橡胶集料钢筋混凝土简支梁及框架抗震研究
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摘要
橡胶集料混凝土又称为弹性混凝土,它是一种环保的新型建筑材料。橡胶集料混凝土以其特有的抗裂性、稳定性、耐腐蚀和疲劳寿命长等特性,再加上一些有说服力的工程实践,已经在道路铺设等领域取得了一席之地。
如果在建筑结构中加以利用,与普通混凝土相比的明显优势便是其较好的延性性能。我们关心的问题是:与普通混凝土相比,在结构中应用橡胶集料混凝土,在不增大截面面积和不增加配筋的情况下,其承载力会不会大幅度降低,其较好的延性性能主要体现是什么?
本文所作的研究是依据前人的橡胶集料掺量为100kg/m~3 ~150kg/m~3的橡胶集料混凝土的一系列材性实验和一些现有的文献成果进行的。
基于普通混凝土的理论基础,采用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS对两组分别用普通混凝土和橡胶集料混凝土制作的共四根钢筋混凝土简支梁进行了全面分析和比较。每组的两根梁截面不同、配筋率相同。探讨了强度等级为C35的橡胶集料钢筋混凝土梁的正截面受弯承载力极限值,同时,还得出了其挠度延性系数、塑性铰长度、截面曲率延性系数和受压区高度等的值,并与相同强度等级的普通混凝土进行了比较。得出了将橡胶集料混凝土用于受弯构件,会带来较好延性的结论。
论文最后,针对两种用不同材料制作的框架,一种是全部用普通混凝土,一种是横梁用橡胶集料混凝土而柱仍用普通混凝土,采用规范法对其抗震性能进行了初步的对比研究。得出了部分延性构件采用橡胶集料混凝土会明显改善结构延性的结论。
Crumb Rubber Concrete (CRC) which is also called Elastic Concrete, is a kind of environmental material. CRC shows a characteristic of being high in ductility, energy absorption and larger compressive failure strain. In comparison to controlled concrete, CRC exhibits a higher value of strain energy. There have been lots of convictive projects in the field of road building.
On the assumption of making it to building structure, the CRC should put up perfect ductility. With the same cross-section area and the same ratio of reinforcement, will the limit of bearing capacity be smaller. Which aspects will show better ductility?
Based on a series of material experiments and some existing document results, through ANSYS (analysis software), this paper makes a full analysis and comparison of two groups of reinforced beams made up by different kind of concrete. The concretes be used have the same compressive strength. One group is made up of controlled concrete, and the other is made up of CRC. The two beams of each group have different cross-section and the same ratio of reinforcement.
This paper concludes the limit bending bearing capacity, deflection ductility factor and cross-section curvature ductility, the length of plastic hinge and so on. From all of these, this paper concludes that reinforced beams made up of Crumb Rubber Concrete have better ductility.
At last, the paper has a contrast of two frames through the method of the code for seismic design of building provided. One frame is made up of controlled concrete; the other is made up of two kinds of concrete. The cross beams are CRC and the columns are controlled concrete still. The result is that the frame with CRC beams has better ductility.
如果在建筑结构中加以利用,与普通混凝土相比的明显优势便是其较好的延性性能。我们关心的问题是:与普通混凝土相比,在结构中应用橡胶集料混凝土,在不增大截面面积和不增加配筋的情况下,其承载力会不会大幅度降低,其较好的延性性能主要体现是什么?
本文所作的研究是依据前人的橡胶集料掺量为100kg/m~3 ~150kg/m~3的橡胶集料混凝土的一系列材性实验和一些现有的文献成果进行的。
基于普通混凝土的理论基础,采用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS对两组分别用普通混凝土和橡胶集料混凝土制作的共四根钢筋混凝土简支梁进行了全面分析和比较。每组的两根梁截面不同、配筋率相同。探讨了强度等级为C35的橡胶集料钢筋混凝土梁的正截面受弯承载力极限值,同时,还得出了其挠度延性系数、塑性铰长度、截面曲率延性系数和受压区高度等的值,并与相同强度等级的普通混凝土进行了比较。得出了将橡胶集料混凝土用于受弯构件,会带来较好延性的结论。
论文最后,针对两种用不同材料制作的框架,一种是全部用普通混凝土,一种是横梁用橡胶集料混凝土而柱仍用普通混凝土,采用规范法对其抗震性能进行了初步的对比研究。得出了部分延性构件采用橡胶集料混凝土会明显改善结构延性的结论。
Crumb Rubber Concrete (CRC) which is also called Elastic Concrete, is a kind of environmental material. CRC shows a characteristic of being high in ductility, energy absorption and larger compressive failure strain. In comparison to controlled concrete, CRC exhibits a higher value of strain energy. There have been lots of convictive projects in the field of road building.
On the assumption of making it to building structure, the CRC should put up perfect ductility. With the same cross-section area and the same ratio of reinforcement, will the limit of bearing capacity be smaller. Which aspects will show better ductility?
Based on a series of material experiments and some existing document results, through ANSYS (analysis software), this paper makes a full analysis and comparison of two groups of reinforced beams made up by different kind of concrete. The concretes be used have the same compressive strength. One group is made up of controlled concrete, and the other is made up of CRC. The two beams of each group have different cross-section and the same ratio of reinforcement.
This paper concludes the limit bending bearing capacity, deflection ductility factor and cross-section curvature ductility, the length of plastic hinge and so on. From all of these, this paper concludes that reinforced beams made up of Crumb Rubber Concrete have better ductility.
At last, the paper has a contrast of two frames through the method of the code for seismic design of building provided. One frame is made up of controlled concrete; the other is made up of two kinds of concrete. The cross beams are CRC and the columns are controlled concrete still. The result is that the frame with CRC beams has better ductility.
引文
[1] 朱涵,新型弹性混凝土的研究综述,天津建材科技,2004,14(2):35-37
[2] Han Zhu, Adding Crumb Rubber into Exterior Wall Materials.Waste Management and Research, 2003, 20: 407-413
[3] Han Zhu, Rubber Crumbs in Concrete, Concrete Technology Today, 2003, 135(8): 30-33
[4] Zhu, H. Crumb Rubber Concrete, Rapra Handbook on Polymers Use in Construction, Rapra Technology, Shawbury, UK, edited Gune Ri AKOVLI, 2004
[5] 袁琳,橡胶集料钢筋混凝土构件受弯性能初探:[硕士学位论文],天津; 天津大学,2005
[6] Eldin N N,Senouci A B,Rubber-Tire Particles as Concrete Aggregate,Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,1993,5(4):478-496 Savas B Z,Ahmad S,Fedroff D,Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete with
[7] Ground Waste Tire Rubber,Transportation Research Record,1997,1574:80-88
[8] Khatib Z K,Bayomy F M,Rubberized Portland Cement Concrete,Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,1999,11(3):206-213
[9] Hernandez-Olivares F,Barluenga G,Bollati M,et al,Static and Dynamic Behaviour of Recycled Tyre Rubber-Filled Concrete,Cement and Concrete Research, 2002,32(10):1587-1596
[10] 袁琳,橡胶集料钢筋混凝土梁受弯性能初探,混凝土,2005,(6):70-76
[11] 刘春生,朱涵,李志国,等,橡胶细集料水泥砂浆基本性能研究,混凝土,2005,(7):38-42
[12] 许静,朱涵,刘春生,等,橡胶集料混凝土阻尼比的初步试验研究,混凝土,2005,(11):40-42
[13] 宋少民,刘娟红,金树新,橡胶粉改性的高韧性混凝土研究,混凝土与水泥制品,1997,(1):10-12
[14] 过镇海,钢筋混凝土原理,北京:清华大学出版社,1985:366~393
[15] 周氐,康清梁,童保全,现代钢筋混凝土基本理论,上海:上海交通大学出版社,1985:366-393
[16] 王铁成,混凝土结构原理,天津:天津大学出版社,2002.9
[17] 中华人民共和国建设部、国家质量监督检验检疫总局,GB 50011-2001 建筑抗震设计规范,中华人民共和国国家标准,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.10
[18] 郝文化,ANSYS 土木工程应用实例,北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005
[19] 江见鲸,钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析,西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1994
[20] ANSYS 理论手册,ANSYS 公司
[21] A.L.L.BAKER,A.M.N.Amarakone. Inelastic hyperstatic frames analysis.in:ASCE-ACI , eds. Proceedings of the international symposium on flexural mechanics of reinforced concrete. Miami: ASCE-ACI,1964: 85-142
[22] W G .Corley .Rotational capacity of reinforced concrete beams .Journal of Structural Division,ASCE,ST5,1966(10): 121-146
[23] H.A.Sawyer.Design of concrete frames for two failure states. in: ASCE-ACI, eds.Proceedings of the international symposium on flexural mechanics of reinforced concrete. Miami:1964:405-431
[24] 胡德炘，钢筋混凝土结构塑性铰的试验研究，超静定钢筋混凝土结构塑性内力重分布研究报告集,1963:21-32
[25] 朱伯龙、董振祥,钢筋混凝土非线性分析,上海,同济大学出版社,1985:42-49
[26] WG.Corley. Rotational capacity of reinforced concrete beams.Journal of Sstructure Division,ASCE,ST5,1966(10): 121-146
[27] 沈聚敏,翁义军,钢筋混凝土构件的变形和延性,清华大学抗震抗爆工程研究室
[28] 高振世,庞同和,钢筋混凝土框架单元的延性和塑性铰性能,南京工学院学报,1987(17):106-117
[29] 王福明,曾建民,段炼,太原工业大学学报,1989(20):20-29
[30] 龚思礼,建筑抗震设计手册,北京,中国建筑工业出版社,2002.11
[31] 王传志,滕智明,钢筋混凝土结构理论,北京,中国建筑工业出版社,1983.11
[32] 中华人民共和国建设部,GB 50010-2002 混凝土结构设计规范,中华人民共和国国家标准,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.3
[33] 蒋科卫,材料特性对混凝土构件延性的影响:[硕士学位论文],上海; 同济大学,2006
[34] GB1499-1998,钢筋混凝土用热轧带肋钢筋,中华人民共和国国家标准,北京:中国标准出版社,1998
[35] 李强,预应力及非预应力 CRC 短梁正截面抗裂性能研究:[硕士学位论文],天津; 天津大学,2007
[36] 许静,橡胶集料混凝土阻尼测试及框架结构设计分析:[硕士学位论文],天津; 天津大学,2006
[2] Han Zhu, Adding Crumb Rubber into Exterior Wall Materials.Waste Management and Research, 2003, 20: 407-413
[3] Han Zhu, Rubber Crumbs in Concrete, Concrete Technology Today, 2003, 135(8): 30-33
[4] Zhu, H. Crumb Rubber Concrete, Rapra Handbook on Polymers Use in Construction, Rapra Technology, Shawbury, UK, edited Gune Ri AKOVLI, 2004
[5] 袁琳,橡胶集料钢筋混凝土构件受弯性能初探:[硕士学位论文],天津; 天津大学,2005
[6] Eldin N N,Senouci A B,Rubber-Tire Particles as Concrete Aggregate,Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,1993,5(4):478-496 Savas B Z,Ahmad S,Fedroff D,Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete with
[7] Ground Waste Tire Rubber,Transportation Research Record,1997,1574:80-88
[8] Khatib Z K,Bayomy F M,Rubberized Portland Cement Concrete,Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,1999,11(3):206-213
[9] Hernandez-Olivares F,Barluenga G,Bollati M,et al,Static and Dynamic Behaviour of Recycled Tyre Rubber-Filled Concrete,Cement and Concrete Research, 2002,32(10):1587-1596
[10] 袁琳,橡胶集料钢筋混凝土梁受弯性能初探,混凝土,2005,(6):70-76
[11] 刘春生,朱涵,李志国,等,橡胶细集料水泥砂浆基本性能研究,混凝土,2005,(7):38-42
[12] 许静,朱涵,刘春生,等,橡胶集料混凝土阻尼比的初步试验研究,混凝土,2005,(11):40-42
[13] 宋少民,刘娟红,金树新,橡胶粉改性的高韧性混凝土研究,混凝土与水泥制品,1997,(1):10-12
[14] 过镇海,钢筋混凝土原理,北京:清华大学出版社,1985:366~393
[15] 周氐,康清梁,童保全,现代钢筋混凝土基本理论,上海:上海交通大学出版社,1985:366-393
[16] 王铁成,混凝土结构原理,天津:天津大学出版社,2002.9
[17] 中华人民共和国建设部、国家质量监督检验检疫总局,GB 50011-2001 建筑抗震设计规范,中华人民共和国国家标准,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.10
[18] 郝文化,ANSYS 土木工程应用实例,北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005
[19] 江见鲸,钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析,西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1994
[20] ANSYS 理论手册,ANSYS 公司
[21] A.L.L.BAKER,A.M.N.Amarakone. Inelastic hyperstatic frames analysis.in:ASCE-ACI , eds. Proceedings of the international symposium on flexural mechanics of reinforced concrete. Miami: ASCE-ACI,1964: 85-142
[22] W G .Corley .Rotational capacity of reinforced concrete beams .Journal of Structural Division,ASCE,ST5,1966(10): 121-146
[23] H.A.Sawyer.Design of concrete frames for two failure states. in: ASCE-ACI, eds.Proceedings of the international symposium on flexural mechanics of reinforced concrete. Miami:1964:405-431
[24] 胡德炘，钢筋混凝土结构塑性铰的试验研究，超静定钢筋混凝土结构塑性内力重分布研究报告集,1963:21-32
[25] 朱伯龙、董振祥,钢筋混凝土非线性分析,上海,同济大学出版社,1985:42-49
[26] WG.Corley. Rotational capacity of reinforced concrete beams.Journal of Sstructure Division,ASCE,ST5,1966(10): 121-146
[27] 沈聚敏,翁义军,钢筋混凝土构件的变形和延性,清华大学抗震抗爆工程研究室
[28] 高振世,庞同和,钢筋混凝土框架单元的延性和塑性铰性能,南京工学院学报,1987(17):106-117
[29] 王福明,曾建民,段炼,太原工业大学学报,1989(20):20-29
[30] 龚思礼,建筑抗震设计手册,北京,中国建筑工业出版社,2002.11
[31] 王传志,滕智明,钢筋混凝土结构理论,北京,中国建筑工业出版社,1983.11
[32] 中华人民共和国建设部,GB 50010-2002 混凝土结构设计规范,中华人民共和国国家标准,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.3
[33] 蒋科卫,材料特性对混凝土构件延性的影响:[硕士学位论文],上海; 同济大学,2006
[34] GB1499-1998,钢筋混凝土用热轧带肋钢筋,中华人民共和国国家标准,北京:中国标准出版社,1998
[35] 李强,预应力及非预应力 CRC 短梁正截面抗裂性能研究:[硕士学位论文],天津; 天津大学,2007
[36] 许静,橡胶集料混凝土阻尼测试及框架结构设计分析:[硕士学位论文],天津; 天津大学,2006