橡胶集料混凝土渗透性能研究
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摘要
橡胶集料混凝土(砂浆)作为一种新型混凝土(砂浆)材料,已有的研究结果表明,其具有低弹模、大变形、高阻尼、能量耗散多及很好的抗裂性等诸多优点。在橡胶集料混凝土表现出良好的力学性能下,对橡胶集料混凝土的抗渗性,抗冻性,耐腐蚀性等混凝土的耐久性研究就很有必要。本文对橡胶集料混凝土的抗渗性能进行了初步研究。通过对掺入较高比例的橡胶集料混凝土(最高可达150kg/m3)进行的抗渗试验,分析较高掺量的橡胶集料混凝土的抗渗性能。
为研究橡胶微粒对混凝土渗透性的影响以及各种类型混凝土的强度与渗透性之间的关系,作者测试了不同橡胶微粒掺量的普通混凝土与粉煤灰混凝土,不同水灰比的橡胶混凝土的渗透性。以橡胶取代砂石,橡胶微粒的掺量(体积比)分别为0、5%、10%、15%,即每立方米中橡胶微粒的含量。试验结果表明,实验所用的橡胶集料混凝土的抗渗性能较普通混凝土有较大的提高。其中掺量为5%的一组橡胶集料混凝土的抗渗性能较好。
讨论了橡胶集料混凝土的渗透性与强度之间的关系,橡胶集料混凝土的渗透性能与其强度仍具有一定的线性相关性。并对橡胶集料在改变混凝土的微观孔结构,阻止液体渗入混凝土内部的机理进行了初步的探索。认为由于橡胶微粒的存在,改变了混凝土的微观孔结构,对混凝土的渗透性能产生了一定的影响。
根据神经网络原理,建立一个3层的BP神经网络模型,通过的对试验数据的训练,得到混凝土渗透系数的拟合曲线,试验曲线和拟合曲线对比较好的反映了橡胶集料混凝土渗透性的变化规律。
Crumb Rubber Concrete (CRC) or Mortar (CRM) is a new type of concrete or mortar with the characteristics of low Young’s Modulus, large deformation, high energy dissipation and great crack resistance. It is necessary to study the permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete. The primary study on permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete was included .The permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete was analyzed by the study on permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete with more crumb rubber (max to 150kg/m3).
Because I want to know influence on permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete and the relation between the intensity of pressure and permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete. The rubber replaces the stone and sand. And the rubber motes’volume ratio is 0、5%、10%、15%, is the contents of rubber mote in every stere. The outcome of the study indicated the resistance to permeation of Crumb Rubber Concrete is improved remarkably. And the 5% Crumb Rubber Concrete has better permeability.
It was discussed that the correlation between permeability and compressive strength of Crumb Rubber Concrete. And have a primary research on the microstructure of Crumb Rubber Concrete and the mechanism of preventing liquid into concrete.
Based on neural network, a three layers BP neural network model was given to forecast the permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete. The model was trained according to the test date. The results show that curves obtained by BP neural network model have preferable accuracy. So it could be used to predict the permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete.
为研究橡胶微粒对混凝土渗透性的影响以及各种类型混凝土的强度与渗透性之间的关系,作者测试了不同橡胶微粒掺量的普通混凝土与粉煤灰混凝土,不同水灰比的橡胶混凝土的渗透性。以橡胶取代砂石,橡胶微粒的掺量(体积比)分别为0、5%、10%、15%,即每立方米中橡胶微粒的含量。试验结果表明,实验所用的橡胶集料混凝土的抗渗性能较普通混凝土有较大的提高。其中掺量为5%的一组橡胶集料混凝土的抗渗性能较好。
讨论了橡胶集料混凝土的渗透性与强度之间的关系,橡胶集料混凝土的渗透性能与其强度仍具有一定的线性相关性。并对橡胶集料在改变混凝土的微观孔结构,阻止液体渗入混凝土内部的机理进行了初步的探索。认为由于橡胶微粒的存在,改变了混凝土的微观孔结构,对混凝土的渗透性能产生了一定的影响。
根据神经网络原理,建立一个3层的BP神经网络模型,通过的对试验数据的训练,得到混凝土渗透系数的拟合曲线,试验曲线和拟合曲线对比较好的反映了橡胶集料混凝土渗透性的变化规律。
Crumb Rubber Concrete (CRC) or Mortar (CRM) is a new type of concrete or mortar with the characteristics of low Young’s Modulus, large deformation, high energy dissipation and great crack resistance. It is necessary to study the permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete. The primary study on permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete was included .The permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete was analyzed by the study on permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete with more crumb rubber (max to 150kg/m3).
Because I want to know influence on permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete and the relation between the intensity of pressure and permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete. The rubber replaces the stone and sand. And the rubber motes’volume ratio is 0、5%、10%、15%, is the contents of rubber mote in every stere. The outcome of the study indicated the resistance to permeation of Crumb Rubber Concrete is improved remarkably. And the 5% Crumb Rubber Concrete has better permeability.
It was discussed that the correlation between permeability and compressive strength of Crumb Rubber Concrete. And have a primary research on the microstructure of Crumb Rubber Concrete and the mechanism of preventing liquid into concrete.
Based on neural network, a three layers BP neural network model was given to forecast the permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete. The model was trained according to the test date. The results show that curves obtained by BP neural network model have preferable accuracy. So it could be used to predict the permeability of Crumb Rubber Concrete.
引文
[1] Han Zhu, Adding Crumb Rubber into Exterior Wall Materials .Waste Management and Research,2003,20:407-413
[2] Han Zhu, Rubber Crumbs in Concrete, Concrete Technology Today, 2003, 135(8): 30-33
[3] Zhu, H. Crumb Rubber Concrete, Rapra Handbook on Polymers Use in Construction, Rapra Technology, Shawbury, UK, edited Gune Ri AKOVLI, 2004,
[4] 冯乃谦,邢锋.高性能混凝土技术[M].北京:原子能出版社,2000,80~260
[5] 刘春生,朱涵,李志国,张军,袁琳,橡胶细集料水泥砂浆基本性能研究,混凝土,2005,(7):38-42
[6] 朱涵, 新型弹性混凝土的研究综述, 天津建设科技, 2004,14(2):35-37
[7] Hernandez-Olivares, F., Barluenga, G., Bollati, M. and Witoszek, B. Static and dynamic behavior of recycled tyre rubber-filled concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 2002, 32 (10):1587~1596.
[8] Thong-On, N.. Crumb Rubber in Mortar Cement Application, Master, Arizona State University, 2001.
[9] Khatib, Zaher K., & Bayomy, Fouad M. Rubberized Portland Cement Concrete, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, August, 1999, 206~213.
[10] 袁琳,朱涵,橡胶微粒钢筋混凝土梁受弯性能初探,混凝土,2005,(6):77-81
[11] 宋少民,轲红娟,金树新,橡胶粉改性的高韧性混凝土研究,混凝土与水泥制品,1997, (1): 10-12
[12] Lulu Basheer, Joerg Kropp and David J.Cleland. Assessment of the durability of concrete from its permeation properties:a review. Construction and Building Materials,2001,15:93~103
[13] 吴中伟,廉慧珍. 高性能混凝土. 北京:中国铁道出版社,1999:220～231
[14] 刘鹤年. 流体力学. 北京:中国建筑工艺出版社,2001:237～241
[15] 普通混凝土长期性能和耐久性能试验方法(GBJ82-1985).中华人民共和国国家标准.北京,1999
[16] 水工混凝土试验规程(SD 105-82).中华人民共和国国家标准.北京,1999
[17] 丁子上.硅酸盐物理化学.北京,1983:287～286
[18] L.Tong and O.E.Gjorv. Chloride diffusivity based on migration testing. Cement and Concrete Research. 2001,31:983～982
[19] 牛全林,冯乃谦,李崇智. 影响混凝土 CL-导电量诸因素的分析. 混凝土,2004(1):32～35
[20] D.Whiting.Rapid measurement of the chloride permeability of concrete. Public Roads,1981,45(3)
[21] AASHTO Designation T277-83. Standard Method of Test for Rapid Determination of the Chloride Permeability of Concrete.
[22] ASTM C1202-91. Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete’s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration
[23] 亢景付,金秋莲,王家瑛,刘欣梅. GH 矿粉对粉煤灰混凝土的增强效果[J].天津大学学报,2005,38(6):543-546.
[24] 普通混凝土拌合物性能试验方法标准(GB/T 50080-2002)中华人民共和国国家标准.北京,1999
[25] 普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准(GB/T 50081-2002)中华人民共和国国家标准.北京,1999
[26] 冯乃谦 主编,实用混凝土大全[M].北京. 科学出版社.2001.719-713
[27] 欧兴进,朱涵. 橡胶集料混凝土氯离子渗透试验研究[J].混凝土,2006,3:46-49
[28] 候浩波.碾压混凝土孔结构与渗透特性的分析研究.[博士学位论文],武汉:武汉大学,2000
[29] 吴中伟.高性能混凝土[M].北京,中国铁道出版社,1999,22-25
[30] Mehta P.K. Concrete: structure, properties, and materials. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc,1986,50
[31] 方坤河,周定荣.天生桥二级水电站坝体碾压混凝土配合比设计及现场质量监督控.水力发电,1989,(1):17-22
[32] 冯乃谦 等译,高性能混凝土的耐久性.1998(1),科学出版社,9-53
[33] 黄士元,蒋家奋,杨南如等.近代混凝土技术.西安:陕西科学出版社,1998
[34] A.Abbas. Permeability of Mortars and the Degree of Saturation. 1er recontre International de Toulouse, 1998
[35] P.K.Mahta, D.Manmohan. Pore size distribution and permeability of hardened cement paste. 7th International Symposium of the Chemistry of Cement, Paris,Ш,Paris: International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement, 1980:1-5
[36] B.K.Marsh. Relationship between engineering properties and micro structural properties of hardened cement paste containing PFA as a partial cement replacement. Ph.D thesis, Hatfield Polytechnic, 1984
[37] 李淑进,赵铁军,吴科如. 混凝土渗透性与微观结构的关系的研究. 混凝土与水泥制品,2004,2:6-8
[38] 赵铁军.高性能混凝土的渗透性研究[博士学位论文]. 清华大学,1994
[39] 赵铁军,朱金铨,冯乃谦. 混凝土孔隙分析中的表征参数. 全国水泥基复合材料科学与技术学术讨论会论文,北京,1999:99-102
[40] P.Mehta. Study on Blended Portland Cement Containing Santorin Earth. Cement and Concrete Reseach,1981,1:575-579
[41] 廉慧珍,童良,陈恩义. 建筑材料物相研究基础.北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[42] 吴中伟,廉慧珍.高性能混凝土. 北京:中国铁道出版社,1999
[43] 王培铭. 无机非金属材料学[M].上海同济大学出版社,1999:57-58
[44] 陈立军,王永平,尹新生,张丹.混凝土孔径尺寸对其抗渗性的影响[J].2005,4 500-505
[45] Christensen.Bruce J et a1.Comparison of measured and calculated perm abilities for hardened cement pastes,Cement an d Concrete Research,1996.26(9)
[46] Katz A.Z Thor n A.H Prediction of rock electrical conductivity.1998
[47] 陈祥光,裴旭东 主编,人工神经网络技术及应用[M].北京.中国电力出版社
[48] MartinT .Hagan, Howard B .Demuth, Mark H .Beale.神经网络设计[M] 戴葵等译.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[49] 王继宗,倪宏光.基于 BP 神经网络的水泥抗压强度预测研究[Pl.硅酸盐学报,1999,27(4):408-414
[50] 杨保安,季海.基于人工神经网络的商业银行贷款风险预警研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2001,(5):70-74
[51] 范颖芳,周晶.腐蚀钢筋混凝土梁极限承载力神经网络预测[J].大连理工大学学报,2003,43(3):349-353
[52] 从爽.面向 MATLAB 工具箱的神经网络理论与应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1998
[2] Han Zhu, Rubber Crumbs in Concrete, Concrete Technology Today, 2003, 135(8): 30-33
[3] Zhu, H. Crumb Rubber Concrete, Rapra Handbook on Polymers Use in Construction, Rapra Technology, Shawbury, UK, edited Gune Ri AKOVLI, 2004,
[4] 冯乃谦,邢锋.高性能混凝土技术[M].北京:原子能出版社,2000,80~260
[5] 刘春生,朱涵,李志国,张军,袁琳,橡胶细集料水泥砂浆基本性能研究,混凝土,2005,(7):38-42
[6] 朱涵, 新型弹性混凝土的研究综述, 天津建设科技, 2004,14(2):35-37
[7] Hernandez-Olivares, F., Barluenga, G., Bollati, M. and Witoszek, B. Static and dynamic behavior of recycled tyre rubber-filled concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 2002, 32 (10):1587~1596.
[8] Thong-On, N.. Crumb Rubber in Mortar Cement Application, Master, Arizona State University, 2001.
[9] Khatib, Zaher K., & Bayomy, Fouad M. Rubberized Portland Cement Concrete, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, August, 1999, 206~213.
[10] 袁琳,朱涵,橡胶微粒钢筋混凝土梁受弯性能初探,混凝土,2005,(6):77-81
[11] 宋少民,轲红娟,金树新,橡胶粉改性的高韧性混凝土研究,混凝土与水泥制品,1997, (1): 10-12
[12] Lulu Basheer, Joerg Kropp and David J.Cleland. Assessment of the durability of concrete from its permeation properties:a review. Construction and Building Materials,2001,15:93~103
[13] 吴中伟,廉慧珍. 高性能混凝土. 北京:中国铁道出版社,1999:220～231
[14] 刘鹤年. 流体力学. 北京:中国建筑工艺出版社,2001:237～241
[15] 普通混凝土长期性能和耐久性能试验方法(GBJ82-1985).中华人民共和国国家标准.北京,1999
[16] 水工混凝土试验规程(SD 105-82).中华人民共和国国家标准.北京,1999
[17] 丁子上.硅酸盐物理化学.北京,1983:287～286
[18] L.Tong and O.E.Gjorv. Chloride diffusivity based on migration testing. Cement and Concrete Research. 2001,31:983～982
[19] 牛全林,冯乃谦,李崇智. 影响混凝土 CL-导电量诸因素的分析. 混凝土,2004(1):32～35
[20] D.Whiting.Rapid measurement of the chloride permeability of concrete. Public Roads,1981,45(3)
[21] AASHTO Designation T277-83. Standard Method of Test for Rapid Determination of the Chloride Permeability of Concrete.
[22] ASTM C1202-91. Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete’s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration
[23] 亢景付,金秋莲,王家瑛,刘欣梅. GH 矿粉对粉煤灰混凝土的增强效果[J].天津大学学报,2005,38(6):543-546.
[24] 普通混凝土拌合物性能试验方法标准(GB/T 50080-2002)中华人民共和国国家标准.北京,1999
[25] 普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准(GB/T 50081-2002)中华人民共和国国家标准.北京,1999
[26] 冯乃谦 主编,实用混凝土大全[M].北京. 科学出版社.2001.719-713
[27] 欧兴进,朱涵. 橡胶集料混凝土氯离子渗透试验研究[J].混凝土,2006,3:46-49
[28] 候浩波.碾压混凝土孔结构与渗透特性的分析研究.[博士学位论文],武汉:武汉大学,2000
[29] 吴中伟.高性能混凝土[M].北京,中国铁道出版社,1999,22-25
[30] Mehta P.K. Concrete: structure, properties, and materials. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc,1986,50
[31] 方坤河,周定荣.天生桥二级水电站坝体碾压混凝土配合比设计及现场质量监督控.水力发电,1989,(1):17-22
[32] 冯乃谦 等译,高性能混凝土的耐久性.1998(1),科学出版社,9-53
[33] 黄士元,蒋家奋,杨南如等.近代混凝土技术.西安:陕西科学出版社,1998
[34] A.Abbas. Permeability of Mortars and the Degree of Saturation. 1er recontre International de Toulouse, 1998
[35] P.K.Mahta, D.Manmohan. Pore size distribution and permeability of hardened cement paste. 7th International Symposium of the Chemistry of Cement, Paris,Ш,Paris: International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement, 1980:1-5
[36] B.K.Marsh. Relationship between engineering properties and micro structural properties of hardened cement paste containing PFA as a partial cement replacement. Ph.D thesis, Hatfield Polytechnic, 1984
[37] 李淑进,赵铁军,吴科如. 混凝土渗透性与微观结构的关系的研究. 混凝土与水泥制品,2004,2:6-8
[38] 赵铁军.高性能混凝土的渗透性研究[博士学位论文]. 清华大学,1994
[39] 赵铁军,朱金铨,冯乃谦. 混凝土孔隙分析中的表征参数. 全国水泥基复合材料科学与技术学术讨论会论文,北京,1999:99-102
[40] P.Mehta. Study on Blended Portland Cement Containing Santorin Earth. Cement and Concrete Reseach,1981,1:575-579
[41] 廉慧珍,童良,陈恩义. 建筑材料物相研究基础.北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[42] 吴中伟,廉慧珍.高性能混凝土. 北京:中国铁道出版社,1999
[43] 王培铭. 无机非金属材料学[M].上海同济大学出版社,1999:57-58
[44] 陈立军,王永平,尹新生,张丹.混凝土孔径尺寸对其抗渗性的影响[J].2005,4 500-505
[45] Christensen.Bruce J et a1.Comparison of measured and calculated perm abilities for hardened cement pastes,Cement an d Concrete Research,1996.26(9)
[46] Katz A.Z Thor n A.H Prediction of rock electrical conductivity.1998
[47] 陈祥光,裴旭东 主编,人工神经网络技术及应用[M].北京.中国电力出版社
[48] MartinT .Hagan, Howard B .Demuth, Mark H .Beale.神经网络设计[M] 戴葵等译.北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[49] 王继宗,倪宏光.基于 BP 神经网络的水泥抗压强度预测研究[Pl.硅酸盐学报,1999,27(4):408-414
[50] 杨保安,季海.基于人工神经网络的商业银行贷款风险预警研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2001,(5):70-74
[51] 范颖芳,周晶.腐蚀钢筋混凝土梁极限承载力神经网络预测[J].大连理工大学学报,2003,43(3):349-353
[52] 从爽.面向 MATLAB 工具箱的神经网络理论与应用[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1998