伊乐藻对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用研究
|
摘要
化感作用是水生植物与藻类竞争的重要手段。化学生态学的观点认为,化感作用仅存在于外来植物与本地物种之间。本论文以水鳖科的外来植物伊乐藻对本地分离的铜绿微囊藻的化感作用为研究对象,同时以苦草对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用为参照,采用在不同规模下共培养和植物种植水培养铜绿微囊藻的方法实验证明了伊乐藻对本地分离的铜绿微囊藻株系(FACHB905)有明显的抑制作用,而苦草则不具有明显的抑藻作用,并成功地从伊乐藻中分离得到几种甾酮类化感物质。对伊乐藻中化感物质分泌的量与其所处生长环境之间的关系作了定性说明,且对如何利用伊乐藻的化感现象应用于富营养化湖泊的治理与生态修复提出了建议。具体结论如下:
1.伊乐藻与铜绿微囊藻(FACHB905)的共培养实验表明,伊乐藻对铜绿微囊藻存在明显的抑制作用,对于8 L铜绿微囊藻溶液当起始浓度为105个/mL时,在10天的实验周期内对藻的抑制达到半数致死量时所需的伊乐藻为3g(鲜重);对于400 mL铜绿微囊藻溶液当起始浓度为105个/mL时,在10天的实验周期内对藻的抑制达到半数致死量时所需的伊乐藻为0.2g(鲜重),即伊乐藻对铜绿微囊藻的化感抑制作用在一定范围内可获得良好的重现;
2.不同营养和光强下培养的苦草其种植水对铜绿微囊藻的抑制实验表明:苦草与铜绿微囊藻(FACHB905)之间不存在明显的化感作用,这也符合Alastair(2003)关于化感作用仅存在于外来植物与本地物种之间的观点;
3.伊乐藻中的化感物质不是以挥发态的形式释放到环境中去的;
4.以柱层析、薄层层析、气相色谱质谱联用、液相色谱质谱联用、核磁共振等手段首次从伊乐藻体内成功分离并鉴定出化感物质豆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮(分子式为C29H46O2、分子量为426)及其同系物(分子式为C29H46O2、分子量为412)和豆甾-4,22-二烯-3-酮,4-甲基-(分子式为C30H49O、分子量为424)。其中豆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮为伊乐藻中主要的化感物质,在干粉中的含量约为4 ppm,以96孔板法作为活性检测方法时其活性效应在6.5mg/L时达到48%。
5.不同环境下培养的伊乐藻其种植水对铜绿微囊藻的抑制情况表明,伊乐藻分泌化感物质的量与其所处的生境有关,当其处于逆境中时,如受到光限制或者营养限制时分泌化感物质的量会增多。因而利用植物化感控制富营养化湖泊中藻类过渡繁殖时,要遵循先降低营养盐水平后利用植物化感的原则,即利用植物化感控藻是一个长期、缓慢的过程。
The release of allelochemicals was an important trait developed by macrophytes against planktonic algae. It was believed that allelopathy existed only between foreign plants and native life-forms from the chemical ecological point of view. The allelopathical effects of Eloeda nuttallii (Hydrocharitaceae), which was one of the typical foreign plants, on Mycrocystis aeruginosa (FACHB905),a local isolated species, were studied in this paper. In parallel, researches to identify the allelopathical effects of Vallisneria spiralis on M. aeruginosa were conducted. The experiments were performed in co-existing systems under different scale, together with cultivating M. aeruginosa in the liquor cultured with plants. The results showed that E. nuttallii could effectively inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa in laboratory, while V. spiralis did not have obvious allelopathical effect on M. aeruginosa. The allelochemicals stigmasta-4, 22-dien-3-one, 4-methyl-, stigmast-4-en-3, 6-dione and its homolog were separated, identified and quantified from E. nuttallii. The relationship between the amount of allelochemicals excreted from E. nuttallii and the right living environment was demonstrated qualitatively. Some comments on how to use the allelopathical effects of E. nuttallii to improve the environment quality were suggested in conclusion. The results were summarized as followed:
1. The co-existing test of E. nuttallii and M. aeruginosa (FACHB905) showed that E. nuttallii could effectively inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa. At the end of the 10-day period, the EC50 was 3.0 g (fresh weight) of E. nuttallii for 8 L M. aeruginosa liquor with the initial concentration of 105 cell / mL. As for 400 mL M. aeruginosa liquor, the EC50 was 0.2 g (fresh weight) of E. nuttallii. The results indicated that the allelopathical effect between E. nuttallii and (FACHB905) was repeatable in a certain range.
2. Under different nutrient levels and the luminous intensity, the liquor cultured with V. spiralis have no obvious allelopathical effects on M. aeruginosa. The result was consistent with the opinion of Alastair (2003) who proposed that allelopathy existed only between foreign plants and native life-forms.
3. The allelochemicals excreted to the surrounding water from E. nuttallii in non-volatile status.
4. Stigmast -4-en-3, 6-dione (molecular formula was C29H46O2, molecular weight was 426), its homolog (MF was C28H42O2, MW was 412) and stigmasta-4, 22-dien-3-one, 4-methyl- (MF was C30H49O, MW was 424) as allelochemicals from E. nuttallii were successfully separated and identified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for the first time. Stigmast -4-en-3, 6-dione was the main allelochemical extracted from E. nuttallii. The concentration could reach 4 ppm in dry powder. The inhibition rate was 48% with 96-well plate method.
5. Under different environmental conditions, inhibitory effects of the liquor cultured with E. nuttallii on M. aeruginosa indicated that the amount of allelochemicals excreted from E. nuttallii was regulated by the surroundings. Under stress, e.g. restricted light or limited nutrients, the allelochemicals excreted from E. nuttallii would increase in amount. Therefore, it is essential to decrease the eutrophic level first and foremost, then make use of phyto-allelopathy against excess reproduction of algae in eutrophic lakes. It would be a long-term and slow process to control algae by phyto-allelopathy.
1.伊乐藻与铜绿微囊藻(FACHB905)的共培养实验表明,伊乐藻对铜绿微囊藻存在明显的抑制作用,对于8 L铜绿微囊藻溶液当起始浓度为105个/mL时,在10天的实验周期内对藻的抑制达到半数致死量时所需的伊乐藻为3g(鲜重);对于400 mL铜绿微囊藻溶液当起始浓度为105个/mL时,在10天的实验周期内对藻的抑制达到半数致死量时所需的伊乐藻为0.2g(鲜重),即伊乐藻对铜绿微囊藻的化感抑制作用在一定范围内可获得良好的重现;
2.不同营养和光强下培养的苦草其种植水对铜绿微囊藻的抑制实验表明:苦草与铜绿微囊藻(FACHB905)之间不存在明显的化感作用,这也符合Alastair(2003)关于化感作用仅存在于外来植物与本地物种之间的观点;
3.伊乐藻中的化感物质不是以挥发态的形式释放到环境中去的;
4.以柱层析、薄层层析、气相色谱质谱联用、液相色谱质谱联用、核磁共振等手段首次从伊乐藻体内成功分离并鉴定出化感物质豆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮(分子式为C29H46O2、分子量为426)及其同系物(分子式为C29H46O2、分子量为412)和豆甾-4,22-二烯-3-酮,4-甲基-(分子式为C30H49O、分子量为424)。其中豆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮为伊乐藻中主要的化感物质,在干粉中的含量约为4 ppm,以96孔板法作为活性检测方法时其活性效应在6.5mg/L时达到48%。
5.不同环境下培养的伊乐藻其种植水对铜绿微囊藻的抑制情况表明,伊乐藻分泌化感物质的量与其所处的生境有关,当其处于逆境中时,如受到光限制或者营养限制时分泌化感物质的量会增多。因而利用植物化感控制富营养化湖泊中藻类过渡繁殖时,要遵循先降低营养盐水平后利用植物化感的原则,即利用植物化感控藻是一个长期、缓慢的过程。
The release of allelochemicals was an important trait developed by macrophytes against planktonic algae. It was believed that allelopathy existed only between foreign plants and native life-forms from the chemical ecological point of view. The allelopathical effects of Eloeda nuttallii (Hydrocharitaceae), which was one of the typical foreign plants, on Mycrocystis aeruginosa (FACHB905),a local isolated species, were studied in this paper. In parallel, researches to identify the allelopathical effects of Vallisneria spiralis on M. aeruginosa were conducted. The experiments were performed in co-existing systems under different scale, together with cultivating M. aeruginosa in the liquor cultured with plants. The results showed that E. nuttallii could effectively inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa in laboratory, while V. spiralis did not have obvious allelopathical effect on M. aeruginosa. The allelochemicals stigmasta-4, 22-dien-3-one, 4-methyl-, stigmast-4-en-3, 6-dione and its homolog were separated, identified and quantified from E. nuttallii. The relationship between the amount of allelochemicals excreted from E. nuttallii and the right living environment was demonstrated qualitatively. Some comments on how to use the allelopathical effects of E. nuttallii to improve the environment quality were suggested in conclusion. The results were summarized as followed:
1. The co-existing test of E. nuttallii and M. aeruginosa (FACHB905) showed that E. nuttallii could effectively inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa. At the end of the 10-day period, the EC50 was 3.0 g (fresh weight) of E. nuttallii for 8 L M. aeruginosa liquor with the initial concentration of 105 cell / mL. As for 400 mL M. aeruginosa liquor, the EC50 was 0.2 g (fresh weight) of E. nuttallii. The results indicated that the allelopathical effect between E. nuttallii and (FACHB905) was repeatable in a certain range.
2. Under different nutrient levels and the luminous intensity, the liquor cultured with V. spiralis have no obvious allelopathical effects on M. aeruginosa. The result was consistent with the opinion of Alastair (2003) who proposed that allelopathy existed only between foreign plants and native life-forms.
3. The allelochemicals excreted to the surrounding water from E. nuttallii in non-volatile status.
4. Stigmast -4-en-3, 6-dione (molecular formula was C29H46O2, molecular weight was 426), its homolog (MF was C28H42O2, MW was 412) and stigmasta-4, 22-dien-3-one, 4-methyl- (MF was C30H49O, MW was 424) as allelochemicals from E. nuttallii were successfully separated and identified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for the first time. Stigmast -4-en-3, 6-dione was the main allelochemical extracted from E. nuttallii. The concentration could reach 4 ppm in dry powder. The inhibition rate was 48% with 96-well plate method.
5. Under different environmental conditions, inhibitory effects of the liquor cultured with E. nuttallii on M. aeruginosa indicated that the amount of allelochemicals excreted from E. nuttallii was regulated by the surroundings. Under stress, e.g. restricted light or limited nutrients, the allelochemicals excreted from E. nuttallii would increase in amount. Therefore, it is essential to decrease the eutrophic level first and foremost, then make use of phyto-allelopathy against excess reproduction of algae in eutrophic lakes. It would be a long-term and slow process to control algae by phyto-allelopathy.
引文
宝月欣二,网西良治,营原久枚.1960.Study on the anatagonistic relation between phytoplankton and rooted aquatic plants.陆水学杂志,21:124-131.
曹萃禾. 1987. 四种生态类型的水生维管束植物净化能力的作用. 生态学杂志, 6(1) : 37～39.
陈德辉,刘永定,宋立荣. 2004. 篦齿眼子菜对栅藻和微囊藻的他感作用及其参数. 水生生物学报,28(2):163-168.
陈坚,顾林娣,章宗涉,陈卫华. 1994. 马来眼子菜抑制藻类生长及其抑制系数的计算,上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):69-73.
戴树桂, 赵凡,金朝辉,庄源益,袁有才. 1997. 香蒲植物提取物的抑藻作用及其分离鉴定. 环境化学, 16(3): 268-271.
韩丽梅,王树起,鞠会艳,阎飞,李国权,刘金萍,阎吉昌. 2000, 碗豆根部提取化感物质的鉴定研究.大豆科学,19(2): 119- 125.
何池全,叶居新. 1999. 石菖蒲(Acorus tatarinowii)克藻效应的研究. 生态学报,19(5):754-758.
胡洪营,门玉洁,李锋民. 2006. 植物化感作用抑制藻类生长的研究进展,生态环境,15(1): 153-157.
黄丽萍,谢平. 2002. 水草新品种伊乐藻.渔业致富指南, 16:19-20.
黄文成. 1994. 沉水植物在治理滇池草海污染中的作用. 植物资源与环境, 3 (4) : 29～33.
孔垂华. 1998. 植物化感作用研究中应注意的问题. 应用生态学报, 9: 332-336.
孔垂华,徐涛,胡飞,黄寿山. 2000. 环境胁迫下植物的化感作用及其诱导机制. 生态学报,20(5):849-854.
孔垂华,徐效华编著. 2003. 有机物的分离和结构鉴定. 北京: 化学工业出版社.
李文朝. 1997. 东太湖沉积物中氮的积累与水生植物的沉积. 中国环境科学, 17 (5) : 418～421.
李锋民,胡洪营. 2003. 大型水生植物浸出液对藻类的化感抑制作用.中国给水 排水, 12(11): 18-21.
李杨瑞.1993. 植物中的化感现象. 土壤, 25(5):248-251,259.
刘红,谢平,周洁,刘学军,唐汇娟.2003. 武汉东湖光合色素与叶绿素-a 代谢产物的 HPLC 研究.水生生物学报,27(1):1-6.
刘建康. 1999. 高级水生生物学. 北京:科学出版社.
刘秀芬. 1996 . 根际区他感化学物质的分离鉴定与生物活性的研究. 生态学报, 16 (1) :1-101
马瑞霞,刘秀芬,袁光林,孙思恩.1996.小麦根区微生物分解小麦残体产生的化感物质及其生物活性的研究.生态学报,16(6):632-639。
毛士龙,桑圣民,劳爱娜,陈仲良. 1999. 宝兴卫矛甾体成分研究.天然产物研究与开发,12(5): 14-16.
濮培民,王国祥,李正魁,胡春华,陈宝君,成小英,李波,张圣照,范云琦.2001.健
康水生态系统的退化及其修复——理论、技术及应用.湖泊科学,13(3):193-203。
沈耀良,王美敬,李 勇,张维佳,费忠民,罗 麟,黄 勇.2005.沉水植物修复受污水体净化效能的研究.苏州科技学院学报(工程技术版),18 (4): 1-4.
孙文浩,余叔文.1992.相生相克效应及其应用.植物生理学通讯,28(2):81-87。
孙文浩,俞子文,邰根福,余叔文. 1990. 凤眼莲无菌苗培养及其克藻效应. 植物生理学报,16(3): 301-305.
孙文浩,俞子文,郭克勤,余叔文. 1991. 凤眼莲克藻化合物的生物检测. 植物生理学通讯,27(6): 433-435.
孙文浩,俞子文,余叔文. 1988. 水葫芦对藻类的克制效应. 植物生理学报, 14(3): 294-300.
孙文浩,俞子文,余叔文.1989.城市富营养水域的生物治理和凤眼莲抑制藻类生长的机理.环境科学学报,9:188。
孙文浩,余叔文,杨善元,赵秉文,吴厚铭,黄胜余.1993.凤眼莲根系分泌物中的克藻化合物,植物生理学报,19(1):92-96。
宋碧玉. 1999. 利用人工围隔研究沉水植被恢复的生态效应. 生态学杂志, 18 (5) : 21～24.
宋福. 1997. 常见沉水植物对草海水体(含底泥)总氮去除速率的研究环境科学研究. 环境科学研究, 10 (4) : 47～50.
唐萍,吴国荣,陆长梅,顾龚平. 2000. 凤眼莲根系分泌物对栅藻结构及代谢的影响. 环境科学学报,20(3): 355-359.
唐萍,吴国荣,陆长梅,顾龚平,宰学明. 2001. 太湖水域几种高等水生植物的克藻效应. 农村生态环境,17(3): 42-47.
王大力,祝心如.1996.豚草的化感作用研究.生态学报,16(1):11-19。
王大力.1998.水稻化感作用研究综述.生态学报,18(3):326-334。
王立新,吴国荣,王建安,章浩,陆长梅,徐勤松.2004.黑藻(Hydrilla
verticillata)对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)抑制作用.湖泊科学,16(4):337-342。
鲜啟鸣,陈海东,邹惠仙,尹大强,龚惠娟,曲丽娟.2005. 四种沉水植物的克藻效应.湖泊科学,17(1):75—81.
徐涛,孔垂华,胡飞.1999. 胜红蓟化感作用研究Ⅲ-挥发油对不同营养水平下植物的化感作用.应用生态学报, 10(6):748-750.
阎飞,杨振明,邹永久.1998.大豆连作障碍中的生化互作作用.大豆科学,17(2):147-151。
颜素珠编著. 1983. 中国水生高等植物图说. 北京:科学出版社.
杨善元,俞子文,孙文浩,赵秉文,余叔文,吴厚铭,黄胜余,周惠强,马侃,劳霞飞. 1992. 凤眼莲根系中抑藻物质分离与鉴定. 植物生理学报,18(4): 399-402.
俞子文,孙文浩,郭克勤,余叔文.1992.几种高等水生植物的克藻效应.水生生物学报,16(1):1-7。
吴玉树. 1991. 根生沉水植物菹草对滇池水体的净化作用. 环境科学学报,11 (4) : 411～416.
袁俊峰,章宗涉.1993.金鱼藻对藻类的生化干预作用.生态学报,13:45-50。
朱建华. 2003. 高效液相色谱法测量海洋浮游植物色素浓度. 海洋技术, 22(1): 14-19.
庄源益,赵凡,戴树桂,金朝辉. 1995. 高等水生植物对藻类生长的克制效应. 环境科学进展,3(6): 44-49.
Alam S. M., Ala S. A., Azmi A. R. 1999. Influence of aqueous leaf extract of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) and NaCl on germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ). Pakistan J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(6): 372-373.
Alastair Fitter, 2003. Making allelopathy respectable, Science, 301: 1337- 1338. Aliotts G., Cafiero G., Fiorention A., Strumia S., 1993. Inhibition of radish germination and root growth by coumarin and phenylpropanoids. J. Chem. Eco. 19: 175- 183.
Alsaadawi I.S., Zwain K.H.Y. and Shahata H.A. 1998. Allelopathic inhibition of growth of rice by wheat residues. Allelopathy J. 5: 163– 170.
Anaya, A. L., 1999. Allelopathy as a tool in the management of biotic resources. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 18: 697—739.
Asaeda Takashi, Vu Kien Trung, Jagath Manatunge, Truong Van Bon, 2000.
Modelling macrophyte-nutrient-phytoplankton interactions in shallow eutrophic lakes and the evaluation of environmental impacts. Ecol. Engin., 16: 341-357.
Baghestani, A., C. Lenieux, G. D. Leroux, R. Baziramakenga, and R. R. Simard, 1999.
Determination of allelochemicals in spring cereal cultivars of different competitiveness. Weed Sci. 47:498—504.
Ball A S, Williams M, Vincent D, et al. 2001. Algal growth control by a barley straw extract. Bioresource Technology, 77: 177 -181.
Balls, H. B., Moss, B., Irvine, K., 1989. The loss of submerged plants with eutrophication I. Experimental design, water chemistry, aquatic plant and phytoplankton biomass in experiments carried out in ponds in the Norflok Broadland. Freshwat. Biol., 22: 71-87.
Bansal G. L., 1997. Allelopathy effect of buttercups on wheat varieties. Allelopathy J. 4(1): 139- 142.
Banumathy G., Xavjer A., 1990. Allelochemicals influence of Catharanthus roseus (L) G. D on growth and water potential of Zea mays L., Compar. Physio. Eco. 15(4): 165- 169.
Barkosky R., Einhellig F. A. 1993. Effects of salicylic acid on plant- water relationships. J. Chem. Eco., 19: 237- 247.
Barria, B. N., S. V. Copaja, and H. M. Niemeyer, 1992. Occurrence of DIBOA in wild Hordeum species and its relation to aphid resistance. Phytochemistry 31: 89—91.
Barnes, J. P., A. R. Putnam, and B. A. Burke, 1986. Allelopathic activity of rye (Secale cereale L.). In: A. R. Putnam, and C. S. Tang, eds. The Science of Allelopathy, pp. 271—286. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Barnes, J. P., A. R. Putnam, B. A. Burke, and A. J. Aasen, 1987. Isolation and characterization of allelochemicals in rye herbage. Phytochemistry 26: 1385—1390.
Bazzaz F A,Nona R C,Coley P D,et al. 1987. Allocating resources to reproduction and defense. Bioscience. 37:58~ 67.
Hui-Cong Wang, Xu-Ming Huang, Gui-Bing Hu, Zhuan-ying Yang, Hui-Bai Huang 2006. A comparative study of chlorophyll loss and its related mechanism during fruit maturation in the pericarp of fast- and slow-degreening litchi pericarp, Scientia Horticulturae, Artical in press.
H. P. Bais, R. Vepachedu, S. Gilroy, R. M. Callaway, J. M. Vivanco. 2003. Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion: from molecules and genes to species interactions. Science, 301: 1377- 1380.
Baziraakenga R., Leroux G. O., Simard R. R., 1995. Effects of benzoic and cinnamic acids on membrane permeability of soybean roots, J. Chem. Eco. 21(9):1271- 1285.
Booker F. L., Blum U., Fiscus E. L., 1992. Short term of ferulic acids on ion uptake and water relations on cucumber seedlings. J. Ex. Bot., 43(250): 649-655.
Blindow & Hootsmans, 1991. Allelopathic effects from Chara spp. On two species of unicellular green algae. In: Hootsmans MJM & JE Vermaat (eds), Macrophytes, A key to understanding changes caused by eutrophication in shallow freshwater ecosystems. IHE, Report Series, Delft, 21: 139-144.
Blum U., Gerig T.M. and Worsham A.D. 1992. Allelopathic activity in wheat-conventional and wheat-no-till soil: development of soil extract bioassays. J. Chem. Ecol. 18: 2191–2204.
Bouillant ML , et al . 1994. Identification of 5-(12-heptadecenyl)-resorci-nol in rice root exudates. Phytochemistry , 35 (3) : 769～7711
Brammer E. S., 1979. Exclusion of phytoplankton in the proximity of dominant water-soldier (Stratiotes aloides). Freshwat. Biol., 9: 233-249.
Brunner L., Luster J., Oche M., Davis J. B. 1996. Phytotoxic effects of the high molecular weight fraction of an aqueous leaf litter extract on barley root development. Plant and Soil, 178(1): 83- 93.
Bryant J P,Chapin F S Ⅲand Klein D R. 1983. Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory. Oikos. 40: 357~368.
Cambier, V., T. Hance, and E. de Hoffmann, 2000. Variation of DIMBOA and related compound content in relation to the age and plant organ in maize. Phytochemistry 53: 223—229.
Chapin F SⅢ , Arnold J B,Christopher B F,et al. 1987. Plant response to multiple environmental factors.Bioscience. 37: 49~77.
Chou, C. H., 1995. Allelopathy and sustainable agriculture. In: K. M. Inderjit, M. Dakshini, and F. A. Einhellig, eds. Processes and Applications. ACS symposium Series 582, pp. 211—223. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
Christine B., William A. J., Richard J. V., et al. 1992. Differential inhibition by ferulic acid of nitrate and ammonium uptake in Zea mays L., Plant Physio., 98: 639- 645.
Chung, M., D. Seigler, D. A. Miller, and S. H. Kyung, 2000. Autotoxic compounds from fresh alfalfa leaf extracts: identification and biological activity. J. Chem. Ecol. 26: 315—327.
Cole J. J., 1982. Interactions between bacteria and algae in aquatic ecosystems. Ann. Rev. Ecolog. Syst., 13: 291-314.
Coley P D,Brant J P and Chapin F SⅢ . 1985. Resource availability and plant antiherbivore defense. Science. 230: 895~899.
Cruz O. R., Anaya A. L., Hernandez-bautista B. E., Stedwen B. G. 1998. Effects of allelochemical stress produced by sicyosdeppei on seedling root ultrastructure of Phaseolous valgaris and cucubita ficifolia. J. Chem. Eco. 24(12): 2039-2057.
Cruz O. R., Anaya A. L., Ramos L., 1988. Effects of allelopathic compounds of corn pollen on respiration and cell division of watermelon. J. Chem. Eco. 14(1): 71-68.
Daniela Erhard, Elisabeth M. Gross, 2006. Allelopathic activity of Elodea canadensis and Elodea nuttallii against epiphytes and phytoplankton, Aquat. Bot. 85: 203-211.
Dayan F. E., Watson S . B., Galindo J. C. G. et. Al., 1999. Phytotoxicity of quassinoids: physiological responses and structural requirements. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 65(1): 15-24.
Della GM ,Fiorentino A , Isidori M. 2001. Antialgal furano-diterpenes from Potamogeton natans L. [J ] . Phytochemist ry ,58 : 299～304.
Doan N.T., Rickards R.W., Rothschild J.M. & Smith G.D. 2000. Allelopathic actions of the alkaloid 12-epi-hapalindole E isonitrile and calothrixin A from cyanobacteria of the genera Fischerella and Calothrix. Journal of Applied Phycology, 12: 409–416.
Dornbos, D. L., G. F. Spencer, and R. W. Miller, 1990. Medicarpin delays alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth. Crop Sci. 30: 162—166.
Droop M. R., 1966. Vitamin B12 and marine ecology Ⅲ. An experiment with a chemostat. J. Mar. boil. Ass. U. K. 46: 659-671.
Eberly W. R., 1967. Problems in the laboratory culture of planktonic blue-green algae. In: Environmental requirements of blue-green algae. Corvallis, Oregon: U. S. Department of the Interior. pp. 7-34.
Eberlein, C. V., M. J. Morra, M. J. Guttieri, P. D. Brown, and J. Brown, 1998, Glucosiolate production by five field-grown Brassica napus cultivars used as green manures. Weed Technol. 12: 712—718.
Edna Graneli, Niclas Johansson, 2003. Increase in the production of allelopathic substances by Prymnesium parvum cells grown under N- or P-deficient conditions. Harmful Algae, 2: 135-145.
Einhellig F. A., 1995. Mechanism of action of allelochemicals in allelopathy. Allelopthy, (1): 97-115.
Einhellig F. A., 1995b. Mechanism of action of allelochemicals in allelopathy. Acs Symp Ser., 582: 96- 116.
Einhellig F. A., 1996. Interactions involving allelopathy in cropping systems. Agronomy J. 88: 886-893.
Einhellig F. A., Eckrich P. C., 1984. Interactions of temperature and ferulic acid stress on grain sorghum and soubeans . J. Chem. Eco. 10: 161- 170.
Einhellig F. A., and I. F. Souza, 1992. Phytotoxicity of sorgoleone found in grain sorghum root exudates. J. Chem. Ecol. 18: 1—11.
El- abdaqutf. 1991. Allelopathic effects of ferulic, garlic, and vanillic acids on corn (Zea mays L.). Dissertation Abstracts International. B, Sciences and Engineering, 52(3): 1169B.
Elakovich SD ,Wooten JW. 1994. Allelopathic herbaceous vascular hydrophytes [ A ] . In : Dakshini KMM , eds. Allelopathy : Organisms , Processes ,and Applications [ C] . Washington DC:ACS Symposium Series ,582: 58～73.
Elisabeth M. Gross, Suutfeld R., 1994. Polyphenols with algicidal activity in the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spictum L. Acta Hortic. 381: 710-716.
Elisabeth M. Gross, H. Meyer & G. Schilling, 1996. Release and ecological impact of algicidal hydrolysable polyphenols in Myriophyllum spicatum. Phytochemistry, 41: 133-138.
Elisabeth M. Gross, et al. 2003. Allelopathic activity of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Najas marina ssp. Intermedia (Wolfgang) Casper. Hydrobiologia, 506-509: 583-589.
Elisabeth M. Gross, 1999. Allelopathy in benthic and littoral areas: Case studies in allelochemicals from benthic cyanobacteria and submersed macrophytes. In
Inderjit, K. M., M. Dkshini & C. L. Foy (eds). Principles and Practices in Plant Ecology: Allelochemical Interactions. CRC Press, LLC. Boca Raton: 179-199.
Elisabeth M. Gross, C. Feldbaum & Eniko Ivanyi, 2003. Allelopathic activity of
Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Najas Marina ssp. Intermedia (wolfgang) Casper. Hydrobiologia, 506-509: 583-589.
Elisabeth M. Gross, C. feldbaum & Eniko Ivanyi, 2003. Epiphyte biomass and elemental composition on submersed macrophytes in shallow eutrophic lakes. Hydrobiologia, 506-509: 559-565.
Elisabeth M. Gross, 2003. Allelopathy of aquatic autotrophs. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22(3-4):313-339.
Evans R. D., 1994. Empirical evidence of the importance of sediment resuspension in lakes. Hydrobiologia, 284: 5-12.
Everall N C, Less D R.. 1997. The identification and significance of chemical released from decomposing barley straw during reservoir algal control[J]. Wat. Res. 31(3): 614-620.
Farjalla V. F., Anesio A. M., Bertilsson S., Graneli W., 2001. Photochemical reactivity of aquatic macrophyte leachates: abiotic transformations and bacterial response. Aquat. Microbial Ecol. 24: 187-195.
Fay, P. K., and W. B. Duke, 1977. An assessment of allelopathic potential in Avena germplasm. Weed Sci. 25:224—228.
Fisher N. H., Williamson G. B., Weidenhamer J. D., et al. 1994. In research of allelopathy in Florida scrub: The role of terpenoids. J. Chem. Eco. 20: 1355- 1380.
Fitzgerald G. P., 1969. Some factors in the competition or antagonism among bacteria, algae and aquatic weeds. J. Phycol. 5: 351-359.
Forsberg C., S. Kleiven & T. Willen, 1990. Absence of allelopathic effects of Chara on phytoplankton in situ. Aquat. Bot. 38: 289-294.
Friebe A., Roth U., Kuck P., 1996. Effects of 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones on the activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Phytochemistry, 44(6): 979-983.
Friedman, J., and G. R. Waller, 1983, Caffeine hazards and their prevention in germinating seeds of coffee (Coffea arabica L.). J. Chem. Ecol. 9: 1099—1106.
Fujii, Y, 1999. Allelopathy of hairy vetch and Mucuna: their application for sustainable agriculture. In: C. H. Chou, G. R. Waller, and C. Reinhardt (eds),
Biodiversity and Allelopathy: From Organisms to Ecosystems in the Pacific, pp. 289—300. Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
G. Mulderij, E. Van Donk, JGM Roelofs. 2003. Differential sensitivity of green algae to allelopathic substances from Chara. Hydrobiologia, 491: 261-271.
G. Mulderij, W. M. Mooij, A. J. P. Smolders, E. Van Donk, 2005. Allelopathic inhibition of phytoplankton by exudates from Stratiotes aloides. Aqua. Bot. 82: 284-296.
Galindo JCG, Hernandez A, Dayan FE, et. Al., 1999. Dehydrozaluzanin, a natural sesquiterpenolide, causes rapid plasma membrane leakage. Phytochemistry, 52: 805-813.
Gaspar, E. M. M., M. Pereira, and H. J. Chaves das Neves, 1999. Potential allelopathic sterols and ketosteroids from wheat straw (Triticum aestivum). In: F. A. Macias, J. C. G. Galindo, J. M. G. Molinillo, and H. G. Cutler, eds. Recent Advances in Allelopathy, Vol. 1, pp. 69—80. Servicio De Publicaciones – Universidad de Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
Gattas Hallak A. M., Davide L. C., Souza L. F., 1999. Effects of sorghum (Sorhub biccier L. ) root exudates on the cell cycle of the bean plant (Phaselus vulgaris ). Gene. Mol. Bio. 22(1): 95-99.
Gershenzon J. 1984. Changes in the levels of plant secondary metabolites under water and nutrient stress .Recent Adv. Phytochem. 18: 273~320.
Gershenzon J. 1994, Metabolic costs of terpenoid accumulation in higher plants. J.Chem.Ecol. 20: 1281~1328.
Gleason F.K., Case D.E., Sipprell K.D. & Magnuson T.S. 1986. Effect of the natural algicide, cyanobacteria, on a herbicide-resistant mutant of Anacystis nidulans R2. Plant Science, 46: 5–10.
Gleason F.K. & Paulson J.L. 1984. Site of action of the natural algicide, cyanobacteria, in the blue-green alga, Synechococcus sp. Archives of Microbiology, 138: 273–277.
Gopal B, U Goel, 1993. Competition and allelopathy in aquatic plant communities. Bot. Rev. 59: 155-210.
Gorski, P. M., J. Miersch, and M. Ploszynski, 1991. Production and biological activity of saponins and canavanine in alfalfa seedlings. J. Chem. Ecol. 17: 1135—1143.
Gross E.M., Wolk C.P. & Jüttner F. 1991. Fischerellin, a new allelochemical from the freshwater cyanobacterium Fischerella muscicola. Journal of Phycology, 27: 686–692.
Gumbricht, T., 1993. Nutrient removal processes in freshwater submersed macrophyte systems. Ecol. Model, 2: 1-30.
Hagmann L. & Jüttner F. 1996. Fischerellin A, a novel photosystem-II-inhibiting allelochemical of the cyanobacterium Fischerella muscicola with antifungal and herbicidal activity. Tetrahedron Letters, 37: 6529–6542.
Hansenquartey J.A. Nyamapfene K., Materechera S. A. 1998. Effects of aqueous extracts from Artemisia afra development in selected plant species. South African J. Plant. Soi., 15(1): 1- 5.
Hanson, A. D., P. L. Traynor, K. M. Ditz, and D. A. Reicosky, 1981: Gramine in barley forage-effects of genotype and environment. Crop Sci. 21: 726—730.
Harper J. R., Balke N. E. 1981. Characterization of the inhibition of K+ absorption in oat roots by salicylic acid . Plant Physi., 68: 1349-1353.
Hasler A. D., & Jones E., 1949. Demonstration of the antagonistic action of large aquatic plants on algae and rotifers. Ecology 30: 359-495.
Hedin, P. A., and J. C. McCarty Jr, 1994. Effects of several commercial plant growth regulator formulations on yield and allelochemicals of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). J. Agric. Food Chem. 42: 1355—1357.
Hejl A. M., Einhelig F. A., Rasmussen J. A., Effects of juglone on growth, Photosynthesis and respiration. J Chem. Eco. 19(3): 559-568.
Herms D and Mattson W J. 1992. The dilemma of plants:To grow or to defend.Q. Rec.Biol. 67: 283~335.
Hicks S.K., Wendt C.W., Gannaway J.R. and Baker R.B. 1989. Allelopathic effects of wheat straw on cotton germination, emergence, and yield. Crop Sci. 29:1057–1061.
Hirata K., Yoshitomi S., Dwi S., Iwabe O.A.M., Polchai J. & Miyamoto K. 2003. Bioactivities of nostocine A produced by a freshwater cyanobacterium Nostoc spongiaeforme TISTR 8169. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 95: 512–517.
Ianora A., Poulet S.A. & Miralto A. 2003. The effects of diatoms on copepod reproduction: a review. Phycologia, 42: 351–363.
Inderjit, Dakshimi K. M. M., 1997. Allelopathic effect of cyanobacterial inoculum on soil characteristics and cereal growth. Can. J. Botany, 75: 1267-1272.
Inderjit and Dakshini K.M.M. 1998. Allelopathic interference of chickweed, Stellaria media, with seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Can. J. Bot. 76: 1317–1321.
J. William Louda*, Jie Li, Lei Liu, M. Nancy Winfree and Earl W. Baker 1998.
Chlorophyll-a degradation during cellular senescence and death Org. Geochem. Vol. 29, No. 5~7, pp. 1233~1251.
Jasser I., 1995. The influence of macrophytes on a phytoplankton community in experimental conditions. Hydrobiologia, 306: 21-32.
Jeppesen E., J. P. Jensen, P. Keistensen, M. Sondergaard, E. Mortensen, O. Sortkjaer, K. Olrik., 1990. Fish manipulation as a lake restoration tool in shallow, eutrophic, temperate lake 2: threshold levels, long-term stability and conclusions. Hydrobiologia, 200/201: 219-228.
Jessop R.S. and Stewart L.W. 1983. Effect of crop residues, soil type and temperature on emergence and early growth of wheat. Plant Soil 74: 101–109.
Johanna Berger & Michael Schagerl. 2003. Allelopathic activity of Chara aspera. Hydrobiologia, 501: 109-115.
Josep P., Joan L., 1997. Effects of carbon dioxide, water supply, and seasonally on terpene content and emission by Rosmarinus officinalis. J. Chem. Ecol. 23: 979-993.
Josephine Leflaive and Loic Ten-hage, 2007. Algal and cyanobacterial secondary metabolites in freshwaters: a comparison of allelopathic compounds and toxins, Freshwater Bio. 52: 199-214.
Jukka Horppila, Leena Nurminen., 2003. Effects of carbon dioxide, water supply, and seasonally on sediment resuspension and internal phosphorus loading in lake Hiidenvesi (southern Finlan). Wat. Res., 37: 4468-4474.
Jüttner F. 2001. Liberation of 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acid from lipids as a grazer defense reaction in epilithic diatom biofilm. Journal of Phycology, 37: 744–755.
Kato-noguchi H., 1999. Effect of light irradiation on allelopathic potential of germinating maize. Phytochemisty, 52(6): 1023-1027.
Khatib E. and Hgazy J.K. 1999. Growth and physiology response of wild oats to the allelopathic potential of wheat. Acta Agron. Hung. 47: 11–18.
Kimber R.W.L. 1966. Phytotoxicity from plant residues I. The influence of rotted wheat straw on seedling growth. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 18: 361– 374.
Kimber R.W.L. 1973. Phytotoxicity from plant residues II. The relative effect of toxins and nitrogen immobilization on the germination and growth of wheat. Plant Soil 38: 347–361.
Kittakoop, P., Wanasith, S., Watts, P., Kramyu, J., Tanticharoen, M., Thebtaranonth, Y., 2001. Potent antiviral potamogetonyde and potamogetonol, new furanoid labdane diterpenes from Potamogeton malaianus. J. Nat. Prod. 64: 385–388.
Klein K and Blum U. 1991. Effects of soil nitrogen level on ferulic acid inhibition of cucumber leaf expansion.J. Chem. Ecol. 16: 1371~1383.
Kogan S. I. & Chinnova G. A., 1972. On the relations between Ceratophyllum demersus L. and some blue-green algae. Giorobiol. Zh. 8: 21-27.
Kogan S. I., Chinnova G. A., Kravchenko M. E., 1978. Effect of macrophytes on certain algae in joint cultivation. IZV AKAD NAUK TURRM SSR SER BIOL NAUK, 3: 3-8.
Kupidlowska E., Kowalee M., Sulkowski G., 1994. The effect of coumarins on root elongation and ultrastructure of meristematic cell protoplast. Annals of Bot., 73(5): 525- 530.
Lau S. S. S., Lane S. N., 2002. Nutrient and grazing factors in relation to phytoplankton level in an eutrophic shallow lake: the effect of low macrophyte abundance. Wat. Res., 36: 3593-3601.
Lerdau M Litvak M,and Monson R. 1994. Plant chemical defense:Monoterpenes and the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis. Trends Ecol. Evol., 9: 58~61.
Les D. H., Sheridan D. J., 1990. Biochemical heterophylly and flavonoid evolution in North American Potamogeton (Potamogetonaceae). Am. J. Bot., 77: 453-465.
Li F M, Hu H Y. 2005. Allelopathic effects of different macrophytes on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa. Allelopathy Journal, 15(1): 145-152.
Li X.J., Li B.H. and Lu D.Z. 2000. [A preliminary study on allelopathic effect of wheat plant extracts on Digitaria ciliaris (L.) Scop.] Weed Sci. 3: 4–6 (in Chinese).
Li S.L., You Z.G., Li S.R. and Zhang L. 1996. [Allelopathy of wheat extraction to the growth of two weeds.] Chin. J. Biol. Cont. 12: 168– 170 (in Chinese).
Liu, D. L., and J. V. Lovett, 1993: Biologically active secondary metabolites of barley. I. Developing techniques and assessing allelopathy in barley. J. Chem. Ecol. 19: 2217—2230.
Luis Almela, José A, Fernández-lópez, María J. Roca. 2000. High-performance liquid chromatographic screening of chlorophyll derivatives produced during fruit storage, Journal of Chromatography A, 870 : 483-489.
Luu K. T., Matches A. G., Peters E. J., 1982. Allelopathy effects of tall fascue on birdsfoot trefoil as influenced by N fertilization and seasonal change. Agronomy J. 74: 805- 808.
Ma Y.Q. and Han Q.H. 1993. [A study on the variation of allelopathic effects of wheat straw mulching on different corn varieties.] Eco-Agric Res. 1: 65–69 (in Chinese).
Macias, F. A., R. M. Varela, A. Torres, and J. M. G. Molinillo, 1993: Potential allelopathic guaianolides from cultivar sunflower leaves, var. SH-222. Phytochemistry 34, 669—674.
Macias, F. A., A. Torres, J. M. G. Molinillo, R. M. Varela, and D. Castellano, 1996: Potential allelopathic sesquiterpene lactones from sunflower leaves. Phytochemistry 43, 1205—1215.
Macias, F. A., J. M. G. Molinillo, A. Torres, R. M. Varela, and D. Castellano, 1997. Bioactive flavonoids from Helianthus annuus cultivars. Phytochemistry 45: 683—697.
Mann J. 曹日强译. 1983. 次生代谢作用.北京:科学出版社, 283~309.
Maria Olofsdotter and Azim U. Mallik, 2001. Allelopathy symposium, Agron. J. 93: 1-2.
Marina DellaGreca, Maria Ferrara, Antonio fiorentino, Pietro Monaco & Lucio Previtera, 1998. Antialgal Compounds from Zantedeschia Aethiopica. Phytochemistry, 19(5): 1299-1304.
Marina DellaGreca, Fiorentino Antonio, Isidori Marina, Monaco Pietro, Zarrelli Armando, 2000. Antialgal ent-labdane diterpenes from Ruppia maritime. Phytochemistry. 55: 909-913.
Marina DellaGreca, Antomio Fiorentino, Marina Isidori, Pietro Monaco, Fabio Temussi, Armando Zarrelli. 2003. New dimeric phenanthrenoids from the rhizomes of Juncus acutus, structure determination and antialgal activity. Tetrahedron, 59: 2317-2324.
Marina Della Greca, Pietro Monaco, Lucio Previtera. 1990. Stigmaterols from Typhy latifolia, J. Nat. Prod., 53(6): 1430 -1435.
Marten Scheffer, 1999. The effect of aquatic vegetation on turbidity: how important are the filter feeders? Hydrobiologia, 408/409: 307-316.
Mcclure P. R., Gross H. D., Jackson W. A., 1978. Phosphate absorption by soybean verities: the influence of perulic acid. Canadian J. Bot. 56: 764- 767.
Merlo L., Ghisi R., Rascio N. 1991. Effects of humic substances on carbohydrate metabolism of maize leaves. Can. J. Plant Sci. 71(2): 419-425.
Miller, R. W., R. Kleiman, G. Powell, and A. R. Putnam, 1988, Germination and growth inhibitors of alfalfa. J. Nat. Prod. 51: 328—330.
Miller, D. A., 1996. Allelopathy in forage crop systems. Agron. J. 88: 854—859.
Miralto A., Barone G., Romano G. et al. 1999. The insidious effect of diatoms on copepod reproduction. Nature, 402: 173–176.
Moyer J.R., Blackshaw R.E. and Smith E.G. 2000. Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence. Can. J. Plant Sci. 80: 441–449.
Muller C. H., Muller W. H., Haines B. L., 1964. Volatile growth inhibitors produced by aromatic shrubs. Science, 143: 471-473.
Mwaja, V. Y., J. B. Masiunas, and L. A. Weston, 1995. Effects of fertility on biomass, phytotoxicity and allelochemical content of cereal rye. J. Chem. Ecol. 21: 81—94.
Nazmul Qais, Mushfiqur Rahman Mandal, Mohammad Abdur Rashid, Abdul Jabbar, Hiroyuki Koshino, Kazuo Nagasawa, Tadashi Nakata, A furanoid labdane diterpene from Potamogeton nodosus. J. Nat. Prod. 1998, 61: 156-157.
Olofsdotter M , et al . 1995 . Allelopathic potential in rice ( Oryza sativa L. ) germpasm . Ann Appl Biol , 127 :543～5601
Netzley, D. H., and L. G. Butler, 1986. Roots of sorghum exudates hydrophobic droplets containing biologically active components. Crop Sci. 26: 776—778.
Oleszek, W., and M. Jurzysta, 1987, An allelopathic potential of alfalfa root medicagenic acid glycosides and their fate in soil environment. Plant Soil. 98: 67—80.
Ostrofsky M. L., Zettler E. R., 1986. Chemical defenses in aquatic plants. J. Ecol., 74: 279-287.
Padhy B. Patnaik P. K. Tripathy A. K. 2000. Allelopathic potential of eucalyptus leaflitter leachates on germination and seedling growth of fingermillet. Allelopathy J., 7(1): 69-78.
Pare P W, Tumlinson J H. 1997. Induced synthesis of plant volatiles.Natrue.385: 30~31.
Williamson G B,Elizabeth M O and Jeffrey D W. 1992. Inhibition of Poaceae by the allelochemical hydrocinnamic acid. J.Chem.Ecol. 18: 2095~2105.
Patterson D. T., 1981. Effects of allelopathic chemicals on growth and physiological response of soybean (Glycine max), Weed Sci., 29(1): 53-58.
Patrice Waridel, Jean-Luc Wolfender, Jean-Bernard Lachavanne & Kurt Hostettmann, 2003. ent-Labdane diterpenes from the aquatic plant Potamogeton pectinatus. Phytochemistry, 64: 1309-1317.
Patrice Waridel, Jean-Luc Wolfender, Jean-Bernard Lachavanne & Kurt Hostettmann, 2004a. ent-labdane glycosides from the aquatic plant Potamogeton Lucens and analytical evaluation of the lipophilic extract constituents of various Potamogeton species. Phytochemistry 65: 945-954.
Patrice Waridel, Jean-Luc Wolfender, Jean-Bernard Lachavanne & Kurt Hostettmann, 2004b. Identification of the polar constituents of Potamogeton species by HPLC-UV with post-column derivatization, HPLC-MSn and HPLC-NMR, and isolation of a new ent-labdane diglycoside. Phytochemistry, 65: 2401-2410.
Perez, F. J., 1990. Allelopathic effects of hydroxamic acids from cereals on Avena sativa and A. fatua. Phytochemistry 29: 773—776.
Poeppe D. E. 1972. Some reactions of isolated corn mitochondria influenced by juglone. Physiol. Plant, 27: 89-94.
Prasat Kittakoop, Supakit Wanasith, Patricia Watts, Jarin Kramyu, Morakot Tanticharoen, Yodhathai Thebtaranonth, 2001. Potent antiviral Potamogetonyde and Potamogetonol, new furanoid labdane diterpenes from Potamogeton malaianus. J. Nat. Prod. 64: 385-388.
Proctor, V. W., 1957. Some controlling factors in the distribution of Haematococcus pluvialis. Ecology, 38: 457-462.
Qasem J. R., Abu- irmaileh B. E., 1985. Allelopathic effect of Salvia syriaca L. (Syrian sage) in wheat. Weed Res., 25: 47- 52.
Qais, N., Mandal, M.R., Rashid, M.A., Jabbar, A., Koshino, H., Nagasawa, K., Nakata, T., 1998. A furanoid labdane diterpene from Potamogeton nodosus. J. Nat. Prod. 61: 156–157.
Qiming, Xian, Haidong Chen, Huixian Zou and Daqiang Yin, 2006. Allelopathic activity of volatile substance from submerged macrophytes on Microcystin aeruginosa, Act. Eco. Sin., 26(11): 3549- 3554.
Reigosa M. J., Sanchez-Moreiras A., Gonzalez L., 1999. Ecophysiological approach in allelopathy. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 18: 577-608.
Rice E. I., 1964. Inhibition of nitrogen fixing and nitrifying bacteria by seed plants. I. Ecology, 45: 824-837.
Rice E. I., 1968. Inhibition of nodulation of inoculated legumes by pioneer plant species from abandoned fields. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 95: 346-358.
Rice E. I., 1974. Allelopathy. New York: Academic Press.
Rice E. I., 1984. Allelopathy (2nd ed.). London: Academic Press.
Sabine Koorner, Andreas Nicklisch, 2002. Allelopathic growth inhibition of selected phytoplankton species by submerged macrophytes. J. Phycol., 38: 862-871.
Sadhu MK, et al . 1997 . Root exudates of rice seeding Nishi . J. Chem. Ecol. , 23: 828～8351
Sanna Suikkanen, Giovana O fistarol, Edna Graneli, 2004. Allelopathic effects of the Baltic cyanobacteria Nodularia spumigena, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Anabaena lemmermannii on algal monoculruew. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 308: 85-101.
Satoshi Nakai, Masaaki Hosomi, Mitumasa Okada, Akihiko Murakami, 1996. Control of algal growth by macrophytes and macrophyte-extracted bioactive compounds. Wat. Sci. Tech, 34(7-8): 227-235.
Satoshi Nakai, Yutaka Inoue, Masaaki Hosomi and Akihiko Murakami, 1999. Growth inhibition of blue-green algae by allelopathic effects of macrophytes. Wat. Sci. Tec. 39(8): 47-53.
Satoshi Nakai, Yutaka Inoue, Masaaki Hosomi and Akihiko Murakami. 2000. Myriophyllum spicatum-released allelopathic polyphenols inhibiting growth of blue-green algae Microcystis aeruginosa. Wat. Res., 34(11): 3026-3032.
Schmidt L. E., Hansen P. J., 2001. Allelopathy in the premnesiophyte Chrysochromulina polylepis: effect of cell concentration, growth phase and pH. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 216: 67-81.
Shama N. K., Samrma J. S., Singh H. P., 2000. Effect of aqueous extracts of populous deltoids M. on germination and seedling growth ⅠWheat. Allelopathy J, 7(1): 56- 68.
Sharma K. P., 1985. Allelopathic influence of algae on the growth of Eichihornia crassipes Solms. Aquat. Bot. 22: 71-78.
Shibu J., Andrew R. G., 1998. Allelopathy in black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) alley cropping. Ⅱ. Effects of juglone on hydroponically grown corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Mer.) growth and physiology. Plant and soil, 203: 199-205.
Simons J. & E. Nat, 1996. Past and present distribution of stoneworts (Characeae) in the Netherlands. Hydrobiologia, 340: 127-135.
Singh, H. P., D. R. Batish, and R. K. Kohli, 2001. Allelopathy in agroecosystem: an overview. J. Crop Prod. 4: 1—42.
Smith Jr., C.R., Madrigal, R.V., Weisleder, D., Kolajczak, K.L., 1976. Potamogetonin, a new furanoid diterpene. Structural assignment by carbon-13 and proton magnetic resonance. J. Org. Chem. 41: 593– 596
Sondergaard M., Kristensen P., Jeppesen E., 1992. Phosphorus release from resuspended sediment in the shallow lake. Hydrobiologia, 228: 91-98.
Srivastava Alaka, Juttner Friedrich, Reto J. Strasser, 1998. Action of the allelochemical, fischerenllin A, on photosystem Ⅱ. Biochimica et biophysica Acta (BBA), 1364(3): 326-336.
Steinsiek J.W., Oliver L.R. and Collins F.C. 1982. Allelopathic potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw on selected weed species. Weed Sci. 30: 495–497.
Stout M J,Raymond A B and Sean S D. 1998. Effects of nitrogen availability on expression of constitutive and inducible chemical defenses in tomato. J. Chem. Ecol. 24: 945~963.
Suzuki, T., H. Ashihara, and G. R. Waller, 1992. Purine and purine alkaloid metabolism in Camellia and Coffea plants. Phytochemistry 31: 2575—2584.
Tadashi Kunieda, Toyoki Amano, Yuzo Shioi, 2005. Search for chlorophyll degradation enzyme, Mg-dechelatase, from extracts of Chenopodium album with native and artificial substrates, Plant Science, 169: 177–183.
Tang C. S., Cai W. F., Kohl K., 1995. Plant stess and allelopathy. A CS. Symp. Ser. 582: 142-147.
Tamura, S., C. Chang, A. Suzuki, and S. Kumai, 1967. Isolation and structure of a novel isoflavonoid derivative in red clover. Agric. Biol. Chem. 31: 1108—1109.
Tamura, S., C. Chang, A. Suzuki, and S. Kumai, 1969. Chemical studies on _clover sickness_. Part I. Isolation and structural elucidation of two new isoflavonoids in red clover. Agric. Biol. Chem. 33: 391—397.
Tillmann U., John U., 2002. Toxic effects of Alexandrium spp. on heterotrophic dinoflagellates: an allelochemical defense mechanism independent of PSP-toxin content. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 230: 47-58.
Tipton, C. L., J. A. Klun, R. R. Husted, and M. D. Pierson, 1967. Cyclic hydroxamic acids and related Crop Allelopathy in Agriculture compounds from maize. Isolation and characterization. Biochemistry 9: 2866—2870.
Tiziana Cangiano, Marina DellaGreca, Antonio Fiorentino, Marina Isidori, Pietro Monaco & Armando Zarrelli. 2001. Lactone diterpenes from the aquatic plant Potamogeton natans. Phytochemistry 56: 469-473.
Tiziana Cangiano, Marina DellaGreca, Antonio Fiorentino, Marina Isidori, Pietro Monaco & Armando Zarrelli. 2002. Effect of ent-labdane diterpenes from Potamogetonaceae on Selenastrum capricornutum and other aquatic organisms. J. Chem. Ecol. 28: 1091-1102.
Todorova A. & Jüttner F. 1996 Ecotoxicological analysis of nostocyclamide, a modified cyclic hexapeptide from Nostoc. Phycologia, 35: 183–188.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1989. “Algal (selenasrum capricornutum) Growth Test,” in: Short-Term methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms. Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, pp. 147-174.
Van Donk E, WJ Van de Bund, 2002. Impact of submerged macrophytes including charophytes on phyto- and zooplankton communities: allelopathy versus other mechanisms. Aquat. Bot. 72: 261-274.
Van Vierssen W, Prins Th. C. 1985. On the relationship between the growth of algae and aquatic macrophytes in brackish water. Aquat. Bot., 21: 165-179.
Vaughn, S. F., 1999, Glucosinolates as natural pesticides, In: H. G. Cutler, and S. J. Cutler, eds. Biologically Active Natural Products. pp. 81—92. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Vaughn, S. F., and R. A. Boydston, 1997. Volatile allelochemicals released by crucifer green manures. J. Chem. Ecol. 23: 2107—2116.
Vaughan D., ORD B., 1990. Influence of phenoic acids on morphological changes in roots of Pisum sativum. J. Sci. Food. Agri. 52(3): 289- 299.
Vaughan D., Ord B. G., 1991. Extraction of potential allelochemicals and their effects on root morphology and nutrient contents. In plant root growth: an ecological perspective. Oxford . UK. Blackwell Scientific publications, 399-421.
Von Aller R. T., G. F. Pessoney, V. A. Rogers, E. J. Watkins, & H. G. Leggett, 1985. Oxygenated fatty acids: a class of allelochemicals from aquatic plants. In: The Chemistry of Allelopathy Biochemical Interactions Among Plants. A. C. Thompson, ed. American Chemical Society. pp.387-400.
Waller, G. R., M. Jurzysta, and R. I. Z. Thorne, 1993. Allelopathic activity of root saponins from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on weeds and wheat. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 34: 1-11.
Wareing P F and Phillips I D J. 1981. Growth and different in plants. 3rd ed.Oxford :Pergamon Press, 481-499.
Willianmson G. B., Obee E. M., Weisenhamer J. D., 1992. Inhibition of Schizachyrium scoparim by the allelochemical hydrocinnamic acid . J. Chem. Eco. 18: 2095-2105.
Wium-Andersen S., U. Anthoni & G. Houen, 1983. Elemental sulphur, a possible allelopathic compound from Ceratophyllum demersum. Phytochemistry 22: 2613-2621.
Wu H., Pratley J., Lemerle G. and Haig T. 2000. Laboratory screening for allelopathic potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum) accessions against annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum). Aust. J. Agric. Res. 51: 259–266.
Xuan, T. D., S. Tawata, T. D. Khanh, and I. M. Chung, 2005. Biological control of weeds and plant pathogens in paddy fields by exploiting plant allelopathy: an overview. Crop Prot. 24: 197—206.
Yamada, K., T. Anai, and K. Hasegawa, 1995. Lepidimoide, and allelopathic substance in the exudates from germinating seeds. Phytochemistry 39: 1031—1032.
Yongqing MA,2005. Allelopathic studies of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.),Weed Biology and Management 5: 93–104.
Zhang B. Ch., Bai X. F., Gu L. H., 1989. Study on allelopathy and natural degradation phenomena of artificial grassland in alpine meadow. Act. Eco. Sin., 9(2): 115- 119 (in Chinese)
Zwain K.H.Y., Alsaadawi I.S. and Shahata H.A. 1999. Effect of decomposing wheat residues on growth and biological nitrogen fixation of blue green age. Allelopathy J. 6: 13–20.
曹萃禾. 1987. 四种生态类型的水生维管束植物净化能力的作用. 生态学杂志, 6(1) : 37～39.
陈德辉,刘永定,宋立荣. 2004. 篦齿眼子菜对栅藻和微囊藻的他感作用及其参数. 水生生物学报,28(2):163-168.
陈坚,顾林娣,章宗涉,陈卫华. 1994. 马来眼子菜抑制藻类生长及其抑制系数的计算,上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):69-73.
戴树桂, 赵凡,金朝辉,庄源益,袁有才. 1997. 香蒲植物提取物的抑藻作用及其分离鉴定. 环境化学, 16(3): 268-271.
韩丽梅,王树起,鞠会艳,阎飞,李国权,刘金萍,阎吉昌. 2000, 碗豆根部提取化感物质的鉴定研究.大豆科学,19(2): 119- 125.
何池全,叶居新. 1999. 石菖蒲(Acorus tatarinowii)克藻效应的研究. 生态学报,19(5):754-758.
胡洪营,门玉洁,李锋民. 2006. 植物化感作用抑制藻类生长的研究进展,生态环境,15(1): 153-157.
黄丽萍,谢平. 2002. 水草新品种伊乐藻.渔业致富指南, 16:19-20.
黄文成. 1994. 沉水植物在治理滇池草海污染中的作用. 植物资源与环境, 3 (4) : 29～33.
孔垂华. 1998. 植物化感作用研究中应注意的问题. 应用生态学报, 9: 332-336.
孔垂华,徐涛,胡飞,黄寿山. 2000. 环境胁迫下植物的化感作用及其诱导机制. 生态学报,20(5):849-854.
孔垂华,徐效华编著. 2003. 有机物的分离和结构鉴定. 北京: 化学工业出版社.
李文朝. 1997. 东太湖沉积物中氮的积累与水生植物的沉积. 中国环境科学, 17 (5) : 418～421.
李锋民,胡洪营. 2003. 大型水生植物浸出液对藻类的化感抑制作用.中国给水 排水, 12(11): 18-21.
李杨瑞.1993. 植物中的化感现象. 土壤, 25(5):248-251,259.
刘红,谢平,周洁,刘学军,唐汇娟.2003. 武汉东湖光合色素与叶绿素-a 代谢产物的 HPLC 研究.水生生物学报,27(1):1-6.
刘建康. 1999. 高级水生生物学. 北京:科学出版社.
刘秀芬. 1996 . 根际区他感化学物质的分离鉴定与生物活性的研究. 生态学报, 16 (1) :1-101
马瑞霞,刘秀芬,袁光林,孙思恩.1996.小麦根区微生物分解小麦残体产生的化感物质及其生物活性的研究.生态学报,16(6):632-639。
毛士龙,桑圣民,劳爱娜,陈仲良. 1999. 宝兴卫矛甾体成分研究.天然产物研究与开发,12(5): 14-16.
濮培民,王国祥,李正魁,胡春华,陈宝君,成小英,李波,张圣照,范云琦.2001.健
康水生态系统的退化及其修复——理论、技术及应用.湖泊科学,13(3):193-203。
沈耀良,王美敬,李 勇,张维佳,费忠民,罗 麟,黄 勇.2005.沉水植物修复受污水体净化效能的研究.苏州科技学院学报(工程技术版),18 (4): 1-4.
孙文浩,余叔文.1992.相生相克效应及其应用.植物生理学通讯,28(2):81-87。
孙文浩,俞子文,邰根福,余叔文. 1990. 凤眼莲无菌苗培养及其克藻效应. 植物生理学报,16(3): 301-305.
孙文浩,俞子文,郭克勤,余叔文. 1991. 凤眼莲克藻化合物的生物检测. 植物生理学通讯,27(6): 433-435.
孙文浩,俞子文,余叔文. 1988. 水葫芦对藻类的克制效应. 植物生理学报, 14(3): 294-300.
孙文浩,俞子文,余叔文.1989.城市富营养水域的生物治理和凤眼莲抑制藻类生长的机理.环境科学学报,9:188。
孙文浩,余叔文,杨善元,赵秉文,吴厚铭,黄胜余.1993.凤眼莲根系分泌物中的克藻化合物,植物生理学报,19(1):92-96。
宋碧玉. 1999. 利用人工围隔研究沉水植被恢复的生态效应. 生态学杂志, 18 (5) : 21～24.
宋福. 1997. 常见沉水植物对草海水体(含底泥)总氮去除速率的研究环境科学研究. 环境科学研究, 10 (4) : 47～50.
唐萍,吴国荣,陆长梅,顾龚平. 2000. 凤眼莲根系分泌物对栅藻结构及代谢的影响. 环境科学学报,20(3): 355-359.
唐萍,吴国荣,陆长梅,顾龚平,宰学明. 2001. 太湖水域几种高等水生植物的克藻效应. 农村生态环境,17(3): 42-47.
王大力,祝心如.1996.豚草的化感作用研究.生态学报,16(1):11-19。
王大力.1998.水稻化感作用研究综述.生态学报,18(3):326-334。
王立新,吴国荣,王建安,章浩,陆长梅,徐勤松.2004.黑藻(Hydrilla
verticillata)对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)抑制作用.湖泊科学,16(4):337-342。
鲜啟鸣,陈海东,邹惠仙,尹大强,龚惠娟,曲丽娟.2005. 四种沉水植物的克藻效应.湖泊科学,17(1):75—81.
徐涛,孔垂华,胡飞.1999. 胜红蓟化感作用研究Ⅲ-挥发油对不同营养水平下植物的化感作用.应用生态学报, 10(6):748-750.
阎飞,杨振明,邹永久.1998.大豆连作障碍中的生化互作作用.大豆科学,17(2):147-151。
颜素珠编著. 1983. 中国水生高等植物图说. 北京:科学出版社.
杨善元,俞子文,孙文浩,赵秉文,余叔文,吴厚铭,黄胜余,周惠强,马侃,劳霞飞. 1992. 凤眼莲根系中抑藻物质分离与鉴定. 植物生理学报,18(4): 399-402.
俞子文,孙文浩,郭克勤,余叔文.1992.几种高等水生植物的克藻效应.水生生物学报,16(1):1-7。
吴玉树. 1991. 根生沉水植物菹草对滇池水体的净化作用. 环境科学学报,11 (4) : 411～416.
袁俊峰,章宗涉.1993.金鱼藻对藻类的生化干预作用.生态学报,13:45-50。
朱建华. 2003. 高效液相色谱法测量海洋浮游植物色素浓度. 海洋技术, 22(1): 14-19.
庄源益,赵凡,戴树桂,金朝辉. 1995. 高等水生植物对藻类生长的克制效应. 环境科学进展,3(6): 44-49.
Alam S. M., Ala S. A., Azmi A. R. 1999. Influence of aqueous leaf extract of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) and NaCl on germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ). Pakistan J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(6): 372-373.
Alastair Fitter, 2003. Making allelopathy respectable, Science, 301: 1337- 1338. Aliotts G., Cafiero G., Fiorention A., Strumia S., 1993. Inhibition of radish germination and root growth by coumarin and phenylpropanoids. J. Chem. Eco. 19: 175- 183.
Alsaadawi I.S., Zwain K.H.Y. and Shahata H.A. 1998. Allelopathic inhibition of growth of rice by wheat residues. Allelopathy J. 5: 163– 170.
Anaya, A. L., 1999. Allelopathy as a tool in the management of biotic resources. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 18: 697—739.
Asaeda Takashi, Vu Kien Trung, Jagath Manatunge, Truong Van Bon, 2000.
Modelling macrophyte-nutrient-phytoplankton interactions in shallow eutrophic lakes and the evaluation of environmental impacts. Ecol. Engin., 16: 341-357.
Baghestani, A., C. Lenieux, G. D. Leroux, R. Baziramakenga, and R. R. Simard, 1999.
Determination of allelochemicals in spring cereal cultivars of different competitiveness. Weed Sci. 47:498—504.
Ball A S, Williams M, Vincent D, et al. 2001. Algal growth control by a barley straw extract. Bioresource Technology, 77: 177 -181.
Balls, H. B., Moss, B., Irvine, K., 1989. The loss of submerged plants with eutrophication I. Experimental design, water chemistry, aquatic plant and phytoplankton biomass in experiments carried out in ponds in the Norflok Broadland. Freshwat. Biol., 22: 71-87.
Bansal G. L., 1997. Allelopathy effect of buttercups on wheat varieties. Allelopathy J. 4(1): 139- 142.
Banumathy G., Xavjer A., 1990. Allelochemicals influence of Catharanthus roseus (L) G. D on growth and water potential of Zea mays L., Compar. Physio. Eco. 15(4): 165- 169.
Barkosky R., Einhellig F. A. 1993. Effects of salicylic acid on plant- water relationships. J. Chem. Eco., 19: 237- 247.
Barria, B. N., S. V. Copaja, and H. M. Niemeyer, 1992. Occurrence of DIBOA in wild Hordeum species and its relation to aphid resistance. Phytochemistry 31: 89—91.
Barnes, J. P., A. R. Putnam, and B. A. Burke, 1986. Allelopathic activity of rye (Secale cereale L.). In: A. R. Putnam, and C. S. Tang, eds. The Science of Allelopathy, pp. 271—286. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Barnes, J. P., A. R. Putnam, B. A. Burke, and A. J. Aasen, 1987. Isolation and characterization of allelochemicals in rye herbage. Phytochemistry 26: 1385—1390.
Bazzaz F A,Nona R C,Coley P D,et al. 1987. Allocating resources to reproduction and defense. Bioscience. 37:58~ 67.
Hui-Cong Wang, Xu-Ming Huang, Gui-Bing Hu, Zhuan-ying Yang, Hui-Bai Huang 2006. A comparative study of chlorophyll loss and its related mechanism during fruit maturation in the pericarp of fast- and slow-degreening litchi pericarp, Scientia Horticulturae, Artical in press.
H. P. Bais, R. Vepachedu, S. Gilroy, R. M. Callaway, J. M. Vivanco. 2003. Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion: from molecules and genes to species interactions. Science, 301: 1377- 1380.
Baziraakenga R., Leroux G. O., Simard R. R., 1995. Effects of benzoic and cinnamic acids on membrane permeability of soybean roots, J. Chem. Eco. 21(9):1271- 1285.
Booker F. L., Blum U., Fiscus E. L., 1992. Short term of ferulic acids on ion uptake and water relations on cucumber seedlings. J. Ex. Bot., 43(250): 649-655.
Blindow & Hootsmans, 1991. Allelopathic effects from Chara spp. On two species of unicellular green algae. In: Hootsmans MJM & JE Vermaat (eds), Macrophytes, A key to understanding changes caused by eutrophication in shallow freshwater ecosystems. IHE, Report Series, Delft, 21: 139-144.
Blum U., Gerig T.M. and Worsham A.D. 1992. Allelopathic activity in wheat-conventional and wheat-no-till soil: development of soil extract bioassays. J. Chem. Ecol. 18: 2191–2204.
Bouillant ML , et al . 1994. Identification of 5-(12-heptadecenyl)-resorci-nol in rice root exudates. Phytochemistry , 35 (3) : 769～7711
Brammer E. S., 1979. Exclusion of phytoplankton in the proximity of dominant water-soldier (Stratiotes aloides). Freshwat. Biol., 9: 233-249.
Brunner L., Luster J., Oche M., Davis J. B. 1996. Phytotoxic effects of the high molecular weight fraction of an aqueous leaf litter extract on barley root development. Plant and Soil, 178(1): 83- 93.
Bryant J P,Chapin F S Ⅲand Klein D R. 1983. Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory. Oikos. 40: 357~368.
Cambier, V., T. Hance, and E. de Hoffmann, 2000. Variation of DIMBOA and related compound content in relation to the age and plant organ in maize. Phytochemistry 53: 223—229.
Chapin F SⅢ , Arnold J B,Christopher B F,et al. 1987. Plant response to multiple environmental factors.Bioscience. 37: 49~77.
Chou, C. H., 1995. Allelopathy and sustainable agriculture. In: K. M. Inderjit, M. Dakshini, and F. A. Einhellig, eds. Processes and Applications. ACS symposium Series 582, pp. 211—223. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
Christine B., William A. J., Richard J. V., et al. 1992. Differential inhibition by ferulic acid of nitrate and ammonium uptake in Zea mays L., Plant Physio., 98: 639- 645.
Chung, M., D. Seigler, D. A. Miller, and S. H. Kyung, 2000. Autotoxic compounds from fresh alfalfa leaf extracts: identification and biological activity. J. Chem. Ecol. 26: 315—327.
Cole J. J., 1982. Interactions between bacteria and algae in aquatic ecosystems. Ann. Rev. Ecolog. Syst., 13: 291-314.
Coley P D,Brant J P and Chapin F SⅢ . 1985. Resource availability and plant antiherbivore defense. Science. 230: 895~899.
Cruz O. R., Anaya A. L., Hernandez-bautista B. E., Stedwen B. G. 1998. Effects of allelochemical stress produced by sicyosdeppei on seedling root ultrastructure of Phaseolous valgaris and cucubita ficifolia. J. Chem. Eco. 24(12): 2039-2057.
Cruz O. R., Anaya A. L., Ramos L., 1988. Effects of allelopathic compounds of corn pollen on respiration and cell division of watermelon. J. Chem. Eco. 14(1): 71-68.
Daniela Erhard, Elisabeth M. Gross, 2006. Allelopathic activity of Elodea canadensis and Elodea nuttallii against epiphytes and phytoplankton, Aquat. Bot. 85: 203-211.
Dayan F. E., Watson S . B., Galindo J. C. G. et. Al., 1999. Phytotoxicity of quassinoids: physiological responses and structural requirements. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 65(1): 15-24.
Della GM ,Fiorentino A , Isidori M. 2001. Antialgal furano-diterpenes from Potamogeton natans L. [J ] . Phytochemist ry ,58 : 299～304.
Doan N.T., Rickards R.W., Rothschild J.M. & Smith G.D. 2000. Allelopathic actions of the alkaloid 12-epi-hapalindole E isonitrile and calothrixin A from cyanobacteria of the genera Fischerella and Calothrix. Journal of Applied Phycology, 12: 409–416.
Dornbos, D. L., G. F. Spencer, and R. W. Miller, 1990. Medicarpin delays alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth. Crop Sci. 30: 162—166.
Droop M. R., 1966. Vitamin B12 and marine ecology Ⅲ. An experiment with a chemostat. J. Mar. boil. Ass. U. K. 46: 659-671.
Eberly W. R., 1967. Problems in the laboratory culture of planktonic blue-green algae. In: Environmental requirements of blue-green algae. Corvallis, Oregon: U. S. Department of the Interior. pp. 7-34.
Eberlein, C. V., M. J. Morra, M. J. Guttieri, P. D. Brown, and J. Brown, 1998, Glucosiolate production by five field-grown Brassica napus cultivars used as green manures. Weed Technol. 12: 712—718.
Edna Graneli, Niclas Johansson, 2003. Increase in the production of allelopathic substances by Prymnesium parvum cells grown under N- or P-deficient conditions. Harmful Algae, 2: 135-145.
Einhellig F. A., 1995. Mechanism of action of allelochemicals in allelopathy. Allelopthy, (1): 97-115.
Einhellig F. A., 1995b. Mechanism of action of allelochemicals in allelopathy. Acs Symp Ser., 582: 96- 116.
Einhellig F. A., 1996. Interactions involving allelopathy in cropping systems. Agronomy J. 88: 886-893.
Einhellig F. A., Eckrich P. C., 1984. Interactions of temperature and ferulic acid stress on grain sorghum and soubeans . J. Chem. Eco. 10: 161- 170.
Einhellig F. A., and I. F. Souza, 1992. Phytotoxicity of sorgoleone found in grain sorghum root exudates. J. Chem. Ecol. 18: 1—11.
El- abdaqutf. 1991. Allelopathic effects of ferulic, garlic, and vanillic acids on corn (Zea mays L.). Dissertation Abstracts International. B, Sciences and Engineering, 52(3): 1169B.
Elakovich SD ,Wooten JW. 1994. Allelopathic herbaceous vascular hydrophytes [ A ] . In : Dakshini KMM , eds. Allelopathy : Organisms , Processes ,and Applications [ C] . Washington DC:ACS Symposium Series ,582: 58～73.
Elisabeth M. Gross, Suutfeld R., 1994. Polyphenols with algicidal activity in the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spictum L. Acta Hortic. 381: 710-716.
Elisabeth M. Gross, H. Meyer & G. Schilling, 1996. Release and ecological impact of algicidal hydrolysable polyphenols in Myriophyllum spicatum. Phytochemistry, 41: 133-138.
Elisabeth M. Gross, et al. 2003. Allelopathic activity of Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Najas marina ssp. Intermedia (Wolfgang) Casper. Hydrobiologia, 506-509: 583-589.
Elisabeth M. Gross, 1999. Allelopathy in benthic and littoral areas: Case studies in allelochemicals from benthic cyanobacteria and submersed macrophytes. In
Inderjit, K. M., M. Dkshini & C. L. Foy (eds). Principles and Practices in Plant Ecology: Allelochemical Interactions. CRC Press, LLC. Boca Raton: 179-199.
Elisabeth M. Gross, C. Feldbaum & Eniko Ivanyi, 2003. Allelopathic activity of
Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Najas Marina ssp. Intermedia (wolfgang) Casper. Hydrobiologia, 506-509: 583-589.
Elisabeth M. Gross, C. feldbaum & Eniko Ivanyi, 2003. Epiphyte biomass and elemental composition on submersed macrophytes in shallow eutrophic lakes. Hydrobiologia, 506-509: 559-565.
Elisabeth M. Gross, 2003. Allelopathy of aquatic autotrophs. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22(3-4):313-339.
Evans R. D., 1994. Empirical evidence of the importance of sediment resuspension in lakes. Hydrobiologia, 284: 5-12.
Everall N C, Less D R.. 1997. The identification and significance of chemical released from decomposing barley straw during reservoir algal control[J]. Wat. Res. 31(3): 614-620.
Farjalla V. F., Anesio A. M., Bertilsson S., Graneli W., 2001. Photochemical reactivity of aquatic macrophyte leachates: abiotic transformations and bacterial response. Aquat. Microbial Ecol. 24: 187-195.
Fay, P. K., and W. B. Duke, 1977. An assessment of allelopathic potential in Avena germplasm. Weed Sci. 25:224—228.
Fisher N. H., Williamson G. B., Weidenhamer J. D., et al. 1994. In research of allelopathy in Florida scrub: The role of terpenoids. J. Chem. Eco. 20: 1355- 1380.
Fitzgerald G. P., 1969. Some factors in the competition or antagonism among bacteria, algae and aquatic weeds. J. Phycol. 5: 351-359.
Forsberg C., S. Kleiven & T. Willen, 1990. Absence of allelopathic effects of Chara on phytoplankton in situ. Aquat. Bot. 38: 289-294.
Friebe A., Roth U., Kuck P., 1996. Effects of 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones on the activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Phytochemistry, 44(6): 979-983.
Friedman, J., and G. R. Waller, 1983, Caffeine hazards and their prevention in germinating seeds of coffee (Coffea arabica L.). J. Chem. Ecol. 9: 1099—1106.
Fujii, Y, 1999. Allelopathy of hairy vetch and Mucuna: their application for sustainable agriculture. In: C. H. Chou, G. R. Waller, and C. Reinhardt (eds),
Biodiversity and Allelopathy: From Organisms to Ecosystems in the Pacific, pp. 289—300. Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
G. Mulderij, E. Van Donk, JGM Roelofs. 2003. Differential sensitivity of green algae to allelopathic substances from Chara. Hydrobiologia, 491: 261-271.
G. Mulderij, W. M. Mooij, A. J. P. Smolders, E. Van Donk, 2005. Allelopathic inhibition of phytoplankton by exudates from Stratiotes aloides. Aqua. Bot. 82: 284-296.
Galindo JCG, Hernandez A, Dayan FE, et. Al., 1999. Dehydrozaluzanin, a natural sesquiterpenolide, causes rapid plasma membrane leakage. Phytochemistry, 52: 805-813.
Gaspar, E. M. M., M. Pereira, and H. J. Chaves das Neves, 1999. Potential allelopathic sterols and ketosteroids from wheat straw (Triticum aestivum). In: F. A. Macias, J. C. G. Galindo, J. M. G. Molinillo, and H. G. Cutler, eds. Recent Advances in Allelopathy, Vol. 1, pp. 69—80. Servicio De Publicaciones – Universidad de Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
Gattas Hallak A. M., Davide L. C., Souza L. F., 1999. Effects of sorghum (Sorhub biccier L. ) root exudates on the cell cycle of the bean plant (Phaselus vulgaris ). Gene. Mol. Bio. 22(1): 95-99.
Gershenzon J. 1984. Changes in the levels of plant secondary metabolites under water and nutrient stress .Recent Adv. Phytochem. 18: 273~320.
Gershenzon J. 1994, Metabolic costs of terpenoid accumulation in higher plants. J.Chem.Ecol. 20: 1281~1328.
Gleason F.K., Case D.E., Sipprell K.D. & Magnuson T.S. 1986. Effect of the natural algicide, cyanobacteria, on a herbicide-resistant mutant of Anacystis nidulans R2. Plant Science, 46: 5–10.
Gleason F.K. & Paulson J.L. 1984. Site of action of the natural algicide, cyanobacteria, in the blue-green alga, Synechococcus sp. Archives of Microbiology, 138: 273–277.
Gopal B, U Goel, 1993. Competition and allelopathy in aquatic plant communities. Bot. Rev. 59: 155-210.
Gorski, P. M., J. Miersch, and M. Ploszynski, 1991. Production and biological activity of saponins and canavanine in alfalfa seedlings. J. Chem. Ecol. 17: 1135—1143.
Gross E.M., Wolk C.P. & Jüttner F. 1991. Fischerellin, a new allelochemical from the freshwater cyanobacterium Fischerella muscicola. Journal of Phycology, 27: 686–692.
Gumbricht, T., 1993. Nutrient removal processes in freshwater submersed macrophyte systems. Ecol. Model, 2: 1-30.
Hagmann L. & Jüttner F. 1996. Fischerellin A, a novel photosystem-II-inhibiting allelochemical of the cyanobacterium Fischerella muscicola with antifungal and herbicidal activity. Tetrahedron Letters, 37: 6529–6542.
Hansenquartey J.A. Nyamapfene K., Materechera S. A. 1998. Effects of aqueous extracts from Artemisia afra development in selected plant species. South African J. Plant. Soi., 15(1): 1- 5.
Hanson, A. D., P. L. Traynor, K. M. Ditz, and D. A. Reicosky, 1981: Gramine in barley forage-effects of genotype and environment. Crop Sci. 21: 726—730.
Harper J. R., Balke N. E. 1981. Characterization of the inhibition of K+ absorption in oat roots by salicylic acid . Plant Physi., 68: 1349-1353.
Hasler A. D., & Jones E., 1949. Demonstration of the antagonistic action of large aquatic plants on algae and rotifers. Ecology 30: 359-495.
Hedin, P. A., and J. C. McCarty Jr, 1994. Effects of several commercial plant growth regulator formulations on yield and allelochemicals of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). J. Agric. Food Chem. 42: 1355—1357.
Hejl A. M., Einhelig F. A., Rasmussen J. A., Effects of juglone on growth, Photosynthesis and respiration. J Chem. Eco. 19(3): 559-568.
Herms D and Mattson W J. 1992. The dilemma of plants:To grow or to defend.Q. Rec.Biol. 67: 283~335.
Hicks S.K., Wendt C.W., Gannaway J.R. and Baker R.B. 1989. Allelopathic effects of wheat straw on cotton germination, emergence, and yield. Crop Sci. 29:1057–1061.
Hirata K., Yoshitomi S., Dwi S., Iwabe O.A.M., Polchai J. & Miyamoto K. 2003. Bioactivities of nostocine A produced by a freshwater cyanobacterium Nostoc spongiaeforme TISTR 8169. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 95: 512–517.
Ianora A., Poulet S.A. & Miralto A. 2003. The effects of diatoms on copepod reproduction: a review. Phycologia, 42: 351–363.
Inderjit, Dakshimi K. M. M., 1997. Allelopathic effect of cyanobacterial inoculum on soil characteristics and cereal growth. Can. J. Botany, 75: 1267-1272.
Inderjit and Dakshini K.M.M. 1998. Allelopathic interference of chickweed, Stellaria media, with seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Can. J. Bot. 76: 1317–1321.
J. William Louda*, Jie Li, Lei Liu, M. Nancy Winfree and Earl W. Baker 1998.
Chlorophyll-a degradation during cellular senescence and death Org. Geochem. Vol. 29, No. 5~7, pp. 1233~1251.
Jasser I., 1995. The influence of macrophytes on a phytoplankton community in experimental conditions. Hydrobiologia, 306: 21-32.
Jeppesen E., J. P. Jensen, P. Keistensen, M. Sondergaard, E. Mortensen, O. Sortkjaer, K. Olrik., 1990. Fish manipulation as a lake restoration tool in shallow, eutrophic, temperate lake 2: threshold levels, long-term stability and conclusions. Hydrobiologia, 200/201: 219-228.
Jessop R.S. and Stewart L.W. 1983. Effect of crop residues, soil type and temperature on emergence and early growth of wheat. Plant Soil 74: 101–109.
Johanna Berger & Michael Schagerl. 2003. Allelopathic activity of Chara aspera. Hydrobiologia, 501: 109-115.
Josep P., Joan L., 1997. Effects of carbon dioxide, water supply, and seasonally on terpene content and emission by Rosmarinus officinalis. J. Chem. Ecol. 23: 979-993.
Josephine Leflaive and Loic Ten-hage, 2007. Algal and cyanobacterial secondary metabolites in freshwaters: a comparison of allelopathic compounds and toxins, Freshwater Bio. 52: 199-214.
Jukka Horppila, Leena Nurminen., 2003. Effects of carbon dioxide, water supply, and seasonally on sediment resuspension and internal phosphorus loading in lake Hiidenvesi (southern Finlan). Wat. Res., 37: 4468-4474.
Jüttner F. 2001. Liberation of 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acid from lipids as a grazer defense reaction in epilithic diatom biofilm. Journal of Phycology, 37: 744–755.
Kato-noguchi H., 1999. Effect of light irradiation on allelopathic potential of germinating maize. Phytochemisty, 52(6): 1023-1027.
Khatib E. and Hgazy J.K. 1999. Growth and physiology response of wild oats to the allelopathic potential of wheat. Acta Agron. Hung. 47: 11–18.
Kimber R.W.L. 1966. Phytotoxicity from plant residues I. The influence of rotted wheat straw on seedling growth. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 18: 361– 374.
Kimber R.W.L. 1973. Phytotoxicity from plant residues II. The relative effect of toxins and nitrogen immobilization on the germination and growth of wheat. Plant Soil 38: 347–361.
Kittakoop, P., Wanasith, S., Watts, P., Kramyu, J., Tanticharoen, M., Thebtaranonth, Y., 2001. Potent antiviral potamogetonyde and potamogetonol, new furanoid labdane diterpenes from Potamogeton malaianus. J. Nat. Prod. 64: 385–388.
Klein K and Blum U. 1991. Effects of soil nitrogen level on ferulic acid inhibition of cucumber leaf expansion.J. Chem. Ecol. 16: 1371~1383.
Kogan S. I. & Chinnova G. A., 1972. On the relations between Ceratophyllum demersus L. and some blue-green algae. Giorobiol. Zh. 8: 21-27.
Kogan S. I., Chinnova G. A., Kravchenko M. E., 1978. Effect of macrophytes on certain algae in joint cultivation. IZV AKAD NAUK TURRM SSR SER BIOL NAUK, 3: 3-8.
Kupidlowska E., Kowalee M., Sulkowski G., 1994. The effect of coumarins on root elongation and ultrastructure of meristematic cell protoplast. Annals of Bot., 73(5): 525- 530.
Lau S. S. S., Lane S. N., 2002. Nutrient and grazing factors in relation to phytoplankton level in an eutrophic shallow lake: the effect of low macrophyte abundance. Wat. Res., 36: 3593-3601.
Lerdau M Litvak M,and Monson R. 1994. Plant chemical defense:Monoterpenes and the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis. Trends Ecol. Evol., 9: 58~61.
Les D. H., Sheridan D. J., 1990. Biochemical heterophylly and flavonoid evolution in North American Potamogeton (Potamogetonaceae). Am. J. Bot., 77: 453-465.
Li F M, Hu H Y. 2005. Allelopathic effects of different macrophytes on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa. Allelopathy Journal, 15(1): 145-152.
Li X.J., Li B.H. and Lu D.Z. 2000. [A preliminary study on allelopathic effect of wheat plant extracts on Digitaria ciliaris (L.) Scop.] Weed Sci. 3: 4–6 (in Chinese).
Li S.L., You Z.G., Li S.R. and Zhang L. 1996. [Allelopathy of wheat extraction to the growth of two weeds.] Chin. J. Biol. Cont. 12: 168– 170 (in Chinese).
Liu, D. L., and J. V. Lovett, 1993: Biologically active secondary metabolites of barley. I. Developing techniques and assessing allelopathy in barley. J. Chem. Ecol. 19: 2217—2230.
Luis Almela, José A, Fernández-lópez, María J. Roca. 2000. High-performance liquid chromatographic screening of chlorophyll derivatives produced during fruit storage, Journal of Chromatography A, 870 : 483-489.
Luu K. T., Matches A. G., Peters E. J., 1982. Allelopathy effects of tall fascue on birdsfoot trefoil as influenced by N fertilization and seasonal change. Agronomy J. 74: 805- 808.
Ma Y.Q. and Han Q.H. 1993. [A study on the variation of allelopathic effects of wheat straw mulching on different corn varieties.] Eco-Agric Res. 1: 65–69 (in Chinese).
Macias, F. A., R. M. Varela, A. Torres, and J. M. G. Molinillo, 1993: Potential allelopathic guaianolides from cultivar sunflower leaves, var. SH-222. Phytochemistry 34, 669—674.
Macias, F. A., A. Torres, J. M. G. Molinillo, R. M. Varela, and D. Castellano, 1996: Potential allelopathic sesquiterpene lactones from sunflower leaves. Phytochemistry 43, 1205—1215.
Macias, F. A., J. M. G. Molinillo, A. Torres, R. M. Varela, and D. Castellano, 1997. Bioactive flavonoids from Helianthus annuus cultivars. Phytochemistry 45: 683—697.
Mann J. 曹日强译. 1983. 次生代谢作用.北京:科学出版社, 283~309.
Maria Olofsdotter and Azim U. Mallik, 2001. Allelopathy symposium, Agron. J. 93: 1-2.
Marina DellaGreca, Maria Ferrara, Antonio fiorentino, Pietro Monaco & Lucio Previtera, 1998. Antialgal Compounds from Zantedeschia Aethiopica. Phytochemistry, 19(5): 1299-1304.
Marina DellaGreca, Fiorentino Antonio, Isidori Marina, Monaco Pietro, Zarrelli Armando, 2000. Antialgal ent-labdane diterpenes from Ruppia maritime. Phytochemistry. 55: 909-913.
Marina DellaGreca, Antomio Fiorentino, Marina Isidori, Pietro Monaco, Fabio Temussi, Armando Zarrelli. 2003. New dimeric phenanthrenoids from the rhizomes of Juncus acutus, structure determination and antialgal activity. Tetrahedron, 59: 2317-2324.
Marina Della Greca, Pietro Monaco, Lucio Previtera. 1990. Stigmaterols from Typhy latifolia, J. Nat. Prod., 53(6): 1430 -1435.
Marten Scheffer, 1999. The effect of aquatic vegetation on turbidity: how important are the filter feeders? Hydrobiologia, 408/409: 307-316.
Mcclure P. R., Gross H. D., Jackson W. A., 1978. Phosphate absorption by soybean verities: the influence of perulic acid. Canadian J. Bot. 56: 764- 767.
Merlo L., Ghisi R., Rascio N. 1991. Effects of humic substances on carbohydrate metabolism of maize leaves. Can. J. Plant Sci. 71(2): 419-425.
Miller, R. W., R. Kleiman, G. Powell, and A. R. Putnam, 1988, Germination and growth inhibitors of alfalfa. J. Nat. Prod. 51: 328—330.
Miller, D. A., 1996. Allelopathy in forage crop systems. Agron. J. 88: 854—859.
Miralto A., Barone G., Romano G. et al. 1999. The insidious effect of diatoms on copepod reproduction. Nature, 402: 173–176.
Moyer J.R., Blackshaw R.E. and Smith E.G. 2000. Cereal cover crops for weed suppression in a summer fallow-wheat cropping sequence. Can. J. Plant Sci. 80: 441–449.
Muller C. H., Muller W. H., Haines B. L., 1964. Volatile growth inhibitors produced by aromatic shrubs. Science, 143: 471-473.
Mwaja, V. Y., J. B. Masiunas, and L. A. Weston, 1995. Effects of fertility on biomass, phytotoxicity and allelochemical content of cereal rye. J. Chem. Ecol. 21: 81—94.
Nazmul Qais, Mushfiqur Rahman Mandal, Mohammad Abdur Rashid, Abdul Jabbar, Hiroyuki Koshino, Kazuo Nagasawa, Tadashi Nakata, A furanoid labdane diterpene from Potamogeton nodosus. J. Nat. Prod. 1998, 61: 156-157.
Olofsdotter M , et al . 1995 . Allelopathic potential in rice ( Oryza sativa L. ) germpasm . Ann Appl Biol , 127 :543～5601
Netzley, D. H., and L. G. Butler, 1986. Roots of sorghum exudates hydrophobic droplets containing biologically active components. Crop Sci. 26: 776—778.
Oleszek, W., and M. Jurzysta, 1987, An allelopathic potential of alfalfa root medicagenic acid glycosides and their fate in soil environment. Plant Soil. 98: 67—80.
Ostrofsky M. L., Zettler E. R., 1986. Chemical defenses in aquatic plants. J. Ecol., 74: 279-287.
Padhy B. Patnaik P. K. Tripathy A. K. 2000. Allelopathic potential of eucalyptus leaflitter leachates on germination and seedling growth of fingermillet. Allelopathy J., 7(1): 69-78.
Pare P W, Tumlinson J H. 1997. Induced synthesis of plant volatiles.Natrue.385: 30~31.
Williamson G B,Elizabeth M O and Jeffrey D W. 1992. Inhibition of Poaceae by the allelochemical hydrocinnamic acid. J.Chem.Ecol. 18: 2095~2105.
Patterson D. T., 1981. Effects of allelopathic chemicals on growth and physiological response of soybean (Glycine max), Weed Sci., 29(1): 53-58.
Patrice Waridel, Jean-Luc Wolfender, Jean-Bernard Lachavanne & Kurt Hostettmann, 2003. ent-Labdane diterpenes from the aquatic plant Potamogeton pectinatus. Phytochemistry, 64: 1309-1317.
Patrice Waridel, Jean-Luc Wolfender, Jean-Bernard Lachavanne & Kurt Hostettmann, 2004a. ent-labdane glycosides from the aquatic plant Potamogeton Lucens and analytical evaluation of the lipophilic extract constituents of various Potamogeton species. Phytochemistry 65: 945-954.
Patrice Waridel, Jean-Luc Wolfender, Jean-Bernard Lachavanne & Kurt Hostettmann, 2004b. Identification of the polar constituents of Potamogeton species by HPLC-UV with post-column derivatization, HPLC-MSn and HPLC-NMR, and isolation of a new ent-labdane diglycoside. Phytochemistry, 65: 2401-2410.
Perez, F. J., 1990. Allelopathic effects of hydroxamic acids from cereals on Avena sativa and A. fatua. Phytochemistry 29: 773—776.
Poeppe D. E. 1972. Some reactions of isolated corn mitochondria influenced by juglone. Physiol. Plant, 27: 89-94.
Prasat Kittakoop, Supakit Wanasith, Patricia Watts, Jarin Kramyu, Morakot Tanticharoen, Yodhathai Thebtaranonth, 2001. Potent antiviral Potamogetonyde and Potamogetonol, new furanoid labdane diterpenes from Potamogeton malaianus. J. Nat. Prod. 64: 385-388.
Proctor, V. W., 1957. Some controlling factors in the distribution of Haematococcus pluvialis. Ecology, 38: 457-462.
Qasem J. R., Abu- irmaileh B. E., 1985. Allelopathic effect of Salvia syriaca L. (Syrian sage) in wheat. Weed Res., 25: 47- 52.
Qais, N., Mandal, M.R., Rashid, M.A., Jabbar, A., Koshino, H., Nagasawa, K., Nakata, T., 1998. A furanoid labdane diterpene from Potamogeton nodosus. J. Nat. Prod. 61: 156–157.
Qiming, Xian, Haidong Chen, Huixian Zou and Daqiang Yin, 2006. Allelopathic activity of volatile substance from submerged macrophytes on Microcystin aeruginosa, Act. Eco. Sin., 26(11): 3549- 3554.
Reigosa M. J., Sanchez-Moreiras A., Gonzalez L., 1999. Ecophysiological approach in allelopathy. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 18: 577-608.
Rice E. I., 1964. Inhibition of nitrogen fixing and nitrifying bacteria by seed plants. I. Ecology, 45: 824-837.
Rice E. I., 1968. Inhibition of nodulation of inoculated legumes by pioneer plant species from abandoned fields. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 95: 346-358.
Rice E. I., 1974. Allelopathy. New York: Academic Press.
Rice E. I., 1984. Allelopathy (2nd ed.). London: Academic Press.
Sabine Koorner, Andreas Nicklisch, 2002. Allelopathic growth inhibition of selected phytoplankton species by submerged macrophytes. J. Phycol., 38: 862-871.
Sadhu MK, et al . 1997 . Root exudates of rice seeding Nishi . J. Chem. Ecol. , 23: 828～8351
Sanna Suikkanen, Giovana O fistarol, Edna Graneli, 2004. Allelopathic effects of the Baltic cyanobacteria Nodularia spumigena, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Anabaena lemmermannii on algal monoculruew. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 308: 85-101.
Satoshi Nakai, Masaaki Hosomi, Mitumasa Okada, Akihiko Murakami, 1996. Control of algal growth by macrophytes and macrophyte-extracted bioactive compounds. Wat. Sci. Tech, 34(7-8): 227-235.
Satoshi Nakai, Yutaka Inoue, Masaaki Hosomi and Akihiko Murakami, 1999. Growth inhibition of blue-green algae by allelopathic effects of macrophytes. Wat. Sci. Tec. 39(8): 47-53.
Satoshi Nakai, Yutaka Inoue, Masaaki Hosomi and Akihiko Murakami. 2000. Myriophyllum spicatum-released allelopathic polyphenols inhibiting growth of blue-green algae Microcystis aeruginosa. Wat. Res., 34(11): 3026-3032.
Schmidt L. E., Hansen P. J., 2001. Allelopathy in the premnesiophyte Chrysochromulina polylepis: effect of cell concentration, growth phase and pH. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 216: 67-81.
Shama N. K., Samrma J. S., Singh H. P., 2000. Effect of aqueous extracts of populous deltoids M. on germination and seedling growth ⅠWheat. Allelopathy J, 7(1): 56- 68.
Sharma K. P., 1985. Allelopathic influence of algae on the growth of Eichihornia crassipes Solms. Aquat. Bot. 22: 71-78.
Shibu J., Andrew R. G., 1998. Allelopathy in black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) alley cropping. Ⅱ. Effects of juglone on hydroponically grown corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Mer.) growth and physiology. Plant and soil, 203: 199-205.
Simons J. & E. Nat, 1996. Past and present distribution of stoneworts (Characeae) in the Netherlands. Hydrobiologia, 340: 127-135.
Singh, H. P., D. R. Batish, and R. K. Kohli, 2001. Allelopathy in agroecosystem: an overview. J. Crop Prod. 4: 1—42.
Smith Jr., C.R., Madrigal, R.V., Weisleder, D., Kolajczak, K.L., 1976. Potamogetonin, a new furanoid diterpene. Structural assignment by carbon-13 and proton magnetic resonance. J. Org. Chem. 41: 593– 596
Sondergaard M., Kristensen P., Jeppesen E., 1992. Phosphorus release from resuspended sediment in the shallow lake. Hydrobiologia, 228: 91-98.
Srivastava Alaka, Juttner Friedrich, Reto J. Strasser, 1998. Action of the allelochemical, fischerenllin A, on photosystem Ⅱ. Biochimica et biophysica Acta (BBA), 1364(3): 326-336.
Steinsiek J.W., Oliver L.R. and Collins F.C. 1982. Allelopathic potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw on selected weed species. Weed Sci. 30: 495–497.
Stout M J,Raymond A B and Sean S D. 1998. Effects of nitrogen availability on expression of constitutive and inducible chemical defenses in tomato. J. Chem. Ecol. 24: 945~963.
Suzuki, T., H. Ashihara, and G. R. Waller, 1992. Purine and purine alkaloid metabolism in Camellia and Coffea plants. Phytochemistry 31: 2575—2584.
Tadashi Kunieda, Toyoki Amano, Yuzo Shioi, 2005. Search for chlorophyll degradation enzyme, Mg-dechelatase, from extracts of Chenopodium album with native and artificial substrates, Plant Science, 169: 177–183.
Tang C. S., Cai W. F., Kohl K., 1995. Plant stess and allelopathy. A CS. Symp. Ser. 582: 142-147.
Tamura, S., C. Chang, A. Suzuki, and S. Kumai, 1967. Isolation and structure of a novel isoflavonoid derivative in red clover. Agric. Biol. Chem. 31: 1108—1109.
Tamura, S., C. Chang, A. Suzuki, and S. Kumai, 1969. Chemical studies on _clover sickness_. Part I. Isolation and structural elucidation of two new isoflavonoids in red clover. Agric. Biol. Chem. 33: 391—397.
Tillmann U., John U., 2002. Toxic effects of Alexandrium spp. on heterotrophic dinoflagellates: an allelochemical defense mechanism independent of PSP-toxin content. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 230: 47-58.
Tipton, C. L., J. A. Klun, R. R. Husted, and M. D. Pierson, 1967. Cyclic hydroxamic acids and related Crop Allelopathy in Agriculture compounds from maize. Isolation and characterization. Biochemistry 9: 2866—2870.
Tiziana Cangiano, Marina DellaGreca, Antonio Fiorentino, Marina Isidori, Pietro Monaco & Armando Zarrelli. 2001. Lactone diterpenes from the aquatic plant Potamogeton natans. Phytochemistry 56: 469-473.
Tiziana Cangiano, Marina DellaGreca, Antonio Fiorentino, Marina Isidori, Pietro Monaco & Armando Zarrelli. 2002. Effect of ent-labdane diterpenes from Potamogetonaceae on Selenastrum capricornutum and other aquatic organisms. J. Chem. Ecol. 28: 1091-1102.
Todorova A. & Jüttner F. 1996 Ecotoxicological analysis of nostocyclamide, a modified cyclic hexapeptide from Nostoc. Phycologia, 35: 183–188.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1989. “Algal (selenasrum capricornutum) Growth Test,” in: Short-Term methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater Organisms. Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, pp. 147-174.
Van Donk E, WJ Van de Bund, 2002. Impact of submerged macrophytes including charophytes on phyto- and zooplankton communities: allelopathy versus other mechanisms. Aquat. Bot. 72: 261-274.
Van Vierssen W, Prins Th. C. 1985. On the relationship between the growth of algae and aquatic macrophytes in brackish water. Aquat. Bot., 21: 165-179.
Vaughn, S. F., 1999, Glucosinolates as natural pesticides, In: H. G. Cutler, and S. J. Cutler, eds. Biologically Active Natural Products. pp. 81—92. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Vaughn, S. F., and R. A. Boydston, 1997. Volatile allelochemicals released by crucifer green manures. J. Chem. Ecol. 23: 2107—2116.
Vaughan D., ORD B., 1990. Influence of phenoic acids on morphological changes in roots of Pisum sativum. J. Sci. Food. Agri. 52(3): 289- 299.
Vaughan D., Ord B. G., 1991. Extraction of potential allelochemicals and their effects on root morphology and nutrient contents. In plant root growth: an ecological perspective. Oxford . UK. Blackwell Scientific publications, 399-421.
Von Aller R. T., G. F. Pessoney, V. A. Rogers, E. J. Watkins, & H. G. Leggett, 1985. Oxygenated fatty acids: a class of allelochemicals from aquatic plants. In: The Chemistry of Allelopathy Biochemical Interactions Among Plants. A. C. Thompson, ed. American Chemical Society. pp.387-400.
Waller, G. R., M. Jurzysta, and R. I. Z. Thorne, 1993. Allelopathic activity of root saponins from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on weeds and wheat. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 34: 1-11.
Wareing P F and Phillips I D J. 1981. Growth and different in plants. 3rd ed.Oxford :Pergamon Press, 481-499.
Willianmson G. B., Obee E. M., Weisenhamer J. D., 1992. Inhibition of Schizachyrium scoparim by the allelochemical hydrocinnamic acid . J. Chem. Eco. 18: 2095-2105.
Wium-Andersen S., U. Anthoni & G. Houen, 1983. Elemental sulphur, a possible allelopathic compound from Ceratophyllum demersum. Phytochemistry 22: 2613-2621.
Wu H., Pratley J., Lemerle G. and Haig T. 2000. Laboratory screening for allelopathic potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum) accessions against annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum). Aust. J. Agric. Res. 51: 259–266.
Xuan, T. D., S. Tawata, T. D. Khanh, and I. M. Chung, 2005. Biological control of weeds and plant pathogens in paddy fields by exploiting plant allelopathy: an overview. Crop Prot. 24: 197—206.
Yamada, K., T. Anai, and K. Hasegawa, 1995. Lepidimoide, and allelopathic substance in the exudates from germinating seeds. Phytochemistry 39: 1031—1032.
Yongqing MA,2005. Allelopathic studies of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.),Weed Biology and Management 5: 93–104.
Zhang B. Ch., Bai X. F., Gu L. H., 1989. Study on allelopathy and natural degradation phenomena of artificial grassland in alpine meadow. Act. Eco. Sin., 9(2): 115- 119 (in Chinese)
Zwain K.H.Y., Alsaadawi I.S. and Shahata H.A. 1999. Effect of decomposing wheat residues on growth and biological nitrogen fixation of blue green age. Allelopathy J. 6: 13–20.