LX200-2摩托车电喷匹配试验研究
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摘要
随着国家环保法规的日益严格和国际燃油价格的逐步上升,传统化油器式发动机已经无法满足摩托车高性能、低油耗和新的排放法规要求。众所周知,只有采用发动机电喷管理系统才是唯一的途径。
本课题以重庆隆鑫工业(集团)有限公司生产的LX200-2化油器式摩托车(配装LC163FML-2发动机)为基础,选用上海联合汽车电子有限公司(UAES)的成熟电喷系统(MSE2.0版本)进行电喷化转化工作,课题主要目的是使整车排放满足欧Ⅲ法规要求,并兼顾动力性和经济性。课题主要工作内容包括:(1)系统零部件改造:通过发动机进气系统的优化设计、改进磁电机、增设转速和曲轴位置传感器等工作,把化油器式发动机转化成了电喷专用发动机;同时改造整车供油系统,在消声器上安装氧传感器实现闭环控制;(2)确定控制目标:通过理论分析,确定空燃比和点火时刻为控制基本要素,使催化剂转化效果达到最佳。而空燃比的控制是通过精确控制一定负荷下的喷油时刻和喷油量来实现;(3)发动机参数标定:通过分析标定试验方法,在初步确定基本喷油量和基本点火时刻的基础上,根据排放结果调整喷油时刻,最终确定在不同转速和喷油量状态的喷油时刻,随后再精细调整点火时刻,确定在不同转速和负荷下的点火提前角,形成喷油MAP和点火MAP储存在ECU中;(4)整车参数优化:在工况底盘上标定整车参数,包括起步、急加速等过渡工况下的参数,通过实验数据处理,形成各工况参数存储在ECU中;(5)环境实验:通过高原地区试验、高温地区试验和高寒地区试验,考核了零部件的可靠性,并根据环境变化造成的进气压力变化、进气温度变化等情况修正了相关参数,同时在试验中检验了ECU的自学习功能。
本课题是隆鑫集团摩托车电喷转化的探索性课题,通过探索、研究,寻求化油器式摩托车电喷转化的最有效方法和途径,达到整体提升摩托车技术水平的目的。该课题经过一年来的努力,达到预期目标。试验数据表明,整车排放性能显著改善,满足国Ⅲ法规要求,动力性能略有下降,经济性能基本持平,为公司大排量摩托车全面电喷化奠定了基础。
Along with the strict environment protection regulation and the raising price of fuel , it is very hard for the traditional carburetor-mounted engine to meet the requirement of high power,low fuel consumption and less pollution, and it is well known that the electronic controlled fuel injection system is the only and best way which can meet the needs.
This project is based on the LX200-2 motorcycle(using carburetor gasoline engine of LC163FML-2)made in Chongqing Loncin Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. The goal of the task is making vehicle's exhaust emission fulfill the Emark-III standard while keeping consistent on power output and fuel economy. The following main work is:(1) alteration of the components : through optimizing the engine air input system, altering the magneto and adding the sensor of running speed and position, changed the carburetor-mounted engine into electronic controlled engine ,then rebuilding the vehicle fuel- supplying system, fixing lambda sensor on the muffler to achieve closed loop control(2)confirm the control element: after analysis , confirm the A/F ratio and ignition time as the control element (3)calibration of the engine parameters: estimated fuel-injection and ignition time beforehand, then adjusted the time exactly , and made the injection and ignition time as MAP deposited into the ECU.(4)optimized vehicles'parameters in all kinds of running state,including start-up、quickly accelerated.then deposited the parameters' changes into the ECU.(5)environment test: having test in different environment , including tableland、high temperature area and lower temperature area , checked the reliability of assembly components, modified related parameters according to the changes. at the same time , verified the self-learning function of ECU.
As the company doesn't possess any technical deposit or accumulate ,so it's a exploring work . Through looking for the best way for the electronic control system alteration, finally reached the object of advancing technology level. After more than one year's hard work, the project have finished and reached it's purpose . the project made a massy foundation for the following electronic control alteration on motorcycle.
本课题以重庆隆鑫工业(集团)有限公司生产的LX200-2化油器式摩托车(配装LC163FML-2发动机)为基础,选用上海联合汽车电子有限公司(UAES)的成熟电喷系统(MSE2.0版本)进行电喷化转化工作,课题主要目的是使整车排放满足欧Ⅲ法规要求,并兼顾动力性和经济性。课题主要工作内容包括:(1)系统零部件改造:通过发动机进气系统的优化设计、改进磁电机、增设转速和曲轴位置传感器等工作,把化油器式发动机转化成了电喷专用发动机;同时改造整车供油系统,在消声器上安装氧传感器实现闭环控制;(2)确定控制目标:通过理论分析,确定空燃比和点火时刻为控制基本要素,使催化剂转化效果达到最佳。而空燃比的控制是通过精确控制一定负荷下的喷油时刻和喷油量来实现;(3)发动机参数标定:通过分析标定试验方法,在初步确定基本喷油量和基本点火时刻的基础上,根据排放结果调整喷油时刻,最终确定在不同转速和喷油量状态的喷油时刻,随后再精细调整点火时刻,确定在不同转速和负荷下的点火提前角,形成喷油MAP和点火MAP储存在ECU中;(4)整车参数优化:在工况底盘上标定整车参数,包括起步、急加速等过渡工况下的参数,通过实验数据处理,形成各工况参数存储在ECU中;(5)环境实验:通过高原地区试验、高温地区试验和高寒地区试验,考核了零部件的可靠性,并根据环境变化造成的进气压力变化、进气温度变化等情况修正了相关参数,同时在试验中检验了ECU的自学习功能。
本课题是隆鑫集团摩托车电喷转化的探索性课题,通过探索、研究,寻求化油器式摩托车电喷转化的最有效方法和途径,达到整体提升摩托车技术水平的目的。该课题经过一年来的努力,达到预期目标。试验数据表明,整车排放性能显著改善,满足国Ⅲ法规要求,动力性能略有下降,经济性能基本持平,为公司大排量摩托车全面电喷化奠定了基础。
Along with the strict environment protection regulation and the raising price of fuel , it is very hard for the traditional carburetor-mounted engine to meet the requirement of high power,low fuel consumption and less pollution, and it is well known that the electronic controlled fuel injection system is the only and best way which can meet the needs.
This project is based on the LX200-2 motorcycle(using carburetor gasoline engine of LC163FML-2)made in Chongqing Loncin Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. The goal of the task is making vehicle's exhaust emission fulfill the Emark-III standard while keeping consistent on power output and fuel economy. The following main work is:(1) alteration of the components : through optimizing the engine air input system, altering the magneto and adding the sensor of running speed and position, changed the carburetor-mounted engine into electronic controlled engine ,then rebuilding the vehicle fuel- supplying system, fixing lambda sensor on the muffler to achieve closed loop control(2)confirm the control element: after analysis , confirm the A/F ratio and ignition time as the control element (3)calibration of the engine parameters: estimated fuel-injection and ignition time beforehand, then adjusted the time exactly , and made the injection and ignition time as MAP deposited into the ECU.(4)optimized vehicles'parameters in all kinds of running state,including start-up、quickly accelerated.then deposited the parameters' changes into the ECU.(5)environment test: having test in different environment , including tableland、high temperature area and lower temperature area , checked the reliability of assembly components, modified related parameters according to the changes. at the same time , verified the self-learning function of ECU.
As the company doesn't possess any technical deposit or accumulate ,so it's a exploring work . Through looking for the best way for the electronic control system alteration, finally reached the object of advancing technology level. After more than one year's hard work, the project have finished and reached it's purpose . the project made a massy foundation for the following electronic control alteration on motorcycle.
引文
[1]张伟.汽车电子控制技术[M].重庆大学机械学院汽车工程系.
[2]郑玲.内燃机燃烧与排放控制[M].重庆大学机械学院汽车工程系.
[3]汪长民等.车辆发动机动力学[M].国防工业出版社,1981.
[4]杨连生等.内燃机设计[M].中国农业机械出版社,1981.
[5]吴兆汉等.车辆发动机设计[M].国防工业出版社,1982.
[6]陈小勇等.摩托车电喷技术应用开发的重点[J].摩托车技术,2003.10.
[7]周云山,于秀敏著.汽车电控系统理论与设计[M].北京理工大学出版社,1999.
[8]程勇等.电喷发动机起动及暖机过程HC排放的测试分析[J].汽车工程,2002.04.
[9]吴宁等.电喷发动机冷起动过程研究[J].内燃机工程,2002.03.
[10]胡春明,刘娜著.基于欧Ⅲ法规的摩托车电喷系统解决方案[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[11]吴晓红等.摩托车电喷控制系统的研究[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2002.05.
[12]吴义虎等.电喷发动机过渡工况废气排放特性研究[J].长沙理工大学学报,2005.01.
[13]郗大光.FAI电喷技术的节能策略[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[14]邓水平等.满足摩托车欧Ⅲ排放的催化控制技术[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[15]肖灵机.现代摩托车电喷系统的基本结构、原理及维护[J].摩托车技术,2002.02.
[16]宫建军.我国摩托车电喷技术应用及相关标准的制定说明[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[17]林漫群等.摩托车催化器评价技术与标准[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[18]古永棋.汽油喷射发动机的原理与维修[M].重庆大学出版社,1996.
[19]郗沐平.汽车电控技术简明教程IM].北京理工大学出版社,1999.
[20]陈耀强.满足欧Ⅲ标准的摩托车尾气净化催化剂及与整车的匹配[z].四川大学.2007.4.
[21]卓斌,刘启华著.车用发动机燃料喷射与电子控制[M].机械工业出版社,1999.
[22]皇浦鉴,范明强.现代汽车电子技术与装置[M].北京理工大学出版社,1999.
[23]李令举.汽车工程电子新技术[M].人民交通出版社,1995.
[24]蒋德明.内燃机原理(第2版)[M].中国农业出版社,1988.
[25]尹涛.不同采样方式对摩托车排放测试结果的影响[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[26]严兆大.内燃机测试技术[M].浙江大学出版社,1986.
[27]李勤.现代内燃机排气污染物的测量与控制[M].机械工业出版社,1998.
[28]刘志万.实验数据的统计分析和计算机处理[M].中国科学技术大学出版社,1989.
[29]徐涛.数值计算方法[M].吉林科学技术出版社,1998.
[30]吴坚等.内燃机工作过程数值计算及其优化[M].国防工业出版社,1997.
[31]王军.汽油发动机电控系统的应用研究[J].内燃机工程,1997.01.
[32]王兆鹃.发动机电控系统优化匹配方法的研究[J].小型内燃机,1999.04.
[33]姜述刚.电控车用发动机的标定系统和标定试验[J].汽车技术,1999.02.
[34]孟嗣宗.发动机精确空燃比控制方法的研究[J].内燃机工程,1999.02.
[35]陈立民.汽油发动机管理系统匹配标定过程研究[J].车用发动机,1998.02.
[36]段晖辉.发动机集中式电子控制系统的研究[J].内燃机学报,2001.01.
[37]何文华.影响电控单点汽油喷射发动机性能的因素[J].小型内燃机,1994.04.
[38]陈立明.汽油发动机管理系统匹配标定过程研究[J].车用发动机,1998.06.
[39]Leonardo Trozzi.Motorcycle Engine Improved with New Technologies to Meet Euro ⅢRequirements[C].Italian Technology Transfer S.r.1,2006.06.
[40]John R.Adomaitis Dr.Sanath Kumar.4-Stroke Motorcycle Catalysts and Emission Solutions for Euro Ⅲ Regulations[C].Engelhard Corporation,2006.06.
[41]Ye Jian.Engine Control & Calibration Methods for Improved Performance & Emissions[C].Chongqing Changan Visteon Engine Control Systems Co.,Ltd,2006.06.
[42]Leonardo Trozzi.Motorcycle Noise Reduction[C].Italian Technology Transfer S.r.1.2006.06.
[43]T.Cartus,H.Herrmuth,H.ofner.Meeting Chinese Phase Ⅳ Emission levels for Commercial Vehicle by adapting/selecting proper exhaust gas aftertreatment concepts to the boundary conditions of the Chinese Market[C].CICEIA-Conference,2007.
[44]Joachim Paul Strategies to Meet Future Emission Standards Diesel Vehicles[C].Engineering Vechile & Engine Test Lab.BOSCH,2007.
[45]Jiubo Ma.The Role of Aftertreatment in Meeting Off-Roadf Diesel Engine Emissions Regulation[C]s.Caterpillar R&D Center,2007.
[2]郑玲.内燃机燃烧与排放控制[M].重庆大学机械学院汽车工程系.
[3]汪长民等.车辆发动机动力学[M].国防工业出版社,1981.
[4]杨连生等.内燃机设计[M].中国农业机械出版社,1981.
[5]吴兆汉等.车辆发动机设计[M].国防工业出版社,1982.
[6]陈小勇等.摩托车电喷技术应用开发的重点[J].摩托车技术,2003.10.
[7]周云山,于秀敏著.汽车电控系统理论与设计[M].北京理工大学出版社,1999.
[8]程勇等.电喷发动机起动及暖机过程HC排放的测试分析[J].汽车工程,2002.04.
[9]吴宁等.电喷发动机冷起动过程研究[J].内燃机工程,2002.03.
[10]胡春明,刘娜著.基于欧Ⅲ法规的摩托车电喷系统解决方案[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[11]吴晓红等.摩托车电喷控制系统的研究[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2002.05.
[12]吴义虎等.电喷发动机过渡工况废气排放特性研究[J].长沙理工大学学报,2005.01.
[13]郗大光.FAI电喷技术的节能策略[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[14]邓水平等.满足摩托车欧Ⅲ排放的催化控制技术[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[15]肖灵机.现代摩托车电喷系统的基本结构、原理及维护[J].摩托车技术,2002.02.
[16]宫建军.我国摩托车电喷技术应用及相关标准的制定说明[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[17]林漫群等.摩托车催化器评价技术与标准[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[18]古永棋.汽油喷射发动机的原理与维修[M].重庆大学出版社,1996.
[19]郗沐平.汽车电控技术简明教程IM].北京理工大学出版社,1999.
[20]陈耀强.满足欧Ⅲ标准的摩托车尾气净化催化剂及与整车的匹配[z].四川大学.2007.4.
[21]卓斌,刘启华著.车用发动机燃料喷射与电子控制[M].机械工业出版社,1999.
[22]皇浦鉴,范明强.现代汽车电子技术与装置[M].北京理工大学出版社,1999.
[23]李令举.汽车工程电子新技术[M].人民交通出版社,1995.
[24]蒋德明.内燃机原理(第2版)[M].中国农业出版社,1988.
[25]尹涛.不同采样方式对摩托车排放测试结果的影响[J].摩托车技术,2005.10.
[26]严兆大.内燃机测试技术[M].浙江大学出版社,1986.
[27]李勤.现代内燃机排气污染物的测量与控制[M].机械工业出版社,1998.
[28]刘志万.实验数据的统计分析和计算机处理[M].中国科学技术大学出版社,1989.
[29]徐涛.数值计算方法[M].吉林科学技术出版社,1998.
[30]吴坚等.内燃机工作过程数值计算及其优化[M].国防工业出版社,1997.
[31]王军.汽油发动机电控系统的应用研究[J].内燃机工程,1997.01.
[32]王兆鹃.发动机电控系统优化匹配方法的研究[J].小型内燃机,1999.04.
[33]姜述刚.电控车用发动机的标定系统和标定试验[J].汽车技术,1999.02.
[34]孟嗣宗.发动机精确空燃比控制方法的研究[J].内燃机工程,1999.02.
[35]陈立民.汽油发动机管理系统匹配标定过程研究[J].车用发动机,1998.02.
[36]段晖辉.发动机集中式电子控制系统的研究[J].内燃机学报,2001.01.
[37]何文华.影响电控单点汽油喷射发动机性能的因素[J].小型内燃机,1994.04.
[38]陈立明.汽油发动机管理系统匹配标定过程研究[J].车用发动机,1998.06.
[39]Leonardo Trozzi.Motorcycle Engine Improved with New Technologies to Meet Euro ⅢRequirements[C].Italian Technology Transfer S.r.1,2006.06.
[40]John R.Adomaitis Dr.Sanath Kumar.4-Stroke Motorcycle Catalysts and Emission Solutions for Euro Ⅲ Regulations[C].Engelhard Corporation,2006.06.
[41]Ye Jian.Engine Control & Calibration Methods for Improved Performance & Emissions[C].Chongqing Changan Visteon Engine Control Systems Co.,Ltd,2006.06.
[42]Leonardo Trozzi.Motorcycle Noise Reduction[C].Italian Technology Transfer S.r.1.2006.06.
[43]T.Cartus,H.Herrmuth,H.ofner.Meeting Chinese Phase Ⅳ Emission levels for Commercial Vehicle by adapting/selecting proper exhaust gas aftertreatment concepts to the boundary conditions of the Chinese Market[C].CICEIA-Conference,2007.
[44]Joachim Paul Strategies to Meet Future Emission Standards Diesel Vehicles[C].Engineering Vechile & Engine Test Lab.BOSCH,2007.
[45]Jiubo Ma.The Role of Aftertreatment in Meeting Off-Roadf Diesel Engine Emissions Regulation[C]s.Caterpillar R&D Center,2007.