杭州城市边缘区空间发展战略可持续性评价研究
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摘要
随着我国现代化建设的不断发展和城市化的快速推进,城市边缘区作为城市扩展的前沿阵地面临着可持续发展的巨大挑战,由此所激发和暴露的城市边缘区发展与保护方面的矛盾日益明显,如何通过空间发展战略有效地引导城市边缘区的良性发展,解决和控制边缘区发展过程中面临的经济、社会和环境问题,已经成为实现城市边缘区可持续发展的关键点。空间发展战略的目标能不能引导城市边缘区的可持续发展需要一个标准对其进行评价,以改进和完善战略决策,促进其可持续目标的实现。
本文通过研究城市边缘区可持续发展的主要矛盾及空间发展战略的可持续性,针对城市边缘区特征,引入新的可持续规划理念及评价标准,扩展可持续关注的视角、价值观,结合定性与定量的综合分析方法,主要从内容的可持续、实施结果的可持续和决策过程的可持续三个方面对空间发展战略的可持续性加以评价,尝试建立一个适合于城市边缘区可持续发展的空间发展战略评价体系,为今后城市边缘区空间发展战略的制定和编制提供有效的参考和建议。
本文选择西溪、转塘和滨江三个不同的杭州城市边缘区发展案例进行实例研究,通过对它们的空间发展战略的可持续性进行评价并总结经验,为今后杭州城市边缘区的可持续发展及保障空间发展战略的可持续性提出相关措施和建议。
With the continuous development of modernization and the rapid progress of urbanization, urban fringe, as the forefront of urban expansion is facing great challenges of sustainable development, and the contradiction between the urban fringe development and protection is becoming more and more obvious. Therefore, how to effectively guide the healthy development of urban fringe by spatial development strategy, and to address and control the economic, social and environmental issues during the development of marginal areas, has become a critical point of sustainable development realization in urban fringe areas. In order to improve and perfect the strategic decision-making and promote its sustainable goals, we need a standard to evaluate the spatial development strategy to see if it is able to guide the sustainable development of urban fringe.
The paper studied the main contradictions which the urban fringe is facing and sustainable development of spatial development strategies, focused on the urban fringe features, introduced new concepts and evaluation criteria for sustainable planning, expanded the perspective of sustainability concerns and values, combined qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, evaluated the sustainability of spatial development strategies mainly from the contents sustainability, results of the implementation sustainability and decision-making process sustainability three aspects, attempt to establish a spatial development strategy evaluation system which is suitable for sustainable development of urban fringe areas, and to provide effective reference and recommendations for the future preparation of spatial development strategy.
The paper chose Xixi, Zhuantang and Binjiang, three different areas of urban fringe as case study areas, by evaluating the sustainability of their spatial development strategies and concluding lessons learned from them, to propose relevant measures and recommendations for the future sustainable development of Hangzhou urban fringe areas and the spatial development strategy.
本文通过研究城市边缘区可持续发展的主要矛盾及空间发展战略的可持续性,针对城市边缘区特征,引入新的可持续规划理念及评价标准,扩展可持续关注的视角、价值观,结合定性与定量的综合分析方法,主要从内容的可持续、实施结果的可持续和决策过程的可持续三个方面对空间发展战略的可持续性加以评价,尝试建立一个适合于城市边缘区可持续发展的空间发展战略评价体系,为今后城市边缘区空间发展战略的制定和编制提供有效的参考和建议。
本文选择西溪、转塘和滨江三个不同的杭州城市边缘区发展案例进行实例研究,通过对它们的空间发展战略的可持续性进行评价并总结经验,为今后杭州城市边缘区的可持续发展及保障空间发展战略的可持续性提出相关措施和建议。
With the continuous development of modernization and the rapid progress of urbanization, urban fringe, as the forefront of urban expansion is facing great challenges of sustainable development, and the contradiction between the urban fringe development and protection is becoming more and more obvious. Therefore, how to effectively guide the healthy development of urban fringe by spatial development strategy, and to address and control the economic, social and environmental issues during the development of marginal areas, has become a critical point of sustainable development realization in urban fringe areas. In order to improve and perfect the strategic decision-making and promote its sustainable goals, we need a standard to evaluate the spatial development strategy to see if it is able to guide the sustainable development of urban fringe.
The paper studied the main contradictions which the urban fringe is facing and sustainable development of spatial development strategies, focused on the urban fringe features, introduced new concepts and evaluation criteria for sustainable planning, expanded the perspective of sustainability concerns and values, combined qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, evaluated the sustainability of spatial development strategies mainly from the contents sustainability, results of the implementation sustainability and decision-making process sustainability three aspects, attempt to establish a spatial development strategy evaluation system which is suitable for sustainable development of urban fringe areas, and to provide effective reference and recommendations for the future preparation of spatial development strategy.
The paper chose Xixi, Zhuantang and Binjiang, three different areas of urban fringe as case study areas, by evaluating the sustainability of their spatial development strategies and concluding lessons learned from them, to propose relevant measures and recommendations for the future sustainable development of Hangzhou urban fringe areas and the spatial development strategy.
引文
[1]丁成日,宋彦等.城市规划与空间结构——城市可持续发展战略[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[2]马强.走向“精明增长”:从“小汽车城市”到“公共交通城市”[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[3]王玲慧.大城市边缘地区空间整合与社区发展[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[4]张京祥,罗震东等.体制转型与中国城市空间重构[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2007.
[5]周天勇.城市发展战略:研究与制定[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
[6]袁雁.全球化视角下的城市空间研究——以上海郊区为例[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[7]郭力君.知识经济时代的城市空间结构研究[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2008.
[8]陈银蓉,梅昀等.大中城市城乡结合部非农建设用地的扩张与调控研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2008.
[9]赵淑玲.城市边缘区土地可持续利用理论与实证[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.
[10]顾朝林,陈田.中国大城市边缘区研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[11]顾朝林,甄峰,张京祥.集聚与扩散——城市空间结构新论[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2000.
[12]许学强,周一星,宁越敏.城市地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1997
[13]林丹.城市空间发展战略可持续性评价方法初探[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.
[14]钱俭.城市扩展中城市边缘区的城市规划政策研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.
[15]姚争.杭州市城市边缘区界定及其形成演变机理分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.
[16]薛军.结合自然的城市边缘区规划研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2003.
[17]仇保兴.紧凑度和多样性——我国城市可持续发展的核心理念[J].城市规划,2006(11):18-24.
[18]马强,徐循初.“精明增长”策略与我国的城市空间扩展[J].城市规划汇刊,2004(3):16-22.
[19]董爽,袁晓勐.城市蔓延与节约型城市建设[J].规划师,2006(5):11-13.
[20]洪亮平,林丹.城市规划可持续性评价方法探讨[J].城市规划学刊,2007(3):35-40.
[21]姜秀娟,赵淑玲.谈城市化快速进程中城市边缘区的规划问题[J].现代城市研究,2009(8):54-56.
[22]李晓江.关于“城市空间发展战略研究”的思考[J].城市规划,2003(2):28-34.
[23]陈佑启,周建明.城市边缘区土地利用的演变过程与空间布局模式[J].城市规划汇刊,1998(1):10-16.
[24]丁成日,郭湘闽等.城市发展空间战略规划研究—以江苏省昆山市为例[J].城市规划学刊,2008(6):24-31.
[25]崔功豪,武进.中国城市边缘区空间结构特征及其发展——以南京等城市为例[J].地理学报,1990(4).
[26]李和平,李金龙.城市边缘区发展的理念、管理制度与规划方法[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2004(3).
[27]刑忠,魏皓严.城镇化进程中城市边缘区的理性分期推移[J].城市发展研究,2003(6).
[28]郭春娥.天津中心城区边缘区空间发展规划研究[J].城市,2005(5).
[29]徐坚.城市边缘区(带)生态规划建设[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[30]冯长春,杨志威.欧美城市土地利用理论研究述评[J].城市规划汇刊,1998(1):2-9.
[31]何彬.机遇关注边缘——浅析大型主题活动对城市边缘区发展的影响[J].规划师,2002
[32]钱紫华,孟强.国内大城市边缘区发展模式[J].城市问题,2005(6).
[33]陈有川.当前城市边缘区发展的对策[J].城市规划汇刊,1995(5).
[34]陈浮,陈刚,包浩生等.城市边缘区土地利用变化及人文驱动力机制研究[J].自然资源学报,200l(16):201-210.
[35]周少雄.湿地保护与利用的“西溪模式”研究[J].决策咨询.2009.3.20.
[36]浙江大学“杭州市转塘地区发展战略研究”课题组.杭州市转塘地区发展战略研究.2003
[37]沈满洪.杭州转塘地区走出“经济洼地”的战略选择.经济地理.2004(9):P593-595.
[38]中国美术学院白马湖工作小组.白马湖生态创意城——杭州国家高新科技产业开发滨江区南部区块概念规划.2008.
[39]Carl V Patton,David S Sawicki,Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning,Prentice —Hall,1993.
[40]Pryor,R.J.Defining the Urban-rural Fringe.Social Forces,1968(47):202-215
[41]Bryant,C.R.et al.The City's Countryside:Land and Its Management in the Rural-Urban Fringe.London:Longman,1982:53-59.
[42]Form W H.The Place of Social Structure in the Determination of Land Use.Social Forces,1954.(32):317-323.
[43]Stern P C,Young O R,Druckman D.Global Environmental Change:Understanding the Human Dimension.National Research.1992.
[44]山鹿诚次(日),朱德泽译.城市地理学.武汉:湖北教育出版社,1986.
[45]Conzen,M R G.Alnwick,Northurmberland:A Study in Town—PlanAnalysis,Institution of British Geographers Publication,No.27,London,George Philp,1960.
[46]Association of London Government:London Agenda 21:Sustainability Indicators,Targets and Action Plans 1997 London,ALG.1997.
[47]DETR:Good Practice Guide on Sustainability Appraisal of Regional Planning Guidance,Department for the Environment,Transport and the Regions.London.HMSO.2000.
[48]East Midlands Regional Assembly,Step by step guide to sustainability appraisal.May242000
[49]Greater London,Authority,Sustainability Appraisal of the London Plan,2004.
[50]Jenny Pope,David Annandale and Barry Dalai-Clayton,SEA and Sustainability Appraisal Position Paper,'International Experience and Perspectives in SEA'—Prague,Sep.2005.
[51]Pope.J.,Annandale,D.and Mordson-Saunders,A Conceptualizing Sustainability Assessment,Environmental Impact Assessment Review.2004.24(6):595-616.
[2]马强.走向“精明增长”:从“小汽车城市”到“公共交通城市”[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[3]王玲慧.大城市边缘地区空间整合与社区发展[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[4]张京祥,罗震东等.体制转型与中国城市空间重构[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2007.
[5]周天勇.城市发展战略:研究与制定[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
[6]袁雁.全球化视角下的城市空间研究——以上海郊区为例[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[7]郭力君.知识经济时代的城市空间结构研究[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2008.
[8]陈银蓉,梅昀等.大中城市城乡结合部非农建设用地的扩张与调控研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2008.
[9]赵淑玲.城市边缘区土地可持续利用理论与实证[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.
[10]顾朝林,陈田.中国大城市边缘区研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[11]顾朝林,甄峰,张京祥.集聚与扩散——城市空间结构新论[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2000.
[12]许学强,周一星,宁越敏.城市地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1997
[13]林丹.城市空间发展战略可持续性评价方法初探[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.
[14]钱俭.城市扩展中城市边缘区的城市规划政策研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.
[15]姚争.杭州市城市边缘区界定及其形成演变机理分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.
[16]薛军.结合自然的城市边缘区规划研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2003.
[17]仇保兴.紧凑度和多样性——我国城市可持续发展的核心理念[J].城市规划,2006(11):18-24.
[18]马强,徐循初.“精明增长”策略与我国的城市空间扩展[J].城市规划汇刊,2004(3):16-22.
[19]董爽,袁晓勐.城市蔓延与节约型城市建设[J].规划师,2006(5):11-13.
[20]洪亮平,林丹.城市规划可持续性评价方法探讨[J].城市规划学刊,2007(3):35-40.
[21]姜秀娟,赵淑玲.谈城市化快速进程中城市边缘区的规划问题[J].现代城市研究,2009(8):54-56.
[22]李晓江.关于“城市空间发展战略研究”的思考[J].城市规划,2003(2):28-34.
[23]陈佑启,周建明.城市边缘区土地利用的演变过程与空间布局模式[J].城市规划汇刊,1998(1):10-16.
[24]丁成日,郭湘闽等.城市发展空间战略规划研究—以江苏省昆山市为例[J].城市规划学刊,2008(6):24-31.
[25]崔功豪,武进.中国城市边缘区空间结构特征及其发展——以南京等城市为例[J].地理学报,1990(4).
[26]李和平,李金龙.城市边缘区发展的理念、管理制度与规划方法[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2004(3).
[27]刑忠,魏皓严.城镇化进程中城市边缘区的理性分期推移[J].城市发展研究,2003(6).
[28]郭春娥.天津中心城区边缘区空间发展规划研究[J].城市,2005(5).
[29]徐坚.城市边缘区(带)生态规划建设[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[30]冯长春,杨志威.欧美城市土地利用理论研究述评[J].城市规划汇刊,1998(1):2-9.
[31]何彬.机遇关注边缘——浅析大型主题活动对城市边缘区发展的影响[J].规划师,2002
[32]钱紫华,孟强.国内大城市边缘区发展模式[J].城市问题,2005(6).
[33]陈有川.当前城市边缘区发展的对策[J].城市规划汇刊,1995(5).
[34]陈浮,陈刚,包浩生等.城市边缘区土地利用变化及人文驱动力机制研究[J].自然资源学报,200l(16):201-210.
[35]周少雄.湿地保护与利用的“西溪模式”研究[J].决策咨询.2009.3.20.
[36]浙江大学“杭州市转塘地区发展战略研究”课题组.杭州市转塘地区发展战略研究.2003
[37]沈满洪.杭州转塘地区走出“经济洼地”的战略选择.经济地理.2004(9):P593-595.
[38]中国美术学院白马湖工作小组.白马湖生态创意城——杭州国家高新科技产业开发滨江区南部区块概念规划.2008.
[39]Carl V Patton,David S Sawicki,Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning,Prentice —Hall,1993.
[40]Pryor,R.J.Defining the Urban-rural Fringe.Social Forces,1968(47):202-215
[41]Bryant,C.R.et al.The City's Countryside:Land and Its Management in the Rural-Urban Fringe.London:Longman,1982:53-59.
[42]Form W H.The Place of Social Structure in the Determination of Land Use.Social Forces,1954.(32):317-323.
[43]Stern P C,Young O R,Druckman D.Global Environmental Change:Understanding the Human Dimension.National Research.1992.
[44]山鹿诚次(日),朱德泽译.城市地理学.武汉:湖北教育出版社,1986.
[45]Conzen,M R G.Alnwick,Northurmberland:A Study in Town—PlanAnalysis,Institution of British Geographers Publication,No.27,London,George Philp,1960.
[46]Association of London Government:London Agenda 21:Sustainability Indicators,Targets and Action Plans 1997 London,ALG.1997.
[47]DETR:Good Practice Guide on Sustainability Appraisal of Regional Planning Guidance,Department for the Environment,Transport and the Regions.London.HMSO.2000.
[48]East Midlands Regional Assembly,Step by step guide to sustainability appraisal.May242000
[49]Greater London,Authority,Sustainability Appraisal of the London Plan,2004.
[50]Jenny Pope,David Annandale and Barry Dalai-Clayton,SEA and Sustainability Appraisal Position Paper,'International Experience and Perspectives in SEA'—Prague,Sep.2005.
[51]Pope.J.,Annandale,D.and Mordson-Saunders,A Conceptualizing Sustainability Assessment,Environmental Impact Assessment Review.2004.24(6):595-616.