有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠骨密度和骨生物力学指标的影响
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摘要
目的：
本研究在建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型的基础上,通过8周有氧运动训练,观察不同强度的有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠骨密度和骨生物力学性能的影响,为探讨有氧运动对糖尿病及其骨并发症的防治提供实验和理论依据。方法：
将52只8周龄健康雄性SD大鼠,随机分成正常对照组(10只)和2型糖尿病大鼠造模组(42只)。造模组大鼠在高糖、高脂、高能量标准饲料喂养4周后,予一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ) 30mg/kg,以建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。取30只造模成功的2型糖尿病大鼠,随机分成糖尿病对照组、小强度运动组和中强度运动组,每组10只。运动方案：各运动组大鼠进行为期8周的跑台训练,运动强度为：小强度运动组(12米／分)、中强度运动组(20米／分)。运动时间和频度为1小时／天,6天／周,每周休息1天。采用固体物理密度仪测定大鼠股骨的骨密度,骨生物力学指标测试采用材料力学测试仪,运用三点弯曲法进行测定。
结果：
1)2型糖尿病大鼠造模后血糖均值水平为28.09±6.48 mmol/L,造模成功率为95.24%。
2)有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠血糖水平的影响
与正常对照组相比,糖尿病对照组、小强度运动组、中强度运动组的血糖水平极显著升高(P<0.01)；与糖尿病对照组相比,小强度运动组、中强度运动组的血糖水平极显著降低(P<0.01)；糖尿病小、中强度运动组的血糖水平无显著性差异。
3)有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠骨密度的影响
与正常对照组相比,中强度运动组的股骨骨密度显著升高(p<0.05),糖尿病对照组、小强度运动组的股骨骨密度降低(p<0.05)；与糖尿病对照组相比,中强度运动组股骨骨密度显著升高(p<0.01)；与小强度运动组相比,中强度运动组股骨骨密度显著升高(p<0.01)；骨密度在糖尿病对照组和小强度运动组组间无明显差异。
4)有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠骨生物力学指标的影响
与正常对照组相比,糖尿病对照组的最大载荷、能量极显著降低(p<0.01),最大应力、模量无显著差异；小强度运动组的最大载荷显著降低(p<0.05),最大应力、能量显著升高(p<0.05),模量极显著升高(p<0.01)；中强度运动组的最大应力、模量显著升高(p<0.05),最大载荷、能量无显著差异。与糖尿病对照组相比,小强度运动的最大载荷、最大应力、模量显著升高(p<0.05),能量无显著差异；中强度运动组的最大载荷、能量极显著升高(p<0.01),最大应力显著升高(p<0.05),模量无显著差异。与小强度运动相比,中强度运动组的最大载荷、能量显著升高(p<0.05),最大应力和模量无显著差异。
结论：
1)有氧运动能显著降低高血糖,稳定血糖水平,以改善和调节糖代谢,是2型糖尿病适宜的运动方式。
2)糖尿病大鼠骨密度及骨生物力学性能低于正常,为骨质疏松症高危群体。
3)有氧运动对糖尿病大鼠骨密度及骨生物力学性能的影响与运动强度有关,适宜强度的有氧运动能改善糖尿病骨代谢,增加骨密度；能改善骨生物力学性能,促进骨生物力学性能的优化,对2型糖尿病的康复及其并发症的防治具有积极意义。
Objective
This study was based on the establishment of the type 2 diabetes rat model and by aerobic exercise plan in 8 weeks.The purpose was to study the effect of aerobic exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanical index in type 2 diabetes model rats, and to provide experimental and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications.
Methods
52 male SD rats of 8 months old were divided into normal control group(n=10) and type 2 diaberes model group(n=42)randomly.The rats of diabetes model group were feed by high fat, glucose and energy food in 4 weeks, then streptozotocin with a does of 30mg/kg weight was given by a bout of intraperitoneal injection for establishing type 2 diabetes model rats.30 successful type 2 diabetic model rats were randomly divided into diabetes control group, diabetes lower-intensity exercise group, and diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group. Exercise proposal:Exercise intensities were 12m/min and 20m/min in the lower and moderate exercise groups respectively. The total duration of exercise proposal was 8 weeks. Exercise time and frequency of the proposal were 60 minutes a day and 6 days each week. BMD were measured by using solid physic density instrument, bone biomechanical index was measured by using mechanics of materials instrument and three-point bending theory.
Results
1) The mean of blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes model rats was 28.09±6.48 mmol/L.Success rate of model rats was 95.24%.
2) Effect of aerobic exercise on blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes model rats.
Compared with normal control group,blood glucose level increased significantly in diabetes control, lower and moderate intensity exercise groups(P<0.01).Compared with diabetes control group,blood glucose level decreased significantly in lower and moderate intensity exercise groups(P<0.01).There was no difference between lower and moderate intensity exercise groups.
3) Effect of aerobic exercise on BMD in type 2 diabetes model rats.
Compared with normal control group,BMD in diabetes moderate exercise group was a significant increased, but in diabetes control and lower-intensity exercise group were significantly decreased respectively(p<0.05).Compared with the diabetes control group, BMD was a significant increased in diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group(p<0.01).Compared with the diabetes lower-intensity group, BMD was a significant increased in diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group(p<0.01).There was no significant difference on BMD between the diabetes control group and the diabetes lower-intensity exercise group.
4) Effect of aerobic exercise on bone biomechanical index in type 2 diabetes model rats.
Compared with normal control group, maximum load and energy in diabetes control group was a significant decreased(p<0.01), but there was no significant difference on maximum stress and module in diabetes control; maximum load in lower-intensity was a significant decreased(p<0.05),maximum stress and energy in lower-intensity was a significant increased (p<0.05) and module was a significant decreased(p<0.01); maximum stress and module in moderate-intensity exercise control was a significant increased(p<0.05),but there was no significant difference on maximum load and energy. Compared with the diabetes control group, maximum load,maximum stress and module was a significant increased in diabetes lower-intensity exercise group(p<0.05),but there was no significant difference on energy; maximum load and energy in diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group was a significant increased(p<0.01), maximum stress was a significant increased (p<0.05),module was no significant difference.Compared with the diabetes lower-intensity group, maximum load and energy was a significant increased in diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group(p<0.05); There was no significant difference on maximum stress and module.
Conclusions
1) Aerobic exercise can decrease high glucose signficantly, make it stability, regulate and improve glucose metabolism. Aerobic exercise was suitable exercise way for type 2 diabetes.
2) BMD and bone biomechanical function of the type 2 diabetic model rats was less than the normal rats, type 2 diabetes was a high-risk for osteoporosis.
3) The effects of aerobic exercise on bone mineral density and bone biomechanical index in type 2 diabetes model rats related to the exercise intensity. Suitable exercise intensity can improve bone metabolism, increase bone mineral density, improve better bone biomechanical function, and have benefit significance for the rehabilitation of type 2 diabetes and prevention and treatment its complications.
本研究在建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型的基础上,通过8周有氧运动训练,观察不同强度的有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠骨密度和骨生物力学性能的影响,为探讨有氧运动对糖尿病及其骨并发症的防治提供实验和理论依据。方法：
将52只8周龄健康雄性SD大鼠,随机分成正常对照组(10只)和2型糖尿病大鼠造模组(42只)。造模组大鼠在高糖、高脂、高能量标准饲料喂养4周后,予一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ) 30mg/kg,以建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。取30只造模成功的2型糖尿病大鼠,随机分成糖尿病对照组、小强度运动组和中强度运动组,每组10只。运动方案：各运动组大鼠进行为期8周的跑台训练,运动强度为：小强度运动组(12米／分)、中强度运动组(20米／分)。运动时间和频度为1小时／天,6天／周,每周休息1天。采用固体物理密度仪测定大鼠股骨的骨密度,骨生物力学指标测试采用材料力学测试仪,运用三点弯曲法进行测定。
结果：
1)2型糖尿病大鼠造模后血糖均值水平为28.09±6.48 mmol/L,造模成功率为95.24%。
2)有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠血糖水平的影响
与正常对照组相比,糖尿病对照组、小强度运动组、中强度运动组的血糖水平极显著升高(P<0.01)；与糖尿病对照组相比,小强度运动组、中强度运动组的血糖水平极显著降低(P<0.01)；糖尿病小、中强度运动组的血糖水平无显著性差异。
3)有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠骨密度的影响
与正常对照组相比,中强度运动组的股骨骨密度显著升高(p<0.05),糖尿病对照组、小强度运动组的股骨骨密度降低(p<0.05)；与糖尿病对照组相比,中强度运动组股骨骨密度显著升高(p<0.01)；与小强度运动组相比,中强度运动组股骨骨密度显著升高(p<0.01)；骨密度在糖尿病对照组和小强度运动组组间无明显差异。
4)有氧运动对2型糖尿病大鼠骨生物力学指标的影响
与正常对照组相比,糖尿病对照组的最大载荷、能量极显著降低(p<0.01),最大应力、模量无显著差异；小强度运动组的最大载荷显著降低(p<0.05),最大应力、能量显著升高(p<0.05),模量极显著升高(p<0.01)；中强度运动组的最大应力、模量显著升高(p<0.05),最大载荷、能量无显著差异。与糖尿病对照组相比,小强度运动的最大载荷、最大应力、模量显著升高(p<0.05),能量无显著差异；中强度运动组的最大载荷、能量极显著升高(p<0.01),最大应力显著升高(p<0.05),模量无显著差异。与小强度运动相比,中强度运动组的最大载荷、能量显著升高(p<0.05),最大应力和模量无显著差异。
结论：
1)有氧运动能显著降低高血糖,稳定血糖水平,以改善和调节糖代谢,是2型糖尿病适宜的运动方式。
2)糖尿病大鼠骨密度及骨生物力学性能低于正常,为骨质疏松症高危群体。
3)有氧运动对糖尿病大鼠骨密度及骨生物力学性能的影响与运动强度有关,适宜强度的有氧运动能改善糖尿病骨代谢,增加骨密度；能改善骨生物力学性能,促进骨生物力学性能的优化,对2型糖尿病的康复及其并发症的防治具有积极意义。
Objective
This study was based on the establishment of the type 2 diabetes rat model and by aerobic exercise plan in 8 weeks.The purpose was to study the effect of aerobic exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanical index in type 2 diabetes model rats, and to provide experimental and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications.
Methods
52 male SD rats of 8 months old were divided into normal control group(n=10) and type 2 diaberes model group(n=42)randomly.The rats of diabetes model group were feed by high fat, glucose and energy food in 4 weeks, then streptozotocin with a does of 30mg/kg weight was given by a bout of intraperitoneal injection for establishing type 2 diabetes model rats.30 successful type 2 diabetic model rats were randomly divided into diabetes control group, diabetes lower-intensity exercise group, and diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group. Exercise proposal:Exercise intensities were 12m/min and 20m/min in the lower and moderate exercise groups respectively. The total duration of exercise proposal was 8 weeks. Exercise time and frequency of the proposal were 60 minutes a day and 6 days each week. BMD were measured by using solid physic density instrument, bone biomechanical index was measured by using mechanics of materials instrument and three-point bending theory.
Results
1) The mean of blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes model rats was 28.09±6.48 mmol/L.Success rate of model rats was 95.24%.
2) Effect of aerobic exercise on blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes model rats.
Compared with normal control group,blood glucose level increased significantly in diabetes control, lower and moderate intensity exercise groups(P<0.01).Compared with diabetes control group,blood glucose level decreased significantly in lower and moderate intensity exercise groups(P<0.01).There was no difference between lower and moderate intensity exercise groups.
3) Effect of aerobic exercise on BMD in type 2 diabetes model rats.
Compared with normal control group,BMD in diabetes moderate exercise group was a significant increased, but in diabetes control and lower-intensity exercise group were significantly decreased respectively(p<0.05).Compared with the diabetes control group, BMD was a significant increased in diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group(p<0.01).Compared with the diabetes lower-intensity group, BMD was a significant increased in diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group(p<0.01).There was no significant difference on BMD between the diabetes control group and the diabetes lower-intensity exercise group.
4) Effect of aerobic exercise on bone biomechanical index in type 2 diabetes model rats.
Compared with normal control group, maximum load and energy in diabetes control group was a significant decreased(p<0.01), but there was no significant difference on maximum stress and module in diabetes control; maximum load in lower-intensity was a significant decreased(p<0.05),maximum stress and energy in lower-intensity was a significant increased (p<0.05) and module was a significant decreased(p<0.01); maximum stress and module in moderate-intensity exercise control was a significant increased(p<0.05),but there was no significant difference on maximum load and energy. Compared with the diabetes control group, maximum load,maximum stress and module was a significant increased in diabetes lower-intensity exercise group(p<0.05),but there was no significant difference on energy; maximum load and energy in diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group was a significant increased(p<0.01), maximum stress was a significant increased (p<0.05),module was no significant difference.Compared with the diabetes lower-intensity group, maximum load and energy was a significant increased in diabetes moderate-intensity exercise group(p<0.05); There was no significant difference on maximum stress and module.
Conclusions
1) Aerobic exercise can decrease high glucose signficantly, make it stability, regulate and improve glucose metabolism. Aerobic exercise was suitable exercise way for type 2 diabetes.
2) BMD and bone biomechanical function of the type 2 diabetic model rats was less than the normal rats, type 2 diabetes was a high-risk for osteoporosis.
3) The effects of aerobic exercise on bone mineral density and bone biomechanical index in type 2 diabetes model rats related to the exercise intensity. Suitable exercise intensity can improve bone metabolism, increase bone mineral density, improve better bone biomechanical function, and have benefit significance for the rehabilitation of type 2 diabetes and prevention and treatment its complications.
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