银行监管机制的法经济学分析
摘要
银行监管是现代经济的核心,对我国经济增长具有很大的促进作用。银行的稳定与安全关系到一国整个经济体制的稳健与安全。所以,世界各国都非常重视对金融机构,特别是银行部门的监管。尽管我国银行业取得了飞快的发展,从而促动了我国国民经济的快速增长,但其发展还很不成熟,银行的竞争力较弱,银行监管能力较差,潜在风险较大。如何通过有效监管,有效防范、控制和化解银行经营风险,保持银行体系的稳定和安全,仍然是一个需要深入研究的重大课题。
本文,回顾了我国银行监管的发展历程(具体分为三个大阶段),分析了我国银行监管所取得的成就及存在的各种不足;并对国际上银行监管的成功经验进行分析总结,在此基础上针对对我国银行监管中存在的具体问题进行分析,以期为我国银行监管提出一些有益建议。
As we know, Banks play an important role in the normal operation of market economy in the maintain process. Therefore, all countries have formulated and approaches to all relevant laws and regulations, or policy advice to achieve regulation of the banking system.But still, because the banking system more innovative products and innovative services, China's socialist market economic system is not perfect, and the accession to the World Trade Organization shorter, still can not fully adapt to the pace of the world market economy, the Government effectiveness of banking supervision and the effect is not very significant, this paper on the issue of bank supervision trying to find some valuable inspiration.
First of all, in the first chapter the author introduces the basic elements of bank supervision, highlighting the significance of banking supervision: a sound banking supervision in achieving sustainable economic development, to achieve the steady development of banking system plays an important role in the process.This requires not only self-regulating market, but also need the government to monitor the timely and appropriate.Inherent vulnerability of the banking requirements of banks to establish a good regulatory mechanism, in order to avoid banking business in the possible risks, and to establish appropriate emergency measures to resolve the crisis, so as to maintain the stable operation of the market economy, to further ensure the health of the national economyorderly development.
Chapter 2 I learn from the perspective of law and economics analysis of the banking supervision from the system, three levels of system and system of banking supervision.In general, the mechanism is more focused on the means and methods of this aspect, it States act banking supervising the daily operations have the following on-site inspection and off-site inspection.System of banking supervision organizations focus more on banking supervision system for this level.System of banking supervision is the focus of the legal norms on banking supervision level, the law is to maintain social stability a strong line of defense, if a country's legal system is unreasonable, then bound to affect their economic and other aspects of development.
In the third chapter I analyze, synthesize, learn from our supervision of academic research on the bank based on the results, summarizes the development of China's banking history of banking supervision and banking supervision in China's current situation, in 2003, the Central Banking Regulatory Commission was set up,means that banking regulators began to enter the stage of separation.China's banking regulations are very clear: the implementation of the environmental background of banking supervision unstable, imperfect laws and regulations related to government intervention banking supervision over the executive power.The existing system of banking supervision is not enough system, the lack of a reasonable regulatory organization concept, means a single, backward technology.Meanwhile, the risk of banking supervision and improve early warning mechanisms, lack of supervision of the use of media opinion.
Chapter IV the author analyzed the banking supervision in China and abroad, research the United States, Japan and the European Bank's regulatory system and the system based on, learn its successful experience.U.S. bank supervision model - two-lane multi-mode: a variety of reasons, the U.S. bank regulatory system is very complex, both federal and state registration and the right to supervise commercial banks, namely the implementation of state laws and state banking law banking dual banking system.Japan's banking supervision model - single multi-mode: single multi-monitor mode is relative to the double in terms of multi-monitor mode, this mode of monitoring the power concentrated in the central, in fact, is the Ministry of Finance and Central Banksubject to carry out the monitoring work. the British model of bank supervision - the only control mode: the current supervision of banks and the United Kingdom is the only regulatory body to supervise banks.
Chapter Five conclude these foreign experiences and national conditions of China at this stage, based on the above analysis for the problem, the author of a number of recommendations on Banking Supervision.Proposed for the implementation of banking supervision to build a harmonious environment, improve banking supervision in the relevant laws and regulations, reduce the administrative power to intervene in bank supervision efforts.Construction of the system of bank supervision system, banking regulatory bodies to establish the concept of reasonable regulation.Means to achieve diversification of banking supervision, the introduction of advanced control technology and improved bank risk early warning mechanism to enhance the media's opinion reasonable suggestions related to regulatory functions.
本文,回顾了我国银行监管的发展历程(具体分为三个大阶段),分析了我国银行监管所取得的成就及存在的各种不足;并对国际上银行监管的成功经验进行分析总结,在此基础上针对对我国银行监管中存在的具体问题进行分析,以期为我国银行监管提出一些有益建议。
As we know, Banks play an important role in the normal operation of market economy in the maintain process. Therefore, all countries have formulated and approaches to all relevant laws and regulations, or policy advice to achieve regulation of the banking system.But still, because the banking system more innovative products and innovative services, China's socialist market economic system is not perfect, and the accession to the World Trade Organization shorter, still can not fully adapt to the pace of the world market economy, the Government effectiveness of banking supervision and the effect is not very significant, this paper on the issue of bank supervision trying to find some valuable inspiration.
First of all, in the first chapter the author introduces the basic elements of bank supervision, highlighting the significance of banking supervision: a sound banking supervision in achieving sustainable economic development, to achieve the steady development of banking system plays an important role in the process.This requires not only self-regulating market, but also need the government to monitor the timely and appropriate.Inherent vulnerability of the banking requirements of banks to establish a good regulatory mechanism, in order to avoid banking business in the possible risks, and to establish appropriate emergency measures to resolve the crisis, so as to maintain the stable operation of the market economy, to further ensure the health of the national economyorderly development.
Chapter 2 I learn from the perspective of law and economics analysis of the banking supervision from the system, three levels of system and system of banking supervision.In general, the mechanism is more focused on the means and methods of this aspect, it States act banking supervising the daily operations have the following on-site inspection and off-site inspection.System of banking supervision organizations focus more on banking supervision system for this level.System of banking supervision is the focus of the legal norms on banking supervision level, the law is to maintain social stability a strong line of defense, if a country's legal system is unreasonable, then bound to affect their economic and other aspects of development.
In the third chapter I analyze, synthesize, learn from our supervision of academic research on the bank based on the results, summarizes the development of China's banking history of banking supervision and banking supervision in China's current situation, in 2003, the Central Banking Regulatory Commission was set up,means that banking regulators began to enter the stage of separation.China's banking regulations are very clear: the implementation of the environmental background of banking supervision unstable, imperfect laws and regulations related to government intervention banking supervision over the executive power.The existing system of banking supervision is not enough system, the lack of a reasonable regulatory organization concept, means a single, backward technology.Meanwhile, the risk of banking supervision and improve early warning mechanisms, lack of supervision of the use of media opinion.
Chapter IV the author analyzed the banking supervision in China and abroad, research the United States, Japan and the European Bank's regulatory system and the system based on, learn its successful experience.U.S. bank supervision model - two-lane multi-mode: a variety of reasons, the U.S. bank regulatory system is very complex, both federal and state registration and the right to supervise commercial banks, namely the implementation of state laws and state banking law banking dual banking system.Japan's banking supervision model - single multi-mode: single multi-monitor mode is relative to the double in terms of multi-monitor mode, this mode of monitoring the power concentrated in the central, in fact, is the Ministry of Finance and Central Banksubject to carry out the monitoring work. the British model of bank supervision - the only control mode: the current supervision of banks and the United Kingdom is the only regulatory body to supervise banks.
Chapter Five conclude these foreign experiences and national conditions of China at this stage, based on the above analysis for the problem, the author of a number of recommendations on Banking Supervision.Proposed for the implementation of banking supervision to build a harmonious environment, improve banking supervision in the relevant laws and regulations, reduce the administrative power to intervene in bank supervision efforts.Construction of the system of bank supervision system, banking regulatory bodies to establish the concept of reasonable regulation.Means to achieve diversification of banking supervision, the introduction of advanced control technology and improved bank risk early warning mechanism to enhance the media's opinion reasonable suggestions related to regulatory functions.
引文
[1]邓小平.邓小平文选(第三卷)[M].北京:人民出版社,1993:366.
[2] Flannery, M.J, Sorescu, S.M.Evidence of bank market discipline in subordinated debenture yields1983–1991[J].Journal of Finance, 1996:1347-1377.
[3] Azlexander.Kem.Reforming the Basel Accod.Journal of International Banking Regulation[J].2003(4):298-301.
[4] Sood.Shravan.Collaterisation and risk management under BaselⅡGlobal Investor[J].2006(3):23-27.
[5]白钦先.“发展金融”理论研究[J].国际金融研究,1997 (10):74.
[6]阎庆民.中国银行业监管问题研究[M].中国金融出版社,2002.
[7]郑德权,杨文奇.金融监管的博弈论分析[J].商业研究,2003(11).
[8]冉勇,蒲勇健.激励规制理论与商业银行监管[J].财经科学,2005(3):8-12.
[9]沈卓蕴.银行监管的国际比较与借鉴研究(硕士论文)[D].暨南大学,2003.
[10]王传正.论中国银行监管制度的构建(博士论文)[D].东北财经大学,2005.
[11]黄敏.银行监管制度研究(博士论文)[D].华东师范大学,2008.
[12]江曙霞,何建勇.激励相容视角下银行监管机制设计:研究综述和展望[J].制度经济学研究,2009(3).
[13]任可.我国中央银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].对外经济贸易大学,2002.
[14]张劲松.信息时代这样银行监管面临的挑战与功能再造[J].河南画报,2003.
[15]王强.我国商业银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].暨南大学,2000.
[16]刘琼瑜.国有银行监管问题研究(硕士论文)[D].复旦大学,2005.
[17]大卫·G·梅斯,丽莎·海尔姆,阿诺·柳克西拉.改进银行监管(中译本)[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2006:1.
[18]陆泽峰.金融创新与法律变革[M].法律出版社,1999:21.
[19]郭翠荣.我国银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].东北农业大学,2002.
[20] Greenspan,A. Testimony on banking regulation, before the United States Senate Committee on Banking,Housing and Urban Affairs[J].1994March:2.
[21]孔祥毅.宏观金融调控理论[M].北京:中国金融出版社,2003:3.
[22]孔祥毅.宏观金融调控理论[M].北京:中国金融出版社,2003:5.
[23]宋海,任兆璋.商业银行监管[M].华南理工大学出版社,2006:61.
[24]张威.中国银行监管的问题与对策研究(博士论文)[D].天津财经大学,2008.
[25]蔺子荣,胡金焱.从计划金融到市场金融的渐进化改革[J].财经科学,1999(2).
[26]中国人民银行研究局.中国现代中央银行体制[M].北京:中国金融出版社,1999:6.
[27]杨卫红.商业银行监管比较[M].民主与建设出版社,1999.
[28]张丕强.银行监管组织结构研究(博士论文)[D].复旦大学,2003.
[29]中国人民银行.中国人民银行金融监管指南(试行)[M].中国金融出版社,2001.
[30]袁野.转轨时期我国银行监管的经济学研究(硕士论文)[D].西南财经大学,2001.
[31]尚娟.商业银行监管体系研究(博士论文)[D].西北农林大学,2004.
[32]闵茂丽.商业银行监管法律制度研究(硕士论文)[D].华中师范大学,2001.
[33]王晔.现代银行管理论与中国银行监管制度的完善(博士论文)[D].东北财经大学,2003.
[34]唐艳芳.国外银行监管制度比较及其对我国的启示(硕士论文)[D].厦门大学,2001.
[35]石巧荣.论我国银行监管新机制的构建(硕士论文)[D].郑州大学,2002.
[36]燕华凯.银行监管和我国的现实选择(硕士论文)[D].安徽大学,2003.
[37]佘桂荣.银行监管中的市场约束机制(博士论文)[D].湖南大学,2009.
[38]王竞.多变金融环境下的我国银行监管体制[J].社科纵横, 2008(23).
[39]牛艳艳.我国银行业监管存在的问题及对策[J].财经纵横,2009(5).
[40]史福厚.金融监管导论[M].北京:中国商务出版社,2004.
[41]潘德平.国外商业银行监管研究与启示[J].财经问题研究,2005(3).
1邓小平.邓小平文选(第三卷)[M].北京:人民出版社,1993:366.
2 Flannery, M.J, Sorescu, S.M.Evidence of bank market discipline in subordinated debenture yields1983–1991[J] .Journal of Finance1996,1347-1377.
3 Alexzander,Kem.Reforming the Basel Accod.Journal of International Banking Regulation[M].2003 (4):298-301
4 Sood,Shravan.Collaterisation and risk management under BaselⅡGlobal Investor[M].2006(3):23-27.
5白钦先.“发展金融”理论研究[J].国际金融研究.1997(10):74.
6阎庆民.《中国银行业监管问题研究》[M].中国金融出版社.2002年版.
7郑德权,杨文奇.金融监管的博弈论分析[J].商业研究,2003(11).
8冉勇,蒲勇健.激励规制理论与商业银行监管[J].财经科学,2005(3),8一12.
9沈卓蕴.银行监管的国际比较与借鉴研究(硕士论文)[D].暨南大学,2003.
10王传正.论中国银行监管制度的构建(博士论文)[D].东北财经大学,2005.
11黄敏.银行监管制度研究(博士论文)[D].华东师范大学,2008.
12江曙霞,何建勇.激励相容视角下银行监管机制设计:研究综述和展望[J].制度经济学研究,2009(3).
13任可.我国中央银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].对外经济贸易大学,2002.
14张劲松.信息时代这样银行监管面临的挑战与功能再造[J].河南画报,2003.
15王强.我国商业银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].暨南大学,2000.
16刘琼瑜.国有银行监管问题研究(硕士论文)[D].复旦大学,2005.
17大卫·G·梅斯,丽莎·海尔姆,阿诺·柳克西拉.改进银行监管(中译本)[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2006:1.
18陆泽峰.金融创新与法律变革[M].法律出版社,1999:21.
19郭翠荣.我国银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].东北农业大学,2002.
20 Greenspan,A. Testimony on banking regulation, before the United States Senate Committee on Banking,Housing and Urban Affairs[J].March:2.
21孔祥毅.宏观金融调控理论[M].北京:中国金融出版社,2003:3.
22孔祥毅.宏观金融调控理论[M].北京:中国金融出版社,2003:5.
23张威.中国银行监管的问题与对策研究(博士论文)[D].天津财经大学,2008.
24蔺子荣,胡金焱.从计划金融到市场金融的渐进化改革[J].财经科学,1999(2).
25中国人民银行研究局.中国现代中央银行体制[M].北京:中国金融出版社,1999:6-7.
26杨卫红.商业银行监管比较[M].民主与建设出版社,1999.
27张丕强.银行监管组织结构研究(博士论文)[D].复旦大学,.2003.
29谢伏瞻.金融改革与金融安全[R].
30美国银行监管的模式、特点及其启示[J].中国经济时报,2002-01-08.
31李豪明.英美银行监管制度比较与借鉴[M].北京:中国金融出版社,1998:30.
32中国人民银行.中国人民银行金融监管指南(试行)[M].北京:中国金融出版社,2001.
[2] Flannery, M.J, Sorescu, S.M.Evidence of bank market discipline in subordinated debenture yields1983–1991[J].Journal of Finance, 1996:1347-1377.
[3] Azlexander.Kem.Reforming the Basel Accod.Journal of International Banking Regulation[J].2003(4):298-301.
[4] Sood.Shravan.Collaterisation and risk management under BaselⅡGlobal Investor[J].2006(3):23-27.
[5]白钦先.“发展金融”理论研究[J].国际金融研究,1997 (10):74.
[6]阎庆民.中国银行业监管问题研究[M].中国金融出版社,2002.
[7]郑德权,杨文奇.金融监管的博弈论分析[J].商业研究,2003(11).
[8]冉勇,蒲勇健.激励规制理论与商业银行监管[J].财经科学,2005(3):8-12.
[9]沈卓蕴.银行监管的国际比较与借鉴研究(硕士论文)[D].暨南大学,2003.
[10]王传正.论中国银行监管制度的构建(博士论文)[D].东北财经大学,2005.
[11]黄敏.银行监管制度研究(博士论文)[D].华东师范大学,2008.
[12]江曙霞,何建勇.激励相容视角下银行监管机制设计:研究综述和展望[J].制度经济学研究,2009(3).
[13]任可.我国中央银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].对外经济贸易大学,2002.
[14]张劲松.信息时代这样银行监管面临的挑战与功能再造[J].河南画报,2003.
[15]王强.我国商业银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].暨南大学,2000.
[16]刘琼瑜.国有银行监管问题研究(硕士论文)[D].复旦大学,2005.
[17]大卫·G·梅斯,丽莎·海尔姆,阿诺·柳克西拉.改进银行监管(中译本)[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2006:1.
[18]陆泽峰.金融创新与法律变革[M].法律出版社,1999:21.
[19]郭翠荣.我国银行监管研究(硕士论文)[D].东北农业大学,2002.
[20] Greenspan,A. Testimony on banking regulation, before the United States Senate Committee on Banking,Housing and Urban Affairs[J].1994March:2.
[21]孔祥毅.宏观金融调控理论[M].北京:中国金融出版社,2003:3.
[22]孔祥毅.宏观金融调控理论[M].北京:中国金融出版社,2003:5.
[23]宋海,任兆璋.商业银行监管[M].华南理工大学出版社,2006:61.
[24]张威.中国银行监管的问题与对策研究(博士论文)[D].天津财经大学,2008.
[25]蔺子荣,胡金焱.从计划金融到市场金融的渐进化改革[J].财经科学,1999(2).
[26]中国人民银行研究局.中国现代中央银行体制[M].北京:中国金融出版社,1999:6.
[27]杨卫红.商业银行监管比较[M].民主与建设出版社,1999.
[28]张丕强.银行监管组织结构研究(博士论文)[D].复旦大学,2003.
[29]中国人民银行.中国人民银行金融监管指南(试行)[M].中国金融出版社,2001.
[30]袁野.转轨时期我国银行监管的经济学研究(硕士论文)[D].西南财经大学,2001.
[31]尚娟.商业银行监管体系研究(博士论文)[D].西北农林大学,2004.
[32]闵茂丽.商业银行监管法律制度研究(硕士论文)[D].华中师范大学,2001.
[33]王晔.现代银行管理论与中国银行监管制度的完善(博士论文)[D].东北财经大学,2003.
[34]唐艳芳.国外银行监管制度比较及其对我国的启示(硕士论文)[D].厦门大学,2001.
[35]石巧荣.论我国银行监管新机制的构建(硕士论文)[D].郑州大学,2002.
[36]燕华凯.银行监管和我国的现实选择(硕士论文)[D].安徽大学,2003.
[37]佘桂荣.银行监管中的市场约束机制(博士论文)[D].湖南大学,2009.
[38]王竞.多变金融环境下的我国银行监管体制[J].社科纵横, 2008(23).
[39]牛艳艳.我国银行业监管存在的问题及对策[J].财经纵横,2009(5).
[40]史福厚.金融监管导论[M].北京:中国商务出版社,2004.
[41]潘德平.国外商业银行监管研究与启示[J].财经问题研究,2005(3).
1邓小平.邓小平文选(第三卷)[M].北京:人民出版社,1993:366.
2 Flannery, M.J, Sorescu, S.M.Evidence of bank market discipline in subordinated debenture yields1983–1991[J] .Journal of Finance1996,1347-1377.
3 Alexzander,Kem.Reforming the Basel Accod.Journal of International Banking Regulation[M].2003 (4):298-301
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