基于Visual Modflow煤层底板灰岩水疏放性研究
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摘要
本文研究区为卧龙湖煤矿首采区,其总面积约3.48km~2。首采位于山西组中部的10煤。首采区范围内10煤下方约50m以下为太原群多层灰岩岩溶含水层,其岩溶发育。经计算10煤层底板灰岩水水压在0.24MPa～5.6MPa之间;太原组灰岩顶水压在2.8MPa～6.0MPa之间;首采区10煤层底板灰岩水突水系数在0.06MPa/m～0.16MPa/m之间,大于0.06MPa/m。得出太灰水是10煤开采时矿井充水的重要水害。针对首采区开采10煤层时底板太原组灰岩水害,为实现10煤层安全开采,本文开展了煤层底板灰岩水疏放性研究。
由于研究区未开展灰岩水的放水试验,本文完成了基于Visual Modflow软件的研究区井下钻孔放水的数值模拟及结果分析,得到了水位降深分布规律,为10煤开采过程中太灰水放水降压提供理论依据。
本论文建立在卧龙湖煤矿已有地质、水文地质资料的基础上。通过分析研究区水文地质特征,地下水动态特征,概化了岩溶含水介质系统,建立了卧龙湖煤矿首采区的水文地质概念模型即均质各向异性的双层结构承压含水层三维非稳定流模型。并在此基础上,进一步建立了符合实际情况的三维地下水流数学模型。采用了国际先进的Visual Modflow软件对该区进行了地下水流数值运算,模拟了地下水流场的变化规律。此外还在数值模型上进行了井下疏放研究,模拟了在不同的放水量和放水时间情况下的水位降深分布。根据数值模拟结果,设计了首采区放水孔的位置、数量及所需放水时间的方案:卧龙湖煤矿首采区岩巷中设计三口井,最大抽放量为1320m3/d,在30～90天中水位降深变化为20～135m,效果显著。评价了首采区太灰水疏放方案,能够达到首采区疏放水降压的预期目标,表明在研究区可以进行疏水降压防治措施。对疏放方案的验证结果,表明所建模型能够较好地反映本区的实际水文地质条件。
综上所述,本论文探索出适合本研究区的地下水流数值模型,把Visual Modflow软件应用到底板灰岩水的防治技术和方法当中,为煤矿安全开采选择合适的防治措施,合理布置放水降压孔的位置,准确地计算放水量,达到安全高效开采提供了重要依据。
The study area of this paper is the first mining district of Wolonghu coal mine which covers 3.84km2. The first mining coalbed is coalbed NO.10 in the middle of the Shanxi formation. The Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer abounds karst, which below 50 meters under coalbed NO.10 in the first mining district. The limestone water pressure of coalbed NO.10 floor was calculated, which is between 0.24MPa and 5.6MPa while the water-pressure of the Taiyuan formation limestone roof is between 2.8MPa and 6.0MPa. The water bursting coefficient of coalbed NO.10 floor of the first mining district is between 0.06MPa/m and 0.16MPa/m, which exceeds 0.06MPa/m. So the Taiyuan formation limestone water is the most important water hazard in Wolonghu coal mine during mining coalbed NO.10. In this paper, mining safety was implemented during mining coalbed NO.10, against limestone water hazard of the first mining district of Wolonghu coal mine under coalbed NO.10 floor. So the study of drainage limestone water under coalbed NO.10 floor was carried out.
Because of the pumping test of limestone water is not carried out for the study area,the numerical simulation of underground boring's drainage course for the study area is carried on by use of Visual Modflow in this article, the results are also analyzed in this article. the drawdown distribution of water level are obtained, which can supply the theory gist for pumping and depressurizing of Taiyuan formation 's limestone water in the process of mining coalbed No.10.
Based on the analysis of geological and hydrological data of Wolonghu coalmine, karst water-bearing media system was generalized and the hydrogeological conceptual model of the first mining district of Wolonghu coal mine was set up by analyzing the hydrogeological characteristics and the dynamic characteristics of groundwater of the study area. The model is homogeneous anisotropy, double-decker and confined of 3D unsteady fluid flow model. Furthermore, a more dependable 3D groundwater mathematical model was set up on this model. The numerical simulation of groundwater was researched by the international advanced Visual Modflow software and simulates groundwater flow field changing regularities. Moreover,the study of underground drainage research was proceed in the simulation model. The drawdown distribution of water level under different drainage capacity and time are simulated, according to the numerical modeling results, the scheme of dewatering orifice's position, quantity and required drainage time are designed: when dispose three dewatering orifices in the rock drift of the first mining district, and the maxima drainage capacity is 1320m3/d, at 30～90 days the water level drawdown varied can attain to 20～135m, of which the effect is versus prominence. The drainage program of Taiyuan formation limestone water of the study area is appraised in this article; it can reach the desired rates of drainage depressurizing for the study area, and indicate that it is approvable to carry on the drainage depressurizing prevention and cure water measure. After verification of the drainage program, the result of the simulation indicated that the model accorded with the local actual hydrogeological very well.
Above all, the groundwater numerical model which fit the study area was explored and application of Visual Modflow software to the prevention technologies of the coal floor limestone water. In order to prevent the coal floor water bursting during mining coalbed NO.10 and realize safely and efficiently production, the property of dredging of the coal floor limestone water was studied, the location of depressing bore was suggested, suitable control measures were selected and drainage quantity was calculated.
由于研究区未开展灰岩水的放水试验,本文完成了基于Visual Modflow软件的研究区井下钻孔放水的数值模拟及结果分析,得到了水位降深分布规律,为10煤开采过程中太灰水放水降压提供理论依据。
本论文建立在卧龙湖煤矿已有地质、水文地质资料的基础上。通过分析研究区水文地质特征,地下水动态特征,概化了岩溶含水介质系统,建立了卧龙湖煤矿首采区的水文地质概念模型即均质各向异性的双层结构承压含水层三维非稳定流模型。并在此基础上,进一步建立了符合实际情况的三维地下水流数学模型。采用了国际先进的Visual Modflow软件对该区进行了地下水流数值运算,模拟了地下水流场的变化规律。此外还在数值模型上进行了井下疏放研究,模拟了在不同的放水量和放水时间情况下的水位降深分布。根据数值模拟结果,设计了首采区放水孔的位置、数量及所需放水时间的方案:卧龙湖煤矿首采区岩巷中设计三口井,最大抽放量为1320m3/d,在30～90天中水位降深变化为20～135m,效果显著。评价了首采区太灰水疏放方案,能够达到首采区疏放水降压的预期目标,表明在研究区可以进行疏水降压防治措施。对疏放方案的验证结果,表明所建模型能够较好地反映本区的实际水文地质条件。
综上所述,本论文探索出适合本研究区的地下水流数值模型,把Visual Modflow软件应用到底板灰岩水的防治技术和方法当中,为煤矿安全开采选择合适的防治措施,合理布置放水降压孔的位置,准确地计算放水量,达到安全高效开采提供了重要依据。
The study area of this paper is the first mining district of Wolonghu coal mine which covers 3.84km2. The first mining coalbed is coalbed NO.10 in the middle of the Shanxi formation. The Taiyuan formation limestone aquifer abounds karst, which below 50 meters under coalbed NO.10 in the first mining district. The limestone water pressure of coalbed NO.10 floor was calculated, which is between 0.24MPa and 5.6MPa while the water-pressure of the Taiyuan formation limestone roof is between 2.8MPa and 6.0MPa. The water bursting coefficient of coalbed NO.10 floor of the first mining district is between 0.06MPa/m and 0.16MPa/m, which exceeds 0.06MPa/m. So the Taiyuan formation limestone water is the most important water hazard in Wolonghu coal mine during mining coalbed NO.10. In this paper, mining safety was implemented during mining coalbed NO.10, against limestone water hazard of the first mining district of Wolonghu coal mine under coalbed NO.10 floor. So the study of drainage limestone water under coalbed NO.10 floor was carried out.
Because of the pumping test of limestone water is not carried out for the study area,the numerical simulation of underground boring's drainage course for the study area is carried on by use of Visual Modflow in this article, the results are also analyzed in this article. the drawdown distribution of water level are obtained, which can supply the theory gist for pumping and depressurizing of Taiyuan formation 's limestone water in the process of mining coalbed No.10.
Based on the analysis of geological and hydrological data of Wolonghu coalmine, karst water-bearing media system was generalized and the hydrogeological conceptual model of the first mining district of Wolonghu coal mine was set up by analyzing the hydrogeological characteristics and the dynamic characteristics of groundwater of the study area. The model is homogeneous anisotropy, double-decker and confined of 3D unsteady fluid flow model. Furthermore, a more dependable 3D groundwater mathematical model was set up on this model. The numerical simulation of groundwater was researched by the international advanced Visual Modflow software and simulates groundwater flow field changing regularities. Moreover,the study of underground drainage research was proceed in the simulation model. The drawdown distribution of water level under different drainage capacity and time are simulated, according to the numerical modeling results, the scheme of dewatering orifice's position, quantity and required drainage time are designed: when dispose three dewatering orifices in the rock drift of the first mining district, and the maxima drainage capacity is 1320m3/d, at 30～90 days the water level drawdown varied can attain to 20～135m, of which the effect is versus prominence. The drainage program of Taiyuan formation limestone water of the study area is appraised in this article; it can reach the desired rates of drainage depressurizing for the study area, and indicate that it is approvable to carry on the drainage depressurizing prevention and cure water measure. After verification of the drainage program, the result of the simulation indicated that the model accorded with the local actual hydrogeological very well.
Above all, the groundwater numerical model which fit the study area was explored and application of Visual Modflow software to the prevention technologies of the coal floor limestone water. In order to prevent the coal floor water bursting during mining coalbed NO.10 and realize safely and efficiently production, the property of dredging of the coal floor limestone water was studied, the location of depressing bore was suggested, suitable control measures were selected and drainage quantity was calculated.
引文
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