移动Ad hoc网络QoS策略和路由方案的研究
|
摘要
移动Ad hoc网络(MANET)是一种多跳的、自组织的无线移动网络,由于它不需要固定的基础设施,并可以快速部署和配置,在战场、抢险救灾及一些临时性的场合如会议等许多方面都有广泛的应用前景。不像有线网,MANET的带宽等资源经常是紧张的,因此在MANET上提供QoS保证,对传输多媒体应用或紧急数据是十分必要的。然而,无线信道固有的特点及节点移动造成网络拓扑的频繁变化,使得在MANET网络中支持QoS面临许多挑战。论文首先介绍了在MANET网络中支持QoS的一些相关概念和背景,接着对近年来国内外在相关领域上取得的研究成果作了较为全面的概括总结和比较分析。目前已经提出的QoS方案可分为基于路由协议的QoS策略和不依赖于路由协议的QoS策略。其中,基于路由协议的QoS策略即QoS路由是本论文研究的重点。MANET网络的路由协议在很大程度上决定了网络的性能,也是实现QoS路由的基础。通过对常用的一些路由协议的分析和比较我们发现,目前比较成熟的几个路由协议都存在可扩展性差的问题。如AODV协议,它具有开销少、效率高、实现容易等特点,在节点移动性较高的场合下也能很好地工作。但该协议在网络规模较大时性能急剧下降,即存在可扩展性问题。为了解决这个问题,论文从AODV协议入手,提出了并实现了一个新的基于AODV的渐进式分簇协议AODV-Clustering,该协议开始时按AODV方式工作,随后逐渐演变为一个分簇式的路由协议。仿真实验证明了该协议既保持了AODV的优点又具备了良好的可扩展性。在路由协议的基础上,论文对QoS路由策略进行了研究,除了对原有的AODV的QoS版本Q-AODV协议进行改进以提供更好的QoS支持外,还提出了AODV-Clustering协议的QoS版本(称为Q-AODV-Clustering),它增加了对自适应实时业务流以带宽为指标的QoS支持。最后,论文以QoS路由协议为基础,提出了一个端到端的QoS体系结构,该体系结构包含QoS信令、接入控制、QoS路由、资源管理、拥塞控制、速率控制和QoS MAC等多个功能模块。为了对体系结构进行验证,我们编写了仿真程序并在JiST/SWANS仿真平台上进行了仿真,仿真结果也证实了该体系结构的有效性。
Mobile Ad hoc network (MANET) is a kind of mobile multi-hop and self-organized wireless network, it is getting more and more attractive and can be used in battlefield, disaster relief and short-term scenarios such as meetings for its independence of a fixed infrastructure and its instant deployment and easy reconfiguration capabilities. Unlike in the wired networks where bandwidth is usually abundant, bandwidth of MANET is always scarce. Providing QoS guarantee in MANET is necessary to help deliver multi-media applications or mission-critical data. But the features of wireless channel and the mobility of nodes made it very difficult to support QoS in MANET. The article first introduces background and related concepts about QoS support in MANET, then present an overview, discussion and analysis of the current researches in this area. Currently there are many QoS strategies proposed, we have classified them in Route-Based and Route-Independent Approaches. This paper mainly focuses on Route-Based solutions, which called QoS routing. Routing protocols are the foundation of these Route-Based schemes; they also have significant effect on the performance of the network. Several routing protocols are standardized by IETF, e.g. AODV, TBRPF and OLSR, among them, AODV is a mature and widely accepted routing protocol that has low processing and memory overhead and low network utilization, and works well even in high mobility situation. But it has scalable problem for large mobile networks. To solve this problem, a new AODV based clustering routing protocol (called AODV-Clustering) was proposed in this paper. AODV-Clustering works on AODV at the beginning, and then gradually becomes a clustered routing protocol. Simulation results shows it performed better than AODV in large network while keep the good features of AODV. To developing a satisfying QoS routing protocol, current existing QoS routing protocols such as Q-AODV, AQOR, CEDAR are discussed first, then the Q-AODV protocol is improved to offer better QoS support. Also, a QoS version of the AODV-CIuster protocol which called Q-AODV-Clustering is also proposed, the protocol can provide bandwidth support for adaptive real time flows. Finally, an end-to-end QoS architecture for MANET is
proposed. The architecture includes many components such as QoS signing, admission control, QoS routing, resource management, congestion control, rate control and QoS MAC. Simulation programs are designed and a simulation-based evaluation is presented on JiST/SWANS platform, the result confirmed the effectiveness of the architecture.
Mobile Ad hoc network (MANET) is a kind of mobile multi-hop and self-organized wireless network, it is getting more and more attractive and can be used in battlefield, disaster relief and short-term scenarios such as meetings for its independence of a fixed infrastructure and its instant deployment and easy reconfiguration capabilities. Unlike in the wired networks where bandwidth is usually abundant, bandwidth of MANET is always scarce. Providing QoS guarantee in MANET is necessary to help deliver multi-media applications or mission-critical data. But the features of wireless channel and the mobility of nodes made it very difficult to support QoS in MANET. The article first introduces background and related concepts about QoS support in MANET, then present an overview, discussion and analysis of the current researches in this area. Currently there are many QoS strategies proposed, we have classified them in Route-Based and Route-Independent Approaches. This paper mainly focuses on Route-Based solutions, which called QoS routing. Routing protocols are the foundation of these Route-Based schemes; they also have significant effect on the performance of the network. Several routing protocols are standardized by IETF, e.g. AODV, TBRPF and OLSR, among them, AODV is a mature and widely accepted routing protocol that has low processing and memory overhead and low network utilization, and works well even in high mobility situation. But it has scalable problem for large mobile networks. To solve this problem, a new AODV based clustering routing protocol (called AODV-Clustering) was proposed in this paper. AODV-Clustering works on AODV at the beginning, and then gradually becomes a clustered routing protocol. Simulation results shows it performed better than AODV in large network while keep the good features of AODV. To developing a satisfying QoS routing protocol, current existing QoS routing protocols such as Q-AODV, AQOR, CEDAR are discussed first, then the Q-AODV protocol is improved to offer better QoS support. Also, a QoS version of the AODV-CIuster protocol which called Q-AODV-Clustering is also proposed, the protocol can provide bandwidth support for adaptive real time flows. Finally, an end-to-end QoS architecture for MANET is
proposed. The architecture includes many components such as QoS signing, admission control, QoS routing, resource management, congestion control, rate control and QoS MAC. Simulation programs are designed and a simulation-based evaluation is presented on JiST/SWANS platform, the result confirmed the effectiveness of the architecture.
引文
[1] C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer and S. Daas. Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. IETF RFC 3561, Jul 2003.
[2] C. E. Perkins, E. M. Belding-Royer, and S. R. Das. Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. http://www.ietf.org/intemet-drafts/draft-ietf-manet-aodv-13.txt, February 2003. (Work in Progress)
[3] Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer and Charles E. Perkins. Evolution and Future Directions of the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol. Ad hoc Networks Journal, 1(1), pp. 125-150, July 2003.
[4] C. E. Perkins and P. Bhagwat, Highly Dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector Routing (DSDV) for Mobile Computers, Proc. ACM SIGCOMM' 94, London, U. K., Sept. 1994, pp. 234—44.
[5] Johnson DB, Maltz DA, Hu Y-C. The dynamic source routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks (DSR)(work in progress), IETF MANET Working Group, draft-ietf-manet-dsr-10.txt, July 2004. (Work in Progress)
[6] Vicent D. park and M. Scott Corson. Temporally-Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) version 1: Functional Specification. [S] Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-manettora-spec-00.txt, Nov. 1997. (Work in Progress)
[7] Charles E. Perkins and Pravin Bhagwat, Highly dynamic destination-sequenced distance-vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers, [C]. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, London, England, Aug. 1994, pp. 234-244.5.
[8] Raghupathy Sivakumar, Prasun Sinha and Vaduvur Bharghavan. CEDAR: A Core-extraction Distributed Ad Hoc Routing Algorithm, [J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 1999, 17(8): 1454-1465.
[9] G. Pei, M. Gerla, and T. W. Chen. Fisheye state routing in mobile ad hoc networks. Proceeding of ICDCS 2000 workshops, Apr. 2000.
[10] C.-C. Chiang, Routing in Clustered Multi-hop, Mobile Wireless Networks with Fading Channel, Proc. IEEE SICON '97, Apt, 1997, pp. 197-211.
[11] G. Pei, M. Gerla and X. Hong, LANMAR: Landmark Routing for Large Scale Wireless Ad Hoc Networks with Group Mobility, Proc. IEEE/ACM Mobi-HOC 2000, Boston, MA, Aug. 2000, pp. 11-18.
[12] R. G. Ogler, F. L. Templin, et al., Topology Broadcast Based on Reverse-Path Forwarding (TBRPF), IETF RFC3684, Feb 2004.
[13] T. Clausen, P. Jacquet, et al., Optimized Link State Routing Protoeol(OLSR). IETF RFC3626, Oct. 2003.
[14] C.-K. Toh, Associativity-Based Routing For Ad Hoc Mobile Networks, WL Pers. Commun. J., Special Issue on Mobile Networking and Computing Systems, Kluwer, vol. 4, no. 2, Mar. 1997, pp. 103-39.
[15] M. Jiang, J. Li, Y. C. Tay, Cluster based routing protocol (CBR) functional. specification, IETF draft 1998.
[16] Yunjung Yi, Taek Jin Kwon and Mario Gerla, Passive Clustering(PC) in Ad Hoc Networks, Internet Draft, draft-ietf-yi-manet-pac-00.txt, Nov. 2001. (Work in Progress)
[17] Geng Chen, Fabian Garcia Nocetti, Julio Solano Gonzalez etc, Connectivity Based k-hop Clustering in Wireless Networks, [C]. Proceedings of the 35th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences — 2002.
[18] J. C. Navas and T. Imielinski, Geographic Addressing and Routing, Proc.3rd ACM/IEEE Int'l. Conf. Mobile Comp. Net., Budapest, Hungary, Sept.26-30,1997.
[19] Y.-B. Ko and N. H. Vaidya, Location-aided Routing(LAR) in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, ACM/IEEE Int'l. Conf. Mobile Comp. Net., 1998, pp. 66-75.
[20] W H Liao,Y C Tseng, J P Sheu, GRID:A Fully Location-Aware Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Telecommunication Systems, 18, 37-60, 2001.
[21] S. Basagni et al., A Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility(DREAM), ACM/IEEE Int'l. Conf. Mobile Comp. Net., 1998, pp. 76-84.
[22] J. Li et al., A Scalable Location Service for Geographic Ad Hoc Routing, ACM Mobicom 2000, Boston, MA.
[23] Z. Haas and M. Pearlman, The zone routing protocol for highly reconfigurable ad-hoc networks. Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 98, August 1998.
[24] Zygmund J. Haas and Marc R. Pearlman, The performance of query control schemes for the zone routing protocol. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 427{438, Aug. 2001.
[25] Zygmund J. Haas and Marc R. Pearlman, Determining the optimal configuration for the zone routing protocol. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas Communications, vol. 17, no. 8, Aug. 1999.
[26] SM urthy, et al. A Routing Protocol for Packet Ratio Networks. Proceedings of ACM First International Conference on Mobile Computing &Networking (MOBICOM '95), Nov 1995.
[27] Jyoti Raju, et al. A Comparision of On demand and Table driven Routing for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Proceedings of IEEE ICC'00, June 2000.
[28] Xiaoyan Hong, Kaixin Xu, and Mario Gerla, Scalable Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, IEEE Network, July/August 2002.
[29] Atsushi Iwata, Ching-Chuan Chiang, Guangyu Pei, Mario Gerla, and Tsu wei Chen, Scalable routing strategies for ad hoc wireless networks, Tech. Rep., Department of Computer Science University of California, Los Angeles, 1999.
[30] R. Dube et al., Signal Stability based Adaptive Routing (SSA) for Ad-Hoc Mobile Networks, IEEE Pers. Commun., Feb. 1997, pp. 36-45.
[31] M. Joa-Ng and I-Tai Lu. Peer-to-peer Zone-based Two-level Link State Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 17(8):1415—1425, Aug 1999.
[32] S. R. Das, C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer, Performance Comparison of Two On-demand Routing Protocols for Ad Hoc Networks, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2000, Tel Aviv, Israel, Mar. 2000.
[33] Kimaya Sanzgiri and Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer. Leveraging Mobility to Improve Quality of Service in Mobile Networks. In the Proceedings of MobiQuitous 2004, Boston, MA, August 2004.
[34] C. Perkins and E. Belding-Royer. Quality of Service for Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing. IETF Internet Draft, draft-perkins-manet-aodvqos-02.txt, October 2003. (Work in Progress).
[35] Qi Xue and Aura Ganz, Ad hoc QoS on-demand routing (AQOR) in mobile ad hoc networks, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing. 63 (2003) 154-165.
[36] E. M. Royer and C.-K. Ton, A Review of Current Routing Protocols for Ad-Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks, IEEE Pers. Commun., Apr. 1999, pp. 46-55.
[37] Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture: an Overview. IETF RFC 1633, June 1994.
[38] S. Blake, D. Black, M. Carlson, E. Davies, Z. Wang, and W. Weiss. An Architecture for Differentiated Services. RFC 2475, Dec. 1998.
[39] Multi-protocol Label Switching Architecture. IETF work in progress. August 1999
[40] Integrated Service Mappings for Differentiated Services Networks. IETF work in progress, March 2000
[41] RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels. IETF work in progress, February 2000.
[42] G. Ahn, A. Campbell, A. Veres, and L. Sun. SWAN: Service differentiation in stateless wireless ad hoc networks. Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 2002, Jun. 2002.
[43] ZHANG Shun-liang (张顺亮), YE Cheng-qing (叶澄清), On service differentiation in mobile Ad Hoc networks, Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE,2004 5(9):1087-1094.
[44] Veres A,Campbell AT,Barry M,Sun LH. Supporting service differentiation in wireless packet networks using distributed control. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communications,2001,19(10):2081-2093.
[45] Julian D, Chiang M. QoS and fairness constrained convex optimization of resource allocation for wireless cellular and ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the 21~(st) Annual Joint Conf. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Vol.2,2002. 477-486.
[46] Zhang LX, Deering S, Estrin D etc. RSVP: A new resource reservation protocol. IEEE Network Magazine, 1993,7(5):8-18.
[47] Talukdar, B.Badrinath, A.Acharya, MRSVP: A resource reservation protocol for an integrated services network with mobile hosts, the Journal of Wireless Networks, vol.7, no.1,2001.
[48] Xiao HN, Sean WKG, Lo A,etc. A flexible quality of service model for mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Vol 1,2000. 444-449.
[49] S.B.Lee, GS.Ahn, INSIGNIA: An IP-base quality of service framework for mobile ad hoc networks, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 2000,60(7):374-406
[50] IEEE WG, Part11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and Physical Layer(PHY) Specifications, IEEE 802.11 Standard,1999.
[51] M. Takai, J. Martin, and R. Bagrodia. Effects of wireless physical layer modeling in mobile ad hoc networks. Proceedings of ACM MobiHoc'01, Oct. 2001.
[52] S. Mangold, S. Choi, P. May etc, IEEE 802.11e Wireless LAN for Quality of Service, In Proc. of European Wireless(EW2002), Florence, Italy, February 2002.
[53] Lamia Romdhani, Qiang Ni, Thierry Turletti, AEDCF: Enhanced Service Differentiation for IEEE802.11 Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks. IEEE WCNC, New Orleans, Louisiana, Mar. 2003.
[54] Qiang Ni and Lamia Romdhani, QoS Issues and Enhancements for IEEE802.11 Wireless LAN, Nov. 2002.
[55] Mangold S, Choi S, May P, Klein O, Hiertz G, Stibor L. IEEE 802.11e wireless LAN for quality of service(invited paper). In: Proc. of the European Wireless. Vol. 1,2002. 32～39.
[56] Jie H, Devetsikiotis M. Designing improved MAC packet schedulers for 802.11e WLAN. In: Proc. of the Global Telecommunications Conf. Vol.1, 2003. 184～189.
[57] Giuseppe Bianchi, Performance analysis of the IEEE 802,11 distributed coordination function, IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications, vol. 18. March 2000.
[58] 姚尹雄,张研,王蒙行,一种提供服务质量保障的移动Ad-Hoc网络介质访问控制策略,上海交通大学学报第36卷第6期,2002年6月
[59] S. T. Sheu and T. F. Sheu. DBASE : A distributed bandwidth allocation/sharing/extension protocol for multimedia over IEEE 802.11 ad hoc wireless LAN. Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 2001, Apr. 2001.
[60] P. Goyal, H. Vin, and H. Cheng, Start-time fair queueing: A Scheduling algorithm for integrated services packet switching networks, in Proceedings of ACM Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications (SIGCOMM '96), Palo Alto, CA, Aug. 1996, pp. 157-168.
[61] S. Golestani, A self-clocked fair queueing scheme for broadband applications, in Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Communications(INFOCOM '94), vol. 2, June 1994, pp. 636-646.
[62] S. Lu, V. Bharghavan, and R. Srikant, Fair scheduling in wireless packet networks, in Proceedings of ACM Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications(SIGCOMM '97), Cannes, France, Sept. 1997, pp. 67-74.
[63] N. H. Vaidya, P. Bahl, and S. Gupta. Distributed fair scheduling in a wireless LAN. In Sixth Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Boston, August 2000.
[64] T. S. E. Ng, I. Stoica, and H. Zhang. Packet fair queueing algorithms for wireless networks with location-dependent errors, in Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Communications(INFOCOM '98), vol. 3, San Francisco, CA, Mar. 1998. pp.1103-1111.
[65] P. Ramanathan and P. Agrawal, Adapting packet fair queueing algorithms to wireless networks, in Proceedings of IEEE/ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking(MOBICOM '98), Dallas, TX, Oct. 1998. pp. 1-9.
[66] A. Demers, S. Keshav, and S. Shenker, Analysis and simulation of a fair queueing algorithm, in Proceedings of ACM Conference on Communications Architectures and Protocols (SIGCOMM '89), Austin, TX, Sept. 1989, pp. 1-12.
[67] J.C.R. Bennett and H. Zhang, WF~2Q:Worst-case fair weighted fair queueing, in Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Communications(INFOCOM '96), vol.1, San Francisco, CA, Mar. 1996, pp.120-128.
[68] J.R. Moorman and J.W. Lockwood, Multiclass priority fair queuing for hybrid wired/wireless quality of service support, in Proceedings of ACM International Workshop on Wireless Mobile Multimedia(WOWMOM '99), Seattle, WA, Aug. 1999, pp. 43-50.
[69] S. Lu, T. Nandagopal, and V. Bharghavan, A Wireless fair service algorithm for packet cellular networks, in Proceedings of IEEE/ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking(MOBICOM '98), Dallas, TX, Oct. 1998, pp. 10-20.
[70] Jianbo Xue, Patrick Stuedi, ASAP: An Adaptive QoS Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc networks, http://www.iks.inf.etliz.ch/publications/publications/asap03.html. [71] Kevin Fall and Kannan Varadhan. The ns manual [EB/OL]. April 2002, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-documentation.
[72] X. Zeng, R. L. Bagrodia, and M. Gerla. GloMoSim: a library for parallel simulation of large-scale wireless networks. In PADS, May 1998.
[73] R. L. Bagrodia, R. Meyer, M. Takai, Y. Chen, X. Zeng, J. Martin, and H. Y. Song. Parsec: A parallel simulation environment for complex systems. IEEE Computer, 31(10): 77-85, Oct. 1998.
[74] I. Chakeres and E. Belding-Royer. PAC: Perceptive Admission Control for Mobile Wireless Networks. Technical Report 2004-17, University of California, Santa Barbara, June 2004.
[75] S.-J. Lee, C.-K. Toh, and M. Gerla, Performance Evaluation of Table-Driven and On-Demand Ad Hoc Routing Protocols, Proc. IEEE PIMRC '99, Osaka, Japan, Sept. 1999, pp. 297-301.
[76] S. Corson and J. Macker, Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations, RFC 2501, Jan. 1999.
[77] X. Hong et al., Scalable Ad Hoc Routing in Large, Dense Wireless Networks Using Clustering and Landmarks, Proc. ICC 2002, New York, NY,Apr. 2002.
[78] A, Iwata et al., Scalable Routing Strategies for Ad-hoc Wireless Networks, IEEE JSAC, Aug. 1999, pp. 1369-79.
[79] C.R.Lin and M.Gerla, Adaptive Clustering for Mobile Wireless Networks, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol.15, No.7, Sep. 1997, pp. 1265-1275.
[80] Krishna, P., Vaidya, N.H., Chatterjee, M., Pradhan, D.K., A cluster-based approach for routing in dynamic networks, Computer Communication Review, vol.27, (no.2), ACM, April 1997.
[81] Josh Broch, David A. Maltz, David B. Johnson etc. A performance comparison of multi-hop wireless Ad hoc network routing protocols. [C] MobiCom98, Dallas, USA, October 1998.
[82] Chen S, Nahrstedt K. Distributed quality of service routing in ad hoc networks. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communications, 1999, 17(8): 1488～1505.
[83] LinCR, GerlaM. Asynchronous multi-media multi-hop wireless networks [DB/OL]. Webpage: http://wwwl.ics.uci.edu/～atm/adhoc/paper-col-lection/gerlamacapr-infocom97.pdf.
[84] 王海涛,郑少仁等,Ad hoc网络中QoS保障机制的研究,通信学报,2002年10月第23卷第10期
[85] L. A. Dasilva, QoS mapping along the protocol stack: Discussion and preliminary result, in IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC'00), vol.2, New Orleans, LA, June 2000, pp.713-717.
[86] Mahadevan and K. M. Sivalingam, Quality of service in wireless networks based on differentiated services architecture. In International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks(ICCCN'99), Boston, MA, Oct.1999, pp.548-553.
[87] C. Perkins and E. Belding-Royer. Quality of Service for Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing. IETF Internet Draft, draft-perkins-manet-aodvqos-02.txt, October 2003. (Work in progress).
[88] C. Zhu and S. Corson. QoS Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. In Proc. Of the 21st Int'l. Annual Joint Cone Of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Vol.2,2002. 958～967.
[89] Lin CR, Liu JS. QoS routing in ad hoc wireless networks. IEEE Journal Selected Areas in Communications, 1999,17(8): 1426～1438.
[90] Lin CR. On-Demand QoS routing in multihop mobile networks. In: Proc. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Vol.3,2001.1735～1744.
[91] Huang C, Dai F, Wu J. On-Demand location-aided QoS routing in ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the Int'l Conf. on Parallel Processing(ICPP). 2004. 502～509.
[92] Shah SH, Nahrstedt K. Predictive location-based QoS routing in mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the IEEE Int'l Conf. on Communications. Vol.2,2002.1022～1027.
[93] Zhu C, Corson MS. A five-phase reservation protocol (FPRA) for mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the 17th Annual Joint Conf. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Vol. 1,1998.322～331.
[94] 李云,赵为粮,隆克平,吴诗其。无线Ad Hoc网络支持QOS的研究进展和展望。软件学报,2004年第15卷第12期 1884～1893。
[95] Sze-Yao Ni, Yu-Chee Tseng, Yuh-Shyan Chen, Jang-Ping Sheu, The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network, Mobi-Com,1999.
[96] Jinyang Li, Charles Blake, Douglas S. J., De Couto, Hu Imm Lee, Robert Morris, Capacity of Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Mobicom, 2001.
[97] Yu-Chee Tseng, Sze-Yao Ni, En-Yu Shih, Adaptive Approaches to Relieving Broadcast Storms in a Wireless Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Infocim, 2001.
[98] Amir Qayyum, Laurent Viennot, Anis Laouiti, Multipoint relaying: An efficient technique for flooding in mobile wireless networks, INRIA report, March 2000.
[99] H. Lim and C. Kim, Flooding in wireless ad hoc networks, IEEE computer communications 2000.
[100] M. Seddigh, J. Solano and I. Stojmenovic, Internal nodes based broadcasting algorithms in wireless networks, Proceedings of the 34th Annual HICSS 2001.
[101] A. Qayyum, L. Viennot, and A. Laouiti. Multipoint Relaying: An Efficient Technique for Flooding in Mobile Wireless Networks, INRIA res. rep. RR-3898, 2000
[102] B. Bellur and R. G. Ogler, A Reliable, Efficient Topology Broadcast Protocol for Dynamic Networks, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM '99, New York, NY, Mar.1999.
[103] E. Pagani, G. P. Rossi, Reliable broadcast in mobile multihop packet networks, Mobicom 97 (1997).
[104] J. Wu and H. Li, On calculating connected dominating set for efficient routing in ad hoc networks, DIAL M. 1999.
[105] B. Chen, K. H. Jamieson, and R. Morris, An energy-efficient coordination algorithm for topology maintenance in Ad Hoc wireless networks, Mobicom, 2001.
[106] Y. Xu, J. Heidemann and D. Estrin, Geography-informed Energy Conservation for Ad Hoc Routing Mobicom, 2001.
[107] S.-J. Lee, W. Su, and M. Gerla, On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) for Ad Hoc Networks, Internet Draft, draftietf-manet-odmrp-02.txt, Jan. 2000. (Work in Progress)
[108] 姚尹雄,王豪行,MAQF:一种新的移动Ad-Hoc网络自适应QoS结构框架,电子学报,2002/5.
[109] D. M. Chiu and R. Jain. Analysis of the increase and decrease algorithms for congestion avoidance in computer networks. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 17(1-14), 1989.
[110] K. Xu, X. Hong, and M. Gerla. An ad hoc network with mobile backbones. Proceedings of IEEE ICC'02, New York, NY, Apr. 2002.
[111] Kaixin Xu, Ken Tang, Rajive Bagrodia, Mario Gerla, Michael Bereschinsky, Adaptive bandwidth management and QoS provisioning in large scale ad hoc networks, Proceedings of MILCOM '03. Boston, MA: 2003.
[112] J. R. Moorman, Quality of service support for heterogeneous traffic across hybrid wired and wireless networks, thesis for the degree of Doctor in the graduate college of the University of Illinois, 2001.
[113] I. D. Chakeres. AODV-UCSB Implementation from University of California Santa Barbara.http://moment.cs.ucsb.edu/AODV/aodv.html.
[114] S. R. Das, R. Castaneda, and J. Yan, Simulation Based Performance Evaluation of Mobile, Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols, ACM/Baltzer MONET J., July 2000, pp. 179-89.
[115] JiST User Guide. http://jist.ece.comell.edu/docs.html, September 2003, updated March 2004.
[116] SWANS User Guide, http://jist.ece.comell.edu/docs.html, March 2004.
[117] Rimon Barr. An efficient, unifying approach to simulation using virtual machines. PhD dissertation, Cornell University, May 2004.
[118] C. Santivanez, R. Ramanathan, and I. Stavrakakis, Making Link-State Routing Scale for Ad Hoc Networks, Proc. 2001 ACM Int'l. Symp. Mobile Ad Hoc Net. Comp., Long Beach, CA, Oct. 2001.
[119] Z. J. Haas and M. R. Pearlman, The Performance of Query Control Schemes for the Zone Routing Protocol, ACM/IEEE Trans. Net, vol. 9, no. 4, Aug.2001, pp. 427-38.
[120] M. S. Corson, A. Ephremides, A Distributed Routing Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Networks, ACM/Baltzer WL Net. J., vol. 1, no. 1, Feb. 1995.
[121] V. D. Park and M.S. Corson, A Highly Adaptive Distributed Routing Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Networks, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM '97, Kobe, Japan, Apr. 1997, pp. 1405-13.
[122] C. -C. Chiang and M. Gerla, Routing and Multicast in Multihop, Mobile Wireless Networks, Proc. IEEE ICUPC '97, San Diego, CA, Oct. 1997.
[123] G. Pei et al., A Wireless Hierarchical Routing Protocol with Group Mobility, Proc. IEEE WCNC '99, New Orleans, LA, Sept. 1999.
[124] T. Camp, J. Boleng, and V. Davies. A Survey of Mobility Models for Ad Hoc Network Research. Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing(WCMC): Special issue on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking: Research, Trends and Applications,2(5):483-502,2002.
[125] C. Bettstetter, H. Hartenstein, and X. Perez-Costa. Stochastic Properties of the Random Waypoint Mobility Model: Epoch Length, Direction Distribution and Cell Change Rate. In Proceedings of the 5th ACM International Workshop on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems(MSWIM), Atlanta, GA, September 2002.
[126] C. Bettstetter and C. Wagner. The Spatial Node Distribution of the Random Waypoint Mobility Model. In Proceedings of the 1st German Workshop on Mobile Ad hoc Networks (WMAN), pages 41-58, Ulm,Germany, March 2002.
[127] G. Resta and P. Santi. An Analysis of the Node Spatial Distribution of the Random Waypoint Mobility Model for Ad hoc Networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Workshop on Principles of Mobile Comptuing (POMC), Toulouse, France, October 2002.
[128] L. Kleinrock and J. Silvester. Optimum Transmission Radii for Packet Radio Networks or Why Six is a Magic Number. In Proceedings of the IEEE National Telecommunications Conference pages 4.3.1-4.3.5, Birmingham, Alabama, December 1978.
[129] Elizabeth M. Royer, P. Michael Melliar-Smithy and Louise E. Mosery. An Analysis of the Optimum Node Density for Ad hoc Mobile Networks. http://www.parc.com/zhao/-stanford-cs428/readings/Networking/Royer_icc01_opt_density_2001.pdf.
[130] E. M. Royer, S. J. Lee and C. E. Perkins. The Effects of MAC Protocols on Ad hoc Network Communications. In Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, Chicago, IL, September 2000.
[131] G. Pei and M. Gerla, Mobility Management in Hierarchical Multi-hop Mobile Wireless Networks, Proc. IEEE ICCCN '99, Boston, MA, Oct. 1999.
[132] B. Karp and H. T. Kung, GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks, Proc. 6th Annual Int'l. Conf. Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom 2000), Boston, MA, USA, 2000, pp. 243-54.
[133] S. Chakrabarti, A. Mishra, QoS issues in ad hoc wireless networks, IEEE Comm. Mag. 39 (2001) 142-148.
[134] S. Chen, K. Nahrstedt, Distributed quality-of-service routing in ad hoc networks, IEEE Journal On Selected Areas In Communications 17 (8) (1999) 1-18.
[135] Z. J. Haas, A new routing algorithm for the reconfigurable wireless networks, ICUPC '97, San Diego, CA, October 12-16, 1997.
[136] S. Murthy and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, Loop-Free Internet Routing Using Hierarchical Routing Trees, Proc. INFOCOM '97, Apr. 7-11, 1997.
[137] C. -C. Chiang, M. Gerla, and L. Zhang, Adaptive Shared Tree Multicast in Mobile Wireless Networks, Proc. GLOBECOM '98, Nov. 1998, pp. 1817-22.
[138] George Aggelou and Rahim Tafazolli. Rdmar: a bandwidth-efficient routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. Proceedings of the second ACM international workshop on Wireless mobile multimedia, pages 26-33, August 1999.
[139] Manel Guerrero Zapata, Secure Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(SAODV) Routing, Mobile Ad Hoc Networking Working Group INTERNET DRAFT, 2001-08.
[140] 李承,汪为农。浅议移动Ad Hoc网络路由协议中的安全性问题。计算机工程与应用,2002年第22期28-29。
[141] 王海涛,郑少仁。移动Ad hoc网络中的安全问题。中国数据通信,2002年第8期 65-68。
[142] Amit Jardosh, Elizabeth M. BeldingRoyer, Kevin C. Atmeroth, Subhash Suri. Towards Realistic Mobility Models For Mobile Ad hoc Networks. MobiCom'03, September 14—19, 2003, San Diego, California, USA.
[143] Ying-Kwei Ho, Ru-Sheng Liu, On-Demand QoS-Based Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks, Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC 2000), p.560, July 04-06, 2000.
[144] S. Corson, J. Macker. Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations, RFC2501, January 1999.
[145] M. Kazantzidis, M. Gerla, and S. Lee. Permissible throughput network for adaptative multimedia in AODV MANETs. In IEEE ICC 2001, 2001.
[146] K. Al Agha, G. Pujolle, H. Badis, A. Munaretto. QoS for Ad Hoc Networking Based on Multiple Metrics: Bandwidth and Delay. In The Fifth IEEE International Conference on Mobile and Wireless Communications Networks (MWCN 2003), 2003.
[147] W. Liu and Y. Fang. Courtesy Piggybacking: Supporting Differentiated Services in Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. In Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE Infocom), 2004.
[148] Ll. Cerda, J. M. Barcelo and J. Garcia. A Reservation Scheme Satisfying Bandwidth QoS Constrains for Ad-hoc Networks. Technical Report UPC-DAC-2004-24, Politechnic University of Catalonia, June 2004.http://www.ac.upc.es/recerca/reports.
[149] K. Ramakrishnan, S. Floyd, and D. Black, An Addition of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to IP, Intemet Draft, work-in-progress, March 2001.
[150] S. Kalyanaraman, D. Harrison, S. Arora, K. Wanglee, and G. Guarriello, A One-bit Feedback Enhanced Differentiated Services Architecture, Internet Draft, work-in-progress, March 1998.
[151] D. Bansal and H. Balakrishnan, TCP-friendly Congestion Control for Real-time Streaming Applications, Technical Report, MIT-LCS-TR-806, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science, May 2000.
[152] A. Banchs and X. Perez, Providing throughput Guarantees in IEEE802.11 Wireless LAN. IEEE In Proc. WCNC'02, 1:130-138.
[153] A. Lindgren, A. Almquist, O. Schelen, Evaluation of Quality of Service Schemes for IEEE802.11. IEEE In Proc. LCN'2001, p.348-351.
[154] J. L. Sobrinho and A. S. Krishnakumar, Quality-of-Service in Ad hoc Carrier Sense Multiple Access Networks, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 17, No. 8, pp. 1353-1368, August 1999.
[155] Zeinalipour-Yazti Demetrios, A Glance at Quality of Services in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Research Report, http://www.cs.ucr.edu/～csyiazti/cs260.html,November 19, 2001.
[156] W. Liu and Y. Fang. Courtesy Piggybacking: Supporting Differentiated Services in Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. In Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE Infocom), 2004.
[157] Ll. Cerda, J.M. Barcelo and J. Garcia. A Reservation Scheme Satisfying Bandwidth QoS Constrains for Ad-hoc Networks. Technical Report UPC-DAC-2004-24, Politechnic University of Catalonia, June 2004.http://www.ac.upc.es/recerca/reports.
[158] Rafael Guimaraes, Julian Morillo, Llorenc, Cerda, Jose-M Barcelo and Jorge Garcia, Quality of Service for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks: an Overview, Technical RepOrt UPC-DAC-2004-29, Politechnic University of Catalonia, June 2004. http://www.ac.upc.es/recerca/reports.
[159] Llorenc Cerda, Michael Voorhaen, Rafael Guimaraes, et al., A Reservation Scheme Satisfying Bandwidth QoS Constraints for Ad-hoc Networks, Dec. 2004,http://www-i4.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/content/dagstuhl.htm.
[160] I. Chakeres, E. Belding-Royer, C. Perkins, Dynamic MANET On-demand (DYMO) Routing, [S] Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-manet-dymo-01, May 2005.(work in process)
[161] S. -J. Lee, E. M. Belding-Royer, and C. E. Perkins, Scalability Study of the Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance-Vector Routing Protocol, International Journal of Network Management, vol. 13, no. 2, March 2003.
[162] JAdhoc System Design Manual, http://www.aodv.org/, July 2003.
[163] John Novatnack, Lloyd Greenwald and Harpreet Arora, Evaluating Ad hoc Routing Protocols With Respect to Quality of Service, http://itcsl.cs.drexel.edu,2005
[164] Andre Schumacher and Torsten Luh, Comparison of the three protocols, AODV, DSR and TBRPF,http://www.cs.helsinki.fi/u/kraatika/Courses/IPsemO4s/slides/comp.pdf, May 2004.
[165] SHI MingHong, YAO YinXiong and BAI YingCai, QDSR: QoS aware Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Chinese Journal of Electronics Vol.13, No.2, Apr. 2004.
[166] YAO Yinxiong, LIU Jianxun and TANG Xinhuai, Design and Implementation of Key Techniques for Mobile Ad hoc Network Adaptive QoS Provisioning Framework, Chinese Journal of Electronics Vol.13, No.4, Oct. 2004.
[167] YahTai Shu, GuangHong Wang, Lei. Wang, Oliver W. W. Yang and YongJie Fan, Provisioning QoS Guarantee by Multipath Routing and Reservation in Ad Hoc Network, J. Comput. Sci. & Techno(计算机科学技术学报), Vol.19, No.2,pp. 128-137, March 2004.
[168] 英春,史美林.。自组网环境下基于QoS的路由协议。计算机学报,2001,24(10)
[169] 米志超,黄海涛。一种交互式的Ad Hoc网络QoS路由算法。武汉大学学报(理学版),2002年第1期。
[170] 韩彬斌,王培康,张晓辉。自组网内的延迟限制QoS路由算法研究。通信技术,2002年第2期。
[171] 李云、隆克平、吴诗其、赵为粮,无线Ad Hoc网络QoS路由协议研究的进展与展望。计算机科学,2004年31卷第3期。
[172] R. Leung, J. Liu, E. Poon et al., MP-DSR: A QoS-aware multi-path dynamic source routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks, Proc. LCN'2001, pp.132-141,2001.
[173] G. Bianchi, A. T. Campbell, A programmable MAC framework for utility-based adaptive quality of service support, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol.18, No.2, PP. 244-255, 2000.
[174] 易平,钟亦平,张世永。移动ad hoc网络中DOS攻击及其防御机制。计算机研究与发展,2005,Vol.42,No.4,P.697-704。
[175] 彭革刚,杨疆湖,高传善。移动自组网中基于路径稳定性的QoS路由协议。计算机研究与发展,2004,Vol.41,No.6,P.916-922a。
[176] 赵璇,蒋铃鸽,何晨。一种基于最小负载的移动Ad hoc网络路由协议。上海交通大学学报,2004,Vol.38,No.5,P.684-687。
[177] 金彦亮,杨宇航。分级单向ad-hoc路由协议。上海交通大学学报,2004,Vol.38,No.2,P267-267。
[2] C. E. Perkins, E. M. Belding-Royer, and S. R. Das. Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. http://www.ietf.org/intemet-drafts/draft-ietf-manet-aodv-13.txt, February 2003. (Work in Progress)
[3] Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer and Charles E. Perkins. Evolution and Future Directions of the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol. Ad hoc Networks Journal, 1(1), pp. 125-150, July 2003.
[4] C. E. Perkins and P. Bhagwat, Highly Dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector Routing (DSDV) for Mobile Computers, Proc. ACM SIGCOMM' 94, London, U. K., Sept. 1994, pp. 234—44.
[5] Johnson DB, Maltz DA, Hu Y-C. The dynamic source routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks (DSR)(work in progress), IETF MANET Working Group, draft-ietf-manet-dsr-10.txt, July 2004. (Work in Progress)
[6] Vicent D. park and M. Scott Corson. Temporally-Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) version 1: Functional Specification. [S] Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-manettora-spec-00.txt, Nov. 1997. (Work in Progress)
[7] Charles E. Perkins and Pravin Bhagwat, Highly dynamic destination-sequenced distance-vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers, [C]. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, London, England, Aug. 1994, pp. 234-244.5.
[8] Raghupathy Sivakumar, Prasun Sinha and Vaduvur Bharghavan. CEDAR: A Core-extraction Distributed Ad Hoc Routing Algorithm, [J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 1999, 17(8): 1454-1465.
[9] G. Pei, M. Gerla, and T. W. Chen. Fisheye state routing in mobile ad hoc networks. Proceeding of ICDCS 2000 workshops, Apr. 2000.
[10] C.-C. Chiang, Routing in Clustered Multi-hop, Mobile Wireless Networks with Fading Channel, Proc. IEEE SICON '97, Apt, 1997, pp. 197-211.
[11] G. Pei, M. Gerla and X. Hong, LANMAR: Landmark Routing for Large Scale Wireless Ad Hoc Networks with Group Mobility, Proc. IEEE/ACM Mobi-HOC 2000, Boston, MA, Aug. 2000, pp. 11-18.
[12] R. G. Ogler, F. L. Templin, et al., Topology Broadcast Based on Reverse-Path Forwarding (TBRPF), IETF RFC3684, Feb 2004.
[13] T. Clausen, P. Jacquet, et al., Optimized Link State Routing Protoeol(OLSR). IETF RFC3626, Oct. 2003.
[14] C.-K. Toh, Associativity-Based Routing For Ad Hoc Mobile Networks, WL Pers. Commun. J., Special Issue on Mobile Networking and Computing Systems, Kluwer, vol. 4, no. 2, Mar. 1997, pp. 103-39.
[15] M. Jiang, J. Li, Y. C. Tay, Cluster based routing protocol (CBR) functional. specification, IETF draft 1998.
[16] Yunjung Yi, Taek Jin Kwon and Mario Gerla, Passive Clustering(PC) in Ad Hoc Networks, Internet Draft, draft-ietf-yi-manet-pac-00.txt, Nov. 2001. (Work in Progress)
[17] Geng Chen, Fabian Garcia Nocetti, Julio Solano Gonzalez etc, Connectivity Based k-hop Clustering in Wireless Networks, [C]. Proceedings of the 35th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences — 2002.
[18] J. C. Navas and T. Imielinski, Geographic Addressing and Routing, Proc.3rd ACM/IEEE Int'l. Conf. Mobile Comp. Net., Budapest, Hungary, Sept.26-30,1997.
[19] Y.-B. Ko and N. H. Vaidya, Location-aided Routing(LAR) in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, ACM/IEEE Int'l. Conf. Mobile Comp. Net., 1998, pp. 66-75.
[20] W H Liao,Y C Tseng, J P Sheu, GRID:A Fully Location-Aware Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Telecommunication Systems, 18, 37-60, 2001.
[21] S. Basagni et al., A Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility(DREAM), ACM/IEEE Int'l. Conf. Mobile Comp. Net., 1998, pp. 76-84.
[22] J. Li et al., A Scalable Location Service for Geographic Ad Hoc Routing, ACM Mobicom 2000, Boston, MA.
[23] Z. Haas and M. Pearlman, The zone routing protocol for highly reconfigurable ad-hoc networks. Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 98, August 1998.
[24] Zygmund J. Haas and Marc R. Pearlman, The performance of query control schemes for the zone routing protocol. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 427{438, Aug. 2001.
[25] Zygmund J. Haas and Marc R. Pearlman, Determining the optimal configuration for the zone routing protocol. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas Communications, vol. 17, no. 8, Aug. 1999.
[26] SM urthy, et al. A Routing Protocol for Packet Ratio Networks. Proceedings of ACM First International Conference on Mobile Computing &Networking (MOBICOM '95), Nov 1995.
[27] Jyoti Raju, et al. A Comparision of On demand and Table driven Routing for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Proceedings of IEEE ICC'00, June 2000.
[28] Xiaoyan Hong, Kaixin Xu, and Mario Gerla, Scalable Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, IEEE Network, July/August 2002.
[29] Atsushi Iwata, Ching-Chuan Chiang, Guangyu Pei, Mario Gerla, and Tsu wei Chen, Scalable routing strategies for ad hoc wireless networks, Tech. Rep., Department of Computer Science University of California, Los Angeles, 1999.
[30] R. Dube et al., Signal Stability based Adaptive Routing (SSA) for Ad-Hoc Mobile Networks, IEEE Pers. Commun., Feb. 1997, pp. 36-45.
[31] M. Joa-Ng and I-Tai Lu. Peer-to-peer Zone-based Two-level Link State Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 17(8):1415—1425, Aug 1999.
[32] S. R. Das, C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer, Performance Comparison of Two On-demand Routing Protocols for Ad Hoc Networks, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2000, Tel Aviv, Israel, Mar. 2000.
[33] Kimaya Sanzgiri and Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer. Leveraging Mobility to Improve Quality of Service in Mobile Networks. In the Proceedings of MobiQuitous 2004, Boston, MA, August 2004.
[34] C. Perkins and E. Belding-Royer. Quality of Service for Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing. IETF Internet Draft, draft-perkins-manet-aodvqos-02.txt, October 2003. (Work in Progress).
[35] Qi Xue and Aura Ganz, Ad hoc QoS on-demand routing (AQOR) in mobile ad hoc networks, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing. 63 (2003) 154-165.
[36] E. M. Royer and C.-K. Ton, A Review of Current Routing Protocols for Ad-Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks, IEEE Pers. Commun., Apr. 1999, pp. 46-55.
[37] Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture: an Overview. IETF RFC 1633, June 1994.
[38] S. Blake, D. Black, M. Carlson, E. Davies, Z. Wang, and W. Weiss. An Architecture for Differentiated Services. RFC 2475, Dec. 1998.
[39] Multi-protocol Label Switching Architecture. IETF work in progress. August 1999
[40] Integrated Service Mappings for Differentiated Services Networks. IETF work in progress, March 2000
[41] RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels. IETF work in progress, February 2000.
[42] G. Ahn, A. Campbell, A. Veres, and L. Sun. SWAN: Service differentiation in stateless wireless ad hoc networks. Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 2002, Jun. 2002.
[43] ZHANG Shun-liang (张顺亮), YE Cheng-qing (叶澄清), On service differentiation in mobile Ad Hoc networks, Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE,2004 5(9):1087-1094.
[44] Veres A,Campbell AT,Barry M,Sun LH. Supporting service differentiation in wireless packet networks using distributed control. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communications,2001,19(10):2081-2093.
[45] Julian D, Chiang M. QoS and fairness constrained convex optimization of resource allocation for wireless cellular and ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the 21~(st) Annual Joint Conf. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Vol.2,2002. 477-486.
[46] Zhang LX, Deering S, Estrin D etc. RSVP: A new resource reservation protocol. IEEE Network Magazine, 1993,7(5):8-18.
[47] Talukdar, B.Badrinath, A.Acharya, MRSVP: A resource reservation protocol for an integrated services network with mobile hosts, the Journal of Wireless Networks, vol.7, no.1,2001.
[48] Xiao HN, Sean WKG, Lo A,etc. A flexible quality of service model for mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Vol 1,2000. 444-449.
[49] S.B.Lee, GS.Ahn, INSIGNIA: An IP-base quality of service framework for mobile ad hoc networks, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 2000,60(7):374-406
[50] IEEE WG, Part11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and Physical Layer(PHY) Specifications, IEEE 802.11 Standard,1999.
[51] M. Takai, J. Martin, and R. Bagrodia. Effects of wireless physical layer modeling in mobile ad hoc networks. Proceedings of ACM MobiHoc'01, Oct. 2001.
[52] S. Mangold, S. Choi, P. May etc, IEEE 802.11e Wireless LAN for Quality of Service, In Proc. of European Wireless(EW2002), Florence, Italy, February 2002.
[53] Lamia Romdhani, Qiang Ni, Thierry Turletti, AEDCF: Enhanced Service Differentiation for IEEE802.11 Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks. IEEE WCNC, New Orleans, Louisiana, Mar. 2003.
[54] Qiang Ni and Lamia Romdhani, QoS Issues and Enhancements for IEEE802.11 Wireless LAN, Nov. 2002.
[55] Mangold S, Choi S, May P, Klein O, Hiertz G, Stibor L. IEEE 802.11e wireless LAN for quality of service(invited paper). In: Proc. of the European Wireless. Vol. 1,2002. 32～39.
[56] Jie H, Devetsikiotis M. Designing improved MAC packet schedulers for 802.11e WLAN. In: Proc. of the Global Telecommunications Conf. Vol.1, 2003. 184～189.
[57] Giuseppe Bianchi, Performance analysis of the IEEE 802,11 distributed coordination function, IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications, vol. 18. March 2000.
[58] 姚尹雄,张研,王蒙行,一种提供服务质量保障的移动Ad-Hoc网络介质访问控制策略,上海交通大学学报第36卷第6期,2002年6月
[59] S. T. Sheu and T. F. Sheu. DBASE : A distributed bandwidth allocation/sharing/extension protocol for multimedia over IEEE 802.11 ad hoc wireless LAN. Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 2001, Apr. 2001.
[60] P. Goyal, H. Vin, and H. Cheng, Start-time fair queueing: A Scheduling algorithm for integrated services packet switching networks, in Proceedings of ACM Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications (SIGCOMM '96), Palo Alto, CA, Aug. 1996, pp. 157-168.
[61] S. Golestani, A self-clocked fair queueing scheme for broadband applications, in Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Communications(INFOCOM '94), vol. 2, June 1994, pp. 636-646.
[62] S. Lu, V. Bharghavan, and R. Srikant, Fair scheduling in wireless packet networks, in Proceedings of ACM Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications(SIGCOMM '97), Cannes, France, Sept. 1997, pp. 67-74.
[63] N. H. Vaidya, P. Bahl, and S. Gupta. Distributed fair scheduling in a wireless LAN. In Sixth Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Boston, August 2000.
[64] T. S. E. Ng, I. Stoica, and H. Zhang. Packet fair queueing algorithms for wireless networks with location-dependent errors, in Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Communications(INFOCOM '98), vol. 3, San Francisco, CA, Mar. 1998. pp.1103-1111.
[65] P. Ramanathan and P. Agrawal, Adapting packet fair queueing algorithms to wireless networks, in Proceedings of IEEE/ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking(MOBICOM '98), Dallas, TX, Oct. 1998. pp. 1-9.
[66] A. Demers, S. Keshav, and S. Shenker, Analysis and simulation of a fair queueing algorithm, in Proceedings of ACM Conference on Communications Architectures and Protocols (SIGCOMM '89), Austin, TX, Sept. 1989, pp. 1-12.
[67] J.C.R. Bennett and H. Zhang, WF~2Q:Worst-case fair weighted fair queueing, in Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Communications(INFOCOM '96), vol.1, San Francisco, CA, Mar. 1996, pp.120-128.
[68] J.R. Moorman and J.W. Lockwood, Multiclass priority fair queuing for hybrid wired/wireless quality of service support, in Proceedings of ACM International Workshop on Wireless Mobile Multimedia(WOWMOM '99), Seattle, WA, Aug. 1999, pp. 43-50.
[69] S. Lu, T. Nandagopal, and V. Bharghavan, A Wireless fair service algorithm for packet cellular networks, in Proceedings of IEEE/ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking(MOBICOM '98), Dallas, TX, Oct. 1998, pp. 10-20.
[70] Jianbo Xue, Patrick Stuedi, ASAP: An Adaptive QoS Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc networks, http://www.iks.inf.etliz.ch/publications/publications/asap03.html. [71] Kevin Fall and Kannan Varadhan. The ns manual [EB/OL]. April 2002, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-documentation.
[72] X. Zeng, R. L. Bagrodia, and M. Gerla. GloMoSim: a library for parallel simulation of large-scale wireless networks. In PADS, May 1998.
[73] R. L. Bagrodia, R. Meyer, M. Takai, Y. Chen, X. Zeng, J. Martin, and H. Y. Song. Parsec: A parallel simulation environment for complex systems. IEEE Computer, 31(10): 77-85, Oct. 1998.
[74] I. Chakeres and E. Belding-Royer. PAC: Perceptive Admission Control for Mobile Wireless Networks. Technical Report 2004-17, University of California, Santa Barbara, June 2004.
[75] S.-J. Lee, C.-K. Toh, and M. Gerla, Performance Evaluation of Table-Driven and On-Demand Ad Hoc Routing Protocols, Proc. IEEE PIMRC '99, Osaka, Japan, Sept. 1999, pp. 297-301.
[76] S. Corson and J. Macker, Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations, RFC 2501, Jan. 1999.
[77] X. Hong et al., Scalable Ad Hoc Routing in Large, Dense Wireless Networks Using Clustering and Landmarks, Proc. ICC 2002, New York, NY,Apr. 2002.
[78] A, Iwata et al., Scalable Routing Strategies for Ad-hoc Wireless Networks, IEEE JSAC, Aug. 1999, pp. 1369-79.
[79] C.R.Lin and M.Gerla, Adaptive Clustering for Mobile Wireless Networks, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol.15, No.7, Sep. 1997, pp. 1265-1275.
[80] Krishna, P., Vaidya, N.H., Chatterjee, M., Pradhan, D.K., A cluster-based approach for routing in dynamic networks, Computer Communication Review, vol.27, (no.2), ACM, April 1997.
[81] Josh Broch, David A. Maltz, David B. Johnson etc. A performance comparison of multi-hop wireless Ad hoc network routing protocols. [C] MobiCom98, Dallas, USA, October 1998.
[82] Chen S, Nahrstedt K. Distributed quality of service routing in ad hoc networks. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communications, 1999, 17(8): 1488～1505.
[83] LinCR, GerlaM. Asynchronous multi-media multi-hop wireless networks [DB/OL]. Webpage: http://wwwl.ics.uci.edu/～atm/adhoc/paper-col-lection/gerlamacapr-infocom97.pdf.
[84] 王海涛,郑少仁等,Ad hoc网络中QoS保障机制的研究,通信学报,2002年10月第23卷第10期
[85] L. A. Dasilva, QoS mapping along the protocol stack: Discussion and preliminary result, in IEEE International Conference on Communications(ICC'00), vol.2, New Orleans, LA, June 2000, pp.713-717.
[86] Mahadevan and K. M. Sivalingam, Quality of service in wireless networks based on differentiated services architecture. In International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks(ICCCN'99), Boston, MA, Oct.1999, pp.548-553.
[87] C. Perkins and E. Belding-Royer. Quality of Service for Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing. IETF Internet Draft, draft-perkins-manet-aodvqos-02.txt, October 2003. (Work in progress).
[88] C. Zhu and S. Corson. QoS Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. In Proc. Of the 21st Int'l. Annual Joint Cone Of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Vol.2,2002. 958～967.
[89] Lin CR, Liu JS. QoS routing in ad hoc wireless networks. IEEE Journal Selected Areas in Communications, 1999,17(8): 1426～1438.
[90] Lin CR. On-Demand QoS routing in multihop mobile networks. In: Proc. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Vol.3,2001.1735～1744.
[91] Huang C, Dai F, Wu J. On-Demand location-aided QoS routing in ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the Int'l Conf. on Parallel Processing(ICPP). 2004. 502～509.
[92] Shah SH, Nahrstedt K. Predictive location-based QoS routing in mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the IEEE Int'l Conf. on Communications. Vol.2,2002.1022～1027.
[93] Zhu C, Corson MS. A five-phase reservation protocol (FPRA) for mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proc. of the 17th Annual Joint Conf. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Vol. 1,1998.322～331.
[94] 李云,赵为粮,隆克平,吴诗其。无线Ad Hoc网络支持QOS的研究进展和展望。软件学报,2004年第15卷第12期 1884～1893。
[95] Sze-Yao Ni, Yu-Chee Tseng, Yuh-Shyan Chen, Jang-Ping Sheu, The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network, Mobi-Com,1999.
[96] Jinyang Li, Charles Blake, Douglas S. J., De Couto, Hu Imm Lee, Robert Morris, Capacity of Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Mobicom, 2001.
[97] Yu-Chee Tseng, Sze-Yao Ni, En-Yu Shih, Adaptive Approaches to Relieving Broadcast Storms in a Wireless Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Infocim, 2001.
[98] Amir Qayyum, Laurent Viennot, Anis Laouiti, Multipoint relaying: An efficient technique for flooding in mobile wireless networks, INRIA report, March 2000.
[99] H. Lim and C. Kim, Flooding in wireless ad hoc networks, IEEE computer communications 2000.
[100] M. Seddigh, J. Solano and I. Stojmenovic, Internal nodes based broadcasting algorithms in wireless networks, Proceedings of the 34th Annual HICSS 2001.
[101] A. Qayyum, L. Viennot, and A. Laouiti. Multipoint Relaying: An Efficient Technique for Flooding in Mobile Wireless Networks, INRIA res. rep. RR-3898, 2000
[102] B. Bellur and R. G. Ogler, A Reliable, Efficient Topology Broadcast Protocol for Dynamic Networks, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM '99, New York, NY, Mar.1999.
[103] E. Pagani, G. P. Rossi, Reliable broadcast in mobile multihop packet networks, Mobicom 97 (1997).
[104] J. Wu and H. Li, On calculating connected dominating set for efficient routing in ad hoc networks, DIAL M. 1999.
[105] B. Chen, K. H. Jamieson, and R. Morris, An energy-efficient coordination algorithm for topology maintenance in Ad Hoc wireless networks, Mobicom, 2001.
[106] Y. Xu, J. Heidemann and D. Estrin, Geography-informed Energy Conservation for Ad Hoc Routing Mobicom, 2001.
[107] S.-J. Lee, W. Su, and M. Gerla, On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) for Ad Hoc Networks, Internet Draft, draftietf-manet-odmrp-02.txt, Jan. 2000. (Work in Progress)
[108] 姚尹雄,王豪行,MAQF:一种新的移动Ad-Hoc网络自适应QoS结构框架,电子学报,2002/5.
[109] D. M. Chiu and R. Jain. Analysis of the increase and decrease algorithms for congestion avoidance in computer networks. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 17(1-14), 1989.
[110] K. Xu, X. Hong, and M. Gerla. An ad hoc network with mobile backbones. Proceedings of IEEE ICC'02, New York, NY, Apr. 2002.
[111] Kaixin Xu, Ken Tang, Rajive Bagrodia, Mario Gerla, Michael Bereschinsky, Adaptive bandwidth management and QoS provisioning in large scale ad hoc networks, Proceedings of MILCOM '03. Boston, MA: 2003.
[112] J. R. Moorman, Quality of service support for heterogeneous traffic across hybrid wired and wireless networks, thesis for the degree of Doctor in the graduate college of the University of Illinois, 2001.
[113] I. D. Chakeres. AODV-UCSB Implementation from University of California Santa Barbara.http://moment.cs.ucsb.edu/AODV/aodv.html.
[114] S. R. Das, R. Castaneda, and J. Yan, Simulation Based Performance Evaluation of Mobile, Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols, ACM/Baltzer MONET J., July 2000, pp. 179-89.
[115] JiST User Guide. http://jist.ece.comell.edu/docs.html, September 2003, updated March 2004.
[116] SWANS User Guide, http://jist.ece.comell.edu/docs.html, March 2004.
[117] Rimon Barr. An efficient, unifying approach to simulation using virtual machines. PhD dissertation, Cornell University, May 2004.
[118] C. Santivanez, R. Ramanathan, and I. Stavrakakis, Making Link-State Routing Scale for Ad Hoc Networks, Proc. 2001 ACM Int'l. Symp. Mobile Ad Hoc Net. Comp., Long Beach, CA, Oct. 2001.
[119] Z. J. Haas and M. R. Pearlman, The Performance of Query Control Schemes for the Zone Routing Protocol, ACM/IEEE Trans. Net, vol. 9, no. 4, Aug.2001, pp. 427-38.
[120] M. S. Corson, A. Ephremides, A Distributed Routing Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Networks, ACM/Baltzer WL Net. J., vol. 1, no. 1, Feb. 1995.
[121] V. D. Park and M.S. Corson, A Highly Adaptive Distributed Routing Algorithm for Mobile Wireless Networks, Proc. IEEE INFOCOM '97, Kobe, Japan, Apr. 1997, pp. 1405-13.
[122] C. -C. Chiang and M. Gerla, Routing and Multicast in Multihop, Mobile Wireless Networks, Proc. IEEE ICUPC '97, San Diego, CA, Oct. 1997.
[123] G. Pei et al., A Wireless Hierarchical Routing Protocol with Group Mobility, Proc. IEEE WCNC '99, New Orleans, LA, Sept. 1999.
[124] T. Camp, J. Boleng, and V. Davies. A Survey of Mobility Models for Ad Hoc Network Research. Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing(WCMC): Special issue on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking: Research, Trends and Applications,2(5):483-502,2002.
[125] C. Bettstetter, H. Hartenstein, and X. Perez-Costa. Stochastic Properties of the Random Waypoint Mobility Model: Epoch Length, Direction Distribution and Cell Change Rate. In Proceedings of the 5th ACM International Workshop on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems(MSWIM), Atlanta, GA, September 2002.
[126] C. Bettstetter and C. Wagner. The Spatial Node Distribution of the Random Waypoint Mobility Model. In Proceedings of the 1st German Workshop on Mobile Ad hoc Networks (WMAN), pages 41-58, Ulm,Germany, March 2002.
[127] G. Resta and P. Santi. An Analysis of the Node Spatial Distribution of the Random Waypoint Mobility Model for Ad hoc Networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Workshop on Principles of Mobile Comptuing (POMC), Toulouse, France, October 2002.
[128] L. Kleinrock and J. Silvester. Optimum Transmission Radii for Packet Radio Networks or Why Six is a Magic Number. In Proceedings of the IEEE National Telecommunications Conference pages 4.3.1-4.3.5, Birmingham, Alabama, December 1978.
[129] Elizabeth M. Royer, P. Michael Melliar-Smithy and Louise E. Mosery. An Analysis of the Optimum Node Density for Ad hoc Mobile Networks. http://www.parc.com/zhao/-stanford-cs428/readings/Networking/Royer_icc01_opt_density_2001.pdf.
[130] E. M. Royer, S. J. Lee and C. E. Perkins. The Effects of MAC Protocols on Ad hoc Network Communications. In Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, Chicago, IL, September 2000.
[131] G. Pei and M. Gerla, Mobility Management in Hierarchical Multi-hop Mobile Wireless Networks, Proc. IEEE ICCCN '99, Boston, MA, Oct. 1999.
[132] B. Karp and H. T. Kung, GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks, Proc. 6th Annual Int'l. Conf. Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom 2000), Boston, MA, USA, 2000, pp. 243-54.
[133] S. Chakrabarti, A. Mishra, QoS issues in ad hoc wireless networks, IEEE Comm. Mag. 39 (2001) 142-148.
[134] S. Chen, K. Nahrstedt, Distributed quality-of-service routing in ad hoc networks, IEEE Journal On Selected Areas In Communications 17 (8) (1999) 1-18.
[135] Z. J. Haas, A new routing algorithm for the reconfigurable wireless networks, ICUPC '97, San Diego, CA, October 12-16, 1997.
[136] S. Murthy and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, Loop-Free Internet Routing Using Hierarchical Routing Trees, Proc. INFOCOM '97, Apr. 7-11, 1997.
[137] C. -C. Chiang, M. Gerla, and L. Zhang, Adaptive Shared Tree Multicast in Mobile Wireless Networks, Proc. GLOBECOM '98, Nov. 1998, pp. 1817-22.
[138] George Aggelou and Rahim Tafazolli. Rdmar: a bandwidth-efficient routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. Proceedings of the second ACM international workshop on Wireless mobile multimedia, pages 26-33, August 1999.
[139] Manel Guerrero Zapata, Secure Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(SAODV) Routing, Mobile Ad Hoc Networking Working Group INTERNET DRAFT, 2001-08.
[140] 李承,汪为农。浅议移动Ad Hoc网络路由协议中的安全性问题。计算机工程与应用,2002年第22期28-29。
[141] 王海涛,郑少仁。移动Ad hoc网络中的安全问题。中国数据通信,2002年第8期 65-68。
[142] Amit Jardosh, Elizabeth M. BeldingRoyer, Kevin C. Atmeroth, Subhash Suri. Towards Realistic Mobility Models For Mobile Ad hoc Networks. MobiCom'03, September 14—19, 2003, San Diego, California, USA.
[143] Ying-Kwei Ho, Ru-Sheng Liu, On-Demand QoS-Based Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks, Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC 2000), p.560, July 04-06, 2000.
[144] S. Corson, J. Macker. Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations, RFC2501, January 1999.
[145] M. Kazantzidis, M. Gerla, and S. Lee. Permissible throughput network for adaptative multimedia in AODV MANETs. In IEEE ICC 2001, 2001.
[146] K. Al Agha, G. Pujolle, H. Badis, A. Munaretto. QoS for Ad Hoc Networking Based on Multiple Metrics: Bandwidth and Delay. In The Fifth IEEE International Conference on Mobile and Wireless Communications Networks (MWCN 2003), 2003.
[147] W. Liu and Y. Fang. Courtesy Piggybacking: Supporting Differentiated Services in Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. In Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE Infocom), 2004.
[148] Ll. Cerda, J. M. Barcelo and J. Garcia. A Reservation Scheme Satisfying Bandwidth QoS Constrains for Ad-hoc Networks. Technical Report UPC-DAC-2004-24, Politechnic University of Catalonia, June 2004.http://www.ac.upc.es/recerca/reports.
[149] K. Ramakrishnan, S. Floyd, and D. Black, An Addition of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to IP, Intemet Draft
[150] S. Kalyanaraman, D. Harrison, S. Arora, K. Wanglee, and G. Guarriello, A One-bit Feedback Enhanced Differentiated Services Architecture, Internet Draft
[151] D. Bansal and H. Balakrishnan, TCP-friendly Congestion Control for Real-time Streaming Applications, Technical Report, MIT-LCS-TR-806, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science, May 2000.
[152] A. Banchs and X. Perez, Providing throughput Guarantees in IEEE802.11 Wireless LAN. IEEE In Proc. WCNC'02, 1:130-138.
[153] A. Lindgren, A. Almquist, O. Schelen, Evaluation of Quality of Service Schemes for IEEE802.11. IEEE In Proc. LCN'2001, p.348-351.
[154] J. L. Sobrinho and A. S. Krishnakumar, Quality-of-Service in Ad hoc Carrier Sense Multiple Access Networks, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 17, No. 8, pp. 1353-1368, August 1999.
[155] Zeinalipour-Yazti Demetrios, A Glance at Quality of Services in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Research Report, http://www.cs.ucr.edu/～csyiazti/cs260.html,November 19, 2001.
[156] W. Liu and Y. Fang. Courtesy Piggybacking: Supporting Differentiated Services in Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. In Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE Infocom), 2004.
[157] Ll. Cerda, J.M. Barcelo and J. Garcia. A Reservation Scheme Satisfying Bandwidth QoS Constrains for Ad-hoc Networks. Technical Report UPC-DAC-2004-24, Politechnic University of Catalonia, June 2004.http://www.ac.upc.es/recerca/reports.
[158] Rafael Guimaraes, Julian Morillo, Llorenc, Cerda, Jose-M Barcelo and Jorge Garcia, Quality of Service for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks: an Overview, Technical RepOrt UPC-DAC-2004-29, Politechnic University of Catalonia, June 2004. http://www.ac.upc.es/recerca/reports.
[159] Llorenc Cerda, Michael Voorhaen, Rafael Guimaraes, et al., A Reservation Scheme Satisfying Bandwidth QoS Constraints for Ad-hoc Networks, Dec. 2004,http://www-i4.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/content/dagstuhl.htm.
[160] I. Chakeres, E. Belding-Royer, C. Perkins, Dynamic MANET On-demand (DYMO) Routing, [S] Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-manet-dymo-01, May 2005.(work in process)
[161] S. -J. Lee, E. M. Belding-Royer, and C. E. Perkins, Scalability Study of the Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance-Vector Routing Protocol, International Journal of Network Management, vol. 13, no. 2, March 2003.
[162] JAdhoc System Design Manual, http://www.aodv.org/, July 2003.
[163] John Novatnack, Lloyd Greenwald and Harpreet Arora, Evaluating Ad hoc Routing Protocols With Respect to Quality of Service, http://itcsl.cs.drexel.edu,2005
[164] Andre Schumacher and Torsten Luh, Comparison of the three protocols, AODV, DSR and TBRPF,http://www.cs.helsinki.fi/u/kraatika/Courses/IPsemO4s/slides/comp.pdf, May 2004.
[165] SHI MingHong, YAO YinXiong and BAI YingCai, QDSR: QoS aware Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Chinese Journal of Electronics Vol.13, No.2, Apr. 2004.
[166] YAO Yinxiong, LIU Jianxun and TANG Xinhuai, Design and Implementation of Key Techniques for Mobile Ad hoc Network Adaptive QoS Provisioning Framework, Chinese Journal of Electronics Vol.13, No.4, Oct. 2004.
[167] YahTai Shu, GuangHong Wang, Lei. Wang, Oliver W. W. Yang and YongJie Fan, Provisioning QoS Guarantee by Multipath Routing and Reservation in Ad Hoc Network, J. Comput. Sci. & Techno(计算机科学技术学报), Vol.19, No.2,pp. 128-137, March 2004.
[168] 英春,史美林.。自组网环境下基于QoS的路由协议。计算机学报,2001,24(10)
[169] 米志超,黄海涛。一种交互式的Ad Hoc网络QoS路由算法。武汉大学学报(理学版),2002年第1期。
[170] 韩彬斌,王培康,张晓辉。自组网内的延迟限制QoS路由算法研究。通信技术,2002年第2期。
[171] 李云、隆克平、吴诗其、赵为粮,无线Ad Hoc网络QoS路由协议研究的进展与展望。计算机科学,2004年31卷第3期。
[172] R. Leung, J. Liu, E. Poon et al., MP-DSR: A QoS-aware multi-path dynamic source routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks, Proc. LCN'2001, pp.132-141,2001.
[173] G. Bianchi, A. T. Campbell, A programmable MAC framework for utility-based adaptive quality of service support, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol.18, No.2, PP. 244-255, 2000.
[174] 易平,钟亦平,张世永。移动ad hoc网络中DOS攻击及其防御机制。计算机研究与发展,2005,Vol.42,No.4,P.697-704。
[175] 彭革刚,杨疆湖,高传善。移动自组网中基于路径稳定性的QoS路由协议。计算机研究与发展,2004,Vol.41,No.6,P.916-922a。
[176] 赵璇,蒋铃鸽,何晨。一种基于最小负载的移动Ad hoc网络路由协议。上海交通大学学报,2004,Vol.38,No.5,P.684-687。
[177] 金彦亮,杨宇航。分级单向ad-hoc路由协议。上海交通大学学报,2004,Vol.38,No.2,P267-267。