基覆式滑坡中双排全长式与沉埋式抗滑桩受力规律研究
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摘要
双排全长式与沉埋式抗滑桩作为有效的抗滑结构在大型边(滑)坡加固治理中已经逐步得到应用,由于前、后排桩与滑坡土体之间的相互作用机理非常复杂,影响前、后桩受力的各种因素还不完全清楚,因此,双排沉埋式抗滑桩的设计和应用目前还处于探索阶段,尚未有成熟的理论和设计方法。本文采用有限元方法和室内大型模型试验对双排全长式与沉埋式抗滑桩受力特征进行了系统研究,分析了排间距、沉埋深度、桩土界面参数等因素对桩身受力和变形规律的影响。主要内容与结果如下：
1、在极限平衡理论的基础上,通过简化桩前抗力分布形式建立了双排抗滑桩的近似极限平衡算法。
2、总结了双排抗滑桩国内外研究现状及各种分析计算方法,并对极限平衡理论方法中桩前抗力分布形式进行简化,前排桩抗力按三角形分布,后排桩按矩形分布,完善了双排桩的极限平衡理论。
3、探讨不同滑面倾角下双排抗滑桩的合理排间距与桩截面高度h关系：当滑面倾角为15.2°时合理排间距为13h-17h之间；滑面倾角为17.6°时合理排间距为17h-23h;滑面倾角为20.6°时合理排间距为23h-27h之间,滑面倾角为24.0°时合理排间距为26h-30h之间；并总结合理排间距与倾角、滑体刚度、滑体厚度以及受荷段桩长的关系如H=3.92*p+24.8。进一步分析了滑面倾角和排间距的变化对桩身受力分布形式的影响。
4、通过对不同桩项沉埋深度的有限元模型的分析,总结了双排沉埋式抗滑桩的合理沉埋深度,建议其合理沉埋比例(?)0.2-0.3；随着沉埋深度的增加,后排桩滑坡推力和抗力分布形式变成矩形分布,前排桩滑坡推力和抗力分布形式基本不变。
5、在有限元模型中设置桩-土界面单元,通过界面单元参数的变化,分析桩-土之间摩擦对桩身受力规律的影响。研究表明：桩土之间的摩擦作用可以减少桩身滑坡推力,增大桩前坡体抗力,有助于减少桩身内力。
6、通过对双排全长式和沉埋式抗滑桩的综合对比分析,结果表明：采用双排沉埋式抗滑桩可以减少桩身受力,降低桩身内力,减少桩身的配筋和混凝土用量,是一种经济型、合理型抗滑结构,值得应用推广。
Double-row anti-slide piles which are tops exposed and embedded as an effective anti-slide structure have gradually been applied in sliding slope of strengthening and governance. Because the mechanism of the interaction between the soil and the pre-piles and post-piles is very complex, in addition,various factors affecting to the force of piles are not entirely clear, the design and application of double-row anti-slide piles with tops exposed and embedded are still studied, not yet mature theory and design. This paper systematily studise force characteristics of double-row anti-slide piles with tops exposed and embedded by finite element method and large-scale model test indoor, with analysing the row spacing, buried depth, pile-soil friction and other factors what impact on force and deformation of piles. The major content is followed:
(1) Auther establishes the approximate limits equilibrium of algorithms by simplifying the form of resistance distribution of double-row anti-slide piles on the base of the limit equilibrium theory.
(2) The recent status of double-row anti-slide piles and all kinds of analysis and calculation method are summed up.And auther simplifies the form of resistance distribution of double-row anti-slide piles:resistance of pre-piles distributes by triangle,and resistance of post-piles distributes by rectangle. In addition, limit equilibrium theory of the piles is Improved.
(3)The author studies the relationship between piles reasonable spacing and cross-section height H under different dip of slip surface:The reasonable row spacing is between 13h-17h when the dip of slip surface is 15.2°; between17h-23h when the dip of slip surface is 17.6°; between 23h-27h when the dip of slip surface is 20.6°; between 26h-30h when the dip of slip surface is 24.0°;and summarizes relationship between reasonable spacing and dip of slip surface, sliding body stiffness, sliding bearing section thickness and pile length as H= 3.92*ρ+24.8. Moreover, author analysises effect on distribution of the force of piles in changing the slip surface angle and pile spacing.
(4)Through analysis of finite element model of different pile peak buried depth, reasonable buried depth of double row anti-slide piles with embedded is concluded,the proportion of reasonable buriedζ= 0.2-0.3 is proposed.As the buried depth is increased, the form of distribution of pushing force of landslide and resistance of post-pile become rectangle distribution; pushing force of landslide and resistance of pre-piles distributes are basically invariant.
(5)A pile-soil interface unit cell is established in a finite element model; through changes of interface unit parameter, influences of friction between pile-soil on stress discipline of a pile body is analyzed. The study shows that friction between pile-soil can reduce pushing force of landslide on pile body, increase resisting force of slope in front of a pile, and contribute to reducing the bending moment of pile.
(6)Through comprehensive comparison and analysis of double-row anti-slide piles with tops exposed and embedded.The results show that adoption of double-row anti-slide piles with embedded can reduce stress of the pile body, lower the bending moment of pile, reduces reinforcing bars and concrete dosage of the pile body; the structure is an economical and reasonable anti-slide structure, and is worthy to be applied and promoted.
1、在极限平衡理论的基础上,通过简化桩前抗力分布形式建立了双排抗滑桩的近似极限平衡算法。
2、总结了双排抗滑桩国内外研究现状及各种分析计算方法,并对极限平衡理论方法中桩前抗力分布形式进行简化,前排桩抗力按三角形分布,后排桩按矩形分布,完善了双排桩的极限平衡理论。
3、探讨不同滑面倾角下双排抗滑桩的合理排间距与桩截面高度h关系：当滑面倾角为15.2°时合理排间距为13h-17h之间；滑面倾角为17.6°时合理排间距为17h-23h;滑面倾角为20.6°时合理排间距为23h-27h之间,滑面倾角为24.0°时合理排间距为26h-30h之间；并总结合理排间距与倾角、滑体刚度、滑体厚度以及受荷段桩长的关系如H=3.92*p+24.8。进一步分析了滑面倾角和排间距的变化对桩身受力分布形式的影响。
4、通过对不同桩项沉埋深度的有限元模型的分析,总结了双排沉埋式抗滑桩的合理沉埋深度,建议其合理沉埋比例(?)0.2-0.3；随着沉埋深度的增加,后排桩滑坡推力和抗力分布形式变成矩形分布,前排桩滑坡推力和抗力分布形式基本不变。
5、在有限元模型中设置桩-土界面单元,通过界面单元参数的变化,分析桩-土之间摩擦对桩身受力规律的影响。研究表明：桩土之间的摩擦作用可以减少桩身滑坡推力,增大桩前坡体抗力,有助于减少桩身内力。
6、通过对双排全长式和沉埋式抗滑桩的综合对比分析,结果表明：采用双排沉埋式抗滑桩可以减少桩身受力,降低桩身内力,减少桩身的配筋和混凝土用量,是一种经济型、合理型抗滑结构,值得应用推广。
Double-row anti-slide piles which are tops exposed and embedded as an effective anti-slide structure have gradually been applied in sliding slope of strengthening and governance. Because the mechanism of the interaction between the soil and the pre-piles and post-piles is very complex, in addition,various factors affecting to the force of piles are not entirely clear, the design and application of double-row anti-slide piles with tops exposed and embedded are still studied, not yet mature theory and design. This paper systematily studise force characteristics of double-row anti-slide piles with tops exposed and embedded by finite element method and large-scale model test indoor, with analysing the row spacing, buried depth, pile-soil friction and other factors what impact on force and deformation of piles. The major content is followed:
(1) Auther establishes the approximate limits equilibrium of algorithms by simplifying the form of resistance distribution of double-row anti-slide piles on the base of the limit equilibrium theory.
(2) The recent status of double-row anti-slide piles and all kinds of analysis and calculation method are summed up.And auther simplifies the form of resistance distribution of double-row anti-slide piles:resistance of pre-piles distributes by triangle,and resistance of post-piles distributes by rectangle. In addition, limit equilibrium theory of the piles is Improved.
(3)The author studies the relationship between piles reasonable spacing and cross-section height H under different dip of slip surface:The reasonable row spacing is between 13h-17h when the dip of slip surface is 15.2°; between17h-23h when the dip of slip surface is 17.6°; between 23h-27h when the dip of slip surface is 20.6°; between 26h-30h when the dip of slip surface is 24.0°;and summarizes relationship between reasonable spacing and dip of slip surface, sliding body stiffness, sliding bearing section thickness and pile length as H= 3.92*ρ+24.8. Moreover, author analysises effect on distribution of the force of piles in changing the slip surface angle and pile spacing.
(4)Through analysis of finite element model of different pile peak buried depth, reasonable buried depth of double row anti-slide piles with embedded is concluded,the proportion of reasonable buriedζ= 0.2-0.3 is proposed.As the buried depth is increased, the form of distribution of pushing force of landslide and resistance of post-pile become rectangle distribution; pushing force of landslide and resistance of pre-piles distributes are basically invariant.
(5)A pile-soil interface unit cell is established in a finite element model; through changes of interface unit parameter, influences of friction between pile-soil on stress discipline of a pile body is analyzed. The study shows that friction between pile-soil can reduce pushing force of landslide on pile body, increase resisting force of slope in front of a pile, and contribute to reducing the bending moment of pile.
(6)Through comprehensive comparison and analysis of double-row anti-slide piles with tops exposed and embedded.The results show that adoption of double-row anti-slide piles with embedded can reduce stress of the pile body, lower the bending moment of pile, reduces reinforcing bars and concrete dosage of the pile body; the structure is an economical and reasonable anti-slide structure, and is worthy to be applied and promoted.
引文
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[2]贺可强.大型堆积层滑坡的多层滑移规律分析[J].金属矿山,1998,(7):15-17.
[3]Matsui T,HongWP,ItoT.Earth pressure on piles in a row due to lateral soli movements[J].Soils And Foundations,1982,22 (2):71-81.
[4]Borws.B.B著,西南交通大学隧道及地下铁道专业情报组译.侧向受力桩的技术现状.抗滑桩译文选[M].成都：铁道部第二堪察设计院科研所,1977.
[5]DAYR.A.Net.pressure analysis of cantilever sheet pile walls[J].Geotechnique,1999,49 (2):231-245.
[6]Tomio Ito,Tamotsu Matsui,Won Pyo Hong.Design method for stabiling piles against land slide-one row of piles[J].Solis and Foundations,1981,21(1):21-37.
[7]S.Hassiotis,J.L Chameau,M.Gunaratne(1997).Design methods for stabilization of slopes with piles[J] Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,Vol.123,314-323.
[8]Bishop A. W.The use of the slip circle in the stability analysis of slopes[J]. Geotechnique,1955,5(1): 7-10.
[9]娄奕红,彭俊生.桩土相互作用的砂箱模型试验及计算分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2003,38(2):No.2.164-168.
[10]杨旌,胡岱文,张永涛.桩士共同作用机理的初步试验研究[J].地下空间,2004,24(3):346-347.
[11]铁道部第二勘测设计院科研所.抗滑桩模型试验第一阶段报告——桩前滑体抗力分布的研究[J].路基工程,1985,No.6.63-65.
[12]铁道部第二勘测设计院勘测处路基科抗滑桩专题组.抗滑桩模型试验第二阶段报告[J].路基工程,1986,No.1.29-30.
[13]黄文新.多排杭滑桩的计算方法与工程应用研究[D].西南交通大学硕士论文,2007:16-28.
[14]王旭,晏鄂川,吕美君.埋入式双排桩-土体系桩间内力分配的模拟[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(4):No.4：59-60.
[15]申永江,吕庆,尚岳全.桩排距对双排抗滑桩内力的影响[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(7):1033-1035.
[16]熊治文等.全埋式双排抗滑桩的受力分析[J].路基工程,2002,(3):5-10.
[17]邓夷明.双排抗滑桩抗滑机理研究[D].西南交通大学硕士论文,2008:29-39.
[18]刘鸿.双排抗滑桩计算方法的研究[D].西南交通大学硕士论文,2007:27-31.
[19]宋雅坤,郑颖人,雷文杰.沉埋式抗滑桩机制模型试验数值分析研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28:63-68.
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