坪床结构对北京地区高尔夫果岭草坪性能的影响
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摘要
高尔夫果岭是我国当前草坪科研和生产实践中相对薄弱的一个领域,对我国体育运动的发展和国际间的交流有着十分重要的影响。高尔夫果岭质量受坪床物理性状的影响。一个好的坪床建造体系将会形成一个高质量的高尔夫果岭,也能大大节省后期的管理成本,对草坪群落特征和草坪使用功能起着最基本的和长期的制约作用。试验设4个处理:土壤坪床(T1),纯沙坪床(T2),半改良沙基坪床(T3)和全改良沙基坪床(T4),小区面积2×3㎡。
结果表明综合速率模型(IRM)能通过计算草坪的综合性能指数(CPI),综合的、定量的、客观的评价高尔夫果岭的质量。主要研究结论如下:
1、坪床的物理性状受诸多因素的影响,新建草坪的土壤饱和导水率和入渗率并没有达到USGA标准。随土壤中的含沙量增加,土壤饱和导水率、土壤入渗率、气体孔隙度都增加。土壤坪床总孔隙度和水分孔隙度高于沙基坪床,容重值小于沙基坪床。四种坪床的pH值显碱性,灌溉水是主要的影响因子。
2、土壤的物理性状影响高尔夫果岭的群落特征,特别是草坪的外观质量和根系生长。从各个坪床的草坪根系生长来看,75%-90%根量集中在0-50mm内,根系分布在地表30cm内,这与大多数研究者结论一致,沙基坪床的根量及根系分布都优于土壤坪床。
3、利用综合速率模型公式能很好的对高尔夫果岭的性能进行综合、定量和客观地评价和动态监视,并可以用作高尔夫果岭季节性管理规划的决策工具。
4、草炭常用于改良沙基坪床,其中半改良的沙基坪床(T3)能代替USGA推荐的全改良沙基坪床(T4)。四种坪床的CPI依次为:T3(0.89)>T4(0.71)>T2(0.68)>T1(0.56)。
Golf green is a relative week research field of turfgrass science in our country, which is crucial for the development and intercommunition of athletic sports. Rootzone physical properties have great effects on performance of sport turf. A good rootzone will produce a high quality of sport turf, and significantly save the cost of latter maintenance, which have the basic and long-term constraints to turf sward characteristics and turf playing quality. The experiment includes four treatments: soil-based rootzone(T1), pure sand rootzone(T2), partically amendes sand rootzone(T3), fully amended sand rootzone(T4). The plots were constructed within 2×3㎡.
The results showed that performance of sport turf could be objectively, quantitatively and comprehencively assessed by using an Integrated Rate Methodology(IRM) model through computing the Comprehensive Performance Index(CPI). The main results are as follows:
1. There were many factors effecting rootzone physical properties. Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and infiltration rate of new turf were not up to standards of USGA. With sand content increasing, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate and air-filled porosity increased. Compared to sand-base rootzone, total porosity and water-filled porosity of soil rootzone were more, and bulk denstity was less. pH of four rootzones were alkaline that is mainly caused by irrigation water.
2. Soil physical properties affected sward characteristics of sport turf, especially to performance and root growth of turf. The main percentage of root mass were 75%-90% in the 0-50mm depth, and root distribution was in the 30cm of surface, which agreed with the majority of researchers. Root mass and root distribution of sand-base rootzone were better than soil-based rootzone.
3. By , IRM could comprehencively, quantitatively and objectively assess, dynamic monitor and appear a decision-making tool in seasonal management of sport turf.
4. Peat offen was used to amend sand-base rootzone. T3 could be instead of T4 which was recommended by USGA. The CPI of four rootzones was: T3(0.89) > T4(0.71) > T2(0.68) > T1(0.56).
结果表明综合速率模型(IRM)能通过计算草坪的综合性能指数(CPI),综合的、定量的、客观的评价高尔夫果岭的质量。主要研究结论如下:
1、坪床的物理性状受诸多因素的影响,新建草坪的土壤饱和导水率和入渗率并没有达到USGA标准。随土壤中的含沙量增加,土壤饱和导水率、土壤入渗率、气体孔隙度都增加。土壤坪床总孔隙度和水分孔隙度高于沙基坪床,容重值小于沙基坪床。四种坪床的pH值显碱性,灌溉水是主要的影响因子。
2、土壤的物理性状影响高尔夫果岭的群落特征,特别是草坪的外观质量和根系生长。从各个坪床的草坪根系生长来看,75%-90%根量集中在0-50mm内,根系分布在地表30cm内,这与大多数研究者结论一致,沙基坪床的根量及根系分布都优于土壤坪床。
3、利用综合速率模型公式能很好的对高尔夫果岭的性能进行综合、定量和客观地评价和动态监视,并可以用作高尔夫果岭季节性管理规划的决策工具。
4、草炭常用于改良沙基坪床,其中半改良的沙基坪床(T3)能代替USGA推荐的全改良沙基坪床(T4)。四种坪床的CPI依次为:T3(0.89)>T4(0.71)>T2(0.68)>T1(0.56)。
Golf green is a relative week research field of turfgrass science in our country, which is crucial for the development and intercommunition of athletic sports. Rootzone physical properties have great effects on performance of sport turf. A good rootzone will produce a high quality of sport turf, and significantly save the cost of latter maintenance, which have the basic and long-term constraints to turf sward characteristics and turf playing quality. The experiment includes four treatments: soil-based rootzone(T1), pure sand rootzone(T2), partically amendes sand rootzone(T3), fully amended sand rootzone(T4). The plots were constructed within 2×3㎡.
The results showed that performance of sport turf could be objectively, quantitatively and comprehencively assessed by using an Integrated Rate Methodology(IRM) model through computing the Comprehensive Performance Index(CPI). The main results are as follows:
1. There were many factors effecting rootzone physical properties. Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and infiltration rate of new turf were not up to standards of USGA. With sand content increasing, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate and air-filled porosity increased. Compared to sand-base rootzone, total porosity and water-filled porosity of soil rootzone were more, and bulk denstity was less. pH of four rootzones were alkaline that is mainly caused by irrigation water.
2. Soil physical properties affected sward characteristics of sport turf, especially to performance and root growth of turf. The main percentage of root mass were 75%-90% in the 0-50mm depth, and root distribution was in the 30cm of surface, which agreed with the majority of researchers. Root mass and root distribution of sand-base rootzone were better than soil-based rootzone.
3. By , IRM could comprehencively, quantitatively and objectively assess, dynamic monitor and appear a decision-making tool in seasonal management of sport turf.
4. Peat offen was used to amend sand-base rootzone. T3 could be instead of T4 which was recommended by USGA. The CPI of four rootzones was: T3(0.89) > T4(0.71) > T2(0.68) > T1(0.56).
引文
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