spermatozoa. Molecular Reproductin and Development, 56:436-440
Ichioka Shigeru. 1998.An Experimental Comparison of Hydrocolloid and Alginate Dressings,and the Effect of Calcium Ions on the Behaviour of Alginate Gel, 32(03) : 311-316
Ivanova M,Mollova M,Ivanova-Kicheva MG,et al. 1999.Effect of cryopreservation on zona-binding capacity of canine spermatozoa in vitro.Theriogenology, 52(1):163-170.
Jansen HB. 1998.The influence of cooling rates practiced in the Netherlands on the survival of bovine spermatozoa packaged in 0.25ml French straws. Proceeding of 11th International Congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination,3:258
Jeyendran, Van. 1984.Development of an assay to assess the functional integrity of the human sperm membrane and its relationship to other semen characterstics. Journal of Reproduction and fertility, 70:219-225
Joaqul'n Gadea,lena Selle's Marco Antonio Marco, et al. 2004.Decrease in glutathione content in boar sperm after cryopreservation effect of the addition of reduced glutathiore to the freezing and thawingextenders.Theriogenology,62:690-701
Johnson LA, Weitze KF, Fiser P, et al. 2000.Storage of boar semen. Anim Reprod Sci,62(1-3):143-172
Johnson LA, Weitze KF, Fiser P, et al. 2000.Storage of boar semen[J]. Anim Reprod Sci, 62(1-3):143-172
Johnson LA, Weitze KF, Fiser P, Maxwell WMC. 2000.Storage of boar semen.Anim Reprod Sci, 6 2:143-172
Johnson LA,Weitze KF,Faiser P,et al. 2000.Storage of boar semen.Animal Reproduction Science ,62:143-172.
Jonhnson L A. 1985.Fertility results using frozen boar spema-tozoa 1970-985/JOHNSON A,LARSSON K.Deep freezing of Boar Semen.Swaden:SLU,Uppsala:199-220
Juan, Emilio, Jordi, et al. 2005.Improving the effiency of sperm technologirs in pigs:the value of deep intrauterine insemination.Theriogenology,63:536-547
Kawakami E, Kashiwagi C, Hori T,et al. 2001.Effect s of canine oviduct epithelial cells on movement and capacitation of homologous spermatozoa in vitro.Anim Reprod Sci,68 (122):121-131
Kordan W, Strzezek J. 2002.Effect of platelet2activating factor ( PAF)on motility parameters and plasmalemma integrity of boar spermatozoa. Animal Science Papers and Reports, 20(1):37-45
Krska Janet. 2000.Drug utilization evaluation of nonprescription H2-receptor antagonists andalginate-containing preparations for dyspepsia ,49(04): 363–368
Krzyzosiak J,Evenson D,P itt C,et al. 2000.Changes in susceptibility of bovine sperm to in situ DNA denaturation during prolonged incubation at ambient temperature under conditions of exposure to reactive oxygen species and nuclease inhibitor.Reprod Fertil Dev, 12:251-261
Labble C, Martoriati A, Devaux A et al, 2001. Effect of sperm cryopreservation on sperm DNA integrity in developing plant in rainbow trout. Molecular Reproduction and Development, 60:397-404
Landim-Alvarenga F C, Medeiros A S, Papa F O,et al. 2005.Evaluation of acrosomal integrity of stallions cryopreserved with amides and glycerol.Anim Reprod Sci, 89(1):288-291
Lansdown Alan B G Calcium. 2002.A potential central regulator in wound healing in the skin. 10(05) : 271-285
Larsson K, Einasson S, Bane A. 1976.he fertility of boar spermatozoa after freeing by two methods. The international congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial insemination Conmmunation Abstracts,1:152
Larsson K,Einasson S,Bane A. 1976.he fertility of boar spermatozoa after freezing by two different methods.The international congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial insemination Communication Abstracts,1:152.
Lindsay Gillan, Gareth, Maxwell. 2005.Flow cytometric evaluation of sperm parameters in relation to feitility potential. Theriogenology, 63:445-457
Lindsay Gillan, Gareth, Maxwell. 2005.Flow cytometric evaluation of sperm parameters in relation to fertility potential. Theriogenology, 63: 445-457
Lindsay Gillan, Gareth, Maxwell. 2005.Flow cytometric evaluation of sperm parameters in relation to fertility potential.Theriogenology, 63: 445-457
Lisa MT,William VH,Paul FW. 2003.Post-thaw functional status of boar spermatozoa cryopreserved using three controlled rate freezer a comparison.Therogenology, 60:101-113
Lopes S,Jurisicova A,Sun JC,et al. 1989.Active oxygen species: potential cause for DNA fragmentation in hunman spermatozoa.Hum Reprod 13:896-900
Love, Brinsko, Rigby, et,al. 2005.Relationship of seminal plasma level and extender type to sperm motility and DNA integrity. Theriogenology, 63:1584-1591
Lyall Patrick. 2000.Australasian Survey of Split Skin Great Donor Site Dressings.70 (02): 114-116 Maldjian, Pizzi, Gliozzi, et al. 2005 .hanges in sperm quality and lipid composition during cryopreservation of boar semen.Theriogenology,63:411-421
Maldjian, Pizzi, Gliozzi, et al. 2005.Changes in sperm quality and lipid composition during cryopreservation of boar semen. Theriogenology, 63: 411-421
Maluf S W, Erdtman B,2000. Follow-up study of the genetic damage in lymphocytes of pharmacists and nurses hangling antineoplas-tic drugsevaluated by cytokinesis-block micronucleus analysis and single cell gel electrophoresis assay. Mutation Research, 471: 21-27
Mandel Daggy. 2000. Review article:alginate-raft formulations in the treatment of heartburn and acid reflux, 14(06) :669-690
Mast romonaco GF,Hay MA, Goodrowe KL. 2002. The effects of oocyte storage and cumulus cell presence on canine pellucida penetration by domestic dog spermatozoa.Theriogenology 57(3):1123-1134 Mattioli, Barboni, Lucidi, et al.1996.Identification of capacitation in boar spermatozoa by chlortetracycline staining.Theriogenology,45:373-381
Maxwel WM, Welch GR, Johnson LA. 1996.Viability and membrane integrity of spermatozoa after dilution and flowcytometricsorting in the presence or absence of seminal plasma. Reprod Fenil Dev,8(8):1165-1178
Maxwell WM, Stojanov T. 1996, Liquid storage of ram semen in the absence or presence of some antioxidants.Reprod Fertil Dev,8:1013-1020
Maxwell WM,Johnson LA.1999.Physiology of spermatozoa athigh ddudon rates:the influence of seminal plasma.Theriogenology ,52(8):1353-1362
Maxwell, Johnson. 1997 .Membrane status of boar spermatozoa after cooling or cryopreservation. Theriogenology, 48: 209-219
Maxwell,Johnson.1997.Membrane status of boar spermatozoa after cooling or cryopreservation.Theriogenology,48:209-219
Mazur P, Johnson LA. 1985.Basic concepts in freezing cells: Deep freezing Boar Semen. Swedish University Agricultural sciences ,91-111
Medeiros, Forell, Oliveira, et al. 2002.Current status of sperm cryopreservation: why isnt it better.Theriogenology,57:327-344
Medeiros,Forell,Oliveira,et al. 2002.Current status of sperm cryopreservation:why is-n’t it better.Theriogenology,57:327-344.
Mendoza,Carreras,Moos,et al. 1992.Distinction between true acrosome reaction and degenera-tive acrosome loss by a one-step staining method using Pisum sativum agglutinin.Reprod-uction and Fertility,95: 755-763
Moore HDM, Hibbitt KG. 1976.The binding of labeled basic proteins by boar spermatozoa. J Reprod Fertil, 46:71-76.
Murakami J,Yoshiike M,Satoh M,et al. 1998.Characterization of recombinant precursor proteins of thehuman seminal plasma spermmotility inhibitor synthesized in insect cell. Int J Mol. Med, 2(6): 693-695
Nai-Hsien Chao, Huei-Pin Chen, I-Chiu Liao. 1975.Study on cryogenic preservation of grey mullet sperm. Aquaculture, 5(4):389-406
Navarrete M H, Camera P, Miguel M,et al. 1997.A fast comet assay variant for solid tissue cells.The assessment of DNA damage inhigher plants[J].Mutat Res, 389(2):271-277 ology,63:431-444
Ostling O,Johanson K J. 1984.Microelectrophoretic study radiation induced DNA damage in individual mammalian cells.Biochem Biophys Res Common, 123:291-298
Pacey A A, Freeman S L, England G C W. 2000.Contact of dogspermatozoa wit h homologous uterine tube epithelium prolongs flagellar activity in relation to the stage of the estrouscycle . Theriogenology, 54(1):109-118
Papks JE. 1997.Hypothermia and mammalian gametas Karow AM, Critser JK. Repraoduction tissue banking banking. San Diego: Acaclemic Press:229-261
Papks JE. 1997。Hypothermia and mammalian gametas /Karow AM, Critser JK. Repraoduction tissue banking banking. San Diego: Acaclemic Press:229-261
Pena, Johnnisson, Wallgren, et al. 2003 .Assessment of fresh and frozen-thawed boar semen using and Annexin-Ⅴassay: a new method of evaluating sperm membrane integrity. Theriogenology, 60: 677-689 Perez, Lorenzo, Yenes, et al. 2001.A short hypoosmotic swelling test for the prediction of boar sperm fertility.Theriogenology,56:387-398
Petrunkina A M,Simon K,Gunzel-Apel A R,et al. 2003.Regulation of capacitation of canine spermatozoa during co2 ulturewit h heterologous oviductal epit helial cells. Reprod Domest Anim, 38 (6):455-463
Petrunkina A M,Simon K,Gunzel-Apel AR, et al. 2004.Kinetics of protein tyrosine phosphoryl-ation in sperm selected by binding to homologous and heterologous oviductal xplants:how specific is the regulation by the oviduct.Therigenology ,61(9):1617-1634
Petrunkina, Gropper, Petersen, et al. 2005.olume regulatory function and sperm membrane dynamics as parameters for evaluating cryoprotective efficiency of a freezing extender. Theriogenology,63:1390-1406 Polge C, salamon S, Wilmut L . 1970.Fertilizing capacity of frozen boar semen following surgical insemination. Vet Rec,87:424-428
Polge C. 1956.Artificial insemination in pigs.Vet Pec, 68:62-76
Practical guidelines for the treatment of infertility in hirsute women. 1988.European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology,Vol 29, Issue 2, October :43-152
Pursel VG, Johnson LA. 1975.Freezing of boar spermatozoa: fertilizing capacity with concentrated semen and a new thawing procedure. J Anim Sci,40:99-102
Pursel VG, Johnson LA. 1975.reezing of boar spermatozoa: fertilizing capacity with concentrated semen and a new thawing procedure. J Anim Sci,40:99-102
Pursel VG,Johnson LA. 1971.Fertility with frozen boar semen.Anim Sci,33:265
Rafael, Cameron, Amos, et al. 1984.A test for the practical evaluation of male fertility by acridine orange(AO) fluorescence.Fertility and sterility, 42:87-91
Rijsselaere T, Van Soom A, Tanghe S, et al. 2005.ew techniques for the assessment of canine semen quality: A review.Theriogenology, 64(3):706-719
Roudebush WE. 2001.Role of platelet-activating factor in reproduction:sperm function. Asian J Androl ,3(2):81-86
Sanchez-Partida LG, Setchell BP, Maxwell WM. 1997. Epididymal compounds and antioxidants in diluents for thefrozen storage of ram spermatozoa. Reprod Fertil Dev,9:689-696
Sarlos P, Molnar A, Kokai M, Gabor G, Ratky J.2002. Comparative evaluation of the effect of antioxidants in theconservation of ram semen. Acta Vet Hung ,50:235-245.
Sauveur G.Roth F. 1999.The control of haemorrhage at the operative site during periradicular surgery.(03): 225-228
Scott M A. 2000.A glimpse at sperm function in vivo: sperm transport and epithelial interaction in the female reproductivet ract.Anim Reprod Sci,(60-61):337-348
Sexton J T.1978.Rservation of fowl semen in liquid nitro-gen-An mprovedmethod.oultry Sci.19:187-194
Soede NM. 1998 .estrus expression and timing of ovulation in pigs. British pig Science, 39:187-194
Strom Holst B,Larsson B,Linde-Forsberg C,et al. 2000.Spermbinding capacity and ult rast ructure of the zona pellucida of stored canine oocytes.J Reprod Fertil ,119(1):77-83
Strom Holst B,Larsson B,Rodriquez2Martinez H,et al. 2001.Zona pellucida binding assay-A met hod for evaluation of caninespermatozoa.J Reprod Fertil Suppl, 57:137-140
Sussich F,Urbani R,Princivalle F. 1998.Polymorphic amorphous and crystalline forms of trehalose.AM Chem Soc, 120:7893-7899
Sutkeviciene, Andersson, Zilinskas, et al. 2005 .Assessment of boar semen quality in relation to fertility with special reference to methanol stress. Theriogenology, 63: 739-747
Sutkeviciene, Andersson, Zilinskas, et al. 2005.Assessment of boar semen quality in relation to fertility with special reference to methanol stress.Theriogenology, 63: 739-747
Tardif, Laforest, Cormier, et al. 1999. The importance of porcine sperm parameters on fertility in vivo.Theriogenology, 52: 447-459
Thibier M, Wagner HG. 2000.World statistics for artificial insemination in cattle. Proc, 14th int. Congr. Anim. Repord, 22:76
Thomas, Garner, Dejarnette, et al. 1998.Effect of cryopreservation on bovine sperm organelle function and viability as determined by flow cytometry.Biology of Reproduction, 58:786-793
Thurston LM, Siggins K, Mileham AL,et al. 2002.Indengtification of amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism markers linked to genes controlling boar sperm vability following cryopreservation.Biol Repord, 66(3):545-554
Thurston, Holt, Watson, et al. 2003. Post-thaw functional status of boar spermatozoa cryoperservated using three controlled rate freezers: a comparison Theriogenology, 60: 101-113
Thurston, Holt, Watson, et al. 2003.Post-thaw functional status of boar spermatozoa cryoperservated using three controlled rate freezers: a comparison. Theriogenology, 60:101-113
Thurston,Holt,Watson,et al. 2003.Post-thaw functional status of boar spermatozoa cryoperservated using three controlled rate freezers:a comparison.Theriogenology 60: 101-113
Toledo AA,Mitchell-Leef D, Elsner CW,et al. 2003.Fertilization potential of human sperm is correlated with endogenous pateletactivating factor content.J Assist Reprod Genet, 20(5):192-197
Tripodi L, Tripodi A, Mammi C, Pulle C, Cremonesi F. 2003,Pharmacological action and therapeuticeffects ofglutathione on hypokinetic spermatozoa for enzymatic dependent pathologies and correlated geneticaspects. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 30:130-136
Vazquez, Martinez, Martinez, et al. 1997.Hypoosmotic swelling of boar spermatozoa and its relation to other methods for analyzing the sperm membrane. Theriogenology, 47: 913-922
Waberski D,Weitze KF,Rath D,et al. 1989.Effect of bovine serum albumin and zwitterionic buffers on stored liquid boar semen.Zuchthygiene ,24:128-133
Ward WS,Coffey DS. 1991.DNA packaging and Organization in mammalian sms in spermatozoa: comparision with somatic cells.Biol Reprod,44:569-574
Weitze KF, Rath D, Baron G. 1987.Neue aspekte der tiefgefrierkonservierung von ebersperma in plastikrohren dtsch Tierarztl.Wschr, 82:261-267.
Wheeler Alan. 2001.Imunological adjuvants in allergy vaccines:Past,present and future,50 (04):295-301
William E. 2002.Relationship between platelet-activating factor concentration in Rhesus Monkey spermatozoa and sperm motility. American Journal of Primatology, 56:1-7
Woeiders H, Mattijs A, Zuidberg CA,et al. 2005.Crypreservation of boar semen: equilibrium freezing in the cryomicroscope and in straw.Theriogenology, 63:363-395
Woelders H, Matthijis A, Engel B. 1997.Effects of trehalose and sucrose, osmolality of the freezing medium, and cooling rate on viability and intactness of bull sperm after freezing and thawing.Crybiology, 35:93-105
Woelders, Matthijs, Engel. 1997.Effects of trehalose and sucrose, osmolality of the freezing medium, and cooling rate on viability and intactness of bull sperm after freezing and thawing. Cryobiology,35:93-105
Yanagimachi R.Mammalian Fertilization .1994.The Physiology of Reproduction, 1:189-317
Zeng WX,Shimada M. Isobe N et al. 2001.Survival of boar spermatozoa in diluents of varying osmolality.Theriogenology, 56:447-458
Zeng, Shimada, Isobe, et al. 2001.Survival of boar spermatozoa frozen in diluents of varying osmolality.Theriogenology, 56: 447-458
Zeng, Shimada, Isobe, et al. 2001.Survival of boar spermatozoa frozen in diluents of varying osmolality.Theriogenology, 56: 447-458
Zeng,Terada. 2001.Protection of boar spermatozoa from cold shock damage by 2-hydrox-ypropylbeta-cyclodextrin.Theriogenology,55:615-627.
Zeng,Terada. 2001.Protection of boar spermatozoa from cold shock damage by 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin.Theriogenology, 55: 615-627
Zhou J B, Yue K Z, Luo M J,et al. 2004.Effect of extenders and temperature on sperm viability and fertilizing capacity of Harbin white boar semen during long2term liquid storage. Asi-an-Aust J Anim Sci, 17(1):1501-1508
Zilli L,Sehiavone R, Zonno V et al.2003. Evalution of DNA damage in Dicentrarchus labrax sperm following cryopreservation.Cryobiology,47:227-235
Zou, Yang. 2000.Evaluation on sperm quality of freshly ejaculated boar semen during in vitro storage under different temperatures. Theriogenology, 53: 1477-1488