澳大利亚滨海休闲旅游区生态利用研究
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摘要
近年来,滨海旅游如火如荼,滨海旅游区成了人们外出休闲的重要目的地。滨海旅游空间作为开展滨海游憩活动的重要场所,成为旅游区开发建设的重点,由此对海洋生态带来的巨大威胁正日益引起人们的关注。
本文以本地生态的保护与利用为基础,以澳大利亚旅游业发展中的生态保护与利用为借鉴,结合大量相关资料的搜集与整理,从规划立法、规划管理、规划实施等角度对现有实例进行解析,旨在通过细致深入的学习与研究,为我国特别是天津今后的滨海旅游发展提供重要的参照。
论文首先介绍了滨海休闲旅游区生态利用的基本内容,从国家旅游计划、战略方针、区域发展规划、湿地和珊瑚礁等海洋资源的修复与利用等五个层面,详细介绍和分析了澳大利亚领先于国际水平的多个案例;其次,以上述案例为基础,从宏观与微观两个层次详细剖析与研究,介绍澳大利亚滨海旅游在策划、管理、实施过程中取得的先进经验;最后,结合中国的国情和天津滨海休闲旅游区的资源现状,结合澳大利亚先进经验的启示,探讨了从生态利用角度如何改善天津滨海休闲旅游区的意见和建议。
In recent years, coastal tourism has developed rapidly, and coastal tourism districts have become the major destination when people go out for recreation. As the significant places of travel and relaxing by coast, coastal tourism spaces are going to be the focus on the exploitation and development of tourism resources, which have threatened oceanic environment and are paid great attention on.
This article is based on the protection and using of native ecology, which takes Australian tourism industry for example, combined with lots of work on relative information’s collection and coordination, resolves on the examples in the way of legislation, management, action of urban planning, in order to provide important references for coastal tourism evolution in China, especially in Tianjin in future with deep study and research.
First, this article will introduce the basic information on ecological using of coastal tourism districts, then particularly analyze the examples on the aspects which Australia leads the international level from five lays below: national tourism plan, strategy and policy, regional development plan, renovation and using of ocean resources such as wetland and coral reef. Second, the article will typically research the examples above on both macro and micro lays, and introduce advanced experiences that Australia has achieved on the aspect of planning, management and action. Third, combined with the situation of coastal tourism resources both in China and Tianjin, and the inspiration of Australia advanced experiences, the article will find out the opinions and suggestions on how to improve coastal tourism districts in Tianjin from ecological using point.
本文以本地生态的保护与利用为基础,以澳大利亚旅游业发展中的生态保护与利用为借鉴,结合大量相关资料的搜集与整理,从规划立法、规划管理、规划实施等角度对现有实例进行解析,旨在通过细致深入的学习与研究,为我国特别是天津今后的滨海旅游发展提供重要的参照。
论文首先介绍了滨海休闲旅游区生态利用的基本内容,从国家旅游计划、战略方针、区域发展规划、湿地和珊瑚礁等海洋资源的修复与利用等五个层面,详细介绍和分析了澳大利亚领先于国际水平的多个案例;其次,以上述案例为基础,从宏观与微观两个层次详细剖析与研究,介绍澳大利亚滨海旅游在策划、管理、实施过程中取得的先进经验;最后,结合中国的国情和天津滨海休闲旅游区的资源现状,结合澳大利亚先进经验的启示,探讨了从生态利用角度如何改善天津滨海休闲旅游区的意见和建议。
In recent years, coastal tourism has developed rapidly, and coastal tourism districts have become the major destination when people go out for recreation. As the significant places of travel and relaxing by coast, coastal tourism spaces are going to be the focus on the exploitation and development of tourism resources, which have threatened oceanic environment and are paid great attention on.
This article is based on the protection and using of native ecology, which takes Australian tourism industry for example, combined with lots of work on relative information’s collection and coordination, resolves on the examples in the way of legislation, management, action of urban planning, in order to provide important references for coastal tourism evolution in China, especially in Tianjin in future with deep study and research.
First, this article will introduce the basic information on ecological using of coastal tourism districts, then particularly analyze the examples on the aspects which Australia leads the international level from five lays below: national tourism plan, strategy and policy, regional development plan, renovation and using of ocean resources such as wetland and coral reef. Second, the article will typically research the examples above on both macro and micro lays, and introduce advanced experiences that Australia has achieved on the aspect of planning, management and action. Third, combined with the situation of coastal tourism resources both in China and Tianjin, and the inspiration of Australia advanced experiences, the article will find out the opinions and suggestions on how to improve coastal tourism districts in Tianjin from ecological using point.
引文
1袁雅,论滨海旅游度假区规划中的资源保护与开发——基于景观生态学的思考: [硕士学位论文],重庆, 重庆大学, 2006
1东亚第一届国家公园与保护区会议,1993
2生态旅游学会,1992
1刘家明,生态旅游及其规划的研究进展,应用生态学报,1998,9(3),327-331
2 http://baike.baidu.com
1周霄夏沫,中国海滨度假旅游的现状、趋势与创新对策,学术探索,2005(1)
2美国城市土地利用学会,度假区开发设计手册,知识产权出版社, 2004
1 Barara Jones, Tanya Tear,澳大利亚国家生态旅游战略,产业与环境, 1996, 18(1), 55-57
1 Government of South Australia, Living Coast Strategy for South Australia, South Australia State, 2004.
1刘厚田,湿地定义和类型划分[J],生态学杂志,1995(4): 73-77
2张绪良,莱州湾南岸滨海湿地的退化及其生态恢复、重建研究: [硕士学位论文],青岛;青岛大学, 2006
1李洪远鞠美庭,生态恢复的原理与实践,北京:化学工业出版社, 2005, 128-146
1李洪远鞠美庭,生态恢复的原理与实践,北京:化学工业出版社, 2005, 186-191
1邓明艳,国外世界遗产保护与旅游管理方法的启示——以澳大利亚大堡礁为例,生态经济, 2005, 12
1蔡守秋,澳大利亚环境法, http://www.yfzs.gov.cn, 2003
1冯海发谢义亚,澳大利亚生态环境建设考察报告,学习与研究, 2003, 2, 56-59
1 http://cleanup.org.au/au/
2 Ralf Buckley,生态旅游案例研究(杨桂华等),天津:南开大学出版社, 2004, 158-159
1高正文,澳大利亚环保考察印象,家园故事, 2006, 11: 142-145
1 http://www.ecotourism.org
2吴必虎,旅游生态学与旅游目的地的可持续发展,生态学杂志, 1996(2):37-43
1 David Wood,澳大利亚西北部旅游战略规划多方参与的得失(范业正等),北京,国外城市规划, 2003, 18(1), 11-18
1冯金良,崔之久等,秦皇岛地区侵蚀性海滩的演化及保护,海岸工程, 1999, 18(4): 29-34
2李洪远鞠美庭,生态恢复的原理与实践,北京:化学工业出版社, 2005, 196-200
3 Government of South Australia , Adelaide's Living Beaches: A Strategy for 2005–2025, 2005
1 Ralf Buckley,生态旅游案例研究(杨桂华等),天津:南开大学出版社, 2004, 137-138
1李洪远鞠美庭,生态恢复的原理与实践,北京:化学工业出版社, 2005, 147-165
1 http://www.wetlands.org
1 http://www.sharkbay.org
1 Ralf Buckley,生态旅游案例研究(杨桂华等),天津:南开大学出版社, 2004, 136-137
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1东亚第一届国家公园与保护区会议,1993
2生态旅游学会,1992
1刘家明,生态旅游及其规划的研究进展,应用生态学报,1998,9(3),327-331
2 http://baike.baidu.com
1周霄夏沫,中国海滨度假旅游的现状、趋势与创新对策,学术探索,2005(1)
2美国城市土地利用学会,度假区开发设计手册,知识产权出版社, 2004
1 Barara Jones, Tanya Tear,澳大利亚国家生态旅游战略,产业与环境, 1996, 18(1), 55-57
1 Government of South Australia, Living Coast Strategy for South Australia, South Australia State, 2004.
1刘厚田,湿地定义和类型划分[J],生态学杂志,1995(4): 73-77
2张绪良,莱州湾南岸滨海湿地的退化及其生态恢复、重建研究: [硕士学位论文],青岛;青岛大学, 2006
1李洪远鞠美庭,生态恢复的原理与实践,北京:化学工业出版社, 2005, 128-146
1李洪远鞠美庭,生态恢复的原理与实践,北京:化学工业出版社, 2005, 186-191
1邓明艳,国外世界遗产保护与旅游管理方法的启示——以澳大利亚大堡礁为例,生态经济, 2005, 12
1蔡守秋,澳大利亚环境法, http://www.yfzs.gov.cn, 2003
1冯海发谢义亚,澳大利亚生态环境建设考察报告,学习与研究, 2003, 2, 56-59
1 http://cleanup.org.au/au/
2 Ralf Buckley,生态旅游案例研究(杨桂华等),天津:南开大学出版社, 2004, 158-159
1高正文,澳大利亚环保考察印象,家园故事, 2006, 11: 142-145
1 http://www.ecotourism.org
2吴必虎,旅游生态学与旅游目的地的可持续发展,生态学杂志, 1996(2):37-43
1 David Wood,澳大利亚西北部旅游战略规划多方参与的得失(范业正等),北京,国外城市规划, 2003, 18(1), 11-18
1冯金良,崔之久等,秦皇岛地区侵蚀性海滩的演化及保护,海岸工程, 1999, 18(4): 29-34
2李洪远鞠美庭,生态恢复的原理与实践,北京:化学工业出版社, 2005, 196-200
3 Government of South Australia , Adelaide's Living Beaches: A Strategy for 2005–2025, 2005
1 Ralf Buckley,生态旅游案例研究(杨桂华等),天津:南开大学出版社, 2004, 137-138
1李洪远鞠美庭,生态恢复的原理与实践,北京:化学工业出版社, 2005, 147-165
1 http://www.wetlands.org
1 http://www.sharkbay.org
1 Ralf Buckley,生态旅游案例研究(杨桂华等),天津:南开大学出版社, 2004, 136-137
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